siRNA干扰PDGFRβ促进胃癌MGC-803/VCR细胞的凋亡

为研究血小板衍生生长因子受体β(PDGFRβ)在胃癌组织和长春新碱(vincristine, VCR)耐药胃癌细胞MGC-803/VCR中的表达,并探讨PDGFRβ沉默对MGC-803/VCR细胞增殖和凋亡的影响,本研究分别通过免疫组化和蛋白质印迹法(Western blotting)检测PDGFRβ蛋白在胃癌组织和耐药细胞株中的表达水平。通过Lipofectamine 2000将PDGFRβ小干扰RNA (si-PDGFRβ)转染到MGC-803/VCR细胞,Western blotting检测转染后PDGFRβ蛋白表达水平,Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8)和流式细胞术分别检测si-PDGFRβ对VCR诱导人胃癌MGC-803细胞增殖和凋亡的影响。研究结果显示:PDGFRβ蛋白在胃癌组织中的表达显著高于正常胃组织;PDGFRβ蛋白在MGC-803/VCR细胞中的表达极显著高于MGC-803细胞,并且转染si-PDGFRβ后MGC-803/VCR细胞的PDGFRβ蛋白表达水平显著降低;1μmol/L、2μmol/L、4μmol/L、8μmol/L的VCR诱导MGC-803/VCR细胞后,si-PDGFRβ组细胞增殖抑制率分别为(21.97±0.84)%、(37.63±1.32)%、(55.77±1.39)%和(72.17±1.16)%,与对照组的(13.60±0.49)%、(22.33±1.01)%、(38.30±1.56)%和(52.90±1.08)%分别比较有极显著的差异(p<0.01);流式检测结果显示,与对照组的细胞凋亡率(13.61±0.49)%比较,发现si-PDGFRβ组胃癌MGC-803/VCR细胞凋亡率为(29.80±0.64)%,说明两者差异极显著(p<0.01)。本研究初步结论表明,si RNA干扰PDGFRβ能够促进VCR诱导的胃癌MGC-803/VCR细胞凋亡。     

姜黄素通过下调P-糖蛋白和热休克蛋白70逆转耐热肝癌细胞的阿霉素耐受性

探讨姜黄素对耐热肝癌细胞 (HepG2/TT) 阿霉素耐受性的逆转作用及其机制．用MTT检测细胞活力,PI染色流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡,高效液相色谱法检测细胞内阿霉素的积累,Western blot检测细胞P-糖蛋白 (P-glycoprotein,P-gp)、热休克蛋白70 (heat shock protein 70, Hsp70) 和caspase-3 的表达．耐热肝癌细胞HepG2/TT能耐受阿霉素引起的细胞毒性和 凋亡;姜黄素在5、10和20 μmol/L时,能浓度依赖性地降低阿霉素对HepG2/TT 细胞的IC50,增强阿霉素对HepG2/TT 细胞的凋亡诱导作用．耐热肝癌细胞HepG2/TT 与非耐热肝癌细胞HepG2比较,其P-gp和Hsp70 的表达水平明显增高; 10 μmol/L姜黄素处理24 h 后,HepG2/TT细胞P-gp和Hsp70的表达水平显著下降．HepG2/TT 细胞内阿霉素的积累低于HepG2细胞;10 μmol/L姜黄素处理 3 h后,HepG2/TT 细胞内阿霉素的积累明显增加．HepG2/TT细胞能抑制阿霉素激活 caspase-3;10 μmol/L姜黄素处理24 h后,阿霉素对 HepG2/TT细胞caspase-3的激活作用增强．上述结果表明,姜黄素能逆转耐热肝癌细胞HepG2/TT的阿霉素耐受性,其机制可能与其下调P-gp和Hsp70的表达,进而促进阿霉素激活caspase-3 有关．     

花生四烯酸对大鼠前体脂肪细胞生长与分化的影响(英文)

