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目的:比较GlideScope视频喉镜(加拿大Saturn生物技术有限公司)和普通直接喉镜在颈椎损伤患者气管插管中的难易,及两种工具插管对血液动力学的影响。方法:拟在经口气管插管全身麻醉下行择期手术的患者40例,ASAI级,年龄18~60岁,随机分为G组和M组(n=20)。常规麻醉诱导后,手法制动头颈部,G组采用GlideScope视频喉镜,M组用Macintosh直接喉镜行气管插管。分析比较两组声门暴露情况(Cormark-Lehane分级)以及暴露时间,试插次数,失败例数,有无助手辅助,插管前后心率与收缩压乘积(RPP)变化。结果:与M组比较,G组声门暴露情况较好,但暴露时间显著延长(P<0.05)。M组需要助手辅助及插管失败的比例均高于G组。两组RPP的变化在各个时点无显著差别。结论:在为颈椎损伤患者气管插管中,GlideScope视频喉镜能够更好的显露声门,降低插管难度,提高插管的成功率。 相似文献
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Lewis G Rapsomaniki E Bouriez T Crockford T Ferry H Rigby R Vyse T Lambe T Cornall R 《Immunogenetics》2004,56(8):564-571
Immunoglobulin E (IgE) plays a critical role in both resistance to parasitic infection and allergy to environmental antigens. The IgE response is in turn regulated by the B-cell co-receptor CD23, and CD23-deficient mice show exaggerated IgE responses and airway hyper-responsiveness. In this report, we show that New Zealand black (NZB) mice express a variant CD23 allele, with mutations in both the C-lectin-binding domain and stalk region, which fails to bind IgE at high affinity and has reduced expression on the cell surface. Expression of the variant CD23 chain interferes with trimerisation of the receptor and has a dominant-negative effect leading to reduced IgE binding in crosses between NZB and other strains. Genetic mapping shows that the variant CD23 leads to an exaggerated primary IgE response, which is independent of other strain-specific effects. These results suggest that NZB mice or mice carrying the variant allele will be useful models for studying both allergy and quantitative traits associated with atopy. The exaggerated IgE response provides an explanation for the natural resistance of NZB mice to parasitic infection by Leishmania. 相似文献
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We have identified and characterized the phenotype of a new insertional mutation in one line of transgenic mice. Mice carrying this mutation, which we have designated TgN(Imusd)370Rpw, display undulations of the vertebrae giving rise to a novel kinky-tail phenotype. Molecular characterization of the insertion site indicates that the transgene integration has occurred without any substantial alterations in the structure of the host sequences. Using probes that flank the insertion site, we have mapped the mutation to chromosome 5 near the semidominant mutation, thick tail (Tht). Thick tail does not complement the TgN(Imusd)370Rpw mutation; compound mutants containing one copy of each mutation display a more severe phenotype than either mutation individually. 相似文献
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Bacterial secondary production and rates of bacterivory weredetermined from samples collected from mesotrophic Lake Arlington.Bacterial production and losses were determined by comparingthe growth of natural bacterial assemblages in the presenceof predators (unfiltered samples) to growth in the absence ofpredators (water filtered through 1.0 (im porosity filters).Growth rates of heterotrophic nanoflagellates (HNF) were estimatedfrom growth in the absence of predators (water filtered through5.0 µm porojity filters). Bacterial growth rates rangedbetween 0.002 and 0.069 h1 and averaged 0.026 h1.HNF grew at rates ranging between 0.003 and 0.107 h1and averaged 0.028 h Grazing rates ranged between 0.002and 0.043 h1, and averaged 0.018 h. The annual averagerate of bacterial biomass synthesis was 3.2 g Clh1 and {small tilde}69% of this production was grazed.Temporal changes in growth and grazing rates suggest a tightlycoupled predator-prey linkage in this lake.
