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1.
生物转化酶类基因多态性与肿瘤易感性   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
肿瘤易感性一直是肿瘤研究的重要课题,而生物转化酶类的细胞色素P450(CYP450)和谷胱甘肽转硫酶(GST)等由于其对环境致癌物的生物转化作用决定了个体对肿瘤的易感程度。通过介绍其中的CYP1A1,CYP2D6,CYP2E1,GSTM1和GSTT1等的基因多态性及其与机体易患肿瘤的关系,揭示了生物转化酶基因多态性在肿瘤易感性中的作用,国内外的研究结果表明,CYP1A1基因多态性与肺癌的发生,CYP2E1基因多态性与食管癌的易感性均密切相关,GSP的基因多态性虽然与多种肿瘤的易感性有关联但研究结果有的互相矛盾,提示机体肿瘤发生机理的复杂性,由于环境致癌物在体内需经一系列的生物转化而产生生物学效应,因而生物转化酶类基因多态性的联合作用在肿瘤的易感中显得尤为重要。  相似文献   

2.
低氧诱导因子-1(HIF-1)是参与调节机体氧平衡的重要转录因子,HIF-1α是其主要的氧调节亚基和功能亚基,体内HIF-1α的水平直接影响着肿瘤的易感性。简要介绍了HIF-1α的生物学功能,并对近年来HIF-1α基因多态性与肿瘤易感性的研究进展进行了回顾。  相似文献   

3.
细胞色素P4501B1基因多态性与乳腺癌易感性研究进展   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
细胞色素P450(cytochrome,CYP)1B1是P450超基因家族酶系的一个重要成员,广泛分布于肝外组织,其代谢受到外源性致癌物、雌激素等多种因素的调控。该基因存在遗传多态性,艮前已对CYP1B1基因多态性与乳腺癌易感性进行了多项研究。本文就CYP1B1基因的多态性、调控机制及其与乳腺癌的关系进行了综述。  相似文献   

4.
鱼类细胞色素P450 1A(CYP1A)基因作为一种有效的生物标志物已被广泛应用于环境污染物的评价,唐鱼在水环境污染监测中有较好的应用优势,为建立唐鱼在水环境的检测的有效生物标志物方法,本研究对其CYP1A基因进行克隆。利用RT-PCR法扩增出一条651bp的唐鱼CYP1A基因cDNA片段,该片段与其他物种的CYP1A基因具有很高的相似性。在此基础上进行5'端扩增和3'RACE获得了唐鱼CYP1A基因的全长cDNA序列,其长度为2177bp,其中编码区长1566bp,编码521个氨基酸残基组成的蛋白质,推测该蛋白质分子量大小为58.5kDa,理论等电点为5.65。所得序列具有CYP1A分子的主要特征和功能域,包括亚铁血红素结合区、酶功能所需的精氨酸密码子和终止密码子。推导出的氨基酸序列与斑马鱼、底鳉、虹鳟、大西洋鳕、人、鼠等脊椎动物同源性分别为87.7%、70.1%、76.2%、62.2%、54.5%、55.7%。  相似文献   

5.
大肠癌遗传易感性与单核苷酸多态性(SNP)的关系是近年来研究的热点。研究发现COX2,MTHFR等代谢相关基因的某些SNP与大肠癌的发病风险相关,其中携带COX29850G-10335A单倍型的个体可显著增加患大肠癌的风险。MMP家族是调控大肠癌侵袭转移的重要基因,MMP7-181G等位型频率可显著增加大肠癌淋巴结转移风险。进一步寻找大肠癌特异性SNP,对筛选大肠癌高危人群,预估发病风险,具有重要意义。  相似文献   

6.
肿瘤遗传易感性的研究进展   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
胡楠HU  Nan 《遗传》1993,15(1):36-40
1981年,Doll和Peto在给美国国会的报告中明确指出,在引起肿瘤发生的原因中有80%来自环境因素.这份报告被广泛接受,并对肿瘤流行病学的研究产生了重要的指导作用。十年来,肿瘤病因的研究集中在环境因素方面,忽略了遗传因素以及遗传-环境因素的相互作用。由此产生的肿瘤预防策略亦就局限在改善环境上。然而这种预防策略并没有产生所期待的结果,并引发了一系列争论。与此同时,遗传学领域逐渐认识到单纯由遗传因素  相似文献   