以大鼠前体脂肪细胞原代单层培养为模型,用不同浓度花生四烯酸(AA)处理细胞.通过台盼蓝排斥试验及噻唑蓝比色法(MTT)反映各组细胞增殖状况;Hoechst33342荧光染色观察AA处理后细胞核形态变化;油红O染色提取法分析细胞分化程度;逆转录聚合酶链反应(RTPCR)分析环氧合酶2(COX2)mRNA表达情况,探讨外源性AA对大鼠前体脂肪细胞生长分化的影响及其可能机制.120μmolLAA处理前体脂肪细胞24～72h,细胞活力明显高于对照组;160μmolLAA作用48h时,前体脂肪细胞表现出明显的凋亡现象;脂肪细胞经40～80μmolLAA作用72h时,细胞油红O染色的吸光度值显著减少;40μmolLAA在作用的24h时,可显著上调COX2mRNA的表达量.说明外源性AA以时间性和剂量依赖性调节前体脂肪细胞的生长与分化,40～80μmolLAA在不显著增加脂肪数目的同时,可抑制前体脂肪细胞向成熟脂肪细胞转化、减少脂肪生成量,对控制动物体脂的形成有一定参考价值,COX2mRNA表达量的上升可能是AA抑制前体脂肪细胞分化的内在机制.     

雌二醇和孕酮诱导猪子宫内膜上皮细胞OPN的表达状况

目的探讨雌二醇和孕酮对猪子宫内膜上皮细胞内的骨桥蛋白基因作用效果。方法采用RT-PCR和Western-blot的方法,检测了猪子宫内膜上皮细胞中OPN基因的表达情况;采用半定量RT-PCR法检测添加终浓度为1μmol/L、0.1μmol/L、0.01μmol/L雌二醇和0.1μmol/L、0.01μmol/L、0.001μmol/L孕酮作用24 h和48 h后,OPNmRNA的表达变化情况。结果猪子宫内膜上皮细胞在非孕期转录OPN mRNA,表达70×10^3和45×10^3的OPN蛋白;添加雌二醇24 h后,OPN mRNA的表达水平降低了50%-53%（P〈0.05）,48 h后降低了12%-25%（P〈0.01）,均显著低于对照组;添加孕酮后,OPN mRNA的表达无显著变化（P〉0.05）。结论雌二醇抑制了OPN的表达,推测孕酮本身对OPN的表达不起作用。     

尼氟灭酸通过钙库钙释放引起豚鼠耳蜗螺旋动脉平滑肌细胞超极化(英文)

本研究旨在观察氯离子通道阻断剂尼氟灭酸（niflumic acid,NFA）引起豚鼠耳蜗螺旋动脉平滑肌细胞产生超极化的机制。以豚鼠为实验动物,运用细胞内微电极和全细胞膜片钳记录技术,观察NFA和其它药物对急性分离的耳蜗螺旋动脉平滑肌细胞的作用。结果显示：NFA、indanyloxyacetic acid94（LAh-94）和diSOdium4,4’-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2’-disulfonate（DIDS）可使低静息膜电位的细胞产生超极化,但对高静息膜电位的细胞无明显作用。低静息膜电位细胞的平均静息电位为（-42．47&#177;1．38）mV（n=24）,100μmol／LNFA、10μmol／LIAA-94和200μmol／LDIDS分别使细胞超极化至（13．7&#177;4．3）mV=9,P〈0．01）,（11．4&#177;4．2）mV（n=7,P〈0．01）和（12．3&#177;3．7）mV（n=8,P〈0．01）,这种氯离子通道阻断剂引起细胞超极化反应的效应呈浓度依赖性。NFA引起的超极化和外向电流几乎完全被100nmol／L iberiotoxin、100nmol／L charybdotoxin、10mmol／L tetraethylammonium、50μmol／LBAPTA—AM、10μmol／Lryanodine和0．1-10mmol／Lcaffeine阻断,但不能被100μmol／Lnifedipine、100μmol／LCdCI,和无Ca^2＋灌流外液阻断。结果捉示：氯离_了通道的阻断剂NFA可通过平滑肌细胞内钙库的钙释放增加细胞内钙,进而激活钙依赖的钾通道,产生耳蜗螺旋动脉平滑肌细胞的超极化反应。     

