肿瘤坏死因子α对大鼠成骨样细胞增殖与甲状旁腺素受体表达的影响

大鼠成骨样细胞ＲＯＳ１７／２．８经肿瘤坏死因子α处理后,发现其ｃ－ｍｙｃ,ｃ－ｆｏｓ,ｃ－ｊｕｎ等原癌基因ｍＲＮＡ的表达降低,细胞增殖明显受到抑制;同时,其ＰＴＨ受体的表达以及ＰＴＨ经受体刺激后引起的细胞内ｃＡＭＰ的增加也受到抑制。提示ＴＮＦα可抑制大鼠在骨要细胞ＲＥＯＳ１７／２．８的增殖和分化。     

肿瘤坏死因子α对大鼠成骨样细胞增殖与甲状旁腺素受体表达的影响

大鼠成骨样细胞ROS17／2．8经肿瘤坏死因子α处理后,发现其c－myc,c－fos,c－jun等原癌基因mRNA的表达降低,细胞增殖明显受到抑制;同时,其PTH受体的表达以及PTH受体经刺激后引起的胞内cAMP的增加也受到抑制．提示TNFα可抑制大鼠成骨样细胞ROS17／2．8的增殖和分化．     

甲状腺素及维甲酸对成骨样细胞甲状旁腺素受体的调节作用

研究了甲状腺素及维甲酸夺大鼠成骨样细胞ＲＯＳ１７／２．８细胞株甲状旁腺素受体的调节作用实验结果表明：细胞经Ｔ３／Ｔ４处理后,可显增高ＰＴＨ受体结合率及碱性磷酸酶活性,以及ＰＴＨ受体ｍＲＮＡ的表达,细胞经ＲＡ处理后,则相反地降低了ＰＴＨ受体结合率及碱性磷到酶活性。     

甲状旁腺素、胰岛素样生长因子-1可加速成骨样细胞ROS17/2.8增值周期的进程

甲状旁腺素(parathyroid hormone,PTH)不仅在调节钙磷代谢中可促进骨发生破骨细胞性溶骨,也可促进骨的合成代谢作用。近年发现PTH还可促进成骨细胞的增殖分化。其细胞生物学和分子生物学机理尚待研究。本实验以成骨样细胞ROS17/2.8为研究材料,以胰岛素样生长因子-1(insulin-like growth factor-1,IGF-1)为细胞增殖的阳性对照,检测了PTH对DNA合成、细胞周期进程及cyclin E和cyclinA的表达,以求探讨PTH促成骨细胞增殖时对细胞周期的影响。结果表明,PTH可促进DNA合成,改变细胞周期各时相细胞比例及增加cyclin E和cyclin A的表达。该结果提示PTH可加速成骨细胞增殖周期的进程。     

甲状旁腺素和胰岛素样生长因子促成骨样细胞ROS 17/2.8增殖分化中的协同作用

 间歇性小剂量地给予甲状旁腺素 (parathyroid hormone,PTH)可促进成骨 .胰岛素样生长因子 - I(insulin- like growth factor- I,IGF- I)由成骨细胞所产生并贮存于骨基质中 ,可促进成骨细胞的增殖分化 .为进一步了解向钙性激素和骨源性生长因子对骨生长的影响 ,利用成骨样细胞 ROS1 7/ 2 .8进行体外实验 ,观察了 PTH和 IGF- I这两种在骨生长和代谢中有重要作用的激素和因子相互作用的效果 ,并对其相互作用机制作出初步探讨 .结果显示 :联合使用 IGF- I及 PTH(间歇性给药 )时 ,(1 ) SRB(sodium rhodamine B,SRB)染色显示经 PTH(1 0 -9mol/ L,间歇给药 )和 IGF- I(1 0 -9mol/ L)联合处理的细胞 ,其数目明显增加 ,且明显高于单独处理组 ;(2 ) 3H- Td R参入增加 ,也明显高于单独处理组 ;(3)与增殖相关的原癌基因 (c- fos,c- jun,c- ki- ras)的表达增强 ,明显高于单独处理组 ;(4)骨钙素 (osteocalcin)基因 m RNA表达增强 ,明显高于单独处理组 ;(5) IGF- I(1 0 -8mol/L,1 0 -9mol/ L)可使 PTH受体基因 m RNA表达增强 .这些结果提示 PTH和 IGF- I在成骨样细胞ROS 1 7/ 2 .8增殖分化中具有协同作用 ,原癌基因的表达增强可能是其作用的一个环节 .此外 ,IGF- I可能通过增强 PTH受体表达 ,使细胞对 PTH的反应性增强     