7.
细胞色素P450(cytochrome P450,CYP450)在人体药物代谢过程中起着非常重要的作用并参与代谢80%以上的临床药物。由于CYP450在不同种族和不同人群中存在基因多态性,从而造成药物反应的个体差异,一度成为药物基因组学研究的热点。通过查阅国外相关文献,综述了近年来关于CYP1A2、CYP2C9、CYP2C19、CYP2D6和CYP3A4五种主要的药物代谢酶的基因多态性和药物代谢的研究进展,为临床指导个体化用药、避免药物不良反应和新药研发提供科学参考依据。  相似文献   

8.
目的:应用一种新的高通量SNP检测方法-双色荧光杂交芯片技术检测CYPIA1 MspI基因多态性。方法:收集江苏汉族人群原发性肺癌患者75例和相应对照77例,应用双色荧光杂交芯片技术检测了152例样本的CYPIAI基因MspI基因多态性,并应用PCR-RFLP技术验证双色荧光杂交芯片的特异性。结果:152例样本的CYPIAI基因双色荧光杂交芯片技术分型结果与PCR-RFLP结果完全相符,两种方法的基因型分型结果具有很好的一致性。结论:双色荧光杂交芯片技术是一个高通量SNP检测的良好工具,特异性高,在大规模人群SNP筛检中具有良好的发展前案。  相似文献   

9.
王喜  张万江 《生物磁学》2009,(14):2766-2768,2727
随着人类基因组计划的完成和功能基因组学的研究的进展,多种结核病候选易感基因被发现,其中人类白细胞抗原(HLA)基因是主要的候选基因之一。HLA基因作为人类最复杂、最具多态性的遗传系统,其功能涉及到机体免疫的各个方面,不同个体对疾病易感性的差异在很大程度上是由遗传因素所决定的,因此HLA基因与某些免疫性疾病的相关性已经成为近年来研究的热点,国内外学者对不同种族的人群对结核分枝杆菌感染的易感性做了大量的研究,探讨HLA基因多态性与结核病遗传易感性的关系。本文对这方面的研究进展做一综述。  相似文献   

10.
单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)是人类基因组中最常见的变异形式。作为第三代遗传标记,SNP在基因定位、克隆、遗传多态性方面具有广泛应用,特别是作为基因诊断标记在预防医学中具有十分重要的作用。近年来,随着人类基因组计划的发展,数以百万计的SNP被陆续发现,并可在公共数据库中免费获得。SNP数量的快速增加和SNP检测方法的发展,为其在肿瘤易感性领城的应用提供了可能。在本综述中,我们介绍了几种高通量检测SNP的分析方法,总结了大规模SNP分析技术在肿瘤易感性中的应用,介绍了目前人们对于不同人群中的SNP分析、肿瘤易感基因、个体肿瘤易感性的理解,以及研究SNP标记与肿瘤易感性关系时存在的难点。  相似文献   

11.
目的:探讨代谢酶CYP1A1基因MspI位点多态性与新疆汉族人群肺癌遗传易感性之间的相关性.方法:应用聚合酶链式反应(PCR)-限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)技术检测59例新疆汉族肺癌和84例新疆汉族健康人的CYP1A1基因MspI位点多态性分布频率,并分析了CYP1A1基因MspI位点多态性与新疆汉族人群肺癌遗传易感性和患者性别之间的相关性.结果:(1)CYP1A1基因MspI位点3种多态基因型分布频率在两组间比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.682,P=0.035),CC基因型在病例组的分布频率显著高于正常对照组.(2)携带突变CC基因型的个体较携带TT基因型的个体患肺癌的危险性增加(OR=3.759.95%CI=1.228-11.494,P=0.035).(3)男女肺癌患者的CYP1A1基因MspI位点基因型及等位基因频率的差异均无显著性(P>0.05).结论:(1)CC突变基因型可能是新疆汉族人群的肺癌易感因素.(2)CYP1A1基因MspI位点多态性可能与新疆汉族肺癌患者的性别无关.  相似文献   

