共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
大丽轮枝菌分泌糖蛋白的分离及其致萎性研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
利用伴刀豆球蛋白(ConA) 亲和层析、Sephadex G_150 凝胶层析、双向电泳、SDS梯度电泳等手段对大丽轮枝菌(Verticillium dahliae Kleb.)分泌的糖蛋白复合物进行分离,对其中一约26 kD 的组分进行了N 端氨基酸序列分析。以棉花( Gossypium barbadense L.)叶片为材料,进行了糖蛋白致萎性实验。结果表明,沸水浴或ConA 处理的蛋白致萎性消失,Zeatin 使糖蛋白致萎性减弱。该糖蛋白能够诱导海岛棉培养细胞中棉酚等倍半萜的合成,棉酚的积累随着糖蛋白浓度的增加而增加,但到一定程度后下降,此时较高浓度的大丽轮枝菌分泌糖蛋白引起植物细胞死亡 相似文献
3.
Norouzi Kobra Khara Jalil Ghosta Youbert 《Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection》2013,46(10):933-942
The interaction of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus etunicatum, Glomus intraradices, and Glomus versiforme) with a wilt-causing soil-borne pathogen, Verticillium dahliae, was studied in cotton. It was found that establishment by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi reduced disease index. In diseased cotton plants colonised by G. etunicatum, the disease index was less than other diseased mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal ones. In diseased cotton plants, chlorophyll content was lower than others. Three Glomus species significantly increased content of sugar and protein in shoot and root. Pathogen-infected plants had higher proline concentration in shoot and root than healthy plants. On the other hand, the increased content of proline as stress sensor showed that Verticillium accelerates senescence and reduces yield. These results suggest that the beneficial effects of mycorrhiza can alleviate the pathogenesis effects of V. dahliae partly, and also there is a competitive interaction between the pathogenic and symbiotic fungi. 相似文献
4.
Verticillium dahliae Kleb. is a phytopathogenic fungus that causes cotton wilt-disease. Glycoproteins secreted by V. dahliae have been found to play an important role in wilting syndrome. In this study the glycoproteins were purified consecutively by ConA-Sepharose 4B affinity chromatography, Sephadex G-150 gel filtration, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and SDS gradient gel electrophoresis. The N-terminal residual sequence of a 26 kD glycoprotein was analyzed. Plant-wilting tests were carried out by injection of glycoproteins, and those treated by heat, ConA and zeatin, into cotton leaves, respectively. Results showed that heat and ConA treatment abolished the wilt-causing activity of the glycoproteins, and zeatin alleviated the wilt syndrome of cotton. Furthermore, the glycoproteins were found to be effective elicitors in inducing the biosynthesis of sesquiterpene aldehyde phytoalexins in suspension cell cultures of Gossypium barbadense L., and heat-treatment lowered, but not abolished the elicitor activity. However, application of native glycoproteins at the concentration higher than 5 mg/L resulted in cell death. 相似文献
5.
选育和推广抗病品种是防治陆地棉黄萎病的主要措施,为了早日实现多类型、多区域大面积抗病品种的应用,本研究选取107份遗传背景差异较大的种质,利用河北省农林科学院棉花研究所小安舍试验站黄萎病病圃进行了3年黄萎病抗性重复鉴定。鉴定得到抗病品系8个,占7.5%;耐病品种(系)20个,占18.7%。本研究表明,当前被作为育种亲本的抗病品系还太少,需要深入开展抗病遗传机制,以及与其他经济性状协同改良的关系,为陆地棉抗病育种提供理论指导;达到抗病或接近抗病水平的大部分品种(系)来自于海陆野远缘后代,具有外源基因血统,证明了远缘杂交是陆地棉黄萎病抗性改良的有效手段。 相似文献
6.
【背景】2013年11月在甘肃省兰州市皋兰县的日光温室秋冬茬甜瓜种植棚发现黄萎症状的甜瓜植株,病株率约为1%。【目的】明确甜瓜黄萎病的病原。【方法】采用组织分离法进行病原菌分离;通过科赫氏法则(Koch’s法则)明确分出病菌的致病性;采用形态学和分子生物学方法对病原菌进行种类鉴定。【结果】分离得到轮枝菌属真菌8株,轮枝菌属真菌的病株分出率达100%;2个代表性菌株GLTG-2和GLTG-5(显微特征相似但菌落形态和生长速率不同),在温度18-24℃及昼/夜光周期为11.5 h/12.5 h的试验条件下,人工接种可引起甜瓜苗矮化、枯萎;接种后40 d,枯死株率分别为70%和40%;BLASTn分析结果显示,菌株GLTG-2的rDNA-ITS序列与Verticillium dahliae菌株MRHf7的序列相似性达99.78%,菌株GLTG-5的rDNA-ITS序列与V.dahliae菌株MRHf7和Vd414的序列相似性达100.00%。【结论】引起甜瓜黄萎病的病原菌被鉴定为大丽轮枝菌(V. dahliae),这是大丽轮枝菌引起甜瓜黄萎病在我国和亚洲地区的首次报道。 相似文献
7.