米非司酮对胰腺癌细胞耐药株Patu8988/FU 的逆转作用

目的:研究米非司酮(mifepristone,MIF)对胰腺癌多药耐药细胞株Patu8988/FU耐药性的逆转作用。方法:采用四甲基偶氮唑盐(MTT)比色法检测MIF对胰腺癌细胞Patu8988及胰腺癌耐药细胞株Patu8988/FU增殖的影响,选择对两种细胞生长抑制率≤5%的浓度为其非细胞毒性剂量;观察非毒性剂量的MIF作用72 h后Patu8988/FU细胞对5-FU耐药性的逆转效果。结果:①MIF浓度≤10μmol.L-1对Patu8988及Patu8988/FU于细胞的增殖均无抑制作用(P>0.05);20μmol.L-1和40μmol.L-1MIF对Patu8988及Patu8988/FU于细胞的增殖均有抑制作用(P<0.05),MIF对Patu8988及Patu8988/FU细胞增殖具有剂量依赖性;②加入梯度浓度5-FU后Patu8988细胞和Patu8988/FU细胞的IC50分别为(2.394±0.011)μg.ml-1、(49.87±4.026)μg.ml-1(P<0.01),耐药倍数为20.83;Patu8988及Patu8988/FU细胞加入5-FU后分别与2.5μmol.L-1、5μmol.L-1、10μmol.L-1MIF共同孵育72h后,Patu8988/FU细胞对5-FU耐药性的逆转倍数分别为1.42、1.71、3.10;Patu8988/FU对5-FU的敏感性明显增加(P<0.05),而Patu8988细胞对5-FU的敏感性并未改变(P>0.05)。结果还显示MIF作用后Patu8988/FU对5-FU的敏感性变化具有剂量依赖性。结论:MIF对胰腺癌多药耐药细胞株Patu8988/FU耐药性的有逆转作用。     

腺苷抗豚鼠室性心律失常的电生理研究

实验用全细胞膜片钳技术在单个豚鼠心室肌细胞上研究了腺苷 (Ado)对正常及异丙肾上腺素 (Iso)致豚鼠心室肌细胞动作电位、迟后除极 (DAD)、L 型钙电流 (ICa.L)和短暂内向电流 (Iti)的作用。结果表明 :(1)Ado在2 0～ 10 0 μmol/L时对豚鼠心室肌细胞动作电位和ICa .L无明显直接作用 ,但却可明显降低Iso所致的动作电位时程(APD)延长和ICa .L峰值增大 ,Iso (10nmol/L)使细胞APD50 从 3 40± 2 1ms延长到 486± 2 8ms (P <0 0 1) ,APD90从 3 61± 17ms延长至 5 0 1± 2 9ms (P <0 0 1) ;ICa .L峰值从 - 6 5 3± 1 4pA/pF增大到 - 18 2 8± 2 4pA/pF (P <0 0 1) ,电流电压曲线明显左移和下移 ;Ado (5 0 μmol/L)使APD50 和APD90 降至 40 3± 19ms和 419± 2 6ms ,但并不影响动作电位其它参数 ,使ICa.L峰值降低至 - 10 2± 1 5pA/pF (P <0 0 1)。 (2 )Iso (3 0nmol/L)可诱发心室肌细胞产生DADs,其发生率为 10 0 % ;Ado (5 0 μmol/L)可完全抑制Iso引发DADs;细胞经 - 40～ +2 0mV、时程 2s的除极电压 ,Iso (3 0nmol/L)诱导出Iti,其发生率为 10 0 % ;Ado (5 0 μmol/L)可明显抑制Iso致Iti的发生 ,其发生率降为 14 3 %。研究结果提示 ,Ado对豚鼠心室肌细胞动作电位和ICa.L无明显直接作用 ,但却可显著降低Is     

Selective COX-2 inhibitor (celecoxib) decreases cellular growth in prostate cancer cell lines independent of p53