甲状腺素及维甲酸对成骨样细胞甲状旁腺素受体的调节作用

研究了甲状腺素（T3／T4）及维甲酸（RA）对大鼠成骨样细胞ROS17／2．8细胞林甲状旁腺素（PTH）受体的调节作用．实验结果表明：细胞经T3／T4处理后,可显著增高PTH受体结合率及碱性磷酸酶活性,以及PTH受体mRNA的表达．细胞经RA处理后,则相反地降低PTH受体结合率及碱性磷酸酶活性．     

海绵状的小肠粘膜下层促进成骨样细胞增殖分化

目的:观察人脂肪干细胞(hADSCs)诱导分化的成骨样细胞在海绵状的猪小肠粘膜下层(SIS)表面的生长情况,探讨三维立体海绵状的SIS能否促进成骨样细胞的增殖和分化.方法:采用物理和化学结合的方法将猪近段空肠制备成脱细胞的SIS,再将薄膜状的SIS经液氮低温研磨制成微粒,交联后采用冷冻干燥技术重塑形为海绵状的SIS;原代培养hADSCs,流式术检测表面抗原,诱导其成骨、成软骨、成脂分化并染色鉴定;将诱导的成骨样细胞与海绵状SIS复合培养,扫描电镜观察细胞形态;应用SIS材料浸提液培养成骨样细胞,MTT法检测细胞增殖情况,ALP活度检测成骨分化情况.结果:脱细胞的SIS未见有核物质,海绵状的SIS呈三维立体状,具有大量均匀一致的孔隙;原代培养的hADSCs表达干细胞相关抗原,并可分化为成骨样细胞,茜素红将钙结节染成紫红色.成骨样细胞与海绵状SIS复合培养后,细胞生长旺盛增殖能力强,ALP表达量明显增加.结论:海绵状的SIS具有均匀的三维孔隙,细胞相容性好,能明显促进hADSCs来源的成骨样细胞的增殖及成骨分化,可成为骨组织工程新型的三维立体天然生物衍生材料.     

甲状旁腺素、胰岛素样生长因子-Ⅰ对骨特征性标志蛋白的影响

为了阐明甲状旁腺素（ｐａｒａｔｈｙｒｏｉｄｈｏｒｍｏｎｅ,ＰＴＨ）、胰岛素样生长因子－Ⅰ（ｉｎｓｕｌｉｎ－ｌｉｋｅｇｒｏｗｔｈｆａｃｔｏｒ－Ⅰ,ＩＧＦ－Ⅰ）在促成骨样细胞ＲＯＳ１７／２．８增殖的同时对其分化状况的影响,研究了ＰＴＨ、ＩＧＦ－Ⅰ对骨特征性标志蛋白碱性磷酸酶（ａｌｋａｌｉｎｅｐｈｏｓｐｈａｔａｓｅ,ＡＬＰ）活性、骨钙素（ｏｓｔｅｏｃａｌ－ｃｉｎ）ｍＲＮＡ表达及骨胶原蛋白（ｃｏｌａｇｅｎ）合成的影响．结果表明,ＰＴＨ、ＩＧＦ－Ⅰ均可抑制ＡＬＰ活性,ＰＴＨ的抑制作用强于ＩＧＦ－Ⅰ,抑制作用具有时间剂量依赖性;ＰＴＨ、ＩＧＦ－Ⅰ均可诱导骨钙素ｍＲＮＡ表达增加;ＰＴＨ能够促进３Ｈ－脯氨酸参入新生小鼠颅骨组织,既ＰＴＨ能够骨胶原蛋白合成增加．这些结果提示,ＰＴＨ、ＩＧＦ－Ⅰ在促成骨样细胞ＲＯＳ１７／２．８增殖的同时也促进其分化,表明在成骨细胞的生发成熟过程中,增殖、分化现象相辅相成,相伴而行．     

