黄毒蛾属新种记述(鳞翅目:毒蛾科)

本文记述采自我国华南和西南地区的黄毒蛾属Euproctis Hǖbner十二个新种。新种模式标本保存于中国科学院动物研究所。 双波带黄毒蛾Euproctis bisinuata新种 触角干浅黄色,栉齿棕黄色;下唇须浅黄色,外侧暗褐色,下唇须下面有浅棕色毛;头部和胸部鲜黄色;腹部基部浅黄色,其余部分暗褐色,略带灰色;肛毛簇深橙黄色;胸部下面浅黄色,腹部下面深橙黄色;足浅黄色,外侧被黄色长毛,前足腿节和胫节内侧深橙黄     

黄毒蛾属二新种(鳞翅目:毒蛾科)

本文记述黄毒蛾属(Euproctis Hbner,1816)二新种。模式标本保存于中国科学院动物研究所。 白霜黄毒蛾Euproctis dealbata新种 本新种与茶黄毒蛾(Euproctis pseudoconspersa Strand)相似,但不同存于前翅黄黑棕色,无橙黄色顶斑和臀斑,翅面被白色鳞片,内线呈肘状弯曲,外线向内倾斜;而后者前翅棕褐色,顶角和臀角具橙黄色斑,顶角黄斑内具二黑点,翅面无白色鳞片,内线呈弓样弯曲,外线呈肘状弯曲。雄性外生殖器完全不同(如钩形突简单,呈长钩状,瓣复杂,分裂成两侧突)(见图1)。     

PBAN对亚洲玉米螟(Ostrinia furnacalis)性外激素生物合成路线的控制(英)

去头处理致使亚洲玉米螟性外激素的含量显著地下降到很低的水平。注射雄性或雌性玉米螟头部提取物或合成PBAN(激活外激素生物合成神经肽)可使外激素的含量得以恢复。因此可知玉米螟外激素的产生系受一种类PBAN因子控制。玉米螟性外激素生物合成路线由棕榈酸的生物合成开始,然后经14位脱饱和化,碳链缩短,还原和乙酰化形成外激素顺和反12—十四碳烯乙酸酯。为了阐明受PBAN控制的生物合成步骤,研究了不同的标记前体掺入外激素及其中间体的情况。根据结果推论,PBAN主要通过调节由乙酸酯到棕榈酸的生物合成步骤来控制外激素生物合成。     

黄毒蛾属五新种记述(鳞翅目:毒蛾科)

本文所记述的五个新种均是属黄毒蛾属(Euproctis)中的白色种类。模式标本保存在中国科学院动物研究所。 1.暗黄毒蛾Euproctis gilva新种 雄蛾触角于浅黄色,栉齿暗棕色。下唇须浅黄色,上面混有暗棕色鳞片。头部浅黄色,触角附近白色。胸部浅黄色。腹部白色或白色微带浅黄色,端部几节带浅黄色或带暗黄色,肛毛簇暗黄色。胸部下面白色或白色带浅黄色,腹部下面从浅黄色至暗黄色逐渐加     

柏毒蛾核型多角体病毒的分离鉴定

柏毒蛾核型多角体病毒的分离鉴定李崇荣,彭辉银,周显明,陈新文,谢天恩（贵州省铜仁地区林科所,铜仁５５４３００）（中国科学院武汉病毒研究所,武汉４３００７１）（贵州省林业科学研究院,贵阳５５００１１）关键词柏毒蛾,核型多角体病毒柏毒蛾（Ｐａｒｏｃｅｎｅ...     

梨小食心虫性外激素的合成与活性

梨小食心虫[Grapholitha molesta(Busck)],又名东方果蛾,是一种世界性的果树害虫,主要为害梨、桃、李、杏和苹果。 1969年,Roelofs等报告,梨小食心虫性外激素的主要成份是顺-8-十二碳烯醋酸酯。后来又发现在这种人工合成的性外激素中加入少量反式异构体,能显著地提高诱蛾效力。 1975年5月,我们合成了梨小食心虫性外激素,并从6月至9月在北京地区进行了田间试验,重点研究了诱蛾活性与顺、反异构体比例的关系,也对性外激素与糖醋水的诱蛾效果,以及粘胶诱捕器与水瓶诱捕器的诱蛾效果等进行了比较。现将试验的初步结果整理如下。     

弯曲菌属(Campylobacter)的分离和鉴定

弯曲菌属细菌、最初只在兽医学领域中被注目。但是,近30年来,进行了许多研究,很明显,它们对人类也是重要的病原菌。除引起流产外,也能造成心内膜炎、髓膜炎、败血症、血栓静脉炎等全身性疾病,以及成人和人小儿的急性胃肠炎。这里。仅就人类弯曲菌病的主要菌种的检查法,作一叙述。     