The island cotton NBS‐LRR gene GbaNA1 confers resistance to the non‐race 1 Verticillium dahliae isolate Vd991
下载免费PDF全文

Nan‐Yang Li Xue‐Feng ma Dylan P. G. Short Ting‐Gang Li Lei Zhou Yue‐Jing Gui Zhi‐Qiang Kong Dan‐Dan Zhang Wen‐Qi Zhang Jun‐Jiao Li Krishna V. Subbarao Jie‐Yin Chen Xiao‐Feng Dai 《Molecular Plant Pathology》2018,19(6):1466-1479
Wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae significantly reduces cotton yields, as host resistance in commercially cultivated Gossypium species is lacking. Understanding the molecular basis of disease resistance in non‐commercial Gossypium species could galvanize the development of Verticillium wilt resistance in cultivated species. Nucleotide‐binding site leucine‐rich repeat (NBS‐LRR) proteins play a central role in plant defence against pathogens. In this study, we focused on the relationship between a locus enriched with eight NBS‐LRR genes and Verticillium wilt resistance in G. barbadense. Independent virus‐induced gene silencing of each of the eight NBS‐LRR genes in G. barbadense cultivar Hai 7124 revealed that silencing of GbaNA1 alone compromised the resistance of G. barbadense to V. dahliae isolate Vd991. In cultivar Hai 7124, GbaNA1 could be induced by V. dahliae isolate Vd991 and by ethylene, jasmonic acid and salicylic acid. Nuclear protein localization of GbaNA1 was demonstrated by transient expression. Sequencing of the GbaNA1 orthologue in nine G. hirsutum accessions revealed that all carried a non‐functional allele, caused by a premature peptide truncation. In addition, all 10 G. barbadense and nine G. hirsutum accessions tested carried a full‐length (~1140 amino acids) homologue of the V. dahliae race 1 resistance gene Gbve1, although some sequence polymorphisms were observed. Verticillium dahliae Vd991 is a non‐race 1 isolate that lacks the Ave1 gene. Thus, the resistance imparted by GbaNA1 appears to be mediated by a mechanism distinct from recognition of the fungal effector Ave1. 相似文献
8.
Shaojing Mo Yan Zhang Xingfen Wang Jun Yang Zhengwen Sun Dongmei Zhang Bin Chen Guoning Wang Huifeng Ke Zhengwen Liu Chengsheng Meng Zhikun Li Liqiang Wu Guiyin Zhang Huijun Duan Zhiying Ma 《Molecular Plant Pathology》2021,22(9):1041-1056
Lipids are major and essential constituents of plant cells and provide energy for various metabolic processes. However, the function of the lipid signal in defence against Verticillium dahliae, a hemibiotrophic pathogen, remains unknown. Here, we characterized 19 conserved stearoyl-ACP desaturase family proteins from upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). We further confirmed that GhSSI2 isoforms, including GhSSI2-A, GhSSI2-B, and GhSSI2-C located on chromosomes A10, D10, and A12, respectively, played a dominant role to the cotton 18:1 (oleic acid) pool. Suppressing the expression of GhSSI2s reduced the 18:1 level, which autoactivated the hypersensitive response (HR) and enhanced cotton Verticillium wilt and Fusarium wilt resistance. We found that low 18:1 levels induced phenylalanine ammonia-lyase-mediated salicylic acid (SA) accumulation and activated a SA-independent defence response in GhSSI2s-silenced cotton, whereas suppressing expression of GhSSI2s affected PDF1.2-dependent jasmonic acid (JA) perception but not the biosynthesis and signalling cascade of JA. Further investigation showed that structurally divergent resistance-related genes and nitric oxide (NO) signal were activated in GhSSI2s-silenced cotton. Taken together, these results indicate that SA-independent defence response, multiple resistance-related proteins, and elevated NO level play an important role in GhSSI2s-regulated Verticillium wilt resistance. These findings broaden our knowledge regarding the lipid signal in disease resistance and provide novel insights into the molecular mechanism of cotton fungal disease resistance. 相似文献
9.