Abstract

Celecoxib is a clinically available COX-2 inhibitor that has been reported to have antineoplastic activity. It has been proposed as a preventative agent for several types of early neoplastic lesions. Earlier studies have shown that sensitivity of prostatic carcinoma (PCa) to celecoxib is associated with apoptosis; however, these studies have not demonstrated adequately whether this effect is dependent on p53 status. We studied the relation between sensitivity to celecoxib and the phenotypic p53 status of PCa cells lines, LNCaP (wild type p53), PC3 (null p53) and DU145 (mutated p53). Cellular growth was assessed at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h after celecoxib treatment at concentrations of 0, 10, 30, 50, 70 and 100 μM using an MTT assay. Cellular proliferation (Ki-67 expression) was determined by immunocytochemistry. Phenotypic expression of p53 was analyzed by western blotting. The effects of celecoxib on cellular growth and its association with p53 were assessed after down-regulation of p53 using synthetic interfering RNAs (siRNA) in LNCaP cells. Expression of p53 and COX-2 at mRNA levels was assessed by quantitative real time polymerase reaction (qRT-PCR). We found that celecoxib inhibited cellular growth and proliferation in a dose-dependent manner in all three cell lines; LNCaP cells with a native p53 were the most sensitive to celecoxib. We observed a down- regulation effect on p53 in LNCaP cells exposed to ≥ 30 μM celecoxib for 72 h, but found no significant changes in the p53 levels of DU145 cells, which have a mutated p53. Reduced COX-2 expression was found with decreased p53 in LNCaP and PC-3 cells that were exposed to ≥ 20 μM of celecoxib for 72 h, but COX-2 expression was increased in DU145 cells. All three cell lines demonstrated pan-cytotoxicity when exposed to 100 μM celecoxib. When p53 expression was inhibited using siRNA in LNCaP cells, the inhibitory effects on cellular growth usually exerted by celecoxib were not changed significantly. Celecoxib reduces the growth of prostate cancer cell lines in part by decreasing proliferation, which suggests that the inhibition of growth of LNCaP cells by celecoxib is independent of normal levels of native p53.     

硫化氢抗大鼠动脉粥样硬化作用研究

目的:探讨硫化氢(H2S)对大鼠动脉粥样硬化(AS)的作用及其机制。方法:体重(210±10)g的健康雄性SD大鼠125只,随机分为:对照组、AS模型组、AS+低剂量NaHS(2.8μmol/(kg.d))组、AS+中剂量NaHS(14μmol/(kg.d))组及AS+高剂量NaHS(28μmol/(kg.d))组。采用高脂饲料加大剂量VitD3注射复制大鼠AS模型。NaHS腹腔注射,连续用药12周。分别在喂养前及喂养后3、6、9、12周各处死动物。用生化分析仪检测血脂,去蛋白法检测血浆硫化氢,HE染色观察血管病理损伤程度及病变评分,免疫组化法检测血管组织中血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的表达。结果:与相同时期的对照组相比,AS模型组在喂养后3、6、9、12周,血清甘油三脂(TG)和胆固醇(TC)均明显升高;主动脉病变评分从第6周到12周明显增加(P0.01),并出现明显的动脉粥样硬化病变,表现为阳性区域的脂质斑块;血清H2S浓度明显降低,从喂养前的(44.98±2.06)μmol/L到第3、6、9、12周分别为(38.56±2.26),(32.96±2.38),(28.63±0.92),(23.55±0.92)μmol/L,并分别低于同时期各对照组的(44.72±0.85),(43.71±0.59),(41.96±0.97),(39.87±1.25)μmol/L(P0.01);血管组织中VEGF的表达明显增强(P0.01)。与模型组比较,低剂量NaHS组,各指标均无明显变化;中剂量NaHS组大鼠血清H2S含量于第6周开始明显高于模型组(36.13±0.73)vs(32.96±2.38)μmol/L,P0.05;于9、12周时,分别为(33.07±1.14)vs(28.63±0.92)μmol/L,(30.16±0.62)vs(23.55±0.92)μmol/L,P0.01;高剂量NaHS组大鼠血中H2S浓度于第3周开始到12周,分别为:(41.25±0.80),(38.71±0.46),(35.31±0.62),(33.38±0.78)μmol/L,均明显高于模型组(P0.01);中、高剂量NaHS组血清TC均从第3周开始到12周明显降低(P0.01),TG分别从第3、第6周开始到12周明显降低(P0.05,P0.01),血管组织病变评分与VEGF的表达均于第6周开始到12周明显降低(P0.05)。相关分析显示血清中硫化氢的浓度与动脉粥样硬化的病变评分及血管VEGF的表达呈明显的负相关(r=-0.917,P0.01,r=-0.885,P0.01),而与血清甘油三脂和胆固醇之间无显著相关性。结论:动脉粥样硬化病变的形成与发展与内源性硫化氢的降低密切相关,补充外源性H2S可提高动脉粥样硬化大鼠血清中硫化氢浓度,减轻血管损伤程度,抑制VEGF的表达。     

Stereoselective Regulation of P-gp Activity by Clausenamide Enantiomers in Caco-2, KB/KBv and Brain Microvessel Endothelial Cells

