强啡肽A1—13对谷氨酸诱导的大鼠C6胶质瘤细胞肿胀的影响

目的和方法：探讨脑水肿发病的细胞机制,采用[^3H]OMG摄取的方法测定细胞含水量,观察DynA对谷氨酸诱导的大鼠C6胶质瘤细胞肿胀的影响。结果：①给予0.5,1.0,10.0mmol/L的谷氨酸作用1h均可引起细胞的含水量增加;②DynA可显著降低谷氨酸诱导肿胀的大鼠C6胶质瘤细胞含水量;③κ阿片受体拮抗剂nor-BNI可阻断DynA1-13降低谷氨酸诱导肿胀的大鼠C6胶质瘤细胞含水量的作用。结论：谷氨酸可诱导大鼠C6胶瘤细胞肿胀;DynA1-13可能过激活κ阿片受体抑制谷氨酸诱导的大鼠C6胶质瘤细胞肿胀。     

长期大强度运动对大鼠脑组织神经肽Y、亮氨酸脑啡肽、强啡肽A_(1-13)动态变化的影响

目的和方法：采用ＡＢＣ免疫组织化学法结合图象分析,观察大鼠脑组织神经肽Ｙ、亮氨酸脑啡肽、强啡肽Ａ１１３ 在长期（ 共７ 周）大强度（速度由１５ ｍ／ｍｉｎ 递增至３５ ｍ／ｍｉｎ、运动时间为２０ ～２５ ｍｉｎ／ｄ） 的运动下的变化。结果：安静状态下在丘脑室旁核（ＰＶ） 、下丘脑背内侧核（ＤＭ） 、下丘脑腹内侧核（ＶＭＨ）等核团ＮＰＹ 无显著性变化;在此基础上的末次急性运动结束后３ ｈ ＮＰＹ 变化尤为明显。安静状态下大鼠尾壳核ＬＥＮＫ 下降;而末次急性运动后大鼠下丘脑ＬＥＮＫ 被迅速激活而升高。该强度运动能激活下丘脑ＤＹＮＡ１１３ ,尤以运动结束后３０ ｍｉｎ 最为明显。结论： ＮＰＹ、ＬＥＮＫ、ＤＹＮＡ１１３ 在该强度运动下大鼠不同脑区呈现不同变化趋势     

影响C6大鼠神经胶质瘤细胞表达HSP68的因素分析

为了解各种因素对细胞热休克反应的影响,本文用Western印迹、蛋白水解酶活性电泳(renatured electrophoresis)、密度测定等方法分析了营养、血清、细胞密度等对C_6细胞合成热休克蛋白68(HSP68)量和时间的作用。结果表明,在一定血清浓度范围内(≤30％),培养基含的血清浓度越高,细胞启动HSP68合成的时间越长;营养条件的差异影响HSP68合成的量和时间;不同生长阶段的细胞热休克反应有差异,生长到稳定期的细胞是研究细胞应激反应的较合适材料。     

天津短杆菌T6-13谷氨酸脱氢酶的研究

本文研究了天津短杆菌(Brevibacterium tianjinese)T6-13谷氨酸脱氢酶(GDH)[EC1.4．1．4]的纯化和性质。该酶以辅酶11(NADP)为其专一性辅酶,正、逆反应酶活力最适pH分别为7．5和8．9—9 9,对热较敏感。 该酶对还原型辅酶11(NADPH)、α-酮戊二酸(α-KG)、NH,、NADP和L-谷氨酸(GA)的Km值分别为0．076、3．23、4．0、0．02和120．48 mmol／L。该酶受反应产物的抑制,逆反应受NADPH、α-KG和NH+4的抑制,正反应受NADP和谷氨酸的抑制,但该酶所催化的逆反应既不受三羧酸循环代谢中间产物的抑制,也不受氨基酸的抑制和氨基酸的积累抑制。对发酵过程中谷氨酸脱氢酶活力变化的研究表明,前期酶活力逐渐上升,当发酵至16小时左右酶活力最高,其后酶活力逐渐下降;二级种子的酶活力与发酵过程中酶活力最高时相当。     