不同品种棉花(Gossypium hirsutum L.)愈伤组织对黄萎病菌毒素粗提物的抗性与体内β-1,3-葡聚糖酶和几丁质酶活性水平有关.在毒素处理下,抗性品种比感性品种酶活性增加的幅度大、时间早.外源水杨酸(SA)处理后,棉花愈伤组织中的β-1,3-葡聚糖酶和几丁质酶活性增加.抗β-1,3-葡聚糖酶多克隆抗体与28 kD的蛋白条带有免疫交叉反应,毒素、SA、毒素+SA均能诱导该蛋白条带出现. 相似文献
10.
黄萎病是目前茄子生产中的主要病害之一,广泛收集、鉴定、筛选抗性资源,尤其是从野生近缘种中发掘抗性基因并培育抗病品种,是解决茄子黄萎病危害的优选途径。云南省拥有丰富的野生茄子资源但尚未有效利用。本研究针对云南省茄子主产区收集到的3种黄萎病菌株,通过形态学鉴定和真菌18S r DNA/ITS鉴定,均属于大丽轮枝菌,并通过致病力鉴定,筛选出一株强致病力菌株(QZ-S);应用菌株QZ-S,通过苗期人工接种的方法对45份云南野生茄子资源开展黄萎病抗性鉴定,最终筛选出2份高抗材料(蒜芥茄和喀西茄)、2份抗病材料(水茄和多裂水茄)、6份中抗材料(1份刺天茄和5份红茄);此外,还筛选到了1份黄萎病高感材料239-3-2。本研究筛选出的材料可应用于茄子黄萎病抗病育种,为茄子及其他作物黄萎病抗病育种提供抗源。 相似文献
11.
张桂寅 《植物遗传资源学报》2012,13(6):958-962
对我国自育的108个陆地棉品种的抗黄萎病性进行了研究。在黄萎病发病期内,对黄萎病发病情况进行连续调查,测定产量、考查产量因素并检测纤维品质。利用因子分析法对陆地棉抗黄萎病反应规律进行分析,得出不同时期的黄萎病病指主要与前后3~5个阶段抗病性有关。病情发展主要由4个主因子决定,且第1、2主因子具有较大的方差贡献率。第1主因子(F1)主要与品种7月26日至8月9日的黄萎病病指有关,第2主因子(F2)主要与品种8月20日至9月4日的黄萎病病指有关。利用因子分析结果将108个品种划分为4个类型,前期抗病性较好而后期发病较快的第Ⅰ类品种,其产量较低,单株结铃数、单铃重、衣分均低于其他3类;纤维品质均较差,纤维长度、整齐度、比强度和马克隆值均较其他3类差。前期和后期病指均较低、发病缓慢的第Ⅱ类则小区产量最高,纤维品质处于平均水平。第Ⅲ类品种前期发病较慢,中期发病较快,具有较高的小区产量,单铃重最高;纤维整齐度、比强度和伸长率好于其他3类品种;前期发病较快,中期发病平缓,后期仍具有较高病指的为第Ⅳ类品种,小区产量较低,单株产量、单株结铃数和衣分较高;其他性状处于中等水平。但研究表明,某一阶段具有的抗病性并不能完全代表品种的抗病性。 相似文献
12.
13.
The response of 13 European cauliflower cultivars to Verticillium longisporum was evaluated using two greenhouse tests and one in vitro inoculation test. The greenhouse tests involved dipping roots of 3‐week‐old seedlings in a conidial suspension or inoculating the soil of 3‐week‐old seedlings with Verticillium microsclerotia. The in vitro test involved the inoculation of 9‐day‐old seedlings with Verticillium conidia. Useful disease parameters were the area under disease progress curve and plant growth reduction for the greenhouse tests and fresh weight reduction for the in vitro test. Significant correlations were found among the three inoculation methods. Irrespective of the inoculation method used, cultivar ‘Sernio’ was most resistant to V. longisporum, while ‘Minaret’ was the most susceptible cultivar. The pathogen could be re‐isolated from the hypocotyls and from the stem of ‘Minaret’ 4 and 49 days after inoculation respectively, whereas V. longisporum could never be re‐isolated from ‘Sernio’. These results suggest that the more resistant cauliflower cultivar ‘Sernio’ can suppress the ascent and the proliferation of V. longisporum into the plant. 相似文献
14.
15.
16.