12.
Deficiency of drug glucuronidation in the cat is one of the major reasons why this animal is highly sensitive to the side effects of drugs. The characterization of cytochrome P450 isoforms belonging to the CYP1A subfamily, which exhibit important drug oxidation activities such as activation of pro-carcinogens, was investigated. Two cDNAs, designated CYP1A-a and CYP1A-b, corresponding to the CYP1A subfamily were obtained from feline liver. CYP1A-a and CYP1A-b cDNAs comprise coding regions of 1554 bp and 1539 bp, and encode predicted amino acid sequences of 517 and 512 residues, respectively. These amino acid sequences contain a heme-binding cysteine and a conserved threonine. The cDNA identities, as well as the predicted amino acid sequences containing six substrate recognition sites, suggest that CYP1A-a and CYP1A-b correspond to CYP1A1 and CYP1A2, respectively. This was confirmed by the kinetic parameters of the arylhydrocarbon hydroxylase and 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase activities of expressed CYPs in yeast AH22 cells and by the tissue distribution of each mRNA. However, theophylline 3-demethylation is believed to be catalyzed by CYP1A1 in cats, based on the high V(max) and low K(m) seen, in contrast to other animals. Because feline CYP1A2 had a higher K(m) for phenacetin O-deethylase activity with acetaminophen, which cannot be conjugated with glucuronic acid due to UDP-glucuronosyltransferase deficiency, it is supposed that the side effects of phenacetin as a result of toxic intermediates are severe and prolonged in cats.  相似文献   

13.
由于外源化合物能诱导鱼类CYPIA(P4501A)的表达,因而它广泛被用作评价水环境污染生物标记物.利用RT-PCR结合RACE技术从大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)肝脏克隆了CYP1A基因全长cDNA序列.经分析,该cDNA的5'末端有175 bp的非翻译区.开放阅读框为1 566 bp,编码521个氨基酸和一个终止密码子,3'末端有857 bp的非翻译区,3'非翻译区有一个多聚腺苷酸信号及两个与mRNA的快速降解有关的AUUUA序列.推测大黄鱼CYP1A的氨基酸序列和欧洲鲈鱼的相似度最高迭89.6%.用RT-PCR检测大黄鱼CYP1A的表达特征发现,在所检测的9个组织中均有表达,以肝脏、消化道、脾脏和肾脏的表达量较高.  相似文献   

14.
以Trizol法分别提取BNF诱导和对照处理草鱼的肝组织总RNA并合成cDNA第一链,以此为模板利用1对ACT特异性引物和(8条)6对CYP1A简并引物进行扩增。结果显示,引物对F0-R0在对照和诱导草鱼中均扩增得到预期ACTcDNA片段,而引物对F4-R4在诱导草鱼中获得预期CYP1A cDNA产物。这两个cDNA片段分别进行克隆、测序和比对,BLAST结果表明草鱼ACTcDNA片段(800 bp)与GenBank中ACT基因(登录号M25013)同源性为99.1%,推导氨基酸序列同源性为99.2%;草鱼CYP1A cDNA片段(439 bp)与鲤鱼同源性最高,为92.5%,推导氨基酸同源性为96.6%。上述序列提交GenBank,获得登录号分别为DQ211096和DQ211095。通过Mega 3.1软件的Neighbor-joining程序对CYP基因的部分cDNA序列和氨基酸序列进行比对分析并绘制进化树,根据CYP1A部分蛋白的系统发育关系,在进化上可以将参与比对的真骨鱼划分为4个主要的分支。  相似文献   

15.
目的巴马香猪是我国具有特色和优势的实验用小型猪资源品系,用于药物评价具有广阔前景。方法 以β-actin作校正,利用TaqMan定量技术对巴马香猪肝、肾、肾上腺、小肠、皮肤、脑、肺、睾丸、前列腺、子宫和卵巢等组织中CYP1A1、2A19和2E1 mRNA的表达水平进行检测,检测结果与报道的人体对应酶CYP1A2、2A6、2E1进行比较。结果巴马香猪CYP1A1、2A19、2E1 mRNA均以肝脏中最高,肝外组织明显较低,并且巴马香猪肝脏CYP1A1、2A19、2E1 mRNA均低于报道的人肝对应酶。结论巴马香猪CYP1A1、2A19、2E1与人体对应酶CYP1A2、2A6、2E1的mRNA组织表达存在一定差异,提示在其作为相应CYP亚型代谢的药物评价时应考虑这种种属差异对实验结果推广到人的影响。  相似文献   

