生物滴滤池中废气有机物的生物降解*

生物滴滤法是一种经济、有效的有机废气处理方法。从填料的选择、传质过程、微生物的筛选等几个方面介绍了影响生物滴滤池处理效果的几个关键因素。回顾以前的一些研究成果并对某些重要观点进行了总结与分析,希望能为生物滴滤池在有机废气处理的应用开发提供参考。     

生物滴滤池中废气有机物的生物降解

生物滴滤法是一种经济、有效的有机废气处理方法。从填料的选择、传质过程、微生物的筛选等几个方面介绍了影响生物滴滤池处理效果的几个关键因素。回顾以前的一些研究成果并对某些重要观点进行了总结与分析,希望能为生物滴滤池在有机废气处理的应用开发提供参考。     

生物滴滤池处理甲苯废气的研究

以陶粒和活性炭为填料的生物滴滤池系统,对人工合成的甲苯废气进行了净化处理试验,4个多月的运行结果表明(1)添加活性炭能提高填料柱的处理性能,陶粒和活性炭组成的复合填料能有效地处理含有甲苯的废气,当进气浓度为2.35g/m3时,去除率可达95%以上,填料柱对甲苯的去除能力为130g/m3·h;(2)在低浓度下,生物滴滤池的处理性能受传质过程控制;(3)填料柱出气通过循环液曝气处理后,废气中甲苯浓度进一步降低.     

生物滴滤池处理甲苯废气的研究*

以陶粒和活性炭为填料的生物滴滤池系统,对人工合成的甲苯废气进行了净化处理试验,4个多月的运行结果表明:(1)添加活性炭能提高填料柱的处理性能,陶粒和活性炭组成的复合填料能有效地处理含有甲苯的废气,当进气浓度为2·35g/m³时,去除率可达95%以上,填料柱对甲苯的去除能力为130g/m³·h;(2)在低浓度下,生物滴滤池的处理性能受传质过程控制;(3)填料柱出气通过循环液曝气处理后,废气中甲苯浓度进一步降低。     

处理甲苯废气的生物滴滤池中微生物生态学研究

利用PCR-DGGE技术分析了处理甲苯废气的生物滴滤池生物多样性,结果表明:在运行过程中,随着生物滴滤池对甲苯去除能力的不断增加,填料当中的微生物种群也发生了明显的变化。在甲苯的选择压力下,随时间的迁延,微生物种类减少,优势种群的相对丰度增加,处于不同层面填料上的微生物分布也趋向于一致。     

处理甲苯废气的生物滴滤池中微生物生态学研究

利用PCR-DGGE技术分析了处理甲苯废气的生物滴滤池生物多样性,结果表明：在运行过程中,随着生物滴滤池对甲苯去除能力的不断增加,填料当中的微生物种群也发生了明显的变化。在甲苯的选择压力下,随时间的迁延,微生物种类减少,优势种群的相对丰度增加,处于不同层面填料上的微生物分布也趋向于一致。     

新书介绍

生物油制备技术与应用 作者基于多年的研究积累编写了本书,全书构成了一套完整的生物质热解与生物油制备的技术体系。共分八章,第一章讲述我国的能源形势和生物质能特点;第二章讲述生物质的组成、结构和性质;第三章讲述生物质的热解原理;第四章讲述生物油制备技术;第五章讲述生物油的组成和性质;第六章讲述生物油的品质改良与燃烧应用;第七章讲述生物油的分离与精制;第八章讲述生物油水蒸气重整制氢。     

臭气生物处理技术

介绍了生物滤池、生物洗涤塔和生物滴滤池等常规生物除臭技术以及真菌生物反应器、复合式反应器、物化-生物组合反应器等臭气控制新技术的特性、发展状况及其应用,阐述了生物反应器内的除臭功能菌的特性以及臭气生物处理技术的应用前景。     

废气生物处理设施排放的微生物气溶胶逸散特征、影响因素与暴露风险研究进展

生物处理技术因其具有高效、成本低廉、操作简便、清洁、无二次污染等特点,已被广泛应用于废气处理方面,但微生物气溶胶会作为二次污染物从废气处理设施排放到周围空气中。由于携带和传播有害微生物,微生物气溶胶对人体健康造成潜在危害和风险。废气生物处理设施既是微生物气溶胶的“汇”,也是微生物气溶胶的“源”。本文阐述了废气生物处理设施微生物气溶胶的逸散水平、群落结构和粒径分布特征,分析了其形成原因、主要来源、影响因素和暴露风险,为废气生物处理设施产生的微生物气溶胶的识别和控制技术研究提供科学依据和参考。     

一株耐盐真眼点藻（Eustigmatos sp.）的户外培养及油脂提取工艺研究

真眼点藻(Eustigmatos)具有生长速率快、可以积累高含量油脂等特性,受到藻类学家的关注,评价它的户外生产性能和探索油脂提取工艺是实现其产业化的关键。利用自制的平板光生物反应器,通过测定生长、脂类积累及脂肪酸组成,评价一株分离自宁夏地区的耐盐真眼点藻(Eustigmatos sp. SCSIO-45821)的户外生长特性及乙醇提油可行性。结果显示,真眼点藻SCSIO-45821可以利用户外平板光生物反应器进行培养,6 cm光径反应器有利于生物质和二十碳五烯酸积累,平均生物质和二十碳五烯酸产率分别为93.5 mg/L·d和0.6 mg/L·d,而在促进油脂积累方面,4 cm光径反应器更加具有优势,平均油脂产率达到22.0 mg/L·d。利用100%乙醇、常温下提取真眼点藻油脂可以获得94.3%的提取率,所提油脂含有超过70%的中性脂与4.0%的EPA,但藻油需要进行精炼和脱色处理。户外平板光生物反应器是一种较理想的真眼点藻培养装置,但需要根据目标产物选择合适的光径,乙醇可以作为真眼点藻的油脂提取溶剂。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.