DIURNAL PREFERENCE AND SLEEP QUALITY: SAME GENES? A STUDY OF YOUNG ADULT TWINS

The aims of this study were to examine the genetic and environmental influences on diurnal preference and sleep quality, the association between these phenotypes, the genetic and environmental influences on this association, and the magnitude of overlap between these influences. Using a twin design, data on diurnal preference (measured by the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire) and sleep quality (measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) were collected from 420 monozygotic twins, 773 dizygotic twins, and 329 siblings (mode age?=?20 yrs, range?=?18–27 yrs) from a population-based twin registry across the UK. Univariate analyses indicated that dominance genetic influence accounted for 52% and non-shared environment 48% of variance in diurnal preference. For sleep quality, additive genetic influence explained 43% and non-shared environment 57% of the variance. The bivariate analysis indicated a significant association between greater eveningness preference and poorer sleep quality (r?=?.27). There was substantial overlap in the additive genetic influences on both phenotypes (rA?=?.57), and overlap in the dominance genetic influences common to both phenotypes was almost absolute (rD = .99). Overlap in non-shared environment was much smaller (rE?=?.02). Additive genetic influence accounted for 2% of the association, dominance genetic influence accounted for 94%, and non-shared environmental influences accounted for the remaining 4%. The substantial overlap in genetic influence between these phenotypes indicates that similar genes are important for diurnal preference and sleep quality. Therefore, those genes already known to influence one phenotype may be possible candidates to explore with regards to the other phenotype. (Author correspondence: ps701nh@gold.ac.uk)     

GENETIC ANALYSIS OF MORNINGNESS AND EVENINGNESS

We studied the influence of genetic factors on individual differences in morningness-eveningness in a sample of Dutch twin families. Data were collected from adolescent twins (mean age 17.8 yr) and their parents (mean age of fathers 48.0 yr and of mothers 46.0 yr) and a sample of older twins (mean age 46.5 yr). Scores on morningness-eveningness were rated on a 5-point scale. Parents were more morning oriented than their children, and women were more morning oriented than men. With a twin-family study, separation of genetic and environmental influences on variation in morningness-eveningness is possible. Including parents and older twins in the study makes it possible to explore generation differences in these effects. The correlation between monozygotic twins was more than twice the correlation between dizygotic twins. This indicates that genetic effects may not operate in an additive manner. Therefore, a model that included genetic dominance was explored. Biometrical model fitting showed no sex differences for the magnitude of genetic and environmental factors. The total heritability—the sum of additive and nonadditive genetic influences—for morningness-eveningness was 44% for the younger generation and 47% for the older generation. However, the genetic correlation between the generations turned out to be lower than 0.5, suggesting that different genes for morningness-eveningness are expressed in both generations. (Chronobiology International, 18(5), 809–822, 2001)     

Genetic and Environmental Influences on the Tracking of Body Size from Birth to Early Adulthood

Objective: This study identified genetic and environmental influences on the tracking of body size from birth to 16 to 18.5 years of age. Research Methods and Procedures: Longitudinal information was collected from a nationally representative sample of Finnish twin adolescents (birth cohorts 1975 to 1979) and their parents through questionnaires mailed when the twins were ages 16 and 18.5 years old. The sample included 702 monozygotic, 724 same‐sex dizygotic, and 762 opposite‐sex dizygotic sets of twins. The measures used were length, weight, ponderal index (kilograms per cubic meters), and gestational age at birth, and height, weight, and body mass index (kilograms per square meters) at 16 to 18.5 years of age. The changes in genetic and environmental influences on body size from birth to early adulthood were analyzed by quantitative genetic modeling. Results: The twins who had a higher weight or ponderal index at birth were taller and heavier in early adulthood, whereas those who were longer at birth were taller, but not heavier, later in life. Adult height was affected more by the birth size than body mass index. In the genetic modeling analyses, the genetic factors accounting for the variation of body size became more apparent with age, and both genetic and environmental influences on stature had a sizable carry‐over effect from birth to late adolescence, whereas for relative weight, the influences were more age‐specific. Discussion: The genetic and environmental architecture of body size changes from birth to adulthood. Even in monozygotic twins who share their genetic background, the initially larger twin tended to remain larger, demonstrating the long‐lasting effects of fetal environment on final body size.     

