CD45RB Status of CD8+ T Cell Memory Defines T Cell Receptor Affinity and Persistence

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NPM1突变基因表达抑制K562白血病细胞体外增殖和侵袭

核仁磷酸蛋白(nucleophosmin,NPM1)突变是近年发现的在急性髓系白血病中发挥重要作用的基因改变,为探讨NPM1突变对K562白血病细胞体外增殖和侵袭能力的影响,将载体pEGFPC1-NPM1-mA转染K562细胞系,构建稳定表达NPM1突变蛋白的白血病细胞株(K562-mA)。利用细胞生长曲线观察细胞体外增殖能力;流式细胞仪检测细胞周期进程改变;细胞粘附、Transwell实验分别用以观察细胞体外粘附、迁移及侵袭能力。结果发现,NPM1突变转染后K562细胞体外增殖能力明显减弱;同时G1期细胞比例明显增高,S期细胞比例显著减低。与未处理组和空载体转染组细胞相比,K562-mA细胞体外迁移能力有所增加,但细胞粘附及侵袭能力却明显减弱。提示NPM1突变基因的表达能够抑制白血病细胞体外增殖和侵袭能力,为进一步深入探讨NPM1突变在白血病发生发展中的调控机制奠定了良好的基础。     

Genomic organization of the channel catfish CD45 functional gene and CD45 pseudogenes

CD45 is a transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase, which in mammals plays an important role in T and B cell receptor and cytokine signaling. Recently, a catfish cDNA was shown to contain all characteristic CD45 features: an alternatively spliced amino-terminus, a cysteine-rich region, three fibronectin domains, a transmembrane region, and two phosphotyrosine phosphatase domains. However, analyses of CD45 cDNAs from various catfish lymphoid cell lines demonstrated that catfish CD45 is unique in that it contains a large number of alternatively spliced exons. Sequence analyses of cDNAs derived from the catfish clonal B cell line 3B11 indicated that this cell line expresses up to 13 alternatively spliced exons. Furthermore, sequence similarity among the alternatively spliced exons suggested duplication events. To establish the exact number and organization of alternatively spliced exons, a bacterial artificial chromosome library was screened, and the catfish functional CD45 gene plus six CD45 pseudogenes were sequenced. The catfish functional CD45 gene spans 37 kb and contains 49 exons. In comparison, the human and pufferfish CD45 genes consist of 34 and 30 exons, respectively. This difference in the otherwise structurally conserved catfish gene is due to the presence of 18 alternatively spliced exons that were likely derived through several duplication events. In addition, duplication events were also likely involved in generating the six pseudogenes, truncated at the 3 ends. A similarly 3 truncated CD45 pseudogene is also present in the pufferfish genome, suggesting that this specific CD45 gene duplication occurred before catfish and pufferfish diverged (400 million years ago).     

高分压氧下淋巴细胞SHP-1和CD45的功能状态

目的: 探讨高分压氧下淋巴细胞内酪氨酸磷酸酶SHP-1和CD45功能状态的变化.方法: 分别用能引起功能发生不同变化的高分压氧处理淋巴细胞,检测细胞内酪氨酸磷酸酶SHP-1和CD45的催化活性、蛋白量及蛋白磷酸化水平.结果: 经各压力-时程的高分压氧处理后,SHP-1的活性均降低;而CD45仅在具有抑制细胞功能的氧剂量处理后其活性才降低.两种酶的蛋白表达量及酪氨酸磷酸化水平没有发生显著变化.结论: 高分压氧下SHP-1和CD45活性降低可能是由于酶结构受增多的活性氧破坏引起;SHP-1和CD45可能是所选高分压氧方案引起淋巴细胞功能变化的作用位点.     