大鼠脊髓内甲啡肽、强啡肽A-(1—13)和吗啡在镇痛中的相互加强作用

1.大景以辐射热甩尾法测痛。应用脊髓蛛网膜下腔,连续累加注射法观察药物的镇痛作用。脊髓蛛网膜下腔单独注射甲啡肽100nmol不能提高痛阈,但与吗啡或强啡肽A-(1—13)合用时,可明显加强后者的镇痛作用。 2.脊髓蛛网膜下腔单独注射强啡肽A-(—13)2.5nmol本身无镇痛作用,但与吗啡合用时,却能明显加强吗啡的镇痛作用。 3.本文对连续累加注射法的特点及三类阿片受体及其配基对痛觉的调制作用,进行了讨论。     

Fra-1对大鼠C6胶质瘤细胞侵袭转移能力的影响

目的:观察Fra-1对C6胶质瘤侵袭转移能力的影响。方法:以大鼠C6胶质瘤细胞为研究对象,Fra-1 siRNA通过脂质体转染C6,realtime RT-PCR和western blot法检测C6细胞中Fra-1的表达、Elisa法检测细胞培养上清中MMP-9的含量,Transwell小室观察C6细胞的转移侵袭能力。结果:干扰Fra-l后能降低C6细胞中Fra-1的表达,显著降低C6细胞中MMP-9的含量,降低C6细胞的转移侵袭能力。结论:干扰Fra-1能抑制C6细胞的转移侵袭。     

Fra-1对大鼠C6胶质瘤细胞侵袭转移能力的影响

目的：观察Fra-1对C6胶质瘤侵袭转移能力的影响。方法：以大鼠C6胶质瘤细胞为研究对象,Fra-1siRNA通过脂质体转染C6,realtimeRT-PCR和westernblot法检测C6细胞中Fra-1的表达、Elisa法检测细胞培养上清中MMP一9的含量,Transwell小室观察C6细胞的转移侵袭能力。结果：干扰Fra-1后能降低C6细胞中Fra-1的表达,显著降低C6细胞中MMP-9的含量,降低C6细胞的转移侵袭能力。结论：干扰Fra-1能抑制C6细胞的转移侵袭。     

IL-18基因转染对大鼠C6胶质瘤细胞生长特性的影响

探讨IL-18基因转染对大鼠C6胶质瘤细胞生长特性的影响。用MTT法和流式细胞术检测C6／IL-18细胞和C6细胞的增殖特性和细胞周期分布。免疫细胞化学检测C6／IL-18细胞和C6细胞的增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)、波形蛋白表达。结果显示,与C6细胞相比C6／IL-18细胞的增殖能力降低,G0/G1期细胞增多而G2／M期细胞减少;PCNA、波形蛋白表达降低。研究表明,IL-18基因具有抑制C6胶质瘤细胞增殖、降低其恶性程度的作用。     

腺病毒介导的人ING4基因诱导C6鼠胶质瘤细胞凋亡

目的：研究肿瘤抑制基因人ING4 (inhibitor of growth family, member 4)对C6鼠胶质瘤细胞的促凋亡作用。方法：将携有绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）腺病毒空载体Ad及重组腺病毒Ad-hING4-His（由本科室构建）分别感染C6细胞,RT-PCR法检测hING4的转录,Western-blotting法检测目的蛋白的表达。并观测hING4基因表达对C6胶质瘤细胞的作用,用MTT法绘制生长曲线,计算抑瘤率。再取重组腺病毒Ad-hING4-His及空腺病毒Ad作用后的C6细胞分别行激光共聚焦显微镜观察凋亡小体、透射电镜观察亚细胞结构的变化,抽提基因组DNA行琼脂糖凝胶电泳及流式细胞仪检测。结果： Ad-hING4-His感染C6细胞后,RT-PCR及Western-blotting结果提示有目的基因的转录和表达。hING4基因表达可以显着抑制C6细胞生长。激光共聚焦观察可见明显核断裂、透射电镜可见实验组细胞呈凋亡表现、基因组DNA电泳呈现梯形条带,流式细胞仪检测有明显AP峰,凋亡率达18.1％。结论：hING4可以通过促进细胞凋亡作用而显着抑制C6细胞的增殖和生长。     