宏基因组技术研究泥岩母质发育的三种不同pH紫色土硝化微生物群落演变规律

[目的]揭示典型农田旱地紫色土硝化微生物的群落组成及其对pH的响应规律.[方法]针对同一母质发育但pH差异显著的3种紫色土,利用宏基因组技术深度测序研究土壤中硝化微生物丰度和群落,包括氨氧化古菌(ammonia-oxidizing archaea,AOA),氨氧化细菌(ammonia-oxidizing bacteri...     

Morningness–eveningness,depressive symptoms,and emotional eating: A population-based study

The aim of this study was to increase understanding of the associations between different dimensions of morningness–eveningness, depressive symptoms, and emotional eating in the general population. The participants were 25-to-74-year-old Finnish men (n?=?2325) and women (n?=?2699) from the National FINRISK Study conducted in 2007. The Center for Epidemiological Studies – Depression Scale and the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R18 were used to measure depressive symptoms and emotional eating. Chronotype was assessed with a shortened version of Horne and Östberg’s Morningness–Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). Structural equation modeling was used as an analytical approach. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated a two-factor structure for the six-item MEQ with separate factors for morning alertness and circadian preference for daily activities (r?=?0.65). Higher alertness in the morning and preference for morning hours were both related to lower depressive symptoms (β_{total effect}?=??0.36 and ?0.11, respectively) and emotional eating (β_{total effect}?=??0.20 and ?0.09; β_{indirect effect through depressive symptoms} = ?0.12 and ?0.04, respectively), even though the relationships with morning alertness were stronger. However, the associations of circadian preference with depressive symptoms and emotional eating were reversed after adjustment for morning alertness. Finally, among participants who rarely or never experienced sleeping sufficiently, those in the lowest (i.e. eveningness) and higher (i.e. morningness) circadian preference/morning alertness quartiles had the highest depressive symptom scores. In conclusion, the findings emphasize the importance of separating between different dimensions of chronotype when examining its relationships with psychological factors such as depressive symptoms and overeating tendencies.     

Nature, nurture and first sexual intercourse in the USA: fitting behavioural genetic models to NLSY kinship data

Fisher (1930) presented both theoretical and empirical results concerning genetic influences on fertility. Since then, only sparse research has been done on the genetics of fertility, although more sophisticated methodogy and data now exist than were available to Fisher. This paper presents a behavioural genetic analysis of age at first intercourse, accounting for genetic, shared environmental, and selected non-shared environmental influences. The data came from the nationally representative National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY). A newly developed kinship linking procedure was used that identifies links for cousins, half-siblings, full-siblings and twins in the NLSY. The results suggest a genetic influence in the overall dataset, and also among whites and in male-male and opposite-sex pairs. Genetic influences were extremely small or non-existent for blacks and for female-female pairs. Shared environmental influences were small for most subsets of the data, but moderate for female-female pairs. Two specific non-shared environmental influences--self-esteem and locus of control--were ruled out as accounting for any meaningful variance, although other general sources of non-shared environmental influence appear potentially important. Analysis of selected samples from upper and lower tails suggested that genetic influences are important in accounting for both early and late non-virginity. These findings are consistent with work reported by Miller et al. (1999), who used molecular genetic methods. Generally, these findings support the existence of genetic influences and implicate non-shared environmental influences as being important determinants of the timing of loss of virginity among US adolescents and young adults.     

Unpacking the link between family socioeconomic status and civic engagement during the transition to adulthood: Do work values play a role?

We investigated whether the link between family-of-origin socioeconomic status (SES) and civic engagement in young adulthood is mediated by youth’s work values, that is, the desired characteristics of their current or future jobs. We used data from a Finnish study: 2004 (age 16–18, N_T1?=?1,301); 2011 (age 23–25, N_T2?=?1,096); and 2014 (age 25–27, N_T3?=?1,138). A higher family SES in 2004 predicted youth’s higher civic engagement in 2014. A higher family SES also predicted a lower importance of extrinsic job rewards (e.g., good pay) in 2011, but it was unrelated to the importance of intrinsic job rewards (e.g., learning opportunities). Extrinsic work values, in turn, predicted lower civic engagement in 2014, above and beyond sociodemographic and personality characteristics. Intrinsic work values predicted higher civic engagement. Thus, extrinsic, but not intrinsic, work values partly mediated the link between family SES and youth civic engagement.     