NAIF1对肝癌细胞 HepG2 增殖与迁移能力的影响

目的:在肝癌细胞Hep G2中过表达外源NAIF1(核凋亡诱导因子1),探讨NAIF1的亚细胞定位以及对Hep G2增殖和迁移能力的影响。方法:以真核表达质粒p EGFP-N1为对照组,p EGFP-N1-NAIF1为实验组,瞬时转染肝癌细胞Hep G2,利用免疫印迹方法检测NAIF1蛋白表达效率;以DAPI染核,荧光显微镜下观察绿色荧光蛋白定位,确定NAIF1的亚细胞定位;通过MTT方法绘制细胞增殖曲线;通过transwell小室法检测NAIF1对Hep G2迁移能力的影响。结果:在肝癌细胞Hep G2中,外源表达NAIF1主要定位于细胞核;与对照组Hep G2/p EGFP-N1相比,Hep G2/p EGFP-N1-NAIF1的细胞增殖、迁移能力下降(P<0.05)。结论:外源表达NAIF1蛋白定位于Hep G2细胞核,过表达NAIF1抑制Hep G2的细胞增殖与迁移能力,NAIF1可能作为肝癌治疗的潜在靶点。     

周期性机械应力对髓核细胞增殖和细胞外基质表达的影响

目的：探讨周期性机械应力对髓核细胞增殖和细胞外基质表达的影响。方法：对兔髓核细胞进行体外细胞培养,对细胞施加周期性机械应力（0.25Mpa,0.1Hz）。实验分为2组,不加压组和加压组,不加压组置于单纯旋转式生物反应器内,加压组每天置于周期性机械应力场内2小时。分别于3天,7天检测细胞数目以及聚集蛋白聚糖（aggrecan）和Ⅱ型胶原的基因表达。结果：髓核细胞的增殖和聚集蛋白聚糖、Ⅱ型胶原基因的表达水平与周期性压力密切相关,在周期性机械应力刺激下髓核细胞增殖明显,细胞外基质的分泌增加,组织工程髓核细胞的活性显著提高。结论：周期性机械应力能够显著促进髓核细胞增殖,同时上调聚集蛋白聚糖、Ⅱ型胶原的基因的表达。     

二甲双胍调控糖尿病大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞的增殖和分化

虽然二甲双胍广泛用于治疗2型糖尿病,但是其对骨骼的潜在影响知之甚少。因此,本研究评估了二甲双胍对培养的大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞(MSCs)和脂肪细胞两者的分化以及增殖的影响。首先随机组形成对照实验,其中对照组为在不经二甲双胍处理培养基中培养MSCs细胞21 d,而二甲双胍组则在用100μmol/L二甲双胍处理培养基中培养MSCs 21 d。结果表明,二甲双胍增强了大鼠MSCs的成骨细胞分化细胞中ALP的活性,抑制了培养中MSCs脂肪形成分化的过程,但是增强了MSCs细胞的增殖能力。     

Inhibition of ERK and JNK Decreases Both Osmosensitive Taurine Release and Cell Proliferation in Glioma Cells

Cell swelling is associated with the activation of an increase in the osmosensitive taurine release (OTR) rate, which serves to decrease cell volume as part of a process known as regulatory volume decrease. OTR, which is sensitive to many pharmacological agents including anion channel blockers and signalling pathway modulators, has also been suggested to play a role in cell cycle progression. At non-cytotoxic concentrations, the anion channel blocker NPPB (25 μM), the extra-cellular signal-regulated kinase inhibitor PD98059 (50 μM), and the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase inhibitor SP 600125 (5 μM) each decreased the OTR rate by ≥50%, decreased cell proliferation, and increased G0/G1 cell cycle arrest.     

Resveratrol Inhibits the Proliferation of Neural Progenitor Cells and Hippocampal Neurogenesis

Resveratrol is a phytoalexin and natural phenol that is present at relatively high concentrations in peanuts and red grapes and wine. Based upon studies of yeast and invertebrate models, it has been proposed that ingestion of resveratrol may also have anti-aging actions in mammals including humans. It has been suggested that resveratrol exerts its beneficial effects on health by activating the same cellular signaling pathways that are activated by dietary energy restriction (DR). Some studies have reported therapeutic actions of resveratrol in animal models of metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders. However, the effects of resveratrol on cell, tissue and organ function in healthy subjects are largely unknown. In the present study, we evaluated the potential effects of resveratrol on the proliferation and survival of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) in culture, and in the hippocampus of healthy young adult mice. Resveratrol reduced the proliferation of cultured mouse multi-potent NPCs, and activated AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), in a concentration-dependent manner. Administration of resveratrol to mice (1–10 mg/kg) resulted in activation of AMPK, and reduced the proliferation and survival of NPCs in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus. Resveratrol down-regulated the levels of the phosphorylated form of cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (pCREB) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the hippocampus. Finally, resveratrol-treated mice exhibited deficits in hippocampus-dependent spatial learning and memory. Our findings suggest that resveratrol, unlike DR, adversely affects hippocampal neurogenesis and cognitive function by a mechanism involving activation of AMPK and suppression of CREB and BDNF signaling.     

