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1.
The optical properties, i.e., absorption and scattering spectra of ten strains of cyanobacteria from the Baltic Sea and Pomeranian lakes (Aphanizomenon flos-aquae KAC 15, Microcystis aeruginosa CCNP 1101, Anabaena sp. CCNP 1406, Synechocystis salina CCNP 1104, Phormidium sp. CCNP 1317, Nodularia spumigena CCNP 1401, Synechococcus sp. CCNP 1108, Nostoc sp. CCNP 1411, Cyanobacterium sp. CCNP 1105, Pseudanabaena cf. galeata CCNP 1312) grown under low light conditions were investigated. Moreover, the chlorophylls, carotenoids, and phycobilin composition as well as the size structure of chosen cyanobacteria were measured. Studied species revealed high diversity both in optical properties with the absorption spectra similarity index ranging from 0.67 to 0.94 and the pigment composition. The chlorophyll-specific absorption coefficient at 440 nm a ph *(440) varied between 0.017 and 0.065 m2 mg?1. The influence of the package effect was only observed in the case of large filamentous cyanobacteria like N. spumigena or Nostoc sp. Interestingly, the package effect factor Q a *(675) for large-celled Anabaena sp. was 0.92. Besides chlorophyll a, only echinenone, β-carotene, and phycocyanin were present in all analyzed cyanobacteria strains. Zeaxanthin, which is widely used as a marker pigment for cyanobacteria, was absent in the toxic N. spumigena and Anabaena sp., which are the species that occur in the Baltic Sea most frequently causing summer cyanobacterial blooms. The investigation also showed that the sample preservation technique can introduce some major errors within the absorption band affected by the phycocyanin absorption. 相似文献
2.
Dajana Blagojević Olivera Babić Milena Rašeta Filip Šibul Ljiljana Janjušević Jelica Simeunović 《Journal of applied phycology》2018,30(4):2337-2346
In the present study, ethanolic extracts of ten cyanobacterial strains cultivated under different nitrogen conditions were assessed for the phenolic content and antioxidant activity. The amount of detected phenolic compounds ranged from 14.86 to 701.69 μg g?1 dry weight (dw) and HPLC-MS/MS analysis revealed gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, quinic acid, catechin, epicatechin, kaempferol, rutin and apiin. Only catechin, among the detected phenolics, was present in all the tested strains, while quinic acid was the most dominant compound in all the tested Nostoc strains. The results also indicated the possibility of increasing the phenolic content in cyanobacterial biomass by manipulating nitrogen conditions, such as in the case of quinic acid in Nostoc 2S7B from 70.83 to 594.43 μg g?1 dw. The highest radical scavenging activity in DPPH assay expressed Nostoc LC1B with IC50 value of 0.04?±?0.01 mg mL?1, while Nostoc 2S3B with IC50 =?9.47?±?3.61 mg mL?1 was the least potent. Furthermore, the reducing power determined by FRAP assay ranged from 8.36?±?0.08 to 21.01?±?1.66 mg AAE g?1, and it was significantly different among the tested genera. The Arthrospira strains exhibited the highest activity, which in the case of Arthrospira S1 was approximately twofold higher in comparison to those in nitrogen-fixing strains. In addition to this, statistical analysis has indicated that detected phenolics were not major contributor to antioxidant capacities of tested cyanobacteria. However, this study highlights cyanobacteria of the genera Nostoc, Anabaena, and Arthrospira as producers of antioxidants and phenolics with pharmacological and health-beneficial effects, i.e., quinic acid and catechin in particular. 相似文献
3.
