酵母金属硫蛋白对g12细胞抗γ射线损伤的作用

用胞质阻断法微核试验和单细胞凝胶电泳法检测酵母金属硫蛋白（ＢＤ１０１－Ｃｕ－ＭＴ）对＾６０Ｃｏ－γ射线诱发的ｇ１２细胞微核形成和ＤＮＡ链断裂的影响。结果表明１０和５０μｇ／ｍｌ ＤＢ１０１ Ｃｕ－ＭＴ处理,对１或３Ｇｙγ射诱发的双核微核细胞率和１Ｇｙγ射线诱发的彗星细胞频率及核ＤＮＡ迁移距离的增加有明显的抑制作用。提示酵母金属硫蛋白对γ线诱发ｇ１２细胞的遗传损伤有扣抗作用。     

含硫多肽类抗生素那西肽的菌种诱变及产量提高

那西肽（Ｎｏｓｉｈｅｐｔｉｄｅ）产生菌Ｓｔｒｅｐｔｏｍｙｃｅｓ ａｃｔｕｏｓｕｓ Ｚ１１,经ＮＴＧ处理和对Ｃｕ＾２＋,Ｍｎ＾２＋耐受选育,获得突变株Ｚ１５,其可耐受Ｃｕ＾２＋为３００μｇ／ｍｌ,耐Ｍｎ＾２＋１０００μｇ／ｍｌ,产生那西肽可达１５００μｇ／ｍｌ是Ｚ１１活力的１．６倍。     

γ-射线辐射对银杏种子贮藏期间呼吸速率及品质的影响

以贮藏于４℃下的广东南雄产银杏（Ｇｒｉｎｋｇｏ ｂｉｌｏｂａ Ｌ．）种子为材料,去外种皮后用３０００ｒａｄ ＾６０Ｃｏγ－射线照射。结果表明：＾６０Ｃｏγ－射线辐射处理后,明显抑制银杏种子的呼吸速率,延缓种子萌发对呼吸高峰的出现,降低种仁中淀粉酶的活力,减缓淀粉转化为还原糖的速度,但对银杏种仁蛋白质、Ｖｃ含量没有明显的影响。     

酵母金属硫蛋白对g12细胞抗γ射线损伤的作用

用胞质阻断法微核试验和单细胞凝胶电泳法检测酵母金属硫蛋白（ＢＤ１０１Ｃｕ－ＭＴ）对(6０)Ｃｏ－γ射线诱发的ｇ１２细胞微核形成和ＤＮＡ链断裂的影响。结果表明１０和５０μｇ／ｍｌＢＤ１０１Ｃｕ－ＭＴ处理,对１或３Ｇｙγ射线诱发的双核微核细胞率和１Ｇｙγ射线诱发的彗星细胞频率及核ＤＮＡ迁移距离的增加有明显的抑制作用．提示酵母金属硫蛋白对γ射线诱发ｇ１２细胞的遗传损伤有拮抗作用．     

亚硝基胍诱变选育林肯霉素高产菌株

以林肯链霉菌９４７－８（Ｓｔｒｅｐｔｏｍｙｃｅｓｌｉｎｃｏｌｎｅｎｓｉｓ９４７－８）为出发菌株（产林肯霉素９４０γ／ｍｌ）。采用孢子热处理方法处理出发菌株孢子,得到变异株９４７－８ｓ,产林肯霉素１０８０γ／ｍｌ。对９４７－８ｓ菌株进行ＮＴＧ诱变处理,得变异株９４７－８ｘ,产林肯霉素为１２１８γ／ｍｌ,且生产能力稳定。     

几种诱变因子对龟裂链霉菌原生质体的影响

作者应用通电、ＵＶ、ＮＴＧ和亚硫酸氢钠等诱变因子对土霉素产生菌——龟裂链霉菌１３８—ｌ原生质体进行处理。结果表明,各种诱变因子在对原生质体致死率５０％左右时具有较好的诱变效应。经亚硫酸氢钠＋ＬｉＣｌ处理获得的Ｃｌ１８菌株通过１６５００１发酵罐试验,最高发酵水平达３３３３０ｕ／ｍｌ,平均发酵水平为３０５４２．５ｕ／ｍｌ,比出发菌株１３８—１提高２０．６％。     

玉米素对叶绿体耦联因子Mg^2＋—ATPase活力的调节

用２μｇ／ｍｌ玉米素溶液预处理叶绿体或在光活化前于活化液中加入２μｇ／ｍｌ玉米素溶液,观察到玉米素能促进叶绿体膜上耦联因子ＤＴＴ光活化Ｍｇ＾２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ及Ｍｇ＾２＋－ＧＴＰａｓｅ的活力,且对ＧＴＰａｓｅ的促进比例常较ＡＴＰａｓｅ的大些。玉米素对ＯＧ活化可溶性ＣＦ１Ｍｇ＾２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活力同样表现出促进作用。用玉米素预处理ＣＦ１－β亚基（含微量ＣＦ１－α亚基）也观察到它促进ＣＦ１－β亚基催     