Neuronatin对人视网膜色素上皮细胞增殖迁移的影响

目的:研究胚胎时期表达部位广泛、丰度高,而成年后分化表达的印记基因Neuronatin(Nnat)的两种剪接形式Nnatα和Nnatβ对人视网膜色素上皮细胞(RPE)增殖、迁移的影响。方法:构建Nnatα、β两种剪接形式的表达质粒,转染RPE获得表达该基因的稳定表达细胞株;CCK-8实验检测稳定表达细胞株的增殖能力,流式细胞仪分析细胞周期,细胞划痕实验检测其迁移能力。结果:成功构建了Nnatα和Nnatβ表达质粒,并获得了Nnatα和Nnatβ基因稳定表达PRE细胞株。CCK-8实验结果显示cNNATα组与对照组相比较,增值率为23.33%(P0.05),cNNATβ组相较于对照组无显著性差异,细胞周期分析cNNATα组和cNNATβ组细胞在G2-S期的百分率分别为18.60%、11.11%,对照组细胞的为9.94%;相较于对照组,cNNATα组的细胞迁移能力显著增强,cNNATβ组的细胞迁移能力微弱增强。结论:Nnatα对RPE有一定的增殖作用,其影响主要在S期;同时,Nnatα显著促进RPE细胞的迁移能力。     

Myelin Gene Expression in Immortalized Schwann Cells: Relationship to Cell Density and Proliferation

Abstract: Myelin gene expression was investigated in the immortalized S16 Schwann cell line grown in the presence and absence of serum and at different densities. Protein expression was monitored by western blotting, and message levels were determined by RNase protection assays. To study cell proliferation rates at different cell densities and serum conditions. [³H]thymidine uptake assays and cell counts were performed. Although serum deprivation decreased cell proliferation as expected, the proliferation of S16 cells was unchanged or slightly increased at high density under the conditions of our experiments in either serum-containing or serum-free medium. This increased cell division at high density appeared to be due to greater release of an autocrine growth factor to the medium by dense cell populations. For both sparse and dense cells, substantially more P₀ glycoprotein (P₀) and myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) per milligram of total cellular protein were expressed when the cells were proliferating slowly in defined medium in comparison with more rapidly proliferating cells in serum-containing medium. Furthermore, in both serum-containing and defined media, dense cell populations expressed more MAG and P₀ than sparse ones. P₀ mRNA and MAG mRNA levels generally paralleled protein levels. The level of mRNA for peripheral myelin protein-22 (PMP-22) was also increased at high cell density but did not change much when proliferation was decreased by serum deprivation. PMP-22 protein was not detected under any of the growth conditions. The changes in expression of these genes with growth conditions may be specific for myelin proteins, because the expression of a nonmyelin glycoprotein, L1, remained constant. The level of cyclic AMP in the cells did not change with the different growth conditions tested. The results indicate that the S16 Schwann cell line mimics primary or secondary Schwann cells by down-regulating myelin gene expression when it proliferates more rapidly in the presence of serum. Furthermore, in both the presence and absence of serum, there was greater expression of myelin genes at high cell density that was not associated with a decreased proliferative rate. Because evidence for a role of secretory factors in affecting myelin gene expression was not obtained by treating sparse S16 cells with medium conditioned by dense S16 cells, the results suggest that the higher expression of myelin genes at high density may be mediated by cell-to-cell contact.     