模拟失重对人成骨样细胞凋亡的影响

为了探讨失重对人成骨样细胞凋亡情况的影响及对相关分子的作用,采用双向多样本回转器模拟失重效应,将培养的人成骨样细胞MG-63随机分为静止对照组、水平旋转对照组和失重实验组(用回转器模拟失重条件),在实验的12 h取细胞用流式细胞仪检测早期凋亡情况,同时检测bcf-2、NF-κB(p65)mRNA和P53的表达.结果显示,在模拟失重12 h时,MG-63细胞表现出一定的早期凋亡趋势,且bcl-2、NF-κB(p65)的表达明显降低,P53表达增加,提示失重可能通过影响这几种凋亡相关因子的表达,启动成骨细胞凋亡,从而破坏骨形成和骨吸收之间的平衡.成骨细胞凋亡的启动可能是航天员骨丢失的原因之一.     

甲状旁腺高血压因子和甲状旁腺素对细胞钙通道的不同作用

1989年Lewanczuk等[1]报道在自发性高血压大鼠（spontaneouslyhvnertensiverat,SHR）的血浆中发现一种具有独特升压效应的高血压因子．通过激活平滑肌细胞膜钙通道,提高细胞内游离钙（[Ca2 ]）水平起作用．随之证明这种循环血中的高血压因子来源于甲状旁腺,故称“甲状旁腺高血压因子（Parathyroidhypertensivefactor,PHF）”[2]。我们经实验研究证明,当给SD（Sprague-Dawley）大鼠注射经透析的SHR血浆后30min其血压开始升高,45min达高峰,60min恢复到注射前水平．同时经透析的血浆可使SD大鼠尾动脉条的细胞45Ca2 摄取增加,其…     

Activation of Maxi-K Channels by Parathyroid Hormone and Prostaglandin E2 in Human Osteoblast Bone Cells

Patch clamp experiments were performed on two human osteosarcoma cell lines (MG-63 and SaOS-2 cells) that show an osteoblasticlike phenotype to identify and characterize the specific K channels present in these cells. In case of MG-63 cells, in the cell-attached patch configuration (CAP) no channel activity was observed in 2 mm Ca Ringer (control condition) at resting potential. In contrast, a maxi-K channel was observed in previously silent CAP upon addition of 50 nm parathyroid hormone (PTH), 5 nm prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) or 0.1 mm dibutyryl cAMP + 1 μm forskolin to the bath solution. However, maxi-K channels were present in excised patches from both stimulated and nonstimulated cells in 50% of total patches tested. A similar K channel was also observed in SaOS-2 cells. Characterization of this maxi-K channel showed that in symmetrical solutions (140 mm K) the channel has a conductance of 246 ± 4.5 pS (n = 7 patches) and, when Na was added to the bath solution, the permeability ratio (P_K/P_Na) was 10 and 11 for MG-63 and SaOS-2 cells respectively. In excised patches from MG-63 cells, the channel open probability (P _o ) is both voltage- (channel opening with depolarization) and Ca-dependent; the presence of Ca shifts the P _o vs. voltage curve toward negative membrane potential. Direct modulation of this maxi-K channel via protein kinase A (PKA) is very unlikely since in excised patches the activity of this channel is not sensitive to the addition of 1 mm ATP + 20 U/ml catalytic subunit of PKA. We next evaluated the possibility that PGE₂ or PTH stimulated the channel through a rise in intracellular calcium. First, calcium uptake (⁴⁵Ca⁺⁺) by MG-63 cells was stimulated in the presence of PTH and PGE₂, an effect inhibited by Nitrendipine (10 μm). Second, whereas PGE₂ stimulated the calcium-activated maxi-K channel in 2 mm Ca Ringer in 60% of patches studied, in Ca-free Ringer bath solution, PGE₂ did not open any channels (n = 10 patches) nor did cAMP + forskolin (n = 3 patches), although K channels were present under the patch upon excision. In addition, in the presence of 2 mm Ca Ringer and 10 μm Nitrendipine in CAP configuration, PGE₂ (n = 5 patches) and cAMP + forskolin (n = 2 patches) failed to open K channels present under the patch. As channel activation by phosphorylation with the catalytic subunit of PKA was not observed, and Nitrendipine addition to the bath or the absence of calcium prevented the opening of this channel, it is concluded that activation of this channel by PTH, PGE₂ or dibutyryl cAMP + forskolin is due to an increase in intracellular calcium concentration via Ca influx. Received: 17 September 1995/Revised: 7 December 1995     

