基于专业定位的野生动物学教学改革探索

高校课程教学基于专业定位,是建立课程教学体系与提高教学效果的先决条件。高等林业院校对非生物类专业开设的野生动物学课程,需要根据专业培养目标与学生特点确定教学内容、方法与评价体系。在对旅游管理专业开设的野生动物学教学改革中,基于专业培养目标,通过对教学内容调整,开展趣味教学、研究性学习、案例讨论等教学方法的探索,总结了教学经验与教训,提出从学校、学院和教师3个层面共同努力以促进野生动物学教学改革的建议。     

动物学野外实习教学模式的改革与实践

动物学野外实习是动物学及相关课程教学的重要组成部分,同时也是动物学课堂教学的有利补充。针对目前动物学野外实习教学中存在的问题进行分析,并提出教学改革的应对措施及建议。从实习教材建设、教学理念、多元化教学方法和实习成绩评价指标体系4个方面,总结了近些年动物学野外实习的改革与实践经验,以期为进一步改进和提高动物学野外实习的效果提供参考。     

关于举办第五届“高校生命科学教学论坛”的第一轮通知

<正>自2006年以来,由教育部高等学校生物科学与工程教学指导委员会和高等教育出版社共同主办的"高校生命科学教学论坛",先后在全国组织举办了4届。论坛分别以"生命科学基础课程教学改革与人才培养"、"宏观生物学与人才培养"、"生物学课程教学内容改革与实践"、"生命科学发展与教学改革"     

不同层次需求的实验动物学教学特点

实验动物学教学已成为医学教育中不可或缺的组成部分。本文从课程设置背景、课程安排、考核方法等方面总结了不同层次的实验动物学教学特点,以供广大实验动物教学工作者参考。     

基于“以学为中心”的医学微生物学课程教学改革与实践

“医学微生物学”是临床医学专业的核心课程,理论性和实践性较强。面向国家对医学人才培养目标的变化、如何在教学过程中以学为中心,以及注重学生能力素质的培养是本课程教学改革的重要环节。我们依据学情分析结果,通过翻转课堂、挖掘课程思政元素、基于问题的学习(problem-based learning,PBL)讨论课、虚拟仿真实验及临床见习课、开放性实验等教学手段综合运用进行课程的教学改革。实践证明,该教学改革体系使课程教学与医学人才培养挂钩,能够充分调动学生积极性、提高创新能力及服务意识,实现了师生共赢,圆满完成教学目标。     

高校动物学实验教学改革初探

动物学是高校生物类专业重要的必修专业基础课,动物学实验是动物学教学不可分割的重要组成部分,对验证和巩固动物学理论知识,提高学生的实验技能,培养学生发现问题、分析问题和解决问题的能力具有重要意义.随着高等教育的改革和人材培养模式的转变,传统的动物学实验教学方法已难以适应培养创新型、复合型人才的需要(王力军等,2006)."教育部高等教育面向21世纪教学内容和课程体系改革计划"是我国教育改革的重要指导方针,也是我们转变教育思想、更新教育观念的指导思想(冯建成, 罗素兰, 2007).近年来,我校积极实施改革计划,动物学课程组以能力培养为核心,推进实验教学改革,对动物学实验教学内容和方法进行了一些有益的改革探索.     

校企合作模式下的细胞工程教学改革

本文从生物产业的快速发展对高校人才培养提出新要求出发,介绍了校企合作模式下细胞工程课在教学内容、教材编写、项目教学和实践教学环节等方面的教学改革实践,通过增加企业案例、工程项目实践和企业工程师进课堂等教学活动,促进了学生专业知识技能和人文素质提高,也促进教师的产学研相结合能力提高,是一种有益的高校课程教学模式。     

提升实验动物学年轻教员任教能力的几点措施

实验动物学是一门应用型课程,任课教员需要具备较好的理论知识以及较强的操作能力和良好的沟通应变能力。对青年教员制定详细的培养计划以及健全培养评价机制,逐步提升新教员的任教能力,是一项长期值得探索的课题。本教研室坚持以提高教员素质为根本,通过完善年轻教员培养计划、优化新老教员一对一"传帮带"机制、建立青年教员试讲和课堂督导机制、完善教员与学员沟通机制、鼓励学习现代化信息手段丰富教学形式、健全新教员授课质量评价制度等举措,有效提高了年轻教员的专业水平、任教能力,年轻教员教学活动不断创新,学员满意度进一步提高。通过以上努力,教研室形成了一支以中青年教员为主的实验动物学教学团队,有效保障了实验动物学的教学质量,为今后医学院校实验动物学教学改革奠定了基础。     

新时代人才培养需求下工科高校专业课教学创新与实践：以“环境工程微生物学”为例

“环境工程微生物学”是传统工科高校环境类专业的前置核心专业必修课程,为满足新时代下新的人才培养需求,我们教学团队聚焦课程教学中存在的四大痛点问题,通过教学内容、教学方法、评价方式、思政融入四大环节对“环境工程微生物学”课程教学进行教学改革。经多轮成果应用与迭代以及多方教学评价,结果表明该课程的教学改革显著提升了课程的教学质量。     