Mitotic activity of the pars intermedia in the female mouse: age-associated variations in proliferation rate and circadian periodicity

We previously reported daily variations in the mitotic activity of the endocrine cells in the pars intermedia of 21- and 28-day-old male mice. Since cellular proliferation might be affected by factors such as sex and age, we undertook the present experiments to study the mitotic activity of the pars intermedia from 14-, 28-, and 150-day-old female mice. Inbred C3H/S mice, grouped according to age, were housed under standard conditions (12h each of light and dark [LD 12:12]) for periodicity analysis and were killed in lots of 5-11 animals every 4h over a single 24h cycle, with each mouse receiving 2 μg/g of colchicine 4h before decapitation. Pituitaries were excised, extracted, fixed in buffered formaldehyde, embedded in celloidin-paraffin, sectioned at 5 μm, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. We counted the total number of nuclei to estimate the total number of cells monitored and then calculated the mitotic index (metaphases/1000 nuclei). Differences were analyzed for statistical significance by the Student t test. While the 14-day-old animals manifested no significant changes in mitotic activity during the 24h cycle, the 28- and 150-day-old mice showed higher mitotic indices during the period of darkness. The average mitotic activity over the entire cycle, however, was higher in the two groups of younger animals than in the 150-day-old mice. Moreover, the averages for the 28-day-old females were higher than the corresponding values previously reported by us for male mice of the same age. (Chronobiology International, 17(6), 751-756, 2000)     

miRNA-181a在胃癌细胞增殖和迁移中的作用

miRNA与恶性肿瘤患者的诊断和预后密切相关,为了考察miRNA-181a在胃癌细胞增殖和迁移中的作用,本研究检测了miRNA-181a在胃癌组织中的表达,并通过对人胃癌细胞系MGC-803转染miR-181a模拟物或抑制剂来考察miR-181a对细胞迁移和增殖的影响。RT-PCR显示,miRNA-181a在胃癌组织中的表达水平显著高于癌旁组织(p<0.05)。伤口愈合实验和Transwell实验显示,转染miR-181a抑制剂或TGF-β受体2(TGFβR2)过表达的pcDNA3.1质粒均可抑制MGC-803细胞的迁移。EdU实验和CCK-8实验显示,转染miR-181a抑制剂或TGFβR2过表达的pcDNA3.1质粒均可抑制MGC-803细胞的增殖。此外,miR-181a抑制剂处理可使TGFβR2蛋白表达明显升高。然而,miR-181a模拟物或抑制剂处理后TGFβR2mRNA水平没有显著变化。总之,本研究表明高表达的miR-181a通过在转录后抑制TGFβR2蛋白表达来促进胃癌细胞的迁移和增殖。miR-181a有望成为胃癌的潜在治疗靶点。     

TFCP2L1在子宫内膜癌细胞增殖及侵袭中的作用

摘要 目的：研究人子宫内膜癌中TFCP2L1的表达情况以及分析TFCP2L1对子宫内膜癌细胞增殖及迁移能力的影响。方法：（1）通过TCGA 及GTEx数据库分析子宫内膜癌中TFCP2L1的表达水平及患者生存期。采用Western blot验证正常子宫内膜上皮细胞与多种子宫内膜癌细胞系中TFCP2L1的表达情况。（2）使用CRISPR-Cas9技术敲除Ishikawa细胞系的TFCP2L1,并用流式分选技术筛选单个细胞进行培养,形成单克隆细胞系,以此来研究TFCP2L1对子宫内膜癌的细胞周期和细胞增殖的影响。通过 Western blot 及细胞免疫荧光检测细胞周期相关蛋白的表达,检测细胞增殖情况,采用平板克隆实验及CCK8实验。（3）通过Transwell小室及划痕实验对侵袭和转移能力进行检测。结果：TCGA 及GTEx数据库分析发现TFCP2L1在子宫内膜癌中高表达且与肿瘤患者预后不良相关。敲除TFCP2L1后,Ki67、Cyclin D1 和 Cyclin D2的蛋白水平显著下调,CCK8及平板克隆实验结果表明,敲除TFCP2L1能够显著降低子宫内膜癌细胞的增殖能力。划痕实验及Transwell侵袭实验结果表明敲除TFCP2L1的子宫内膜癌细胞侵袭迁移能力均减弱。结论：本研究证明了TFCP21L1是子宫内膜癌的促癌因子。TFCP2L1的高表达可能与子宫内膜癌预后不良相关。敲除TFCP2L1可以抑制子宫内膜癌的侵袭和转移。     

