抑癌因子对Ehrlich腹水癌细胞结构、表面形态和聚集能力的影响

本文用透射与扫描电镜方法研究了抑癌因子对Ehrlich腹水癌细胞的作用。发现,在抑癌因子作用下,肿瘤细胞内部结构破坏,表面形态趋于简化。在抑癌因子作用早期(4—8小时),肿瘤细胞聚集能力增加,这种变化可能具有肿瘤专一性;在抑癌因子作用18小时时,肿瘤细胞聚集能力下降,这可能与此时细胞大部分死亡有关。     

细胞膜糖蛋白的研究——分光光度法定量研究刀豆球蛋白A与小鼠腹水癌细胞的凝集反应

糖蛋白是细胞表面的重要成份,在细胞识别、粘着性、药物和激素的反应、病毒结合和物质传递诸方面的作用已基本肯定。很可能还与细胞的分裂控制有关。近年来受到日益广泛的重视,建立了一些测定其组成、分布和生化特性的技术。从植物提取的某些蛋白质,能高度特异地、牢固地与细胞膜的受体结合并使细胞凝集,因而可作为膜的分子“探针”来研究膜结构和空间配置等情况。受体的性质是糖蛋白,可能还有     

诸葛菜花粉粒表面伴刀豆球蛋白A受体扫描电镜观察

诸葛菜花粉粒表面伴刀豆球蛋白Ａ受体扫描电镜观察刘智慧,郑常文,董长江,黄玉祥,罗鹏（四川大学生物系,成都６１００６４）张明珍（四川师范大学生物系,成都６１００６６）有花植物的有性生殖过程是从花粉粒与柱头表面某些识别物质的特异性作用开始的,尽管花粉粒和...     

正常牛胰RNA对Ehrlich腹水癌细胞的抑制和杀伤作用

近年来,人们已开始把各种外源性核酸用于生物体,例如,免疫核糖核酸以mRNA的作用来增加淋巴细胞的免疫活性,释放淋巴毒素,杀伤瘤细胞;淋巴组织的双股RNAn对瘤细胞有一定毒性并抑制其生长,还有淋巴组织RNA不介导淋巴细胞而直接杀伤瘤细胞等。我们曾在外源性RNA对EATC形态变化的影响实验中发现,与脑、胸腺、脾淋巴结等组织RNA相比,胰脏RNA更显著地抑制EATC的生长,并有改变其形态的作用。不仅     

伴刀豆球蛋白A对培养静止软骨细胞形态和DNA合成的影响

培养的静止软骨细胞用ＣｏｎＡ处理后,细胞形态从扁平形变成多角形、圆形与球形,同时可以观察到细胞周边存在大量的具有折光特点的细胞外基质。ＣｏｎＡ能够完全抑制软骨细胞ＤＮＡ的合成,ＬＤ５０为０．４－１．０μｇ／ｍｌ。ＣｏｎＡ抑制ＤＮＡ合成的作用是可逆的。２０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ的ＭｅＭａｎ能够完全阻断其对软骨细胞形态和ＤＮＡ合成的影响。     

伴刀豆球蛋白A对培养静止软骨细胞形态和DNA合成的影响

培养的静止软骨细胞用ConA处理后,细胞形态从扁平形变成多角形、圆形与球形,同时可以观察到细胞周边存在大量的具有折光特点的细胞外基质。ConA能够完全抑制软骨细胞DNA的合成,LD_(50)为0.4—1.0μg/ml。ConA抑制DNA合成的作用是可逆的。20mmol/L的MeMan能够完全阻断其对软骨细胞形态和DNA合成的影响。     

伴刀豆球蛋白A与巨噬细胞膜受体结合引起膜蛋白和膜脂分子运动及电荷的变化

本文利用荧光漂白恢复,顺磁共振和细胞电泳等技术研究外源性配体伴刀豆球蛋白A与巨噬细胞膜受体结合后膜蛋白及膜脂分子运动以及细胞表面电荷变化,结果表明,细胞膜表面蛋白分子侧向扩散速度减慢;膜脂分子流动性减慢,烃链有序性增强;细胞电泳速度加快。此等对阐明伴刀豆球蛋白A作为外源信息导致细胞膜分子动力学变化以及电荷改变有重要的生物学意义。     