Yun-Yeong Lee Tae Gwan Kim Kyung-suk Cho 《Bioprocess and biosystems engineering》2016,39(6):1005-1014
A novel dissimilatory iron-reducing bacteria, Klebsiella sp. IR21, was isolated from the anode biofilm of an MFC reactor. Klebsiella sp. IR21 reduced 27.8 % of ferric iron to ferrous iron demonstrating that Klebsiella sp. IR21 has electron transfer ability. Additionally, Klebsiella sp. IR21 generated electricity forming a biofilm on the anode surface. When a pure culture of Klebsiella sp. IR21 was supplied into a single chamber, air–cathode MFC fed with a mixture of glucose and acetate (500 mg L?1 COD), 40–60 mV of voltage (17–26 mA m?2 of current density) was produced. Klebsiella sp. IR21 was also utilized as a biocatalyst to improve the electrical performance of a conventional MFC reactor. A single chamber, air–cathode MFC was fed with reject wastewater (10,000 mg L?1 COD) from a H2 fermentation reactor. The average voltage, current density, and power density were 142.9 ± 25.74 mV, 60.5 ± 11.61 mA m?2, and 8.9 ± 3.65 mW m?2, respectively, in the MFC without inoculation of Klebsiella sp. IR21. However, these electrical performances of the MFC were significantly increased to 204.7 ± 40.24 mV, 87.5 ± 17.20 mA m?2, and 18.6 ± 7.23 mW m?2, respectively, with inoculation of Klebsiella sp. IR21. The results indicate that Klebsiella sp. IR21 can be utilized as a biocatalyst for enhancement of electrical performance in MFC systems. 相似文献
4.
Zheng-Fei Yan Pei Lin Chang-Tian Li MooChang Kook Tae-Hoo Yi 《Antonie van Leeuwenhoek》2018,111(11):2087-2094
A Gram-stain positive, aerobic, non-motile, endospore-forming and rod-shaped strain (THG-NT9T) was isolated from a green tea sample. Growth occurred at 20–45 °C (optimum 28–35 °C), at pH 6.0–8.0 (optimum 7.0) and at 0–2.0% NaCl (optimum 0%). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the near phylogenetic neighbours of strain THG-NT9T were identified as Scopulibacillus daqui DSM 28236T (98.6%), Scopulibacillus darangshiensis DSM 19377T (97.4%), Pullulanibacillus pueri CGMCC 1.12777T (96.7%) and Pullulanibacillus camelliae CGMCC 1.15371T (96.3%). The DNA G?+?C content of strain THG-NT9T was determined to be 47.5 mol %. DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain THG-NT9T and S. daqui DSM 28236T, S. darangshiensis DSM 19377T, P. pueri CGMCC 1.12777T, P. camelliae CGMCC 1.15371T and Pullulanibacillus naganoensis DSM 10191T were 41.3?±?0.1 (39.4?±?0.4% reciprocal analysis), 39.1?±?0.1 (37.3?±?0.1%), 21.4?±?0.7 (20.1?±?0.3%), 20.7?±?0.1 (20.1?±?0.4%) and 12.1?±?0.2% (8.3?±?0.2%). The polar lipids were identified as diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and three unidentified lipids. The quinone was identified as MK-7. The major fatty acids were C18:3 ω7c, iso-C15:0, iso-C16:0, iso-C17:0 and anteiso-C17:0. The cell wall type was determined to be A1γ peptidoglycan with meso-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid plus alanine and glutamic acid and glucose as the cell wall sugar. On the basis of the phylogenetic analysis, chemotaxonomic data, physiological characteristics, and DNA–DNA hybridization data, strain THG-NT9T represents a novel species of the genus Scopulibacillus, for which the name Scopulibacillus cellulosilyticus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is THG-NT9T (=?KCTC 33918T?=?CGMCC 1.16305T). 相似文献
5.
Duahmet Abdul Ruiz-Güereca M. del Pilar Sánchez-Saavedra 《Journal of applied phycology》2016,28(3):1501-1507
This study examined the co-immobilization of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus with the plant growth-promoting bacterium Azospirillum brasilense in alginate beads and its potential application for the removal of phosphorus from aquaculture wastewater. Co-immobilization of both microorganisms significantly increased the cell density of S. elongatus (2852.5?×?104 cells mL?1) compared with that of immobilization of cyanobacteria alone (1325.2?×?104 cells mL?1). Chlorophyll a content was similar in co-immobilized (11.1?±?3.5 pg cell?1) and immobilized S. elongatus (14.5?±?4.9 pg cell?1). Azospirillum brasilense showed continuous growth until day 2, after which its cell concentration declined until the end of the assay. Co-immobilized S. elongatus removed more phosphorus (44.8 %) than immobilized cyanobacteria cells alone (32.0 %). In conclusion, phosphate removal was greater with free cells of S. elongatus but overlapped with the values that were obtained with the treatment of co-immobilization of cells. Our results demonstrate that A. brasilense enhances the growth of S. elongatus and improves its removal of phosphorus when they are co-immobilized in alginate beads compared with only immobilization of cyanobacteria cells alone. 相似文献
6.