氧代赖氨酸抗真菌作用机制的初步研究

氧代赖氨酸对致病真菌类秃发念珠菌的ＭＩＣ为０．８－３．１μｇ／ｍｌ,而两性霉素Ｂ为１．６－３．１μｇ／ｍｌ．氧代赖氨酸高于赖氨酸１０倍浓度,无明显抑制白含珠菌对Ｌｙｓｉｎｅ的吸收。Ｏｘａｌｙｓｉｎｅ０．４ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ对白色念珠菌细胞膜透性,如胞内物于ＵＶ２６０ｎｍ下的吸收物质外泄无明显影响。放射性前体物渗入试验结果指出,Ｏｘａｌｙｓｉｎｅ０．４ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ弱抑制（＾１４Ｃ）－Ｍｅｔｈｉｏｎｉｎ和（     

玉米素对叶绿体耦联因子Mg~（2＋）－ATPase活力的调节

用２μｇ／ｍｌ玉米素溶液预处理叶绿体或在光活化前于活化液中加入２μｇ／ｍｌ玉米素溶液,观察到玉米素能促进叶绿体膜上耦联因子ＤＴＴ光活化Ｍｇ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ及Ｍｇ２＋ＧＴＰａｓｅ的活力．且对ＧＴＰａｓｅ的促进比例常较ＡＴＰａｓｅ的大些。王米素对ＯＧ活化可溶性ＣＦ１Ｍｇ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活力同样表现出促进作用。用玉米素预处理ＣＦ１－β亚基（含微量ＣＦ１－α亚基）也观察到它能促进ＣＦ１－β亚基催化的Ｍｇ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ活力。这些结果表明,玉米素在ＣＦ１上的作用部位至少有一个在β亚基或α．β亚基交界处调节其催化功能的。     

水稻叶片中过氧化氢与核酮糖—1,5—二磷酸羧化酶／加氧酶降解 …

甲基紫精（ＭＶ）处理水稻植株能快速诱导核酮糖－１,５－二磷酸羧化酶／加氧酶（Ｒｒｂｉｓｃｏ,ＥＣ４．１．１．３９）及其它可溶性蛋白的降解。ＭＶ浓度越高,降解速率越高。ＭＶ能诱发叶片内源Ｈ２Ｏ２迅速积累。光合电子传递抑制剂ＤＣＭＵ（１５０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）能显著抑制ＭＶ（１００μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）诱导的Ｒｕｂｉｓｃｏ及其它可溶性蛋白的降解;活性氧清除剂抗坏血酸（５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）、甘露醇（１０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ）、苯     

酯酶试验与聚合酶链反应鉴别中间普氏菌的比较研究

目的 研究脂酶试验和常规生化方法与聚合酶链反应比较在鉴别中间普氏菌Pi中的敏感度和特异度。方法 对207株牙周临床分离的产黑色素G厌氧杆菌分别进行脂酶试验、常规生化法鉴定和16srRNA特异引物PCR鉴定。结果 207株实验菌中PCR鉴定出Pi97株,脂酶试验检测出Pi126株,其中有85株PCR阳性,其敏感度为87．6％,特异度为63．7％。常规生化方法和脂酶试验共同鉴定出Pi80株,其中有55株PCR为阳性,其敏感度为67％,特异度为86．4％。结论 脂酶与常规生化方法对Pi的鉴别能力低于PCR（ P＜0．05）,尚不能作为Pi菌种的可靠鉴定方法。     

根瘤菌可溶性蛋白和酯酶的电泳图谱分析

我们分析行了二十株根瘤菌可溶性蛋白和酯酶的电泳图谱。菌株中14株分离自野大豆的快生型大豆根瘤菌和3株慢生型大豆根瘤菌;另外3株根瘤菌分别分离于苜蓿、豌豆和三叶草。根据它们电泳谱带的Rf值,计算了各根瘤菌可溶性蛋白图谱间的相似性系数。快生型大豆根瘤菌的电泳图谱均不同于慢生型大豆根瘤菌和其他根瘤菌。鉴于各菌株有其独特图谱,以此作为根瘤菌分类和鉴定的依据,是较可靠的方法。     

有机溶剂对脂肪酶LipozymeIM催化活性的影响

脂肪酶LipozYmeIM经有机溶剂浸泡处理后活性显著提高。该文系统地探讨了有机溶剂特性、有机溶剂水含量以及有机溶剂浸泡温度和浸泡时间对LipozymeIM催化活性的影响。发现LipozymeIM经疏水性较强的有机溶剂浸泡处理后活性成倍增长;浸泡的最佳温度为60℃左右;浸泡时间对酶活影响不大;随着有机溶剂水含量的增加,酶活性急剧下降。     

Differential induction, purification and characterization of cold active lipase from Yarrowia lipolytica NCIM 3639

The production, purification and characterization of cold active lipases by Yarrowia lipolytica NCIM 3639 is described. The study presents a new finding of production of cell bound and extracellular lipase activities depending upon the substrate used for growth. The strain produced cell bound and extracellular lipase activity when grown on olive oil and Tween 80, respectively. The organism grew profusely at 20 °C and at initial pH of 5.5, producing maximum extracellular lipase. The purified lipase has a molecular mass of 400 kDa having 20 subunits forming a multimeric native protein. Further the enzyme displayed an optimum pH of 5.0 and optimum temperature of 25 °C. Peptide mass finger printing reveled that some peptides showed homologues sequence (42%) to Yarrowia lipolytica LIP8p. The studies on hydrolysis of racemic lavandulyl acetate revealed that extracellular and cell bound lipases show preference over the opposite antipodes of irregular monoterpene, lavandulyl acetate.     

