鹿茸在朝医药中的应用特点

朝医药是朝鲜民族在长期生活经验中总结出的抵抗病邪的智慧结晶,该医学的核心是四象理论,在治疗上倡导＂药乃局限于人＂的药性观。鹿茸是鹿科动物梅花鹿或马鹿等雄鹿头上长出的尚未骨化而带毛的幼角,在朝医药中归类于太阴人药,其功效有补肺、补肾阳、益精血等作用,主要用于太阴人的虚劳及气虚证。通过对鹿茸在临床上的应用以及其基础的研究,发现在药物的应用方面上,朝医药与中医药之间有着某些差异,如果探讨两者之差异的根源以及其中关联,那么对药物的基础研究一定会开辟更多的思路并对临床应用也提供更有效的方法。     

熊胆在朝医临床中的应用

朝医药是朝鲜民族在长期生活经验中总结出的抵抗病邪的智慧结晶,其理论核心是四象医学,在治疗上,倡导“药乃局限于人”的药性观。熊胆是熊科动物黑熊或棕熊的胆汁,其性味苦、寒,具有清热解毒,明目,止痉的功效。在朝医药中,熊胆属于太阴人药,具有活血化瘀,发汗等作用。通过对熊胆在临床上的应用以及有关其基础的研究,发现在药物的应用方面朝医药与中医药之间存在着有些差异,这种差异给药物的基础研究以及临床应用开辟了更多新思路,可使各民族医药之间取长补短。     

熊胆在朝医临床中的应用

朝医药是朝鲜民族在长期生活经验中总结出的抵抗病邪的智慧结晶,其理论核心是四象医学,在治疗上,倡导"药乃局限于人"的药性观。熊胆是熊科动物黑熊或棕熊的胆汁,其性味苦、寒,具有清热解毒,明目,止痉的功效。在朝医药中,熊胆属于太阴人药,具有活血化瘀,发汗等作用。通过对熊胆在临床上的应用以及有关其基础的研究,发现在药物的应用方面朝医药与中医药之间存在着有些差异,这种差异给药物的基础研究以及临床应用开辟了更多新思路,可使各民族医药之间取长补短。     

鹿茸多肽药理作用研究

鹿茸多肽(PAP)是从鹿茸中提出的含有促进骨和软骨细胞分裂的各种多肽因子。离体实验表明,PAP(10～50μg/ml)对离体培养的家兔肋软骨和人胚关节软骨以及鸡胚头盖骨成骨样细胞都有很强的促进有丝分裂作用。整体实验表明,PAP对大鼠挠骨骨折有明显促愈合作用;对大鼠背部皮肤缺损有加速修复作用;对大鼠后肢骨折处骨髓巨噬细胞吞噬功能有促进作用;但对大鼠角叉菜胶性足肿胀和小鼠二甲苯性耳廓肿胀均无抗炎症作用。     

二杠鹿茸与三杈鹿茸中氨基酸含量的比较

通过对二杠鹿茸与三杈鹿茸中氨基酸的测定 ,结果表明 :三杈鹿茸中的氨基酸含量高于二杠鹿茸中氨基酸含量 ,从而为合理利用二杠鹿茸、三杈鹿茸提供科学理论依据。     

线虫在药物开发中的研究进展及在鉴别鹿茸活性成分上的应用

秀丽隐杆线虫(Caenorhabditis elegans, C. elegans)是生命科学研究中的重要模式生物之一,由于其身体结构简单和寿命周期短暂等优势被用来研究整个生命过程不同阶段的分子调节机制,在药物开发领域也发挥了重要作用。因此本综述对秀丽隐杆线虫在药物开发方面的应用及研究进展进行了简要综述。鹿茸作为中国的传统名贵中药,在上千年里大多以粗提物的形式加以应用,鹿茸的具体活性成分及其相关药理作用一直有待于系统研究,由于线虫作为优秀的模式生物操作简单易于观察,可以较方便的对各成分进行效果鉴定,因此本综述对线虫在鉴别鹿茸活性成分中的潜在应用价值进行了探讨。     

