A real-time and dynamic biological information retrieval and analysis system (BIRAS)

The aim of this study is to design a biological information retrieval and analysis system (BIRAS) based on the Internet. Using the specific network protocol, BIRAS system could send and receive information from the Entrez search and retrieval system maintained by National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) in USA. The literatures, nucleotide sequence, protein sequences, and other resources according to the user-defined term could then be retrieved and sent to the user by pop up message or by E-mail informing automatically using BIRAS system. All the information retrieving and analyzing processes are done in real-time. As a robust system for intelligently and dynamically retrieving and analyzing on the user-defined information, it is believed that BIRAS would be extensively used to retrieve specific information from large amount of biological databases in now days. The program is available on request from the corresponding author.     

Instructions for Authors

<正>Aims and scope SCIENCE CHINA Life Sciences(Sci China Life Sci)is a journal supervised by the Chinese Academy of Sciences,and co-sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and National Natural Science Foundation of China.It is published monthly in English by Science     

Instructions for Authors

<正>Aims and scope SCIENCE CHINA Life Sciences(Sci China Life Sci)is a journal supervised by the Chinese Academy of Sciences,and co-sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and National Natural Science Foundation of China.It is published monthly in English by Science     

Instructions for Authors

<正>Aims and scope SCIENCE CHINA Life Sciences(Sci China Life Sci)is a journal supervised by the Chinese Academy of Sciences,and co-sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and National Natural Science Foundation of China.It is published in both printed and electronic forms by Science China Press and Springer.     

Instructions for Authors

<正>Aims and scope SCIENCE CHINA Life Sciences(Sci China Life Sci)is a journal published monthly in English by the Chinese Academy of Sciences,and co-sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.It is published in both printed and electronic forms by Science China Press and Springer.     

Instructions for Authors

正Aims and scope SCIENCE CHINA Life Sciences(Sci China Life Sci)is a journal supervised by the Chinese Academy of Sciences,and co-sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and National Natural Science Foundation of China.It is published monthly in English by Science China Press and Springer.The journal is indexed/abstracted in SCI,Pub Med,MEDLINE,BIOSIS,CA,etc.     

Instructions for Authors

正Aims and scope SCIENCE CHINA Life Sciences(Sci China Life Sci)is a journal supervised by the Chinese Academy of Sciences,and co-sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and National Natural Science Foundation of China.It is published monthly in English by Science China Press and Springer.The journal is indexed/abstracted in SCI,Pub Med,MEDLINE,BIOSIS,CA,etc.     

Instructions for Authors

<正>Aims and scope SCIENCE CHINA Life Sciences(Sci China Life Sci)is a journal supervised by the Chinese Academy of Sciences,and co-sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and National Natural Science Foundation of China.It is published monthly in English by Science China Press and Springer.The journal is indexed/abstracted in SCI,Pub Med,MEDLINE,BIOSIS,CA,etc.     

Instructions for Authors

正Aims and scope SCIENCE CHINA Life Sciences(Sci China Life Sci)is a journal supervised by the Chinese Academy of Sciences,co-sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and National Natural Science Foundation of China,and in collaboration with Chinese Biological Investigators Society.It is published monthly in English by Science China Press and Springer.The journal is indexed/abstracted in SCI,PubMed,     

Instructions for Authors

<正>Aims and scope SCIENCE CHINA Life Sciences(Sci China Life Sci)is a journal supervised by the Chinese Academy of Sciences,and co-sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and National Natural Science Foundation of China.It is published monthly in English by Science China Press and Springer.The journal is indexed/abstracted in SCI,Pub Med,MEDLINE,BIOSIS,CA,etc.     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.