BINDING OF CONCANAVALIN A TO THE SURFACE OF STARFISH FOLLICLE CELLS AND PRODUCTION OF 1-METHYLADENINE

Starfish follicle cells, treated with concanavalin A (Con A), continued to produce 1-methyl-adenine (1-MeAde), an inducer of starfish oocyte maturation, after rinsing with artificial seawater (ASW). On the other hand, they ceased to produce the substance if treated with methyl α-Dmannoside (αMM). These cells produced again 1-MeAde when re-stimulated with Con A after removal of αMM. An optical study with fluorescein revealed that Con A bound to the cells was not dissociated by rinsing with ASW, but was removed if the cells were treated with αMM. These results suggest that continuous binding of Con A to the surface of the follicle cells is essential for the production of 1-MeAde.     

ConA结合引起的Ehrlich腹水癌细胞成帽能力、入胞作用、表面形态及细胞膜流动性的变化

利用透射电镜下正电荷铁蛋白标记技术,扫描电镜法和荧光偏振技术,发现ConA结合于Ehrlich腹水癌细胞表面可导致细胞成帽能力下降,入胞作用受抑,表面形态简化以及膜流动性下降等变化.讨论了这些变化之间的可能联系.     

CONCANAVALIN A-INDUCED AGGLUTINATION AND BINDING OF CON A TO THE DIFFERENTIATING CELLS OF DICTYOSTELIUM DISCOIDEUM

Changes in agglutinability of Dictyostelium discoideum cells with Concanavalin A (Con A) during the course of development were investigated. The agglutinability of the cells was assayed under conditions where no spontaneous cell agglutination occurred. It was found that there was a progressive decrease in Con A-induced agglutinability during development: a decrease to half from exponentially growing cells to preaggregation cells, and to sixth in disaggregated slug cells. Pronase-BAL treatment of preaggregation cells did not enhance their agglutinability with Con A. The amounts of sites available for binding Con A were determined with preaggregation and slug cells. Cells were incubated at 4°C and in the presence of NaN₃ to avoid possible endocytosis of Con A. No significant differences in numbers of Con A-binding sites per unit area of cell surface was detected among preaggregation cells, those treated with pronase and BAL and cells disaggregated from slugs by similar treatment. It was thus concluded that the decrease in Con A-induced agglutinability during development is not attributable to changes in the numbers of Con A-binding sites.     

带电磷脂膜泡的内、外表面电荷密度和表面电位

本文按Gouy-Chapman理论,推导了稳定条件下磷脂膜泡膜内、外表面电荷密度/表面电位关系和表面电位分布以及带电磷脂在膜泡内外两侧的不对称分布的近似表达式.并对这些表示式的极限情况和可能的应用进行了讨论,同时对带电磷脂在膜泡膜内、外两侧的不对称分布也作了讨论.     

CELL PROLIFERATION IN NEWLY TRANSPLANTED EHRLICH ASCITES TUMOR CELLS

• 1 Ehrlich ascites tumor cells collected from donor mice on the 5th day after inoculation were injected into the peritoneal cavity of new recipient mice.
• 2 Cell cycle times were drastically shortened by transplantation, for instance, the length of the cell cycle from 47 to 21.5 hr, and the duration of S from 26.5 to 16.5 hr.
• 3 Transplantation also caused a transient delay of cells in G₂ followed by a rapid acceleration and produced an immediate increase in the number of cells in DNA synthesis by about 5–8%.