The (−)- and (+)-clausenamide (CLA) enantiomers have different pharmacokinetic effects in animals, but their association with putative stereoselective regulation of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) remains unclear. Using three cells expressing P-gp—Caco-2, KBv and rat brain microvessel endothelial cells(RBMEC), this study investigated the association of CLA enantiomers with P-gp. The results showed that the rhodamine 123 (Rh123) accumulation, an indicator of P-gp activity, in Caco-2, KBv and RBMECs was increased by (−)CLA (1 or 5 μmol/L) at 8.2%–28.5%, but reduced by (+)CLA at 11.7%–25.9%, showing stereoselectivity in their regulation of P-gp activity. Following co-treatment of these cells with each CLA enantiomer and verapamil as a P-gp inhibitor, the (+)-isomer clearly antagonized the inhibitory effects of verapamil on P-gp efflux, whereas the (−)-isomer had slightly synergistic or additive effects. When higher concentrations (5 or 10 μmol/L) of CLA enantiomers were added, the stimulatory effects of the (+)-isomer were converted into inhibitory ones, leading to an enhanced intracellular uptake of Rh123 by 24.5%–58.2%; but (−)-isomer kept its inhibition to P-gp activity, causing 30.0%–63.0% increase in the Rh123 uptake. The biphasic effects of (+)CLA were confirmed by CLA uptake in the Caco-2 cells. (+)CLA at 1 μmol/L had significantly lower intracellular uptake than (−)CLA with a ratio[(−)/(+)] of 2.593, which was decreased to 2.167 and 1.893 after CLA concentrations increased to 2.5 and 5 μmol/L. Besides, in the non-induced KB cells, (+)CLA(5 μmol/L) upregulated P-gp expression at 54.5% relative to vehicle control, and decreased Rh123 accumulation by 28.2%, while (−)CLA(5 μmol/L) downregulated P-gp expression at 15.9% and increased Rh123 accumulation by 18.0%. These results suggested that (−)CLA could be a P-gp inhibitor and (+)CLA could be a modulator with concentration-dependent biphasic effects on P-gp activity, which may result in drug—drug interactions when combined with other P-gp substrate drugs.     

熊果酸对ox-LDL诱导的人脐静脉血管内皮细胞NQO1表达的影响(英文)

目的:研究熊果酸对经氧化性低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)干预后人脐静脉血管内皮细胞(human umbilical vein endothelial cells,HUVECs)醌还原氧化酶1表达的影响,以进一步探讨熊果酸抗动脉粥样硬化的机制。方法:体外培养人脐静脉内皮细胞,进行分组处理,每组n=5。对照组,不加任何处理;ox-LDL组,加入ox-LDL培养24h,终浓度为20mg/L;ox-LDL+低浓度熊果酸组,先加入ox-LDL(浓度20mg/L)孕育半小时,然后与熊果酸(浓度1.5μmlo/L)共同培养24h;ox-LDL+高浓度熊果酸组,先加入ox-LDL(浓度20mg/L)孕育半小时,然后与熊果酸(浓度4.5μmlo/L)共同培养24h;采用MTT试验测定细胞吸光度值,检测熊果酸对ox-LDL损伤的保护作用,采用RT-PCR法检测NQO1mRNA的表达,采用Western blot法检测NQO1蛋白的表达。结果:熊果酸减弱ox-LDL对HUVECs的损伤作用;ox-LDL组NQO1mRNA的表达量(0.624±0.009)明显高于对照组(0.521±0.007),P0.01。熊果酸呈浓度依赖性的提高NQO1mRNA的表达量(ox-LDL+低浓度熊果酸组vs ox-LDL组:0.722±0.058 vs 0.624±0.009,P0.01;ox-LDL+高浓度熊果酸组vs ox-LDL组:0.826±0.059 vs 0.624±0.009,P0.01)。ox-LDL组NQO1蛋白的表达量(0.624±0.009)明显高于对照组(0.521±0.007),P0.01。熊果酸呈浓度依赖性的提高NQO1蛋白的表达量(ox-LDL+低浓度熊果酸组vs ox-LDL组:0.710±0.058 vs 0.574±0.024,P0.01;ox-LDL+高浓度熊果酸组vs ox-LDL组:0.831±0.034 vs 0.574±0.024,P0.01)。结论:熊果酸可上调ox-LDL诱导的人脐静脉血管内皮细胞NQO1的表达,表明其可能具有抗氧化应激及抗动脉粥样硬化的作用。     

