西藏定日县贡扎上白垩统浮游有孔虫与桑顿阶/坎潘阶界线的厘定

白垩纪是大洋缺氧及生物灭绝等重大地质事件频发的一个时期,也是全球气候变暖的重要时期。因此,白垩纪研究对于探讨地质历史时期地球的系统演化,尤其是生物与环境之间的协同演化关系,具有十分重要的意义。西藏定日贡扎剖面保存着上白垩统较为完整的地层序列,文中对上白垩统岗巴村口组和宗山组剖面岩石样品中获得的有孔虫化石进行研究,鉴定出有孔虫化石8属22种,识别出Dicarinella asymetrica、Globotruncanita elevata、Globotruncana ventricosa、Radotruncana calcarata等4个有孔虫化石带。根据有孔虫化石确定贡扎剖面的地层时代为晚白垩世桑顿期(Santonian)至坎潘期(Campanian),桑顿阶/坎潘阶界线位于Dicarinella asymetrica带与Globotruncanita elevata带之间。     

湘西—鄂西中-晚奥陶世头足类动物群

提要湘西–鄂西地区具有中–晚奥陶世连续过渡、出露良好的地层序列,并产出大量头足类化石。我们选择了位于该地区的湖北宜昌陈家河剖面和湖南桃源茅草铺剖面开展头足类研究工作,采集化石标本1000余块,鉴定出了24属46种。本文描述了其中6个新种,归属于3目3科5属。在中–晚奥陶世头足类动物群研究基础上,本文在湖北宜昌陈家河剖面宝塔组和临湘组自下而上识别出Sinoceras chinense带和Richardsonoceras simplex带两个头足类化石带;在湖南桃源茅草铺剖面牯牛潭组、大田坝组和宝塔组下部识别出4个头足类化石带,自下而上分别是Proterovaginoceras incognitum带、Ancistroceras undulatum带、Cyclolituites带以及Sinoceras chinense带。在此基础上,结合前人已发表的数据,本文厘定了中扬子地区牯牛潭组到宝塔组的5个头足类化石带,自下而上分别是:Proterovaginoceras incognitum带、Meitanoceras–Ancistroceras带、Lituites–Cyclolituites带、...     

藏南江孜所金混杂堆积中灰岩块体里的浮游有孔虫

通过对藏南江孜所金北剖面混杂堆积中灰岩块体的分析,在2块样品中发现了丰富的浮游有孔虫化石。样品SJ-28含5属12种或未定种,包括Contusotruncana fornicata,C.patelliformis,C.plummerae,Globotruncana arca,G.falsostuarti,G.linneiana,G.ventricosa,Globotruncanita atlantica,Gl. sp.,Gl.stuartiformis,Pseudotextularia nuttalli和Muricohedbergella sp.等,指示的地层时代为晚白垩世中坎潘期至晚坎潘期。样品SJ-18发现5属9种或未定种,主要有Contusotruncana fornicata,C.patelliformis,C.plummerae,Globigerinelloides sp.,Globotruncana arca,G.falsostuarti,Globotruncanita sp.,Gl.stuartiformis和Muricohedbergella sp.等种,指示的时代为晚...     

华中西南区一条国际前寒武系与寒武系界线层型补充剖面

1992年,全球前寒武系与寒武系界线层型剖面和层型点确定在加拿大纽芬兰东南幸运角剖面,并以遗迹化石带Trichophycus pedium的底作为前寒武系与寒武系的分界点。但是,幸运角剖面主要是以硅质碎屑岩相为主,难以与含有丰富小壳化石和具有可对比的稳定同位素资料的碳酸盐相界线剖面进行对比。为此,提出我国云南会泽大海附近的一条以碳酸盐相为主的剖面作为全球前寒武系与寒武系界线层型剖面的补充剖面。理由是（1）在大海剖面上,震旦系灯影组白岩哨段、待补段和下寒武统牛家菁组的中谊村段,大海段之间为整合接触;（2）早寒武世早期地层单元含有丰富的小壳化石并且可划分出4个小壳化石组合带;（3）利用碳同位素资料可以将大海剖面与许多其它剖面相当地层对比;（4）著名的梅树村剖面离大海剖面不远,它们均含有丰富的小壳化石和遗迹化石,两者易于对比。文章进一步认为寒武系的下界放在第I小壳化石组合带（Anabarites trisulcatus-Protohertzina anabarica）的底,相当于大海剖面11层的底。     

西藏南部岗巴地区白垩纪中期钙质超微化石带和Cenomanian-Turonian界线

我国西藏南部海相白垩系含有较丰富的钙质超微化石。文中着重研究岗巴地区两个剖面 (即剖面A ,B)Albian Santonian钙质超微化石的分布。根据标志种的存在 ,识别出 5个初现面事件 ,相应地建立 6个钙质超微化石带 ,自下至上是Prediscosphaeracretacea带 ,Eiffellithusturriseiffeli带 ,Lithraphiditesacutum带 ,Gartneragoobliquum带 ,Quadrumgartneri带 ,Lucianorhabduscayeuxii带。同时 ,通过洲际对比 ,建议以G .obliquum初现面作为划分本区Cenomanian和Turonian界线的标志。此外 ,Q .gartneri带和I .cayeuxii带之间缺失多个化石带 ,据此推测Turonian至Santonian期间本区可能存在沉积间断。     

新疆柯坪乌尊布拉克地区晚石炭世—早二叠世(筵)类生物地层

据对位于天山南麓、塔里木盆地西北缘新疆乌尊布拉克剖面(筵)类化石的研究,建立5个化石组合带,由下而上依次为Beedeina-Fusulinella组合带、Rauserites postarcticus-Quasifusulina paracompacta组合带、Praepseudofusulina-Carbonosch...     