基因重组去整合素rAdinbitor对C6神经胶质瘤细胞FAK-Ras/MAPK通路的影响

rAdinbitor为大连医科大学生物化学与分子生物学教研室从旅顺产白眉蝮蛇毒腺中采用克隆技术得到的去整合素．之前研究已证明rAdinbitor具有抑制C6神经胶质瘤细胞增殖、促进C6神经胶质瘤细胞凋亡的作用．rAdinbitor对C6细胞作用的分子机制需要进一步研究．在此研究中,用E. coli BL21/pET23b-adinbitor表达rAdinbitor,通过Ni Sepharose 6 Fast Flow亲和层析柱对rAdinbitor进行纯化,纯化蛋白经Western blotting鉴定．用纤连蛋白(fibronectin,FN)诱导C6细胞．通过免疫沉淀和免疫印迹检测不同浓度的rAdinbitor对FN诱导的C6细胞中黏着斑激酶(FAK)、MEK1/2、Caspase-3的表达以及对FAK、ERK1/2活性的影响．研究表明：各实验组不同浓度的rAdinbitor均能明显降低FAK、MEK1/2的表达,对Caspase-3的表达起促进作用,并对ERK1/2的磷酸化有明显的抑制作用;除10 mg/L rAdinbitor对FAK磷酸化无明显抑制作用外,其余浓度的rAdinbitor对FAK的磷酸化起了明显抑制作用．这说明rAdinbitor对FAK及其下游Ras-MAPK传导通路的抑制在其抑制C6增殖过程中起了重要作用,Caspase-3表达升高提示,rAdinbitor可能通过抑制ILK及其下游的PI-3K/Akt途径起到了促进细胞凋亡的作用.     

氟哌啶醇和（R—）—NPA抑制C6神经胶质瘤细胞的钾电流

本工作用全细胞膜片箝方法,观察了氟啶醇（ｈａｌｏｐｅｒｉｄｏｌ以下简称ＨＡＬＯ）和Ｒ（－）－Ｐｒｏｐｙｌｎｏｒａｐｏｍｏｒｐｈｉｎｅ（以下简称ＮＰＡ）对Ｃ６神经胶质瘤细胞（Ｃ６ｇｌｉｏｍａｃｅｌｌｓ）的电压依赖性钾电流的作用,并初步分析了它们的作用机制。结果表明,ＨＡＬＯ和ＮＰＡ都能抑制Ｃ６细胞的Ｋ＾＋Ｊ电流中的慢成分,而对快成分的作用有所不同。它们的抑制作用不是由多巴胺Ｄ２受体介导的,也不是通过     

加压素片段类似物对C6细胞生长的影响

本文采用显微镜观察和逐个细胞突起长度测量及ＭＴＴ等方法研究了添加肽对无血清培养的Ｃ８细胞生长的影响：在培养早期（９－３６ｈ）,１０＾－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的ＡＶＰ、ＮＬＰＲ或ＺＮＣ（Ｃ）ＰＲ等都能刺激生长;同浓度的ＯＸＴ或ＺＤＣ（Ｃ）ＰＲ在起始时（９－１７ｈ）无明显影响,但稍后（３６ｈ）显示抑制作用。ＭＴＴ染色法分析的结果指出：神经肽促生长作用主要表现在细胞生长前期（１７ｈ）并且是肽浓度依赖的,ＺＮＣ（Ｃ     