Pei Lin Zheng-Fei Yan Chang-Tian Li MooChang Kook Tae-Hoo Yi 《Antonie van Leeuwenhoek》2018,111(10):1777-1784
A Gram-stain negative, aerobic, motile by flagella, rod-shaped strain (THG-T16T) was isolated from rhizosphere of Hibiscus syriacus. Growth occurred at 10–40 °C (optimum 28–30 °C), at pH 6.0–8.0 (optimum 7.0) and at 0–1.0% NaCl (optimum 0%). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the near phylogenetic neighbours of strain THG-T16T were identified as Nibribacter koreensis KACC 16450T (98.6%), Rufibacter roseus KCTC 42217T (94.7%), Rufibacter immobilis CCTCC AB 2013351T (94.5%) and Rufibacter tibetensis CCTCC AB 208084T (94.4%). The DNA G+C content of strain THG-T16T was determined to be 46.7 mol%. DNA–DNA hybridization values between strain THG-T16T and N. koreensis KACC 16450T, R. roseus KCTC 42217T, R. immobilis CCTCC AB 2013351T, R.tibetensis CCTCC AB 208084T were 33.5?±?0.5% (31.7?±?0.7% reciprocal analysis), 28.1?±?0.2% (25.2?±?0.2%), 17.1?±?0.9% (10.2?±?0.6%) and 8.1?±?0.3% (5.2?±?0.1%). The polar lipids were identified as phosphatidylethanolamine, two unidentified aminophospholipids, an unidentified aminolipid and three unidentified lipids. The quinone was identified as MK-7 and the polyamine as sym-homospermidine. The major fatty acids were identified as C16:1 ω5c, C17:1 ω6c, iso-C15:0, summed feature 3 (C16:1 ω7c and/or C16:1 ω6c) and summed feature 4 (iso-C17:1 I and/or anteiso-C17:1 B). On the basis of the phylogenetic analysis, chemotaxonomic data, physiological characteristics, and DNA–DNA hybridization data, strain THG-T16T represents a novel species of the genus Nibribacter, for which the name Nibribacter flagellatus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is THG-T16T(=?KACC 19188T?=?CCTCC AB 2016246T). 相似文献
7.
The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of co-inoculation with phosphate-solubilizing and nitrogen-fixing rhizobacteria on growth promotion, yield, and nutrient uptake by wheat. Out of twenty-five bacteria isolated from the rhizosphere soils of cereal, vegetable, and agro-forestry plants in eastern Uttar Pradesh, three superior most plant growth-promoting (PGP) isolates were characterized as Serratia marcescens, Microbacterium arborescens, and Enterobacter sp. based on their biochemical and 16S rDNA gene sequencing data and selected them for evaluating their PGP effects on growth and yield of wheat. Among them, Enterobacter sp. and M. arborescens fixed significantly higher amounts (9.32?±?0.57 and 8.89?±?0.58 mg Ng?1 carbon oxidized, respectively) of atmospheric nitrogen and produced higher amounts (27.06?±?1.70 and 26.82?±?1.63 TP 100 µg mL?1, respectively) of IAA in vitro compared to S. marcescens (8.32?±?0.39 mg Ng?1 carbon oxidized and 21.29?±?0.99 TP 100 µg mL?1). Although both M. arborescens and S. marcescens solubilized remarkable amounts of phosphate from tricalcium phosphate likely through production of organic acids, however, Enterobacter sp. was inactive. The effects of these three rhizobacteria were evaluated on wheat in alluvial soils of the Indo-Gangetic Plain by inoculation of plants with bacterial isolates either alone or in combinations in both pot and field conditions for two successive years. Rhizobacterial inoculation either alone or in consortium of varying combinations significantly (P?≤?0.05) increased growth and yield of wheat compared to mock inoculated controls. A consortium of two or three rhizobacterial isolates also significantly increased plant height, straw yield, grain yield, and test weight of wheat in both pot and field trials compared to single application of any of these isolates. Among the rhizobacterial treatment, co-inoculation of three rhizobacteria (Enterobacter, M. arborescens and S. marcescens) performed best in promotion of growth, yield, and nutrient (N, P, Cu, Zn, Mn, and Fe) uptake by wheat. Taken together, our results suggest that co-inoculation of Enterobacter with S. marcescens and M. arborescens could be used for preparation of an effective formulation of PGP consortium for eco-friendly and sustainable production of wheat. 相似文献
8.