三种鹿茸片中氨基酸质量分数的比较

通过对东北梅花鹿茸片、新西兰鹿茸片以及东北梅花鹿茸骨片中氨基酸质量分数的比较测定,结果表明:东北梅花鹿茸片中的氨基酸质量分数高于其余两种茸片中的氨基酸质量分数,从而为合理选购和使用鹿茸片提供科学理论依据。     

梅花鹿鹿茸不同产品中氨基酸含量的比较

通过对二杠鹿茸、三杈鹿茸、鹿茸片、鹿茸血、鹿角、鹿角盘等鹿茸产品中氨基酸含量的测定研究,结果表明:鹿茸血中氨基酸含量最高,鹿茸片中的氨基酸含量次之,三杈鹿茸中的氨基酸含量高于二杠鹿茸中氨基酸含量,鹿花盘中的含量高于鹿角中的氨基酸含量,从而为鹿茸这一动物性中药材资源的功能评价、药理作用提供科学理论依据。     

广州产梅花鹿茸和马鹿茸不同部位氨基酸含量的比较

选取广州产梅花鹿茸和马鹿茸,从上、中、下三个部位进行了氨基酸质量分数的测定。结果表明马鹿茸的氨基酸质量分数要高于梅花鹿茸。     

麋鹿茸与梅花鹿茸、鹿茸雌二醇含量比较

In order to reveal the biochemical basis for the pharmacological use of the antler velvet of Père David's deer (Eluphurus davidianus), we analyzed the estradiol concentrations of velvet tissue samples. We collected velvet tissue from Père David's deer, sika deer (Cervus nippon) and fallow deer (Dama dama). After extracting steroids from velvet tissue with ether, we analyzed the estrdiol concentrations using radioimmunoassay technique. We found that: (1) estradiol concentrations were significantly different in the velvet tissue of these three cervids (P<0.05) and (2) Père David's deer stags had the highest velvet tissue estradiol concentrations, 105.29±27.53 pg/g. [Acta Zoologica Sinica 49(1):124-127,2003].     

鹿茸多肽对缺铁性贫血大鼠的治疗作用及机制研究

摘要 目的：研究鹿茸多肽（PAP）对缺铁性贫血（IDA）大鼠的治疗作用并探讨其可能机制。方法：使用缺铁饲料诱导IDA大鼠模型,将40只IDA大鼠随机分为模型组（灌胃等体积的生理盐水）,Low-PAP组、Medium-PAP组和High-PAP组（分别灌胃30、60和120 mg/kg的PAP）,每组10只,另选取10只正常饲料喂养的同龄健康大鼠作为对照组（灌胃等体积的生理盐水）。每天灌胃1次,疗程为4周。末次给药24 h后,测量各组大鼠的体重、肝脏和脾脏指数,对肝脏和脾脏组织进行苏木素伊红（HE）染色。通过ELISA法检测血红蛋白（Hb）和促红细胞生成素（EPO）含量,通过比色法检测血清铁（SI）含量,通过透射电子显微镜观察肝脏和脾脏线粒体超微结构。使用相应试剂盒检测血清氧化应激指标水平。通过Western blot检测骨髓转铁蛋白受体（TFR）蛋白表达水平。结果：与模型组相比,Low-PAP组、Medium-PAP组和High-PAP组大鼠体重均升高,肝脏和脾脏指数均降低（P<0.05）,且大鼠的肝脏和脾脏形态和线粒体超微结构明显改善,Hb、EPO和SI水平均升高（P<0.05）。与模型组相比,Low-PAP组、Medium-PAP组和High-PAP组大鼠的血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-PX）水平均升高,而丙二醛（MDA）降低（P<0.05）。与模型组相比,Low-PAP组、Medium-PAP组和High-PAP组大鼠的骨髓TFR蛋白相对表达量降低（P<0.05）。结论：本研究表明PAP可有效减轻IDA大鼠的临床症状,促进红细胞生成,增强造血功能,改善铁代谢,提高抗氧化能力,促进线粒体合成。     