抗酶1基因转染对HeLa细胞增殖及细胞周期的抑制作用

研究抗酶(antizyme)1对人宫颈癌HeLa细胞增殖与细胞周期的影响,并分析抗酶1对细胞周期蛋白D1(cyclin D1)的表达影响.采用定点突变技术,将抗酶1的frameshift位点缺失,随后将突变基因重组至真核表达载体pEGFP-N1中,鉴定后转染HeLa细胞.通过MTT法检测细胞增殖变化,流式细胞术分析抗酶1对细胞周期的影响.RT-PCR和Western印迹检测抗酶1转染对细胞周期蛋白 D1基因表达的影响.酶切结果显示,抗酶1突变基因成功克隆至pEGFP-N1中.成功转染HeLa细胞后,检测结果显示,抗酶1能够减慢HeLa细胞增殖速度,并使细胞停滞于G₀/G₁期,细胞周期蛋白D1基因的表达同时受到抑制.实验说明,抗酶1基因能够抑制HeLa细胞增殖,通过降低细胞周期蛋白D1的表达阻滞细胞周期.     

Geographical distribution and disease associations of the CD45 exon 6 138G variant

CD45 is crucial for normal lymphocyte signalling, and altered CD45 expression has major effects on immune function. Both mice and humans lacking CD45 expression are severely immunodeficient, and single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the CD45 gene that cause altered splicing have been associated with autoimmune and infectious diseases. Recently, we identified an exon 6 A138G polymorphism resulting in an increased proportion of activated CD45RO T cells and altered immune function. Here we report a significantly reduced frequency of the 138G allele in hepatitis C Japanese patients and a possibly reduced frequency in type I diabetes. The allele is widely distributed in the Far East and India, indicating that it may have a significant effect on disease burden in a large part of the human population.     

Partial characterization of the CD45 phosphatase cDNA in the owl monkey (Aotus vociferans)

CD45 is a protein tyrosine phosphatase implicated in T and B cell activation, differentiation, and development. It dephosphorylates specific tyrosine residues on its substrates, principally on the Src-family of protein tyrosine kinases, thus regulating T cell or B cell activation during the immune response. In this study, we present the partial CD45 nucleotide and deduced amino-acid sequences for the owl monkey (Aotus vociferens). There is 97% identity in the nucleotide sequence and 96% in the amino acid sequence with the human counterpart. Aotus CD45 undergoes alternative splicing on the extracelular N-terminal tail, and has several conserved features characteristic of other species. This includes the two Tyr phosphatase domains and some residues and/or motifs involved in docking of signaling molecules, intramolecular interactions, and CD45 activity and activity regulation (YINAS, GXGXXG, WPD, and YWP motifs, and the Cys residues). This suggests that the Aotus CD45 molecule is a functional enzyme and that initial lymphocyte activation in Aotus monkeys and humans is very similar. Together with previous reports from our laboratory, this work supports the contention that immune responses in Aotus are similar to those of humans, and supports the strategy for using this experimental model for studies on activation of T lymphocytes in response to specific antigens.     

CXCL1 在原发性肝癌中的表达及对人肝癌HepG2细胞增殖的影响

目的:探究CXCL1在原发性肝癌中的表达及对人肝癌HepG2细胞增殖的影响。方法:应用免疫组织化学技术(SP二步法)检测48例原发性肝癌组织、13正常肝脏组织中CXCL1表达情况;通过CCK8试剂盒检测CXCL1对HepG2细胞增殖能力的影响。结果:CXCL1在77.1%的原发性肝癌组织中表达,同时CXCL1在原发性肝癌组织中的表达高于正常肝脏组织,差异有统计学意义(P0.01);不同浓度CXCL1处理人肝癌HepG2细胞后,人肝癌HepG2细胞增殖能力明显增强,并且在一定范围内存在明显的剂量效应。结论:CXCL1在原发性肝癌中表达上调;CXCL1能够促进人肝癌HepG2细胞增殖。     