Daniel L. Warner Samuel Villarreal Kelsey McWilliams Shreeram Inamdar Rodrigo Vargas 《Ecosystems》2017,20(6):1205-1216
Forest soils and canopies are major components of ecosystem CO2 and CH4 fluxes. In contrast, less is known about coarse woody debris and living tree stems, both of which function as active surfaces for CO2 and CH4 fluxes. We measured CO2 and CH4 fluxes from soils, coarse woody debris, and tree stems over the growing season in an upland temperate forest. Soils were CO2 sources (4.58 ± 2.46 µmol m?2 s?1, mean ± 1 SD) and net sinks of CH4 (?2.17 ± 1.60 nmol m?2 s?1). Coarse woody debris was a CO2 source (4.23 ± 3.42 µmol m?2 s?1) and net CH4 sink, but with large uncertainty (?0.27 ± 1.04 nmol m?2 s?1) and with substantial differences depending on wood decay status. Stems were CO2 sources (1.93 ± 1.63 µmol m?2 s?1), but also net CH4 sources (up to 0.98 nmol m?2 s?1), with a mean of 0.11 ± 0.21 nmol m?2 s?1 and significant differences depending on tree species. Stems of N. sylvatica, F. grandifolia, and L. tulipifera consistently emitted CH4, whereas stems of A. rubrum, B. lenta, and Q. spp. were intermittent sources. Coarse woody debris and stems accounted for 35% of total measured CO2 fluxes, whereas CH4 emissions from living stems offset net soil and CWD CH4 uptake by 3.5%. Our results demonstrate the importance of CH4 emissions from living stems in upland forests and the need to consider multiple forest components to understand and interpret ecosystem CO2 and CH4 dynamics. 相似文献
9.
Inheritance pattern of wood traits viz. specific gravity, fibre dimensions and fibre-derived biometrical indices and their interactions among themselves and with that of growth are reported in Hevea brasiliensis. Girth (h2 =???0.02?±?0.44 to h2 =?0.35?±?0.24) showed moderate genetic control. Among wood traits, specific gravity (h2?=?0.15?±?0.31 to h2 =?0.33?±?0.28) was found to be under moderate genetic control. Fibre traits viz., fibre length (h2 =???0.26?±?0.30 to h2 =?0.50?±?0.34), fibre diameter (h2 =?0.19?±?0.49 to h2 =?0.70?±?0.11), fibre lumen diameter (h2 =???0.18?±?0.35 to h2 =?0.56?±?0.47) and fibre wall thickness (h2 =???5.17?±?5.26 to h2 =?0.50?±?0.50) were under moderate to strong genetic control. Among fibre-derived indices, flexibility coefficient (h2 =?0.48?±?0.21 to h2 =?0.89?±?0.29) showed moderate to very strong genetic control. The Runkel ratio (h2 =???0.40?±?0.27 to h2 =?0.42?±?0.29) and slenderness ratio (h2 =???0.36?±?0.29 to h2 =?0.43?±?0.28) showed moderate genetic control. Girth showed very strong positive genetic correlation with fibre wall thickness and strong positive correlation with fibre width indicating scope of indirect selection potential for these traits. Wood specific gravity was not correlated with either girth or fibre traits. Hence, it would be possible to concomitantly improve growth and fibre traits without adversely affecting wood specific gravity. Moderate to very high estimates of heritability for fibre traits, girth and specific gravity indicated that considerable genetic gain can be realised for these traits. Implications of the above findings in genetic improvement of wood in Hevea are discussed. 相似文献
10.