马尾松毛虫性外激素的新成分:化学结构鉴定和田间试验

马尾松毛虫 Dendrolimus punctatus 性外激素由顺5,反7-十二碳二烯醇(Z5,E7-12:OH)、顺5,反7-十二碳二烯乙酸酯 Z5,E7-12:Ac和顺5,反7-十二碳二烯丙酸酯(Z5,E7-12:Pr)构成。为了确定马尾松毛虫性外激素系统是否含有其它成分,我们对外激素腺体提取物进行分析,以此为基础通过田间诱蛾试验发现了某些增加诱蛾活性的新成分。     

马尾松毛虫性引诱外激素活性组分的柱层析分离

通过低温沉淀,去除马尾松毛虫性外激素粗提油的非活性杂质,将所得的活性上清油分别用葡聚糖凝胶柱和硅胶柱进行柱层析。用触角电位(EAG)技术和林间生物测定方法鉴定柱层析馏份的活性,同时对这些馏份进行了硅胶薄层层析分析。实验结果表明,马尾松毛虫性外激素系统可能是多组分的,最少包括两种成份,其一极性较强,另一则较弱。前者可能具有醇的功能团,因为粗提油皂化后,无论是EAG检测或是林间生物测定都证明具有活性。     

ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION AND SYNTHESIS OF THE FEMALE SEX PHEROMONE OF THE TEA TUSSOCK MOTH, EUPROCTIS PSEUDOCONSPERSA (LEPIDOPTERA: LYMANTRIDAE)

Abstract The sex attractant pheromone of the tea tussock moth, a serious economic pest of tea plantations in southern China, has been identified as 10,14-dimethylpentadecyl isobutyrate. A synthesis of the racemic form of the pheromone was developed, and traps baited with the synthetic compound at doses of 40–1000 micrograms captured male moths. The synthetic pheromone was as effective as a trap bait as, virgin female moths, or extracts of female moths.     

IDENTIFICATION OF MINOR COMPONENTS OF THE SEX PHEROMONE OF YELLOW PEACH MOTH DICHOROCIS PUNCTIFEEALIS GUENÉE AND FIELD TRIALS

Abstract  Along with the major component, (E1–10–hexadecenal (E10–16: Al,), two minor components, (Z)-10-hexadecenal(Z10-l6:Aid) and hexadecanal (16: Ald) were identified as components of the sex pheromone of Dichocrocis punctiferalis Guenee. Analysis of single sex pheromone gland extracts by capillary gas chromatography indicated that the relative ratio of 16:Ald, E10–16:Ald_t and 210–16:Ald was equal to 13. 0:80. 4:6. 6 respectively. Field trails indicated that 210–16: Ald and 16: Aid alone caught no males. The most attractive was a blend containing 16: Ald, E10–16:Ald, and 210–16: Ald at a ratio of 16:100:8, and a two-compound blend of E10–16:Ald and 210–16:Ald at a ratio of 100:8.     

马尾松毛虫雄蛾触角毛状感受器的细微结构

马尾松毛虫Ｄｅｎｄｒｏｌｉｍｕｓｐｕｎｃｔａｔｕｓ（Ｗａｌｋｅｒ）雄蛾有一对羽毛状触角。在触角鞭节的每对侧枝的内侧（迎风面）着生许多毛状感受器。每个毛状感受器由几丁质表皮毛及位于其下的三个感觉神经原和三个呈同心排列的辅助细胞──鞘原细胞、毛原细胞和膜原细胞构成。几丁质表皮毛上有许多孔。毛腔内充满感受器淋巴液。感觉神经原发出的树状突伸入毛腔,浸浴于感受器淋巴液内。这些结构特征表明它是一种司嗅觉的化学感受器。雄蛾终生不取食,推断它的嗅觉感受器主要用以感受雌蛾释放的性外激素,帮助寻找配偶     

BEHAVIOURAL EFFECT OF VARIOUS BINARY AND TERNARY SEX PHEROMONE BLENDS ON THE ASIAN CORN BORER (OSTRINZA FURNACALZS)

Abstract The response of individual male Asian corn borer moth was observed in a wind tunnel to various binary and ternary blends and dosages of synthetic sex pheromones, tetradecyl acetate. (E)-12-te-tradecenyl acetate and (Z)-12-tetradecenyl acetate. Lures containing two components (Z+E) blends elicit the highest behavioral responses at ratios in the scope of 37. 5% E to 62. 5% E and there was no significant difference in this scope according to source contact step. The highest responses to the lures of three components are observed at ratio 1 ^: 5 ^: 4 (14 ^: Ac/Z/E), which have no significant difference to the best lures of two components. But dose-response shows that the ternary blend has a wider response scope than the binary blend. The ternary blend can elicit behavioral response at dosage even as low as Ing, but the binary blend can not at the same dosage. The highest response scope is 100 to 1 000 ng for the binary blend and 100 to 10 000 ng for the ternary blend.     