Glibenclamide or metformin combined with honey improves glycemic control in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Diabetes mellitus is associated with deterioration of glycemic control and progressive metabolic derangements. This study investigated the effect of honey as an adjunct to glibenclamide or metformin on glycemic control in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in rats by streptozotocin. The diabetic rats were randomized into six groups and administered distilled water, honey, glibenclamide, glibenclamide and honey, metformin or metformin and honey. The animals were treated orally once daily for four weeks. The diabetic control rats showed hypoinsulinemia (0.27 ± 0.01 ng/ml), hyperglycemia (22.4 ± 1.0 mmol/L) and increased fructosamine (360.0 ± 15.6 μmol/L). Honey significantly increased insulin (0.41 ± 0.06 ng/ml), decreased hyperglycemia (12.3 ± 3.1 mmol/L) and fructosamine (304.5 ± 10.1 μmol/L). Although glibenclamide or metformin alone significantly (p < 0.05) reduced hyperglycemia, glibenclamide or metformin combined with honey produced significantly much lower blood glucose (8.8 ± 2.9 or 9.9 ± 3.3 mmol/L, respectively) compared to glibenclamide or metformin alone (13.9 ± 3.4 or 13.2 ± 2.9 mmol/L, respectively). Similarly, glibenclamide or metformin combined with honey produced significantly (p < 0.05) lower fructosamine levels (301.3 ± 19.5 or 285.8 ± 22.6 μmol/L, respectively) whereas glibenclamide or metformin alone did not decrease fructosamine (330.0 ± 29.9 or 314.6 ± 17.9 μmol/L, respectively). Besides, these drugs or their combination with honey increased insulin levels. Glibenclamide or metformin combined with honey also significantly reduced the elevated levels of creatinine, bilirubin, triglycerides, and VLDL cholesterol. These results indicate that combination of glibenclamide or metformin with honey improves glycemic control, and provides additional metabolic benefits, not achieved with either glibenclamide or metformin alone.     

青龙衣中细胞毒活性成分的研究

利用各种化学及色谱技术从青龙衣中分离得到11个化合物,通过理化性质和波谱学手段分别鉴定为2-羟基-1,4-萘醌(2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone,1)、5-羟基-1,4-萘醌(5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone,2)、2,5-二羟基-1,4-萘醌(2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone,3)、3,5-二羟基-1,4-萘醌(2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone,4)、5,8-二羟基-1,4-萘醌(2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone,5)、5-甲氧基-1,4-萘醌(5-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone,6)、5,7-二羟基色原酮(5,7-dihydroxychromone,7)、异香草酸(isovanillic acid,8)、没食子酸(gallic acid,9)、β-谷甾醇(β-sitosterol,10)和β-胡萝卜苷(β-daucosterol,11)。化合物3、4、6～8为首次从该属植物中分离得到,化合物1为首次从该植物中分离得到。细胞毒活性测试结果表明,化合物3和4对HepG2细胞表现出强的抑制作用,IC50值分别为5.0±0.6μmol/L和7.0±0.5μmol/L;2和5能显著抑制HL-60细胞的增殖,IC50值分别为9.3±1.2μmol/L和2.3±0.2μmol/L。     

甘草提取物通过调控miR-212-5p/BCL2L2 基因抑制甲状腺肿瘤细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭

目的探讨甘草提取物GL-1对甲状腺肿瘤细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭的影响及其分子机制。方法以10、20、30 μg/mL GL-1处理甲状腺肿瘤细胞CAL-62,或在CAL-62细胞中转染miR-212-5p mimics、anti-miR-212-5p、si-BCL2L2、pcDNA-BCL2L2。其中转染pcDNA-BCL2L2细胞并以30 μg/mL GL-1处理。噻唑蓝比色法 (MTT)检测CAL-62细胞增殖,Transwell小室法检测CAL-62细胞迁移和侵袭,实时定量PCR (qPCR)检测CAL-62细胞中miR-212-5p表达,Western blot检测相关蛋白Bcl-2样蛋白2 (BCL2L2)、细胞周期蛋白D1 (Cyclin D1)和基质金属蛋白酶-2 (MMP-2)表达。生物学信息预测miR-212-5p的下游靶基因,双荧光素酶基因报告实验进一步验证。数据采用单因素方差分析、Tukey’s事后检验和t检验。结果与对照组相比,10、20、30 μg/mL浓度GL-1降低CAL-62细胞24、48、72 h的细胞活性 (P < 0.05),并呈剂量、时间依赖性。与对照组相比,10、20、30 μg/mL浓度GL-1干预后,CAL-62细胞侵袭数[(143.56±14.22)个、(100.32±10.23)个、(68.23±6.49)个比(189.65±15.23)个]、迁移数[(198.56±14.35)个、(141.35±12.58)个、(89.56±8.95)个比 (295.36±17.56)个]和BCL2L2蛋白表达量 (0.76±0.08、0.51±0.06、0.24±0.02比1.00±0.12)均降低 (P 均< 0.05),而miR-212-5p水平 (1.61±0.11、1.99±0.13、2.28±0.15比1.00±0.07)升高(P < 0.05),并呈剂量依赖性。过表达miR-212-5p和沉默BCL2L2表达在24、48、72 h时CAL-62细胞活性、细胞迁移数、侵袭数和Cyclin D1、MMP-2蛋白表达量降低 (P < 0.05)。生物学信息预测和双荧光素酶基因报告实验证实BCL2L2是miR-212-5p的靶基因。过表达miR-212-5p抑制BCL2L2蛋白水平,沉默miR-212-5p促进BCL2L2蛋白表达 (P < 0.05)。过表达BCL2L2可逆转GL-1对CAL-62细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭及Cyclin D1、MMP-2蛋白表达的抑制作用。结论 GL-1通过miR-212-5p/BCL2L2抑制甲状腺肿瘤细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭。     

SB-431542抑制乳腺癌细胞BT-549的增殖和侵袭及其机理研究

肿瘤转移是导致肿瘤患者死亡的最主要原因,TGF-β超家族成员Nodal分子被证实参与肿瘤细胞的增殖和转移,因而基于Nodal信号为靶标开展抗肿瘤研究成为可能。该研究应用Western blot检测乳腺癌细胞株BT-549、T-47D、MCF-7、SK-BR-3和MDA—MB-231中的Nodal和基质金属蛋白酶-2（matrix metalloproteinase-2,MMP-2）的表达水平,发现它们在BT-549细胞中表达量最高。然后采用不同浓度_Nodal信号抑制剂SB．431542（1-50μmol／L）处理BT-549细胞48h,利用MTT法揭示20～50gmol／L的SB-431542抑制该细胞增殖。进一步利用细胞划痕和Transwell实验证明,10μmol／L的SB-431542可抑制乳腺癌细胞的迁移和侵袭。最后,通过明胶酶谱和Westernblot显示,10～30gmol／L的sB．431542可剂量依赖性地抑制MMP-2的表达和活性。上述结果说明,SB-431542通过阻断Nodal信号通路可效抑制乳腺癌细胞BT-549的增殖、迁移和侵袭,其作用机制可能与降低MMP-2的表达和活性有关。     

Synthesis and biological evaluation of taxinine analogues as orally active multidrug resistance reversal agents in cancer

Three novel taxinine analogues were prepared and tested for their activity as multidrug resistance (MDR) reversal agents in comparison with verapamil. In vitro testing demonstrated that compounds 8-10 possess MDR-reversal activity in the KB/V cell line. Half-hour after treatment with 5, 10, and 20 micromol/L compound 9, the intracellular rhodamine123 concentration increased 2.3, 2.9, and 3.2-fold, respectively, higher than 1.88-fold of 10 micromol/L verapamil in KB/V cell line. In vivo studies with VCR-resistant KB/V tumor xenografts showed that compound 9 in combination with VCR significantly inhibited tumor growth. Treatment with VCR or 9 alone did not result in growth inhibition. These results reveal that three taxinine analogues are good modifiers of MDR in tumor cells.     