D. Y. Rahman F. D. Sarian A. van Wijk M. Martinez-Garcia M. J. E. C. van der Maarel 《Journal of applied phycology》2017,29(3):1233-1239
The demand for natural food colorants is growing as consumers question the use of artificial colorants more and more. The phycobiliprotein C-phycocyanin of Arthospira platensis is used as a natural blue colorant in certain food products. The thermoacidophilic red microalga Cyanidioschyzon merolae might provide an alternative source of phycocyanin. Cyanidioschyzon merolae belongs to the order Cyanidiophyceae of the phylum Rhodophyta. Its natural habitat are sulfuric hot springs and geysers found near volcanic areas in, e.g., Yellowstone National Park in the USA and in Java, Indonesia. It grows optimally at a pH between 0.5 and 3.0 and at temperatures up to 56 °C. The low pH at which C. merolae grows minimizes the risk of microbial contamination and could limit production loss. As C. merolae lacks a cell wall, phycocyanin with a high purity number of 9.9 could be extracted by an osmotic shock using a simple ultrapure water extraction followed by centrifugation. The denaturation midpoint at pH 5 was 83 °C, being considerably higher than the A. platensis phycocyanin (65 °C). The C. merolae phycocyanin was relatively stable at pH 4 and 5 up to 80 °C. The high thermostability at slightly acidic pH makes the C. merolae phycocyanin an interesting alternative to A. platensis phycocyanin as a natural blue food colorant. 相似文献
11.
Changling Zhang Haifeng Pan Lingli Yao Wenna Bao Jinxin Wang Zhipeng Xie Jianguo Zhang 《Biotechnology letters》2016,38(8):1301-1306
Objectives
To enhance activity of cis-epoxysuccinate hydrolase from Klebsiella sp. BK-58 for converting cis-epoxysuccinate to tartrate.Results
By semi-saturation mutagenesis, all the mutants of the six important conserved residues almost completely lost activity. Then random mutation by error-prone PCR and high throughput screening were further performed to screen higher activity enzyme. We obtained a positive mutant F10D after screening 6000 mutations. Saturation mutagenesis on residues Phe10 showed that most of mutants exhibited higher activity than the wild-type, and the highest mutant was F10Q with activity of 812 U mg?1 (k cat /K m , 9.8 ± 0.1 mM?1 s?1), which was 230 % higher than that of wild-type enzyme 355 U mg?1 (k cat /K m , 5.3 ± 0.1 mM?1 s?1). However, the thermostability of the mutant F10Q slightly decreased.Conclusions
The catalytic activity of a cis-epoxysuccinate hydrolase was efficient improved by a single mutation F10Q and Phe10 might play an important role in the catalysis.12.
Marco Graziano Raul Benito Josep V. Planas Arjan P. Palstra 《BMC developmental biology》2018,18(1):10
Background
Male European seabass, already predominant (~?70%) in cultured stocks, show a high incidence (20–30%) of precocious sexual maturation under current aquaculture practices, leading to important economic losses for the industry. In view of the known modulation of reproductive development by swimming exercise in other teleost species, we aimed at investigating the effects of sustained swimming on reproductive development in seabass males during the first year of life in order to determine if swimming could potentially reduce precocious sexual maturation.Methods
Pre-pubertal seabass (3.91?±?0.22 g of body weight (BW)) were subjected to a 10 week swimming regime at their optimal swimming speed (Uopt) in an oval-shaped Brett-type flume or kept at rest during this period. Using Blazka-type swim tunnels, Uopt was determined three times during the course of the experiment: 0.66 m s??1 at 19?±?1 g BW, 10.2?±?0.2 cm of standard length (SL) (week 1); 0.69 m s??1 at 38?±?3 g BW, 12.7?±?0.3 cm SL (week 5), and also 0.69 m s??1 at 77?±?7 g BW, 15.7?±?0.5 cm SL (week 9). Every 2 weeks, size and gonadal weight were monitored in the exercised (N?=?15) and non-exercised fish (N?=?15). After 10 weeks, exercised and non-exercised males were sampled to determine plasma 11-ketotestosterone levels, testicular mRNA expression levels of genes involved in steroidogenesis and gametogenesis by qPCR, as well as the relative abundance of germ cells representing the different spermatogenic stages by histological examination.Results
Our results indicate that sustained swimming exercise at Uopt delays testicular development in male European seabass as evidenced by decreased gonado-somatic index, slower progression of testicular development and by reduced mRNA expression levels of follicle stimulating hormone receptor (fshR), 3-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3βhsd), 11-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11βhsd), estrogen receptor-beta (erβ2), anti-mullerian hormone (amh), structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 1B (smc1β), inhibin beta A (inhba) and gonado-somal derived factor 1 (gsdf1) in exercised males as compared with the non-exercised males.Conclusions
Swimming exercise may represent a natural and non-invasive tool to reduce the incidence of sexually precocious males in seabass aquaculture.13.