不同剂量和比例的性信息素对亚洲玉米螟雄蛾的行为作用(英文)

在风洞中观察了亚洲玉米螟雄蛾对不同剂量不同比例的二组份及三组份的人工合成性信息素（１４：ｏＡｃ, Ｅ－１２－１４： ｏＡｃ和 Ｚ－１２－１４：ｏＡｃ）的行为反应。 Ｚ－１２－１４： ｏＡｃ＋Ｅ－１２－１４： ｏＡｃ 二组份诱芯中以比例为３７．５％Ｅ到６２．５％Ｅ之间的诱芯效果最好,有７１％－７８％的雄蛾到达诱芯。三组份诱芯中以工４：Ａｃ： Ｚ－１２－１４： ｏＡｃ： Ｅ－１２－１４： ｏＡｃ＝１： ５： ４的效果最好,雄蛾到达诱芯的百分率（７１％）与二组份诱芯相比无显著差异。但是剂量反应实验显示三组份诱芯的有效剂量范围比二组份诱芯宽,二组分诱芯及三组份诱芯在风洞试验中的最佳剂量范围分别为 １００ｎｇ到 １０００ｎｇ和 １００ ｎｇ到 １０ ０００ｎｇ。低剂量的情况下三组份的诱芯效果要好于二组份诱芯。三组份诱芯对于低到 １ｎｇ的剂量仍能引起 １０％的雄蛾到达诱芯,而在此剂量下二组份诱芯不能引起定向及其以后的各步行为反应。     

SEX PHEROMONE COMPONENTS OF THE OREIENTAL TOBACCO BUDWORM, HELICOVERPA ASSULTA GUENÉE: IDENTIFICATION AND FIELD TRIALS

Abstract  The sex pheromone gland extracts of the Oriental tobacco budworm, Helicover assulta Guenée, collected from North China in Beijing area, were analyzed by capillary gas chromatograph(GC) and 6 components from the extracts were identified by capillary GC—MS as hexadecanal (16:Ald), (Z)9-hexadecenal (Z9–16:Ald), (Z)-11-hexadecenal (Z11–16:Ald), (Z)-9-hexadecen-1-ol (Z9–16:OH), Z11-hexadecen-1-ol (Z11–16:OH), Z-9-hexadecenylacetate (Z9–16:OAc) at a ratio of 10. 9: 58. 7: 3. 9: 14. 7: 1.1: 10. 7. Field studies indicated that an optimum blend of Z9–16:Ald and Z11–16:Ald was 100: 7. Addition of 16: Ald or Z9–16:Ac to the two aldehyde blend showed no significant effect on attractiveness. However presence of Z9–16:OH in the blends significantly reduced male captures.     

EVIDENCE FOR BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF TWO FURTHER ALCOHOLS IN THE SEX PHEROMONE OF FEMALE CYDIA POMONELLA (L.) (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

Abstract
The behaviour in laboratory bioassays of male codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), when presented with various mixtures of ( E, E )-8, 10-dodecadienol and the 2 saturated alcohols, dodecanol and tetradeconol, shows that the presence of all 3 compounds is necessary in order to obtain a response equivalent to that elicited by the natural pheromone.     

苹果蠹蛾幼虫和蛹寄生蜂种类

本文记录了迄今已知的苹果蠹蛾幼虫和蛹寄生蜂43种及其分布,其中包括在中国新疆新发现的5种.     

黄基歧角螟雌雄异形现象及其雌性的发现(鳞翅目,螟蛾科)

黄基歧角螟Endotricha luteobasalis Caradja,1935广泛分布在我国南部,自发表以来未见雌性报道。本文依据采自浙江、贵州、广西和四川等四省的113只标本(其中82只为雌性)证明该种为雌雄异形种,首次报道黄基歧角螟的雌性个体,比较了雌雄外形差异,提供了成虫和雌雄性外生殖器特征图。研究标本(除指明的外)保存于南开大学生命科学学院昆虫标本室。