     

3'''',5''''-cAMP对艾氏腹水癌细胞膜功能的作用(cAMP的转运和膜蛋白分子的侧向运动)

本工作用外源性cAMP加氨茶碱处理艾氏腹水癌小鼠,于不同瘤龄期观察到癌细胞膜对cAMP的转运功能和膜内蛋白质分子侧向扩散运动的变化、以及膜内可动性蛋白质分子的百分比的改变。这些表型变化均在接种后5—7天最为显著。接种后第7天,实验组癌细胞膜对cAMP的转运加强,而膜内蛋白质分子侧向扩散运动??减慢,抑制率达72.8%,二者P值均小于0.01。而接种后第9天,实验组与对照组之间二者变化均无统计学差异。这些变化表现了癌细胞膜的功能状态的变化。进一步阐明了我们过去工作——3’,5’-cAMP对体内艾氏腹水癌细胞作用机理,接种后第9天癌细胞内cAMP水平升高不是外源性cAMP的积累,而是内源性的代谢结果;阐明了接种后第5天cAMP-PDE活性下降的动因。同时我们也进一步看到膜功能、膜结构和胞质内cAMP水平及其二酯酶活性等变化的动力学关系,以及它们和癌细胞增殖抑制之间的相互关系。从而说明这些变化在癌细胞“逆转”中的意义与其内在联系。     

EHRLICH ASCITES TUMOR (EAT) CHALONE EFFECTS ON NASCENT DNA SYNTHESIS AND DNA POLYMERASE ALPHA AND BETA

EAT chalone effects on nascent DNA synthesis and DNA polymerase were examined. Concentration related inhibition of ³H-thymidine (³H-TdR) incorporation into EAT cell DNA was noted over a chalone range of 50–200 μg/ml. RNA synthesis was not affected, but protein synthesis decreased an average of 82% during 3 hr. Nascent DNA pulse-labeled for 2 min was normally incorporated into bulk DNA in the presence of chalone, but crude α and β-polymerase activities were inhibited. Crude DNA polymerase from C₃H mouse kidney and spleen was also partially inhibited by EAT chalone, suggesting non-specific inhibition of DNA polymerase. Preincubation studies of chalone with crude EAT DNA polymerase or ‘gapped’ DNA primer had no effect on chalone activity. Chalone may control mitotic activity by inhibiting α- and β-polymerase activity, thereby decreasing nascent DNA synthesis. Nascent DNA is incorporated normally into bulk DNA in the presence of chalone, indicating that DNA ligase is not inhibited.     

癌基因表达与膜分子侧向运动和cAMP转运的相关性(环核苷酸对癌细胞作用)

Ehrlich癌细胞在cAMP诱导下,于接种后5-7天癌基因c-myc、c-fos、c-H-ras、c-sis的表达强烈被抑制.与此同时癌细胞膜对cAMP转运增强.膜蛋白分子扩散系数[D]值下降,均以接种后7天最为显著P<0.01.可动分子百分比提高.这反映出癌细胞的分化变异.但至接种后9天,上述癌基因重新表达,膜蛋白分子扩散系数上升,cAMP转运下降,这可能是导致接种后11天癌细胞增殖急剧上升,细胞内cAMP水平下降的原因.说明Ehrlich细胞在去恶化及恶化过程中,癌基因表达变异.膜蛋白分子运动和癌细胞多种表型之间密切相关.     

定量研究细胞表面蛋白质分子与其配位体(抗体)之间的动态结合

以定量方法确定细胞表面蛋白质分子的动态行为,可深入了介细胞的生命活动。 本文研究FITC—11—4—1Fab和11—4—1Fab同时与细胞表面糖蛋白分子进行竞争性抑制结合,测定一定时间内FITC—11—4—1Fab与Clld细胞表面糖蛋白分子的专一性结合的机率,这有助于了介细胞表面糖蛋白分子的结构和运动。 用荧光分光光度计定量的测量FITC—11—4—1Fab和11—4—1Fab对Clld细胞表面糖蛋白分子进行竞争性抑制结合后所发出的相对荧光强度,再经过计算得知每一Clld细胞表面所能确切结合的FITC—11—4—1Fab分子的真正数目。 实验结果证明FITC—11—4—1Fab的浓度增大,则每一Clld细胞表面糖蛋白分子真正能结合的FITC—11—4—1Fab数目也增多。