生物毒素的医药应用研究进展

生物毒素是一大类具有重要意义的生物源化学物质,生物毒素研究已发展成为与多种学科交叉的“生物毒素学”新学科,其发展对于生命科学、生源合成化学、化学生物学、化学生态学、医学、药物学都有重要意义,对药物创新研究更具有积极作用。该文概述了生物毒素的种类,详细阐述了生物毒素的医药应用及最新进展,指出了生物毒素在医药研究上的热点。     

Phylogenetic Characteristics of Fasciola hepatica Isolated from a Korean Patient

Fascioliasis is a parasitic infection caused by liver flukes. Although several cases have been reported in Korea, phylogenetic analysis of isolates is lacking. In this study, a 66-year-old woman with right upper quadrant (RUQ) abdominal pain was diagnosed as fascioliasis involving abdominal muscle by imaging study. She received praziquantel treatment, but symptoms were not improved. Lateral movement of the abscess lesion was followed. Trematode parasite was surgically removed from the patient’s rectus abdominis muscle. The fluke was identified as Fasciola hepatica based on sequence analysis of 18S rDNA. To determine the phylogenetic position of this Fasciola strain (named Korean Fasciola 1; KF1), the cox1 gene (273 bp) was analyzed and compared with the genes of 17 F. hepatica strains isolated from cows, sheep, goats, and humans from various countries. Phylogenetic analysis showed that KF1 was closely related with the isolates from China goat.     

Characteristics of Korean native, Hanwoo, calves produced by transfer of in vitro produced embryos

The main objectives of this investigation were to monitor the birth weight of calves and gestation length following artificial insemination (AI) and transfer of in vivo or in vitro produced Korean native, Hanwoo embryos. Embryos produced in vivo were recovered from uterine flushings of superovulated cows 7 days after AI. Those embryos produced in vitro were co-cultured with cumulus cells for 7-8 days after in vitro fertilization. The birth weights of calves following the transfer of in vitro produced (IVP) embryos were heavier than calves from both of AI- and in vivo-derived embryo transferred calves in both sexes (29.6, 24.1 and 25.2kg, respectively, P<0.05). The IVP calves also had a longer gestation length (293.9, 285.8 and 283.8 days, respectively, P<0.05).     

木瓜蛋白酶水解马鹿茸血制备免疫活性肽的研究

选用木瓜蛋白酶对天山马鹿茸血进行水解制备免疫活性肽,确定了最佳水解工艺条件,并测定了三种不同水解度水解物的抗氧化活性和免疫活性。水解度(DH)为6.65%时的水解物具有最高DPPH.清除率,DH12.2%时的水解物具有最高OH.清除率。免疫活性体外检测实验显示,DH12.2%时的水解物促进细胞增值率随着浓度的增大而增大,呈现出良好的线性关系(P<0.05)。结果还显示,OH.清除率与免疫活性之间存在相关性,r=0.87(P<0.05).     

Serological and Molecular Characteristics of the First Korean Case of Echinococcus multilocularis

In December 2011, we reported an autochthonous case of Echinococcus multilocularis infection in a 42-year-old woman in Korea. The diagnosis was based on histopathological findings of the surgically resected liver cyst. In the present study, we evaluated the serological and molecular characteristics of this Korean E. multilocularis case. The patient''s serum strongly reacted with affinity-purified native Em18 and recombinant Em18 antigens (specific for E. multilocularis) but negative for recombinant antigen B8/1 (reactive for Echinococcus granulosus). In immunoaffinity chromatography, the serum also strongly reacted with E. multilocularis and only weakly positive for E. granulosus. We determined the whole nucleotide sequence of cox1 (1,608 bp) using the paraffin-embedded cystic tissue which was compared with E. multilocularis isolates from China, Japan, Kazakhstan, Austria, France, and Slovakia. The Korean case showed 99.8-99.9% similarity with isolates from Asia (the highest similarity with an isolate from Sichuan, China), whereas the similarity with European isolates ranged from 99.5 to 99.6%.