Paolo Ascenzi Diego Sbardella Federica Sinibaldi Roberto Santucci Massimo Coletta 《Journal of biological inorganic chemistry》2016,21(3):421-432
Horse heart carboxymethylated cytc (CM-cytc) displays myoglobin-like properties. Here, the effect of cardiolipin (CL) liposomes on the nitrite reductase activity of ferrous CM-cytc [CM-cytc-Fe(II)], in the presence of sodium dithionite, is reported between pH 5.5 and 7.6, at 20.0 °C. Cytc-Fe(II) displays a very low value of the apparent second-order rate constant for the NO2 ?-mediated conversion of cytc-Fe(II) to cytc-Fe(II)-NO [k on = (7.3 ± 0.7) × 10?2 M?1 s?1; at pH 7.4], whereas the value of k on for NO2 ? reduction by CM-cytc-Fe(II) is 1.1 ± 0.2 M?1 s?1 (at pH 7.4). CL facilitates the NO2 ?-mediated nitrosylation of CM-cytc-Fe(II) in a dose-dependent manner, the value of k on for the NO2 ?-mediated conversion of CL–CM-cytc-Fe(II) to CL–CM-cytc-Fe(II)-NO (5.6 ± 0.6 M?1 s?1; at pH 7.4) being slightly higher than that for the NO2 ?-mediated conversion of CL–cytc-Fe(II) to CL–cytc-Fe(II)-NO (2.6 ± 0.3 M?1 s?1; at pH 7.4). The apparent affinity of CL for CM-cytc-Fe(II) is essentially pH independent, the average value of B being (1.3 ± 0.3) × 10?6 M. In the absence and presence of CL liposomes, the nitrite reductase activity of CM-cytc-Fe(II) increases linearly on lowering pH and the values of the slope of the linear fittings of Log k on versus pH are ?1.05 ± 0.07 and ?1.03 ± 0.03, respectively, reflecting the involvement of one proton for the formation of the transient ferric form, NO, and OH?. These results indicate that Met80 carboxymethylation and CL binding cooperate in the stabilization of the highly reactive heme-Fe atom of CL–CM-cytc. 相似文献
14.
Mondem Vasundhara Manoj Baranwal Nallapeta Sivaramaiah Anil Kumar 《Annals of microbiology》2017,67(3):255-261
An endophytic fungus (strain T1) isolated from Taxus baccata was studied for the production of metabolites with anticancer and antioxidant activities. This fungus was identified as Diaporthe sp. based on rDNA-internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence analysis. The crude extract showed cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 and HeLa cancer cell lines, with IC50 (concentration inhibiting 50% of growth rate) values of 1058?±?44 and 1257?±?80 μg ml?1, respectively. The scavenging activity of fungal extract increased significantly with increasing concentration [IC50 (concentration required to scavenge 50% of free radicals) 482?±?9 μg ml?1]. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight analysis revealed the presence of three trichalasins (trichalasin E, F and H) in the crude extract of T1 which are known to have antitumour and antioxidant activities. These results suggest that Diaporthe sp. has the potential to be used for therapeutic purposes because of its antiproliferative and antioxidant potential and also for the production of cytochalasins. 相似文献
15.
Inam Ullah Khan Neeli Habib Min Xiao Xing Huang Nasr Ullah Khan Wan-Taek Im Iftikhar Ahmed Xiao-Yang Zhi Wen-Jun Li 《Antonie van Leeuwenhoek》2018,111(10):1767-1775
A Gram-stain negative, aerobic, motile, non-spore-forming and rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated YIM 730227T, was isolated from a soil sample, collected from Karak district, Khyber-Pakhtun-Khwa, Pakistan. The bacterium was characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Pairwise comparison of the 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain YIM 730227T is closely related to Phenylobacterium lituiforme FaiI3T (97.5% sequence similarity), Phenylobacterium muchangponense A8T (97.4%), Phenylobacterium panacis DCY109T (97.1%), Phenylobacterium immobile ET (97.1%) and Phenylobacterium composti 4T-6T (97.0%), while also sharing 98.0% sequence similarity with Phenylobacterium hankyongense HKS-05T after NCBI blast, showing it represents a member of the family Caulobacteraceae. The major respiratory quinone was Q-10 and the major fatty acids were C16:0, summed feature 8 (comprising C18:1ω7c and/or C18:1ω6c), C18:1ω7c 11-methyl and C17:0. The polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, unidentified glycolipids, phospholipid and unidentified lipid. The G?+?C content of the genomic DNA was 68.2 mol%. The DNA–DNA relatedness values of strain YIM 730227T with P. hankyongense HKS-05T, P. lituiforme FaiI3T, P. muchangponense A8T, P. panacis DCY109T, P. immobile ET and P. composti 4T-6T were 31.3?±?0.6, 26.1?±?0.2, 24.3?±?0.1, 21.8?±?0.9, 19.8?±?0.6 and 18.2?±?1.1%, respectively, values lower than 70%. Besides the morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences and the biochemical characteristics indicated that the strain YIM 730227T represents a novel member of the genus Phenylobacterium, for which the name Phenylobacterium terrae sp. nov. (type strain YIM 730227T =?KCTC62324T?=?CGMCC 1.16326T) is proposed. 相似文献
16.