Association between Specific Diurnal Preference Questionnaire Items and PER3 VNTR Genotype

Although there are significant intra‐individual differences in self‐reported diurnal preference, as measured by validated questionnaires, the relative contribution of exogenous and endogenous factors to self‐reported diurnal preference largely remains to be investigated. The present study examined which items from the Horne‐Östberg (HÖ) questionnaire of diurnal preference were better at predicting genotypes in the variable number tandem polymorphism (VNTR) in the coding region of the gene PER3. This polymorphism has previously been reported to associate with diurnal preference, sleep parameters, and cognitive performance markers following sleep deprivation. Participants (n=240, selected from a previously studied population) had completed the HÖ questionnaire and provided a DNA sample, which was genotyped with regard to the PER3 VNTR. A multinomial logistic regression showed that four items significantly increased prediction accuracy between the two homozygotic genotypes, with homozygotes for the longer variant of the gene (PER3^5/5) associated with answers indicating a stronger morning preference than those chosen by homozygotes for the shorter variant (PER3^4/4). Only one item, the question of whether the respondent required an alarm clock, discriminated between all three genotypes. Moreover, when the items were divided into those with the strongest versus the weakest genetic association, there was a significant relationship between age and the questions not predicting genotype, but not between age and genotype‐predictive questions. This may explain previous findings regarding age‐related differences in self‐reported diurnal preference. These findings could facilitate the future development of diurnal preference scales especially tailored to the study of specific biological parameters.     

Comparative analysis of genetic structure in natural populations of two <Emphasis Type="Italic">Arabidopsis</Emphasis> species with different degree of panmixia

Comparative analysis of genetic structure of northern natural populations of two Arabidopsis species with different degrees of panmixia was performed. The variability of 121 RAPD loci in seven populations of model plant A. thaliana possessing high degree of self fertility was studied together with 93 RAPD loci in population of cross-pollinating species A. lyrata ssp. petraea. The population of A. l. petraea demonstrated higher level of genetic variability (P _99% = 62.50%; H _exp = 0.169) than the populations of A. thaliana, which is obviously connected with biological features of reproduction of the species. A significant level of genetic variability (P _99% = 42.27%; H _exp = 0.126) was revealed in populations of A. thaliana, which is not typical for self-pollinating plant species. The high population polymorphism of A. thaliana in the northern part of its range may be connected with adverse environmental conditions. The genetic distances between populations of the species studied (average D _N = 0.494) confirm close relatedness between A. thaliana and A. l. petraea.     

Tumour necrosis factor-α gene polymorphisms in asbestos-induced diseases

Background: Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α influences the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis and carcinogenesis in normal cells. Polymorphisms of this gene have been suggested to be associated with susceptibility to lung diseases.

Methods: Association studies were performed in German subjects, using control subjects (n?=?177), pulmonary fibrosis patients (n?=?612) and bronchial carcinoma patients (n?=?374).

Results: Compared with a healthy (control) group, a significant result could be obtained for the asbestosis (patient) group (crude odds ratio (OR_crude)?=?1.57; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05–2.36; p?=?0.03), especially with severe lung asbestosis (OR_crude?=?4.15; 95% CI 1.06–16.16; p?=?0.04). A significant association was revealed when comparing asbestosis patients (OR_crude?=?4.08; 95% CI 1.53–10.54; p?=?0.004 and OR_adjusted?=?3.89; 95% CI 1.49–10.17; p?=?0.006) with asbestos-induced lung cancer patients.

Conclusion: The results confirm the hypothesis that TNF-α polymorphisms are associated with asbestos-induced fibrotic or malignant lung diseases in Germans.     