甲状旁腺激素及血清钙水平与脓毒症患者病情严重程度和预后的关系

目的:探究甲状旁腺激素(PTH)及血清钙(Ca)水平与脓毒症患者病情严重程度和预后的关系。方法:选取2010年9月至2014年2月我收治的80例脓毒症患者,根据存活情况分为存活组(38例)和死亡组(42例),根据血Ca水平分为正常血钙组(32例)和低血钙组(48例)。检测患者PTH、Ca水平,采用急性生理和慢性健康评分(APACHE II)评价患者病情严重程度,分析APACHEⅡ评分与PTH、Ca水平的相关性,以及Ca水平与预后的关系。结果:生存组PTH水平及APACHE Ⅱ评分均低于死亡组,血Ca水平高于死亡组,差异均统计学意义(P0.05);APACHEⅡ评分与血Ca呈负相关(r=-0.581,P0.05),与PTH水平呈明显正相关(r=0.423,P0.05);正常血钙组治疗后死亡率为25.00%(8/32),低于低血钙组的66.67%(32/48),差异有统计学意义(x2=13.333,P0.05)。结论:PTH及Ca水平与脓毒血症患者病情严重程度有显著关系,低血Ca提示患者预后差。     

甲状旁腺素相关蛋白及其临床意义

甲状旁腺素相关蛋白及其临床意义张莉王学卢圣栋（审阅）＊（中国科学院微生物研究所,北京１０００８０）（＊中国医学科学院基础医学研究所,北京１００００５）甲状旁腺素相关蛋白（ＰａｒａｔｈｙｒｏｉｄＨｏｒ－ｍｏｎｅ－ＲｅｌａｔｅｄＰｒｏｔｅｉｎ,ＰＴＨｒＰ）最早发现于恶性肿瘤致体液性高钙血症（ＨｕｍｏｒａｌＨｙｐｅｒｃａｌ－ｃｅｍｉａｏｆＭａｌｉｇｎａｎｃｙ,ＨＨＭ）患者的血浆中［１］,具有与甲状...     

The Distribution and Neurochemistry of the Parathyroid Hormone 2 Receptor in the Rat Hypothalamus

This study reports the distribution of parathyroid hormone 2 receptor (PTH2R)-immunoreactive fibers in the hypothalamus using fluorescent amplification immunocytochemistry. The pattern of immunolabeling is strikingly similar to that of tuberoinfundibular peptide of 39 residues (TIP39), a peptide recently purified from bovine hypothalamus and proposed to be a ligand of the PTH2R based on pharmacological data. To investigate the anatomical basis of suggestions that TIP39 affects the secretion of several hypophysiotropic hormones we performed double-labeling studies and found that only somatostatin fibers contain PTH2R in the median eminence, which suggests that somatostatin release could be directly regulated via the PTH2R. However, several hypothalamic nuclei projecting to the median eminence contain a high density of both TIP39 and PTH2R fibers and terminals. We report here, that the PTH2R terminals also contain vesicular glutamate transporter−2, and suggest that TIP39 terminals are ideally positioned to modulate glutamatergic influences on hypophysiotropic neurons.Special Issue Dedicated to Miklós Palkovits.     

甲状旁腺素相关蛋白cDNA的克隆及其在大肠杆菌中的表达

采用ＲＴＰＣＲ方法从中国人肾癌细胞株中克隆到甲状旁腺素相关蛋白（Ｐａｒａｔｈｙｒｏｉｄｈｏｒｍｎｏｅｒｅｌａｔｅｄｐｒｏｔｅｉｎ,ＰＴＨｒＰ）ｃＤＮＡ,其核苷酸序列与国外发表资料相比,有６个核苷酸不同,其中仅９２位密码子的不同导致氨基酸变异,即由脯氨酸变为丝氨酸。将克隆的ＰＴＨｒＰｃＤＮＡ插到原核表达载体ｐＥＴ３ａ的Ｔ７噬菌体启动子下游,转化大肠杆菌后得到高效表达,并经Ｗｅｓｔｅｒｎｂｌｏｔ和生物学活性检测对表达产物作了鉴定。