PBL和CBL教学模式在《生物化学》课程教学改革中的探索

《生物化学》是各大高校相关专业普遍开设的专业基础课程。由于人才培养目标和专业特点的差异,《生物化学》课程一直是教学改革的热点。本文结合PBL、CBL教学模式和自身教学实践,对PBL和CBL教学模式在《生物化学》课程中的改革和探索进行了讨论,并分析了教学反思,旨在为《生物化学》课程教学改革提供参考。     

Embryo and Endosperm Function and Failure inSolanumSpecies and Hybrids

Although the importance of the endosperm as a food store inmany angiosperm seeds is well known, its significance duringearly embryogenesis has been neglected. In many interspecifichybrids, and in some other situations, embryos do not developfully and abort. It has often been stated that this is causedby the endosperm failing to conduct sufficient nutrients tothe embryo, but seldom has it been suggested that the endospermactively controls most of the early stages of morphogenesisof the embryo. Information gleaned from a broad survey of theliterature, combined with additional evidence presented here,obtained fromSolanum incanumand interspecific hybrids, indicatethat the endosperm is dynamic and very active in regulatingearly embryo development. This requires highly integrated geneticcontrol of rapidly changing metabolism in the endosperm. Ininterspecific hybrids, lack of coordination may cause unbalancedproduction of growth regulating substances by the endospermand hence abortion of the embryo, or even unregulated productionof nucleases and proteases resulting firstly in autolysis ofthe endosperm and then digestion of the embryo. The endospermmay thus serve to detect inappropriate hybridization of speciesor ploidy levels and so prevent waste of resources by producingseeds that would result in sterile hybrids or unthrifty subsequentgenerations. This discriminatory function of the endosperm hasdiminished during evolution and domestication of the crop plantSolanummelongenaL.Copyright 1998 Annals of Botany Company Solanum, embryo morphogenesis, endosperm, hybrid, seed development.     

HIFs and tumors--causes and consequences

For most organisms oxygen is essential fo life. When oxygen levels drop below those required to maintain the minimum physiological oxygen requirement of an organism or tissue it is termed hypoxia. To counter act possible deleterious effects of such a state, an immediate molecular response is initiated causing adaptation responses aimed at cell survival. This response is mediated by the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), which is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha- and a beta-subunit. HIF-1 alpha protein is stabilized under hypoxic conditions and therefore confers selectivity to this response. Hypoxia is characteristic of tumors, mainly because of impaired blood supply resulting from abnormal growth. Over the past few years enormous progress has been made in the attempt to understand how the activation of the physiological response to hypoxia influences neoplastic growth. In this review some aspects of HIF-1 pathway activation in tumors and the consequences for pathophysiology and treatment of neoplasia are discussed.     

Pragmatic Women and Body Politics and Maternities and Modernities: Colonial and Postcolonial Experiences in Asia and the Pacific

Pragmatic Women and Body Politics. Margaret Lock and Patricia A. Kaufert. eds. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1998. xii +364 pp.
Maternities and Modernities: Colonial and Postcolonial Experiences in Asia and the Pacific. Kalpana Ram and Margaret Jolly. eds. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1998. xiv. 305 pp.     

环腺苷酸应答元件结合蛋白与学习记忆

环腺苷酸(cAMP)应答元件结合蛋白(cAMP response element binding protein,CREB)是一种核转录因子,可与cAMP反应元件结合,调节基因转录,具有调节精子生成,昼夜节律,学习记忆等功能.近年来关于其在学习记忆中的作用成为医学研究热点.CREB是神经元内多条信息传递途径的汇聚点,参与长时记忆形成和突触可塑性.长时记忆(long-term memory)形成需依赖CREB介导的基因转录,干扰或抑制CREB活性可破坏长时记忆.长时程增强(long-term potentiation,LTP)是研究学习记忆的理想模型,在LTP诱导和维持过程中均可观察到CREB活性持续升高.但增龄过程中,海马CREB活性下降,影响学习记忆功能,与许多神经退行性疾病发生有关.     

Relative and combined effects of ethanol and protein deficiency on strontium and barium bone content and fecal and urinary excretion

To elucidate accumulation of minerals in human iliac arteries with aging, the content of minerals was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Bilateral common, internal, and external iliac arteries of 16 men and 8 women, ranging ages from 65 to 93 yr, were examined. It was found that an extremely high accumulation of calcium and phosphorus occurred in the common iliac artery at old age, being higher than that of the internal and external iliac arteries. It should be noted that the accumulation of calcium and phosphorus is the highest in the common iliac artery among the human arteries examined to date. Regarding sexual differences, the content of calcium and phosphorus in the common and internal iliac arteries was higher in women than in men, whereas their content in the external iliac artery was lower in women than in men.