Increasing water‐use efficiency and age‐specific growth responses of old‐growth ponderosa pine trees in the Northern Rockies

We examined radial growth responses of ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa var. ponderosa) between 1905–1954 and 1955–2004 to determine if the effects of increased intrinsic water‐use efficiencies (iWUE) caused by elevated atmospheric CO₂ concentrations were age‐specific. We collected 209 cores from five sites in the Northern Rockies and calculated iWUE using carbon isotope data from 1850 to 2004. Standardized radial growth responses were age dependent, with older trees exhibiting significantly higher values than younger trees during the later period at four sites and all sites combined. No significant differences in radial growth existed either for the individual sites or combined site during the earlier period. Increases in iWUE during 1955–2004 were 11% greater than during 1905–1954, and pentadal fluctuations in iWUE were significantly correlated with the radial growth of older trees from 1850 to 2004. Radial growth of younger trees and iWUE were not significantly correlated. Our results suggest that: (1) responses to elevated atmospheric CO₂ in old‐growth ponderosa forests are age‐specific; (2) radial growth increases in older trees coincided with increased iWUE; (3) ponderosa had increased growth rates in their third, fourth, and fifth centuries of life; and (4) age‐specific growth responses during 1955–2004 are unique since at least the mid‐16th century.     

一株产褐藻胶裂解酶的需钠弧菌筛选及酶解产物分析

[背景]褐藻胶裂解酶种类丰富、降解机制多样,是高效环保降解褐藻胶、制备褐藻寡糖的工具酶,成为褐藻植物高值化开发利用的研究热点.[目的]从海泥中筛选获得褐藻胶裂解酶高效产酶菌株,确定菌株发酵产酶最优条件,鉴定和分析酶降解产物,进而解析该酶的降解特性.[方法]以褐藻胶为唯一碳源,从海带养殖场附近海泥中筛选菌株,通过形态学观...     

基于遗传片段分析系统的转录起始位点分析技术:从预测到结果评估

【目的】以遗传片段分析仪内标法替代传统放射性标记引物延伸技术进行样本转录起始位点(TSS)分析,并弥补引物延伸技术应用于未知样本缺乏前期预测和后期评估环节,形成一套基于遗传片段分析仪内标法分析未知样品TSS的完整技术方案。【方法】以粘球菌Myxococcus DK1622来源的双拷贝Gro ELs基因为素材;首先从预测出发,利用数据库进行启动子和转录起始位点预测;其次,根据预测结果设计合成荧光标记引物进行靶标m RNA的反转录;再次,应用遗传片段分析技术内标法鉴定分析粘球菌来源的双拷贝Gro ELs基因转录起始位点(TSS)及其丰度;最后,应用正态分布理论进行鉴定结果评估。【结果】明确了转录起始位点的数量、转录丰度及最可能的TSS位点:粘球菌DK1622基因组中Gro EL1拷贝存在1个启动子,TSS位点为TSS_(286);Gro EL2拷贝存在2个启动子,TSS位点分别为TSS_(548)和TSS_(502),其中TSS_(548)转录丰度是TSS_(502)的13.8倍,Gro EL1的TSS_(286)丰度是gro EL2的TSS_(548)丰度的14.3倍。【结论】预测结果指明了实验设计的范围,遗传片段分析仪内标检测法替代传统放射性标记法使实验更加简便、安全、自动、准确,正态分布理论进一步评估了实验结果的可信度,三者接合形成了完善的转录起始位点鉴定技术方案。     

基于Illumina MiSeq测序技术的塔克拉玛干沙漠东缘细菌多样性分析

【背景】塔克拉玛干沙漠凭借其独特的地理位置、恶劣的生存环境以及较少的人为干扰,造就了其独特的微生物资源。【目的】探究塔克拉玛干沙漠东缘沙土细菌群落结构多样性及其影响因素。【方法】采集塔克拉玛干沙漠东缘沙土样品并测定其理化性质,使用基于原核微生物16S rRNA基因的IlluminaMiSeq测序技术,对塔克拉玛干沙漠东缘沙土进行细菌群落结构多样性及其影响因素的分析。【结果】从塔克拉玛干沙漠东缘沙土中获得明确分类地位的细菌种类为21门42纲304属,其中优势菌门为拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes,31.26%)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria,29.47%)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria,15.71%)和厚壁菌门(Firmicutes,15.69%);在属水平上相对丰度最高的菌属为Salinimicrobium (10.06%),其次为盐单胞菌属(Halomonas,7.39%)、芽胞杆菌属(Bacillus,3.25%)、蓬托斯菌属(Pontibacter,3.14%)、Aliifodinibius(2.76%)和考克氏菌属(Kocuria,1.76%)。全磷(T...     

