Role of the ASK1-SEK1-JNK1-HIPK1 signal in Daxx trafficking and ASK1 oligomerization

Overexpression of JNK binding domain inhibited glucose deprivation-induced JNK1 activation, relocalization of Daxx from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, and apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) oligomerization in human prostate adenocarcinoma DU-145 cells. However, SB203580, a p38 inhibitor, did not prevent relocalization of Daxx and oligomerization of ASK1 during glucose deprivation. Studies from in vivo labeling and immune complex kinase assay demonstrated that phosphorylation of Daxx occurred during glucose deprivation, and its phosphorylation was mediated through the ASK1-SEK1-JNK1-HIPK1 signal transduction pathway. Data from immunofluorescence staining and protein interaction assay suggest that phosphorylated Daxx may be translocated to the cytoplasm, bind to ASK1, and subsequently lead to ASK1 oligomerization. Mutation of Daxx Ser667 to Ala results in suppression of Daxx relocalization during glucose deprivation, suggesting that Ser667 residue plays an important role in the relocalization of Daxx. Unlike wild-type Daxx, a Daxx deletion mutant (amino acids 501-625) mainly localized to the cytoplasm, where it associated with ASK1, activated JNK1, and induced ASK1 oligomerization without glucose deprivation. Taken together, these results show that glucose deprivation activates the ASK1-SEK1-JNK1-HIPK1 pathway, and the activated HIPK1 is probably involved in the relocalization of Daxx from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. The relocalized Daxx may play an important role in glucose deprivation-induced ASK1 oligomerization.     

hDaxx与细胞肿瘤抑制子p53在体内外的相互作用

与急性早幼粒细胞性白血病蛋白(promyelocytic leukemia protein,PML)在体内相互作用共定位于细胞核PML致癌结构城(PML oncogenic domains,PODs)的人Daxx(human Daxx,hDaxx),能结合Fas死亡结构域诱导细胞凋亡.细胞肿瘤抑制子p53抑制细胞及病毒转录,提高细胞内Fas的表达并调节细胞凋亡.为了探索hDaxx与p53在诱导细胞凋亡中有无相互作用及其作用效果,利用酵母双杂交体系测定发现p53通过C端与hDaxx结合,共免疫沉淀反应及Western blot结果显示hDaxx与p53能在体内外直接结合.hDaxx与p53结合并发生相互作用可能对细胞周期有一定的调节作用.