16.
17.
Dehydroepiandrosterone and its sulphate are important factors for vitality, development and functions of the CNS. They were found to be subjects to a series of enzyme-mediated conversions within the rodent CNS. In the present study, we were able to demonstrate for the first time that membrane-associated dehydroepiandrosterone 7alpha-hydroxylase activity occurs within the human brain. The cytochrome P450 enzyme demonstrated a sharp pH optimum between 7.5 and 8.0 and a mean KM value of 5.4 micro m, corresponding with the presence of the oxysterol 7alpha-hydroxylase CYP7B1. Real-time RT-PCR analysis verified high levels of CYP7B1 mRNA expression in the human CNS. The additionally observed conversion of dehydroepiandrosterone via cytosolic 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity could be ascribed to the activity of an enzyme with a broad pH optimum and an undetectably high KM value. Subsequent experiments with cerebral neocortex and subcortical white matter specimens revealed that 7alpha-hydroxylase activity is significantly higher in the cerebral neocortex than in the subcortical white matter (p < 0.0005), whereas in the subcortical white matter, 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity is significantly higher than in the cerebral neocortex (p < 0.0005). No sex differences were observed. In conclusion, the high levels of CYP7B1 mRNA in brain tissue as well as in a variety of other tissues in combination with the ubiquitous presence of 7alpha-hydroxylase activity in the human temporal lobe led us to assume a neuroprotective function of the enzyme such as regulation of the immune response or counteracting the deleterious effects of neurotoxic glucocorticoids, rather than a distinct brain specific function such as neurostimulation or neuromodulation.  相似文献   

18.
    
CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 enzymes metabolize polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to the reactive oxyderivatives. PAHs can induce the activity of both enzymes, which increases its conversion and enhances risk of carcinogenesis. Thus, the inhibition of CYP enzymes is recognized as a cancer chemoprevention strategy. A well‐known group of chemopreventive agents is isothiocyanates, which occur naturally in Brassica vegetables. In this paper, a naturally occurring sulforaphane and its two synthetic analogues isothiocyanate‐2‐oxohexyl and alyssin were investigated. The aim of the study was to determine whether the differences in the isothiocyanate structure change its ability to inhibit CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 activity induced by benzo[a]pyrene in HepG2 and Mcf7 cells. Also a mechanistic study was performed including isothiocyanates' influence on CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 catalytic activity, enzymatic protein level, and AhR translocation. It was shown that both enzymes were significantly induced by benzo[a]pyrene, and isothiocyanates were capable of decreasing the induced activity. The inhibitory properties depend on the types of isothiocyanate and enzyme. In general, CYP1A2 was altered in the more meaningful way than CYP1A1 by isothiocyanates. Sulforaphane exhibited weak inhibitory properties, whereas both analogues were capable of inhibiting BaP‐induced activity with the similar efficacy. The mechanistic study revealed that analogues decreased the CYP1A2 activity via the protein‐level reduction and CYP1A1 directly. The results indicate that isothiocyanates can be considered as potent chemopreventive substances and the change in the sulforaphane structure increases its chemopreventive potency. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 23:18–28, 2009; Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ). DOI 10.1002/jbt.20259  相似文献   

19.
    
Sibutramine is a serotonin–norepine‐phrine reuptake inhibitor that was used for weight‐loss management in obese patients. Even though it was officially withdrawn from the market in 2010, it is still present in some tainted weight‐loss pills (as reported by US Food and Drug Administration). Thus, it is still reasonable to study the effects of this compound. The aim of this work was to investigate the potential of sibutramine to induce CYP1A1/CY3A4 in human cancer cell lines and CYP1A1/2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, and CYP3A4 in human hepatocytes, a competent model of metabolically active cells. The levels of mRNA and protein of CYP1A1/1A2/3A4/2A6/2B6 were compared with the typical inducers, 2,3,7,8‐tetrachlorodibenzo‐p‐dioxin (TCDD) and rifampicin (RIF) for CYP1A1/2 and for other CYPs, respectively. The mRNA and protein levels of all genes in either cancer cell lines or human hepatocytes were induced when treated with typical inducers but not with sibutramine.  相似文献   

20.
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