1Present address: Hydrobiological Institute, Czech Academy ofSciences, Na sddkach 7, 370 05 teski Budjovice, Czech Republic 相似文献
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A simple method of estimating type-specific neutralizing antibody to type 2 herpes simplex virus (HSV-2) was devised with the use of the microneutralization system. Serially diluted serum was mixed in the well with a constant amount of type 1 virus (HSV-1), and after 3 days' incubation at 37 C, the plate was irradiated with ultraviolet light. The absorbing HSV-1 consisted of culture fluid plus an extract of infected Vero cells not especially concentrated. The well then received indicator HSV-1 or HSV-2, and after being left at 37 C for 1 hr a suspension of dispersed Vero cells was dropped into the wells, following our standard neutralization procedure. Preliminary tests with rabbit antisera showed that even a low level of HSV-2 antibody was detected by this method, unless an exceptionally high titer of HSV-1 antibody originally coexisted with the HSV-2 antibody. Sera from acutely infected persons testified to the specificity of the antibody so detected. It was revealed by means of the new technique that the rate of HSV-2 antibody was significantly higher in uterine cervical cancer patients than in control women. There was no correlation between the clinical stage of cervical cancer and the presence of HSV-2 antibody. 相似文献
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A Rissanen M Heli?vaara P Knekt A Reunanen A Aromaa J Maatela 《BMJ (Clinical research ed.)》1990,301(6756):835-837
OBJECTIVE--To investigate the effect of overweight on premature mortality and work disability in young and middle aged Finns. DESIGN--Prospective cohort study based on data collected in the multiphasic health examinations by the Social Insurance Institution of Finland from 1966 to 1972 and follow up until 1982. SETTING--34 Communities throughout Finland. SUBJECTS--12,053 Women and 19,076 men who were employed and aged 25-64 at baseline. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES--Mortality and work disability pensions from all and specified causes. RESULTS--Body mass index was a weak predictor of death but a strong predictor of early work disability, which increased linearly with body mass index. After adjustment for age, geographical region, occupation, and smoking the relative risks of work disability for women and men with a body mass index greater than or equal to 30 kg/m2 were, respectively, 2.0 (95% confidence interval 1.8 to 2.3) and 1.5 (1.3 to 1.7) when compared with those of subjects with body mass index less than 22.5 kg/m2. The increased risks were due to an excess of cardiovascular and musculoskeletal diseases but not of mental diseases. One fourth of all disability pensions from cardiovascular and musculoskeletal causes in women and half as many in men could be attributed to overweight (body mass index greater than 25 kg/m2) alone. CONCLUSIONS--Though modest overweight has little impact on mortality it predicts severe functional impairment. A considerable proportion of work disability pensions could probably be prevented by efficient weight control. 相似文献
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Electric and magnetic fields in tubular bones induced due to the propagation of travelling axisymmetric torsional waves, are determined in the paper by accounting for the piezoelectricity, inhomogeneity and anisotropy of osseous tissues. Using the derived expressions and experimentally determined values of the involved physical constants, numerical values of the displacement and stress fields, and also the induced fields are computed for points at different locations of the bone specimen. 相似文献
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Pahwa Heena Khan Md. Touseef Sharan Kunal 《Molecular and cellular biochemistry》2020,469(1-2):109-118
Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry - Diabetes is associated with an increase in skeletal fragility and risk of fracture. However, the underlying mechanism for the same is not well understood.... 相似文献