真菌病害严重威胁作物的产量和品质,给国家和人民造成巨大的经济损失。尤其是引起维管束病害的土传真菌,化学农药的作用效果很不理想。利用抗性基因进行遗传育种是目前生物防治的重要手段之一,但对于缺乏抗性资源的物种,面对强大的土壤真菌病害,研究者也时常束手无策。近年来,利用RNA干扰技术发展而来的宿主诱导的基因沉默(Host induced gene silencing,HIGS)策略,在抗病虫害领域逐渐崭露头角,但由于真菌侵染的复杂多样性及土壤传播的特性,HIGS在土壤真菌病害中的应用充满神秘和挑战。本研究室近期揭示了棉花黄萎病(一种严重的土壤真菌病害)的\"罪魁祸首\"——大丽轮枝菌的侵染结构和侵染过程;并首次证明了宿主植物内源小RNA能够跨界进入病原菌细胞中降解致病基因表达的抗病作用;在此基础上,本研究室利用HIGS在棉花上获得了对黄萎病抗性较高的品系,成功地开辟了抗土壤黄萎真菌病害的新天地,研究结果显示出基因沉默技术在这一领域强大的应用潜力和前景。 相似文献
17.
大丽轮枝菌的含钼协同因子基因位点* 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
含银协同因子在一些真菌中是硝酸还原酶和黄瞟吟脱氨酶1和11的辅助因子;在用KO03为诱变剂以获得n人突变体的试验中,nljB型突变体就是由于该辅酶的基因位点发生突变所致(luf,1981)。利用nitB突变体测定含铜协同因子的基因位点,在不同的真菌中得到的结果不同。Coye(197)测出的ASpeFgillusnidulansWint含钻协同因子有五个基因位点,Newton(1988)测定脚lorianodorumBerk的结果是四个。作者在做营养体亲和性分析时,观察到大丽轮技菌(Verticilliu。山hliaekleb.)的nitB突变体可以互补。但迄今为止,有关此菌的含银协同因子的… 相似文献
18.
Xiquan Gao Fangjun Li Maoying Li Ali S. Kianinejad Jane K. Dever Terry A. Wheeler Zhaohu Li Ping He Libo Shan 《植物学报(英文版)》2013,55(7):586-596
Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) offers a powerful approach for functional analysis of individual genes by knocking down their expression. We have adopted this approach to dissect gene functions in cotton resistant to Verticillium wilt, one of the most devastating diseases worldwide. We showed here that highly efficient VIGS was obtained in a cotton breeding line (CA4002) with partial resistance to Verticillium wilt, and GhMKK2 and GhVe1 are required for its resistance to Verticillium wilt. Arabidopsis AtBAK1/SERK3, a central regulator in plant disease resistance, belongs to a subfamily of somatic embryogenesis receptor kinases (SERKs) with five members, AtSERK1 to AtSERK5. Two BAK1 orthologs and one SERK1 ortholog were identified in the cotton genome. Importantly, GhBAK1 is required for CA4002 resistance to Verticillium wilt. Surprisingly, silencing of GhBAK1 is sufficient to trigger cell death accompanied with production of reactive oxygen species in cotton. This result is distinct from Arabidopsis in which AtBAK1 and AtSERK4 play redundant functions in cell death control. Apparently, cotton has only evolved SERK1 and BAK1 whereas AtSERK4/5 are newly evolved genes in Arabidopsis. Our studies indicate the functional importance of BAK1 in Verticillium wilt resistance and suggest the dynamic evolution of SERK family members in different plant species. 相似文献
19.
Li Xu Longfu Zhu Lili Tu Xiaoping Guo Lu Long Longqing Sun Wei Gao Xianlong Zhang 《Journal of Phytopathology》2011,159(9):606-615
20.
大丽轮枝孢微菌核的形成条件 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以棉花黄萎病菌Verticillium dahliae XJ2008菌株为试材,研究了培养基类型、pH值、温度等因素对棉花黄萎病菌微菌核形成的影响,确立了微菌核形成的最佳培养条件,并对采自新疆、江苏、河南、陕西、山东等地的15个棉花黄萎病菌菌株进行了测试。结果表明,适合于棉花黄萎病菌微菌核大量产生的培养基为基础改良培养基(BMM)、pH值为9.5-11.5、温度为20℃。在该条件下,15个大丽轮枝孢菌株在接种后第12天即可产生大量的微菌核,不同菌株产生微菌核的数量及大小间存在着显著差异,但均与病菌的致病性 相似文献