脑室注射强啡肽A—（1—13）对肾水钠钾排出的影响及其机制

实验在１２％乙醇麻醉大鼠进行,侧脑室注射强啡肽Ａ－（１－１３）（ＤＹＮ）观察对肾水钠钾排出的影响。注射ＤＹＮ１０μｇ可使大鼠尿量明显增加,尿钠,尿钾浓度降低,但排钠量,排钾量无明显变化。注药后２０ｍｉｎ尿量开始增加,持续１２０ｍｉｎ。侧脑室预先注射纳洛酮（ＮＸ２０μｇ／μｌ）或阿托品（Ａｔｒ１０μｇ／μｌ）均可阻断ＤＹＮ的利尿效应。     

C6神经酰胺能诱导人血管内皮细胞(HUVECs)迅速出现衰老样变化(简报)

神经酰胺是一种神经鞘磷脂类代谢的关键分子,也是一种第二信使分子。它能抑制磷脂酶D的活性,从而抑制细胞周期的进行。神经酰胺参与细胞的分化、凋亡和衰老等多种生理代谢反应。许多细胞因子如:TNF、IL-1、Fas ligands等都能引起神经酰胺水平的升高;神经酰胺作为第二信使执     

Direct determination of the N-acetyl-L-aspartate synthesis rate in the human brain by (13)C MRS and [1-(13)C]glucose infusion

A non-invasive (13)C magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) technique is described for the determination of the N-acetyl-L-aspartate (NAA) synthesis rate, V(NAA), in the human brain in vivo. In controls, the mean V(NAA) was 9.2 +/- 3.9 nmol/min/g. In Canavan disease, where [NAA] is increased (p < 0.001) and [aspartate] is deceased (p < 0.001), V(NAA) was significantly reduced to 3.6 +/- 0.1 nmol/min/g (p < 0.001). These rates are in close agreement with the activity of the biosynthetic enzyme measured in vitro in animals, and with the rate of urinary excretion of NAA in human subjects with Canavan disease. The present result is consistent with the regulation of NAA synthesis by the activity of a single enzyme, L-aspartate-N-acetyltransferase, in vivo, and with its control in Canavan disease by limited substrate supply and/or product inhibition. The (13)C MRS technique provides the means for further determination of abnormal rates of neuronal NAA synthesis among neurological disorders in which low cerebral [NAA] has been identified.     

Time-dependence of the contribution of pyruvate carboxylase versus pyruvate dehydrogenase to rat brain glutamine labelling from [1-(13) C]glucose metabolism

[1-(13) C]glucose metabolism in the rat brain was investigated after intravenous infusion of the labelled substrate. Incorporation of the label into metabolites was analysed by NMR spectroscopy as a function of the infusion time: 10, 20, 30 or 60 min. Specific enrichments in purified mono- and dicarboxylic amino acids were determined from (1) H-observed/(13) C-edited and (13) C-NMR spectroscopy. The relative contribution of pyruvate carboxylase versus pyruvate dehydrogenase (PC/PDH) to amino acid labelling was evaluated from the enrichment difference between either C2 and C3 for Glu and Gln, or C4 and C3 for GABA, respectively. No contribution of pyruvate carboxylase to aspartate, glutamate or GABA labelling was evidenced. The pyruvate carboxylase contribution to glutamine labelling varied with time. PC/PDH decreased from around 80% after 10 min to less than 30% between 20 and 60 min. This was interpreted as reflecting different labelling kinetics of the two glutamine precursor glutamate pools: the astrocytic glutamate and the neuronal glutamate taken up by astrocytes through the glutamate-glutamine cycle. The results are discussed in the light of the possible occurrence of neuronal pyruvate carboxylation. The methods previously used to determine PC/PDH in brain were re-evaluated as regards their capacity to discriminate between astrocytic (via pyruvate carboxylase) and neuronal (via malic enzyme) pyruvate carboxylation.     

Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor in C6BU-1 Glioma Cell Has NMDA Receptor-Ion Channel Complex-Like Properties and Interacts with Serotonin2 Receptor-Stimulated Signal Transduction

Abstract: We found in cultured glioma (C6BU-1) cells that excitatory amino acids (EAAs) such as glutamate, N-methyl-d -aspartate (NMDA), aspartate, and metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist trans-(±)-1-amino-1,3-cyclopentanedicarboxylate caused an increase in the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate formation and the intracellular Ca²⁺ concentration ([Ca²⁺]_i) in the absence of extracellular Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺. Pertussis toxin treatment abolished this glutamate-induced [Ca²⁺]_i increase. Various antagonists against NMDA receptor-ion channel complex, such as Mg²⁺, d -2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate (d -APV), HA-966, and MK-801, also inhibited the increase in [Ca²⁺]_i induced by glutamate. These results indicate that these metabotropic EAA receptors coupled to pertussis toxin-susceptible GTP-binding protein and phospholipase C system in C6BU-1 glioma cells have the pharmacological properties of NMDA receptor-ion channel complexes. We also found that in the presence of Mg²⁺ these metabotropic receptors resemble the NMDA receptor-ion channel complex interacted with 5-hydroxytryptamine₂ (5-HT₂) receptor signaling. EAAs inhibited 5-HT₂ receptor-mediated intracellular Ca²⁺ mobilization and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate formation in a concentration-dependent manner. The inhibitory effect of glutamate was reversed by various NMDA receptor antagonists (d -APV, MK-801, phencyclidine, and HA-966), but l -APV failed to block the inhibitory effect of glutamate. The same result was observed in the absence of extracellular Ca²⁺. In addition, this inhibitory effect on 5-HT₂ receptor-mediated signal transduction was abolished by treatment of C6BU-1 cells with pertussis toxin, whereas 5-HT₂ receptor-mediated [Ca²⁺]_i increase was not abolished by pertussis toxin treatment. We can, therefore, conclude that the inhibitory effect of glutamate is not a result of the influx of Ca²⁺ through the ion channel and that it operates via metabotropic glutamate receptors, having NMDA receptor-ion channel complex-like properties and being coupled with pertussis toxin-sensitive GTP-binding protein and phospholipase C.     

粉被虫草N~6-(2-羟乙基)腺苷高产菌株的原生质体诱变育种

在粉被虫草（CordycepspruinosaPetch）无性型─-粉被马利娅霉（MariannaeaPruinosaLiang）原生质体形成和再生的前期研究基础上,报道了通过原生质体诱变培育高产N6－（2－羟乙基）腺苷菌株的研究结果。粉被马利娅霉Cp－14单孢子株经15W紫外灯照射后,获得一高产突变株MpM－135。经多代移植后,此突变株比出发菌株Cp－14的N6－（2－羟乙基）腺苷含量提高了14．8％。实验还表明,粉被虫草无性型菌丝提取物对枯草杆菌（Bacillussubtilis）抗紫外辐射效果与菌丝所含N6－（2－羟乙基）腺苷含量有正相关性。     

一个枯草杆菌启动子(P_(28-1))对链霉菌分化的影响

亚克隆1.1kb的枯草杆菌启动子P_(28-1)到pUC19上,再亚克隆到以儿茶酚加氧酶为报告基因的链霉菌启动子探测质粒pIJ4083上,构建的重组质粒命名为pIJ4498.用pIJ4498转化天蓝色链霉菌J1501的原生质体,得到了相对于灰色野生型的白色转化子,而用载体pIJ4083转化J1501后得到的转化子是正常的深灰色菌落.经限制性内切酶验证了重组质粒的结构,测定了质粒的稳定性.当pIJ4498转化天蓝色链霉菌的WhiG突变株(C71)后,未观察到任何表型的变化.通过超声波破碎细胞得到的J1501/pIJ4498菌体的蛋白提取液,可使无色的儿茶酚氧化成黄色的2-羟粘糠酸半醛(HMS).而对照株J1501/pIJ4083及C71/pIJ4498菌株的蛋白提取液不能使儿茶酚氧化成黄色的HMS产物.结果表明枯草杆菌的启动子P_(28-1)被天蓝色链霉菌J1501的σ^(whiG) RNA聚合酶所识别,在启动儿茶酚加氧酶报告基因表达的同时,影响了天蓝色链霉菌J1501分化中的孢子形成.