Yan Ma Zhe Chi Yan-Feng Li Hong Jiang Guang-Lei Liu Zhong Hu Zhen-Ming Chi 《Annals of microbiology》2018,68(12):871-879
This study aimed to overexpress a glucose oxidase gene (GOD1) in Aureobasidium sp. P6 to achieve Ca2+-gluconic acid (GA) overproduction. The GOD1 gene was cloned, deleted, and overexpressed. A protein deduced from the GOD1 gene of Aureobasidium sp. P6 strain had 1824 bp that encoded a protein with 606 amino acids, with a conserved NADB-ROSSMAN domain and a GMC-oxred domain. Deleting the GOD1 gene made the disruptant GOK1 completely lose the ability to produce GA and GOD1 activity, whereas overexpressing the GOD1 gene rendered the transformant GOEX8 to produce considerably more Ca2+-GA (160.5?±?5.6 g/L) and higher GOD1 activity (1438.6?±?73.2 U/mg of protein) than its parent P6 strain (118.7?±?4.3 g/L of Ca2+-GA and 1100.0?±?23.6 U/mg of GOD1 protein). During a 10-L fermentation, the transformant GOEX8 grown in the medium containing 160.0 g/L of glucose produced 186.8?±?6.0 g/L of Ca2+-GA, the yield was 1.2 g/g of glucose, and the volumetric productivity was 1.7 g/L/h. Most of the produced GOD1 were located in the yeast cell wall. The purified product was identified to be a GA. The transformant GOEX8 overexpressing the GOD1 gene could produce considerably more Ca2+-GA (186.8?±?6.0 g/L) than its wild-type strain P6. 相似文献
17.
Charan Singh L. V. Seshu Kumar Koduri Tara Datt Bhatt Sarbjit Singh Jhamb Vijay Mishra Manjinder Singh Gill Sarasija Suresh 《AAPS PharmSciTech》2017,18(1):138-146
The objective of this study comprises of developing novel co-spray dried rifampicin phospholipid lipospheres (SDRPL) to investigate its influence on rifampicin solubility and oral bioavailability. Solid-state techniques were employed to characterize the liposphere formulation. SDRPL solubility was determined in distilled water. BACTEC 460TB System was employed to evaluate SDRPL antimycobacterial activity. The oral bioavailability of the lipospheres was evaluated in Sprague Dawley rats. Lipospheres exhibited amorphous, smooth spherical morphology with a significant increase (p?<?0.001) in solubility of SDRPL (2:1), 350.9?±?23 versus 105.1?±?12 μg/ml and SDRPL (1:1) 306.4?±?20 versus 105.1?±?12 μg/ml in comparison to rifampicin (RMP). SDRPL exhibited enhanced activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, H37Rv strain, with over twofolds less minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) than the free drug. Lipospheres exhibited higher peak plasma concentration (109.92?±?25 versus 54.31?±?18 μg/ml), faster T max (two versus four hours), and enhanced area under the curve (AUC0–∞) (406.92?±?18 versus 147.72?±?15 μg h/L) in comparison to pure RMP. Thus, SDRPL represents a promising carrier system exhibiting enhanced antimycobacterial activity and oral bioavailability of rifampicin. 相似文献
18.