Let-7a下调k-Ras和c-Myc癌基因的表达抑制肾癌细胞增殖

目的：MicroRNA 是近年发现的一类单链小分子RNA,对它的研究已成为一个新的热点。最近的研究发现,1et-7a 在细胞内影响着基因的表达调控,在疾病发生中起着及极重要的作用,尤其是在肿瘤的发展过程中,let-7a扮演着不可替代的角色。本文主要研究let-7a 在肾癌细胞株中的表达情况及其调控的靶基因、抑制细胞增殖的机制,对探索肾癌的致病基因,寻求肾癌新的治疗途径有重要意义。方法：应用化学合成的let-7a 模拟物（mimics）用脂质体Lipofectamine 2000 在体外瞬时转染786-O 和Caki-1肾癌细胞株,转染48 小时后采用荧光定量RT-PCR的方法检测let-7a 及c-Myc、k-Ras mRNA的表达情况,Western blot 检测这两株肾癌细胞转染了let-7a mimics 后c-Myc 及k-Ras 蛋白的表达变化;转染let-7a mimics 后分别在24、48、72 小时三个时间点用CCK-8 试剂盒检测对肾癌细胞株增殖的影响。结果：786-O 和Caki-1 肾癌细胞株中let-7a 的表达量明显低于正常肾小管上皮细胞株HK-2（P〈0.05）; 转染了let-7amimics的786-O 和Caki-1 肾癌细胞株,RT-PCR 及Western blot 结果显示c-Myc、k-Ras 在基因及蛋白的表达水平明显下调（P〈0.05）;CCK-8 检测结果显示转染了let-7a mimics的肾癌细胞株细胞增殖能力明显明显受到抑制,与阴性对照组比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。结论：Let-7a 在在肿瘤细胞与正常细胞中存在明显差异,let-7a 通过调控c-Myc、k-Ras的表达能抑制肾癌细胞增殖。Let-7a mimics 可以抑制肾癌细胞的增殖,因此上调Let-7a 的表达有可能成为肾癌基因治疗的一种有效治疗手段。     

TGM2对胃癌细胞BGC-823增殖、迁移和侵袭能力的影响

目的:转谷氨酰胺酶-2(transglutaminase-2,TGM2)是一种多功能的蛋白,在乳腺癌,胰腺癌,黑色素瘤和前列腺癌等肿瘤中高表达,而且和肿瘤的增殖和转移密切相关。本研究旨在探索TGM2对胃癌细胞BGC-823的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力的影响。方法:q RT-PCR、蛋白质印迹及免疫组化检测TGM2在胃癌细胞及组织中的表达情况;慢病毒转染胃癌细胞BGC-823以干扰TGM2的表达,荧光显微镜下观察转染效率,蛋白质印迹检测TGM2表达干扰效果;CCK-8法检测TGM2下调对BGC-823增殖能力的影响;Transwell法检测TGM2下调对BGC-823的迁移和侵袭能力影响;蛋白质印迹检测TGM2下调对转移和凋亡相关蛋白表达的影响。结果:TGM2在胃癌细胞和组织中均高表达,P0.01(q RT-PCR),P0.001(免疫组化);转染慢病毒后,荧光显微镜下观察结果显示转染效率超过90%,蛋白质印迹结果显示实验组sh TGM2-1的干扰效果最好,TGM2明显下调,差异具有统计学意义,P0.0001;CCK-8结果表明TGM2下调后,从细胞铺板第2d开始,实验组(sh TGM2-1)的细胞增殖倍数明显下降,P0.05(2d),P0.01(3d),P0.001(4d),P0.01(5d);Transwell结果显示,TGM2下调后,BGC-823的迁移和侵袭能力明显减弱,P0.001(迁移),P0.01(侵袭);蛋白质印迹结果显示,TGM2下调后,NF-κB和Bcl-2表达下调,而Bax表达上调,P0.05(NF-κB)、P0.001(Bcl-2)和P0.0001(Bax)。结论:TGM2下调能抑制胃癌细胞BGC-823的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力,并和NF-κB、Bcl-2的下调以及和Bax的表达水平上调有关,为胃癌的临床治疗提供了新靶点。