Patterns of Genetic Diversity in Platanthera bifolia (Orchidaceae) with Respect to Life History Traits and Recent Range Expansion

For evolutionary and ecological analyses, genetic diversity at different scales needs to be studied in terms of biological properties, habitat, population size and population history. We surveyed Platanthera bifolia populations from six regions in northeastern Poland to determine the impact of the mating system and population history on genetic diversity. Based on variation at allozyme markers, genetic variation was relatively moderate (P?=?22.3%, A?=?1.48, H _O?=?0.083, F _IS?=??0.015) and similar to other Platanthera species. These parameters varied between populations (P?=?13.3%–26.6%, A?=?1.26–1.66, H _O?=?0.055–0.111, F _IS?=??0.262–0.147). The genetic diversity patterns were shaped by different proportions of facilitated selfing and/or outcrossing, resulting in positive and negative F _IS values, respectively. No relationship between inbreeding coefficient and population size, however, and no impact of apomixis on the level of genetic diversity of P. bifolia were found. The relatively low level of genetic differentiation among the investigated regions (F _CT?=?0.002, P?>?0.05) and among populations (F _ST?=?0.048, P?<?0.001), and the lack of a significant relationship between genetic and geographical distance, are discussed in the context of possible scenaria of postglacial expansion.     

Identification of imine reductase‐specific sequence motifs

Chiral amines are valuable building blocks for the production of a variety of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and other specialty chemicals. Only recently, imine reductases (IREDs) were discovered which catalyze the stereoselective reduction of imines to chiral amines. Although several IREDs were biochemically characterized in the last few years, knowledge of the reaction mechanism and the molecular basis of substrate specificity and stereoselectivity is limited. To gain further insights into the sequence‐function relationships, the Imine Reductase Engineering Database ( www.IRED.BioCatNet.de ) was established and a systematic analysis of 530 putative IREDs was performed. A standard numbering scheme based on R‐IRED‐Sk was introduced to facilitate the identification and communication of structurally equivalent positions in different proteins. A conservation analysis revealed a highly conserved cofactor binding region and a predominantly hydrophobic substrate binding cleft. Two IRED‐specific motifs were identified, the cofactor binding motif GLGxMGx₅[ATS]x₄Gx₄[VIL]WNR[TS]x₂[KR] and the active site motif Gx[DE]x[GDA]x[APS]x₃{K}x[ASL]x[LMVIAG]. Our results indicate a preference toward NADPH for all IREDs and explain why, despite their sequence similarity to β‐hydroxyacid dehydrogenases (β‐HADs), no conversion of β‐hydroxyacids has been observed. Superfamily‐specific conservations were investigated to explore the molecular basis of their stereopreference. Based on our analysis and previous experimental results on IRED mutants, an exclusive role of standard position 187 for stereoselectivity is excluded. Alternatively, two standard positions 139 and 194 were identified which are superfamily‐specifically conserved and differ in R‐ and S‐selective enzymes. Proteins 2016; 84:600–610. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

The effects of structural variations of thiophene-containing Ru(II) complexes on the acid–base and DNA binding properties

A phenylthiophenyl-bearing Ru(II) complex of [Ru(bpy)₂(Hbptip)](PF₆)₂ {bpy?=?2,2′-bipyridine, Hbptip?=?2-(4-phenylthiophen-2-yl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline} was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, ¹H NMR spectroscopy, and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. The ground- and excited-state acid–base properties of the complex were studied by UV–visible absorption and photoluminescence spectrophotometric pH titrations and the negative logarithm values of the ground-state acid ionization constants were derived to be pK _a1?=?1.31?±?0.09 and pK _a2?=?5.71?±?0.11 with the pK _a2 associated deprotonation/protonation process occurring over 3 pK _a units more acidic than thiophenyl-free parent complex of [Ru(bpy)₂(Hpip)]²⁺ {Hpip?=?2-phenyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline}. The calf thymus DNA-binding properties of [Ru(bpy)₂(Hbptip)]²⁺ in Tris–HCl buffer (pH 7.1 and 50?mM NaCl) were investigated by DNA viscosities and density functional theoretical calculations as well as UV–visible and emission spectroscopy techniques of UV–visible and luminescence titrations, steady-state emission quenching by [Fe(CN)₆]^4?, DNA competitive binding with ethidium bromide, DNA melting experiments, and reverse salt effects. The complex was evidenced to bind to the DNA intercalatively with binding affinity being greater than those for previously reported analogs of [Ru(bpy)₂(Hip)]²⁺, [Ru(bpy)₂(Htip)]²⁺, and [Ru(bpy)₂(Haptip)]²⁺ {Hip?=?1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline, Htip?=?2-thiophenimidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline, Haptip?=?2-(5-phenylthiophen-2-yl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline}.     