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An adult male chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera) presented with severe lethargy and tachypnea; the physical examination was otherwise unremarkable. Due to the animal''s clinical condition, it was submitted for necropsy but died immediately prior to euthanasia. Clinicopathologic findings included leukocytosis with a left-shift neutrophilia and lymphopenia, azotemia, hyperphosphatemia, hyperglycemia, hyperlipemia, electrolyte imbalance, cholestasis, and hepatocellular damage. Neutrophilic enteritis with gram-negative bacterial colonization, hepatic lipidosis, interstitial pneumonia, suppurative tubulonephritis, erosive gastritis, cerebral edema, and lymphoid depletion were present microscopically. Attaching and effacing, eae-positive, Escherichia coli characterized by the presence of the intimin virulence factor was isolated from both the kidney and spleen. The cause of death was attributed to acute E. coli septicemia and subsequent disseminated intravascular coagulation.Abbreviations: AEEC, attaching and effacing E. coli.A black-gray, adult (age, unknown) male, experimentally naïve chinchilla (Chinchilla lanigera) purchased (Moulton Chinchilla Ranch, Rochester, MN) approximately 1 y previously, presented with extreme lethargy and tachypnea during daily health rounds. The chinchilla was group housed with 2 cage mates in accordance with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals9 in an AAALAC-accredited facility. A total of 12 nonSPF chinchillas were acquired together from the same vendor. The chinchillas were housed in a self-contained isolation cubicle within a diverse-species room, which included mice, rats, guinea pigs, and gerbils. The cubicle was maintained at negative pressure with regard to the room. Housing consisted of a modified stainless steel chicken brooder (Alternative Design Manufacturing and Supply, Siloam Springs, AR). The chinchilla was fed a daily ration of pelleted diet (Mazuri Chinchilla Diet 5M01, PMI Nutrition International, Richmond, IN) and maintained on filtered chlorinated municipal water via a glass bottle with a rubber stopper and stainless steel sipper. Caging, feeding bowls, and water bottles were sent to the cage washing area for sanitation. Cage components were sanitized in a rack washer (Better Built Rack Washer, Northwest Systems, Delta, Canada) that provided a 180 °F final water rinse. A blend of organic and inorganic acid detergent (Acidulate 28, Quip Labs, Wilmington, DE) was used during the wash cycle to remove urine deposits and proteinaceous debris. Environmental enrichment included the provision of hide boxes, biweekly dust baths (Critter Bath Powder, Central Garden and Pet, Walnut Creek, CA), certified wood gnawing blocks (Bio-Serv, Frenchtown, NJ), and western timothy hay (Oxbow Animal Health, Murdock, NE). Room conditions included 18.3 to 20.0 °C (65 to 68 °F), 35% to 40% relative humidity, and a 12:12-h light:dark cycle. Routine health monitoring consisted of daily observations by the husbandry and veterinary technical staff for clinical signs of illness. No deviations in appetite or other gross abnormalities were noticed prior to the animal''s illness.On physical examination, the chinchilla was moribund and responsive only when prodded. Copious fecal pellets were palpated on abdominal examination. The animal weighed 560 g and was in good body condition. The chinchilla was submitted immediately for necropsy but died prior to euthanasia. Subsequently, approximately 2 mL of blood was withdrawn by cardiocentesis for hematology and chemistry. Chinchilla-specific reference intervals were not available from the laboratory; therefore, published reference intervals were used as a guide for interpretation of the hematology and clinical chemistry results.24 相似文献
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Crystallographic and kinetic methods have been used to characterize a site-specific variant of yeast enolase in which Ser 39 in the active-site flap has been changed to Ala. In the wild-type enzyme, the carbonyl and hydroxyl groups of Ser 39 chelate the second equivalent of divalent metal ion, effectively anchoring the flap over the fully liganded active site. With Mg(2+) as the activating cation, S39A enolase has <0.01% of wild-type activity as reported previously [J.M. Brewer, C.V. Glover, M.J. Holland, L. Lebioda, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1383 (2) (1998) 351-355]. Measurements of (2)H kinetic isotope effects indicate that the proton abstraction from 2-phosphoglycerate (2-PGA) is significantly rate determining. Analysis of the isotope effects provides information on the relative rates of formation and breakdown of the enolate intermediate. Moreover, assays with different species of divalent metal ions reveal that with S39A enolase (unlike the case of wild-type enolase), more electrophilic metal ions promote higher activities. The kinetic results with the S39A variant support the notions that a rate-limiting product release lowers the activity of wild-type enolase with more electrophilic metal ions and that the metal ions are used to acidify the C2-proton of 2-PGA. The S39A enolase was co-crystallized with Mg(2+) and the inhibitor phosphonoacetohydroxamate (PhAH). The structure was solved and refined at a resolution of 2.1 A. The structure confirms the conjecture that the active-site flap is opened in the mutant protein. PhAH chelates to both Mg ions as in the corresponding structure of the wild-type complex. Positions of the side chains of catalytic groups, Lys 345 and Glu 211, and of auxiliary residues Glu 168 and Lys 396 are virtually unchanged relative to the complex with the wild-type protein. His 159, which hydrogen bonds to the phosphonate oxygens in the wild-type complex, is 5.7 A from the closest phosphonate oxygen, and the loop (154-166) containing His 159 is shifted away from the active center. A peripheral loop, Glu 251-Gly 275, also moves to open access to the active site. 相似文献