Involvement of veratridine-induced increase of reverse Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchange current in intracellular Ca(2+) overload and extension of action potential duration in rabbit ventricular myocytes

The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of veratridine (VER) on persistent sodium current (I(Na.P)), Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchange current (I(NCX)), calcium transients and the action potential (AP) in rabbit ventricular myocytes, and to explore the mechanism in intracellular calcium overload and myocardial contraction enhancement by using whole-cell patch clamp recording technique, visual motion edge detection system, intracellular calcium measurement system and multi-channel physiological signal acquisition and processing system. The results showed that I(Na.P) and reverse I(NCX) in ventricular myocytes were obviously increased after giving 10, 20 μmol/L VER, with the current density of I(Na.P) increasing from (-0.22 ± 0.12) to (-0.61 ± 0.13) and (-2.15 ± 0.14) pA/pF (P < 0.01, n = 10) at -20 mV, and that of reverse I(NCX) increasing from (1.62 ± 0.12) to (2.19 ± 0.09) and (2.58 ± 0.11) pA/pF (P < 0.05, n = 10) at +50 mV. After adding 4 μmol/L tetrodotoxin (TTX), current density of I(Na.P) and reverse I(NCX) returned to (-0.07 ± 0.14) and (1.69 ± 0.15) pA/pF (P < 0.05, n = 10). Another specific blocker of I(Na.P), ranolazine (RAN), could obviously inhibit VER-increased I(Na.P) and reverse I(NCX). After giving 2.5 μmol/L VER, the maximal contraction rate of ventricular myocytes increased from (-0.91 ± 0.29) to (-1.53 ± 0.29) μm/s (P < 0.01, n = 7), the amplitude of contraction increased from (0.10 ± 0.04) to (0.16 ± 0.04) μm (P < 0.05, n = 7), and the baseline of calcium transients (diastolic calcium concentration) increased from (1.21 ± 0.08) to (1.37 ± 0.12) (P < 0.05, n = 7). After adding 2 μmol/L TTX, the maximal contraction rate and amplitude of ventricular myocytes decreased to (-0.86 ± 0.24) μm/s and (0.09 ± 0.03) μm (P < 0.01, n = 7) respectively. And the baseline of calcium transients reduced to (1.17 ± 0.09) (P < 0.05, n = 7). VER (20 μmol/L) could extend action potential duration at 50% repolarization (APD(50)) and at 90% repolarization (APD(90)) in ventricular myocytes from (123.18 ± 23.70) to (271.90 ± 32.81) and from (146.94 ± 24.15) to (429.79 ± 32.04) ms (P < 0.01, n = 6) respectively. Early afterdepolarizations (EADs) appeared in 3 out of the 6 cases. After adding 4 μmol/L TTX, APD(50) and APD(90) were reduced to (99.07 ± 22.81) and (163.84 ± 26.06) ms (P < 0.01, n = 6) respectively, and EADs disappeared accordingly in 3 cases. It could be suggested that: (1) As a specific agonist of the I(Na.P), VER could result in I(Na.P) increase and intracellular Na(+) overload, and subsequently intracellular Ca(2+) overload with the increase of reverse I(NCX). (2) The VER-increased I(Na.P) could further extend the action potential duration (APD) and induce EADs. (3) TTX could restrain the abnormal VER-induced changes of the above-mentioned indexes, indicating that these abnormal changes were caused by the increase of I(Na.P). Based on this study, it is concluded that as the I(Na.P) agonist, VER can enhance reverse I(NCX) by increasing I(Na.P), leading to intracellular Ca(2+) overload and APD abnormal extension.     

锌对铅染毒新生大鼠成骨细胞增殖分化的影响

目的:探讨铅锌联合染毒对乳鼠颅骨成骨细胞增殖分化的影响。方法:分离并培养原代成骨细胞,加入不同浓度铅、锌培养48h,检测其对成骨细胞增殖的作用;用碱性磷酸酶试剂盒检测ALP活力。结果:在染铅48h后,当铅浓度≥10μmol/L时,细胞增殖功能下降(P<0.05);加锌干预48h后,铅+锌组细胞增殖功能均高于各自单独染铅组,其中铅(1μmol/L、10μmol/L)+锌(50μmol/L)组、铅(10)+锌(100)组与对照组间的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。铅干预48h后,100μmol/L铅组的ALP活力显著下(P<0.05),给予锌干预的铅锌联合染毒组,各组ALP活力均有增加,其中铅(1μmol/L、10μmol/L)+锌(50μmol/L)组ALP活力均高于对照组,而铅(100μmol/L)+锌(50μmol/L)组ALP活力低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:铅对成骨细胞有毒性作用,影响其增殖和分化功能;50μmol/L锌在一定程度上可以拮抗铅对成骨细胞增殖和分化功能的损伤,且对ALP活力的作用更显著,为铅中毒骨病的防治提供一定的科学依据。