中国晚石炭世达拉阶标准剖面的(筳)

详细研究达拉阶标准剖面的ting化石,计有14属74种及亚种,其中未定种1种,建立6个ting化石带,自下而上依次为：Profusulinella priscoidea-P．parva带,Profusulinella aljutovica-Taitzehoella taitzehoensis extensa带,Fusulinella obesa-F．eopulchra带,Fusulina lanceolata-Fusulinella vozhgalensis带,Fusulina pakhrPnsis-Pseu-dostaffella paradoxa带及Fusulina cylindrica-F,quasifusulinoides带。标准剖面的达拉阶应与国际地层表中的巴什基尔阶上部和莫斯科阶相当。     

鄂西宜昌黄陵背斜地区寒武纪早期小壳化石新材料*

湖北宜昌地区寒武系下部小壳化石的研究集中于黄陵背斜东翼和南翼, 对西翼地区尚未有详细的报道。 作者在黄陵背斜西翼高岚河剖面灯影组天柱山段下部发现寒武纪纽芬兰世的小壳化石, 既包括扬子板块小壳化石第一生物带标准化石Anabarites trisulcatus, 同时也有Eohalobia diandongensis与Oelandiella korobkovi等第二生物带标志化石, 以及可能为第三生物带或更晚期化石分子的Paragloborilus tenuis等。该化石组合为多生物带的化石混生, 其层位可能相当于峡东地区(黄陵背斜南翼)的岩家河组顶部。在黄陵背斜南翼的滚石坳剖面岩家河组下部发现小壳化石Anabarites ternarius Missarzhevsky in Rozanov et al., 1969、Kaiyangites novilis Qian and Yin, 1984、 海绵骨针和藻类化石, 属于小壳化石第一生物带Anabarites trisulcatus–Protohertzina anabarica组合带。化石组合与沉积记录表明, 高岚河剖面与东翼如泰山庙地区具有相似的潮坪相沉积, 多发沉积间断, 导致不同生物带化石混生; 南翼滚石坳地区水体较深, 早期沉积间断不显著, 可以识别小壳化石第一组合带。上述新化石材料的发现, 为黄陵背斜周缘寒武系下部地层对比与生物古地理分析提供了新的数据。     

鄂西宜昌黄陵背斜地区寒武纪早期小壳化石新材料*

湖北宜昌地区寒武系下部小壳化石的研究集中于黄陵背斜东翼和南翼, 对西翼地区尚未有详细的报道。 作者在黄陵背斜西翼高岚河剖面灯影组天柱山段下部发现寒武纪纽芬兰世的小壳化石, 既包括扬子板块小壳化石第一生物带标准化石Anabarites trisulcatus, 同时也有Eohalobia diandongensis与Oelandiella korobkovi等第二生物带标志化石, 以及可能为第三生物带或更晚期化石分子的Paragloborilus tenuis等。该化石组合为多生物带的化石混生, 其层位可能相当于峡东地区(黄陵背斜南翼)的岩家河组顶部。在黄陵背斜南翼的滚石坳剖面岩家河组下部发现小壳化石Anabarites ternarius Missarzhevsky in Rozanov et al., 1969、Kaiyangites novilis Qian and Yin, 1984、 海绵骨针和藻类化石, 属于小壳化石第一生物带Anabarites trisulcatus–Protohertzina anabarica组合带。化石组合与沉积记录表明, 高岚河剖面与东翼如泰山庙地区具有相似的潮坪相沉积, 多发沉积间断, 导致不同生物带化石混生; 南翼滚石坳地区水体较深, 早期沉积间断不显著, 可以识别小壳化石第一组合带。上述新化石材料的发现, 为黄陵背斜周缘寒武系下部地层对比与生物古地理分析提供了新的数据。     

柴达木盆地第四系介形类化石带与磁性柱

柴达木盆地东部晚上新世－全新世湖相沉积巨厚,无明显间断,微体化石丰富。区内已建厚度超过２０００ｍ的第四系磁性柱中,记录了布容、松山和高斯极性时带。由于有剖面上部的同位素测年数据和剖面中、下部的介形类化石带序列的对比成果配合验证,布容、松山极性时下限的确定和布拉克、莫纳、琵琶湖、奥尔杜威、马默思等亚极性时的鉴别依据充足可信。据此极性年表标定的晚上新世－第四纪介形类化石带序列中１２个标准化石的时限得以识别。古生态研究与壳体元素分析的资料表明,始见于距今３０５万年的Ｍｉｃｒｏｌｉｍｎｏｃｙｔｈｅｒｅｓｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ指示低温水体,该化石带的出现标志着中新世以来柴达木盆地古气候的首次明显变冷。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.