Georgy E. Milanovsky Anastasia A. Petrova Dmitry A. Cherepanov Alexey Yu. Semenov 《Photosynthesis research》2017,133(1-3):185-199
The reduction kinetics of the photo-oxidized primary electron donor P700 in photosystem I (PS I) complexes from cyanobacteria Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 were analyzed within the kinetic model, which considers electron transfer (ET) reactions between P700, secondary quinone acceptor A1, iron-sulfur clusters and external electron donor and acceptors – methylviologen (MV), 2,3-dichloro-naphthoquinone (Cl2NQ) and oxygen. PS I complexes containing various quinones in the A1-binding site (phylloquinone PhQ, plastoquinone-9 PQ and Cl2NQ) as well as F X-core complexes, depleted of terminal iron–sulfur F A/F B clusters, were studied. The acceleration of charge recombination in F X-core complexes by PhQ/PQ substitution indicates that backward ET from the iron–sulfur clusters involves quinone in the A1-binding site. The kinetic parameters of ET reactions were obtained by global fitting of the P700 + reduction with the kinetic model. The free energy gap ΔG 0 between F X and F A/F B clusters was estimated as ?130 meV. The driving force of ET from A1 to F X was determined as ?50 and ?220 meV for PhQ in the A and B cofactor branches, respectively. For PQ in A1A-site, this reaction was found to be endergonic (ΔG 0?=?+75 meV). The interaction of PS I with external acceptors was quantitatively described in terms of Michaelis–Menten kinetics. The second-order rate constants of ET from F A/F B, F X and Cl2NQ in the A1-site of PS I to external acceptors were estimated. The side production of superoxide radical in the A1-site by oxygen reduction via the Mehler reaction might comprise ≥0.3% of the total electron flow in PS I. 相似文献
19.
N. P. Dash Ajay Kumar Manish Singh Kaushik Pawan Kumar Singh 《Journal of applied phycology》2016,28(6):3343-3351
Comparative growth and N2-fixation of cyanobacteria, namely Aphanothece sp. (unicellular) and Gloeotrichia sp. (heterocystous, filamentous), were studied after their inoculation to rice crop in the absence and presence of urea nitrogen fertilizer. In the absence of N-fertilizer application (control), inoculation of both cyanobacterial species showed significant increase in growth and acetylene reduction activity (ARA), but gradual reduction in these parameters was observed at 30 and 60 kg N ha?1 of urea application. In inoculation of Gloeotrichia sp. at control, 30 and 60 kg N ha?1 increased grain yield significantly over uninoculated control in both wet and dry seasons, but grain yield with Aphanothece sp. inoculation was statistically similar to the control at N levels during both seasons. The inoculation study showed that heterocystous cyanobacteria contributed better than unicellular ones, and application of N-fertilizer adversely affected both growth and N2-fixation of native as well of inoculated cyanobacteria. 相似文献
20.
Silvia Buono Antonella Colucci Antonella Angelini Antonio Luca Langellotti Marina Massa Anna Martello Vincenzo Fogliano Angela Dibenedetto 《Journal of applied phycology》2016,28(6):3179-3192
The present work evaluated biomass productivity, carbon dioxide fixation rate, and biochemical composition of two microalgal species, Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Bacillariophyta) and Tetradesmus obliquus (Chlorophyta), cultivated indoors in high-technology photobioreactors (HT-PBR) and outdoors both in pilot ponds and low-technology photobioreactors in a greenhouse in southern Italy. Microalgae were grown in standard media, under nitrogen starvation, and in two liquid digestates obtained from anaerobic digestion of agro-zootechnical and vegetable biomass. P. tricornutum, cultivated in semi-continuous mode in indoor HT-PBRs with standard medium, showed a biomass productivity of 21.0?±?2.3 g m?2 d?1. Applying nitrogen starvation, the lipid productivity increased from 2.3 up to 4.5?±?0.5 g m?2 d?1, with a 24 % decrease of biomass productivity. For T. obliquus, a biomass productivity of 9.1?±?0.9 g m?2 d?1 in indoor HT-PBR was obtained using standard medium. Applying liquid digestates as fertilizers in open ponds, T. obliquus gave a biomass productivity (10.8?±?2.0 g m?2 d?1) not statistically different from complete medium such as P. tricornutum (6.5?±?2.2 g m?2 d?1). The biochemical data showed that the fatty acid composition of the microalgal biomass was affected by the different cultivation conditions for both microalgae. In conclusion, it was found that the microalgal productivity in standard medium was about doubled in HT-PBR compared to open ponds for P. tricornutum and was about 20 % higher for T. obliquus. 相似文献