食性对草鱼消化道发育及三种消化酶活性的影响

草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)是我国主要的淡水养殖经济鱼类之一,其食性随着生长发育而改变,能利用植物性和动物性两类饵料。草鱼幼鱼期食性分为三个阶段:浮游动物食性、食性转变阶段和草食性。草鱼食性在其早期发育中变化很大。动物性饵料,如浮游动物、底栖无脊椎动物是早期生长发育阶段重要的饵料成分;随着草鱼的生长,浮游甲壳动物和摇蚊幼虫则成为较重要     

Burkholderia cepacia lipase: A versatile catalyst in synthesis reactions

The lipase from Burkholderia cepacia, formerly known as Pseudomonas cepacia lipase, is a commercial enzyme in both soluble and immobilized forms widely recognized for its thermal resistance and tolerance to a large number of solvents and short‐chain alcohols. The main applications of this lipase are in transesterification reactions and in the synthesis of drugs (because of the properties mentioned above). This review intends to show the features of this enzyme and some of the most relevant aspects of its use in different synthesis reactions. Also, different immobilization techniques together with the effect of various compounds on lipase activity are presented. This lipase shows important advantages over other lipases, especially in reaction media including solvents or reactions involving short‐chain alcohols.     

Immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase on colloidal gas aphrons (CGAs)

A novel technique for immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase onto anionic colloidal gas aphrons (CGAs) is described. CGAs are spherical microbubbles (10-100 microm) composed of an inner gas core surrounded by a surfactant shell. In this initial study, greater than 80% lipase (w/w) was effectively retained on the CGAs. Leakage of protein from the CGAs and the activity of the adsorbed lipase decreased with increasing enzyme loading; this indicates that multilayers of lipase may be adsorbing onto the CGAs. The CGA-immobilised lipase displayed normal Michaelis-Menten dependence on substrate concentration and also exhibited greater activity than the free enzyme.     

链霉菌Z94-2碱性脂肪酶产生条件及酶学性质

在１５２株脂肪酶产生菌中,链霉菌Ｚ９４－２产脂肪酶活力为５９６ｕ／ｍＬ,其最适培养基（ｇ／Ｌ）为：糊精１０、黄豆饼粉３０、尿素１０、Ｋ２ＨＰＯ４０．５、ＭｇＳＯ４０．５、ＮａＣｌ１和ＡＥＯ９０．５,产酶的最适条件为：初始ｐＨ９．５～１０．０,在２６℃培养４８ｈ。用ＰＶＡ橄榄油乳化系统测定该酶的最适ｐＨ９．８,最适温度３７℃,在ｐＨ８．６～１０．２于５℃存放２４ｈ,酶活力不变。０．１４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的氯     

Synthesis of Several Fructo-oligosaccharides by Asparagus Fructosyltransferases

Nine fructo-oligosaccharides, synthesized in vitro from sucrose by an enzyme preparation from asparagus roots, were isolated and their structures were elucidated to be 1^F (1-β-fructofuranosyl)_n sucrose [n = 1 (1-kestose), 2 (nystose) and 3], 6^G (1-β-fructofuranosyl)_n sucrose [n=1 (neokestose), 2 and 3] and 1^F (1-β-fructofuranosyl)_m-6^G (1-β-fructofuranosyl)_n sucrose [m=1, n=1; m=2, n =1; and m =1, n=2]. These saccharides are all known to occur naturally in asparagus roots, but 6^G (1-β-fructofuranosyl)₃ sucrose and 1^F (1-β-fructofuranosyl)_m-6^G-(1-β-fructofuranosyl)_n sucrose (m=1, n =1; and m=1, n=2) were the first saccharides enzymatically synthesized in vitro. Also three types of fructosyltransferases were presumed to be involved in the biosynthesis of these oligosaccharides in asparagus roots.     

脂肪酶催化有机硅化合物的生物转化

C.cylindracea脂肪酶可催化有机介质中有机硅醇与脂肪酸的酯化反应。微水有机介质比水-水不溶有机介质更有利于酶的反应,有机硅醇是比其碳结构类似物更好的酰基受体。对不同有机硅醇底物,当其空间障碍大时,不利于酶催化酯化反应,对不同脂肪酸底物,有机硅醇未影响该脂肪酶的脂肪酸底物特异性。