How we perceive our own hands: Effects of attention,aging, and sex

Abstract

This study investigates whether both the perception of somesthetic sensations arising spontaneously on the hand and their modulation by attention are subject to change with advancing age and sex. Participants aged between 50 and 68 (N?=?24), and younger (19–27; N?=?24), with an equal sex ratio in each group, described the spontaneous sensations they felt on one of their hands. Two 10-s tests were carried out with participants either seeing their tested hand (gaze towards the visible hand) or not (contralateral gaze, hidden hand). Within the age range covered by our participants, aging had an effect on the spatial distribution of sensations, insofar as the older participants reported feeling more sensations in their palm whereas the younger participants had more sensitive fingers. Age also influenced the number, nature, intensity, and duration of sensations in interaction with gaze and/or sex. The most frequent pattern was a benefit of ipsilateral relative to contralateral gazing in young women. Attentional modulation was seldom observed in men and was absent among older participants.     

Body mass index gain, fast food, and physical activity: effects of shared environments over time

Objective : The magnitude of environmental vs. genetic effects on BMI, diet, and physical activity (PA) is widely debated. We followed a sibling cohort (where individuals shared households in childhood and adolescence) to young adulthood (when some continued sharing households and others lived apart) to examine the role of discordant environments in adult twins’ divergent trends in BMI and health behaviors and to quantify the variation in BMI and behavior among all siblings that is attributable to environmental and additive genetic effects. Research Methods and Procedures : In the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, siblings sharing households for ≥10 years as adolescents (mean age = 16.5 ± 1.7 years; N = 5524) were followed into adulthood (mean = 22.4 ± 1.8 years; N = 4368), self‐reporting PA, sedentary behavior, and dietary characteristics. Adult BMI and adolescent z scores were derived from measured height and weight. Results : Compared with those living together, twins living apart exhibited greater discordance in change in BMI, PA, and fast food intake from adolescence to adulthood. Adolescent household environments accounted for 8% to 10% of variation in adolescent fast food intake and sedentary behaviors and 50% of variation in adolescent overweight. Adolescent household effects on PA were substantially greater in young adulthood (accounting for 50% of variation) vs. adolescence. Young adult fast food intake was significantly affected by young adult household environment, accounting for 12% of variation. Discussion : These findings highlight important environmental influences on BMI, PA, and fast food intake during the transition to adulthood. Household and physical environments play an important role in establishing long‐term behavior patterns.     

Pre-procedural elevated cardiac troponin predict risk of long-term all-cause mortality after transcatheter aortic valve replacement: a meta-analysis of prospective studies

Abstract

Background: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the relationship between elevated cardiac troponin pre-transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and long-term all-cause mortality.

Methods: Prospective studies with the endpoint of all-cause mortality were included. We primarily used the fixed-effect model weighted by inverse variance. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were conducted to explore the potential sources of heterogeneity by specified study characteristics.

Results: Seven prospective studies comprising of 3049 subjects were included in our meta-analysis. Pre-procedural elevated cardiac troponin was associated with increased risk of long-term mortality post TAVR [hazard ratio (HR) 2.25, 95% CI 1.83–2.78, p?=?0.000, I² = 30.3%, p for heterogeneity 0.197]. In addition, subgroup analyses have shown that the group with an younger age (<82?y) seemed to have a higher risk of all-cause mortality than the group with older age (≥82?y) [HR 4.08 (2.41 to 6.89) VS 2.01 (1.60 to 2.53), p?=?0.016 for subgroup difference].

Conclusions: Pre-procedural elevated cardiac troponin was associated with increased long-term all-cause mortality in patients undergoing TAVR.