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Lapine articular chondrocytes were subcultured in the presence or absence of the prostanoid precursors, arachidonic acid or dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid, and the cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin. Lipid storage was studied microscopically using the Sudan black staining method. Control chondrocyte cultures showed a weakly positive staining reaction until confluence was reached, at which point the intra-cytoplasmic lipid content decreased. Both arachidonic acid and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid at 100 mumol/l caused a marked increase in lipid storage which continued even after confluence was achieved. 1 mumol/l concentrations were indistinguishable from controls, whereas 10 mumol/l concentrations elicited a slight increase in lipid storage compared with controls. The prostaglandin cyclooxygenase inhibitor indomethacin did not affect chondrocyte lipid storage. However, administration of a prostanoid precursor in the presence of indomethacin caused a massive increase in intra-cytoplasmic storage of lipid, eventually leading to cell death. A possible explanation is that indomethacin may alter chondrocyte lipid metabolism in the presence of substrate molecules by rechanneling lipid synthesis away from the prostaglandin pathway to other lipid synthetic pathways. 相似文献
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A teenager aged 17 was a professional soccer player, and was without symptoms. He died suddenly during physical exercise at the field. All reanimation efforts were unsuccessfull. At the forensic autopsy he had suppurative bacterial tonsillitis, subacute diffuse myopericarditis and narrowing of the ascending aorta of 10 mm. In Croatia the death rate among athletes reached 0.15/100,000, in athletes suffered of acute respiratory tract infections 0.34/100,000, in males who practice exercise recreatively 0.75/100,000 (p = 0.0014), in school children 1.0/100,000 (p = 0.0010). Physical exercise is contraindicated in acute respiratory tract infections. Every such case has to be treated by physician. When to start with physical training after suppurative-bacterial tonsillitis depends on disappearing of clinical signs, normalization of erythrocite sedimentation rate; of white cell count and serum level of C-reactive protein. Physical exercise is contraindicated in patients suffering of myopericarditis for at least 6 months. When to start exercise depends on disappearing of subjective symptoms and normalization of clinical and laboratory findings. 相似文献
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Impaired Ca(2+) reuptake into the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) underlies a primary pathogenesis of heart failure in the aging heart. Sarcalumenin (SAR), a Ca(2+)-binding glycoprotein located in the longitudinal SR, regulates Ca(2+) reuptake by interacting with SR Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA). Here we found that the expression levels of both SAR and SERCA2 proteins were significantly downregulated in senescent wild-type mice (18-month old) and that downregulation of SAR protein preceded downregulation of SERCA2 protein. The downregulation of SERCA2 protein was greater in senescent SARKO mice than in age-matched senescent wild-type mice, which was at least in part due to progressive degradation of SERCA2 protein in SARKO mice. Senescent SARKO mice exhibited typical findings of heart failure such as increased sympathetic activity, impaired exercise tolerance, and upregulation of biomarkers of cardiac stress. Consequently, cardiac function was progressively decreased in senescent SARKO. We also found that the expression levels of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related genes such as x-box binding protein 1 (XBP1) were significantly increased in senescent SARKO mice, indicating that senescent SARKO mice exhibited ER stress. Thus we uncovered the important role of SAR in maintaining Ca(2+) transport activity of SERCA2a and cardiac function in the senescent population. 相似文献