Vital signs monitoring during injectable and inhalant anesthesia in mice

Selecting the appropriate anesthetic protocol for the individual animal is an essential part of laboratory animal experimentation. The present study compared the characteristics of four anesthetic protocols in mice, focusing on the vital signs. Thirty-two male ddY mice were divided into four groups and administered anesthesia as follows: pentobarbital sodium monoanaesthesia; ketamine and xylazine combined (K/X); medetomidine, midazolam, and butorphanol combined (M/M/B); and isoflurane. In each group, rectal temperature, heart rate, respiratory rate, and O₂ saturation (SPO₂) were measured, and the changes over time and instability in these signs were compared. The anesthetic depth was also evaluated in each mouse, and the percentage of mice achieving surgical anesthesia was calculated. K/X anesthesia caused remarkable bradycardia, while the respiratory rate and SPO₂ were higher than with the others, suggesting a relatively strong cardiac influence and less respiratory depression. The M/M/B group showed a relatively lower heart rate and SPO₂, but these abnormalities were rapidly reversed by atipamezole administration. The pentobarbital group showed a lower SPO₂, and 62.5% of mice did not reach a surgical anesthetic depth. The isoflurane group showed a marked decrease in respiratory rate compared with the injectable anesthetic groups. However, it had the most stable SPO₂ among the groups, suggesting a higher tidal volume. The isoflurane group also showed the highest heart rate during anesthesia. In conclusion, the present study showed the cardiorespiratory characteristics of various anesthetic protocols, providing basic information for selecting an appropriate anesthetic for individual animals during experimentation.     

Clinical evaluation of combination of dexmedetomidine and midazolam vs. dexmedetomidine alone for sedation during spinal anesthesia

BackgroundDexmedetomidine is a useful sedative agent for spinal anesthesia. However, it has been reported to decreases heart rate in a dose-dependent manner. In the present study, we compared the bolus dose of midazolam and bolus loaded dexmedetomidine over 10 min to determine additional sedation methods.MethodsA total of 100 patients who were classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I–II undergoing spinal anesthesia were randomly divided into two groups. In the combination of midazolam and dexmedetomidine group (group MD), 10 min after bolus loading of 0.05 mg/kg midazolam, 0.5 μg/kg/h dexmedetomidine was infused. In the dexmedetomidine group (group D), 1 μg/kg bolus dose of dexmedetomidine was infused over 10 min, and then 0.5 μg/kg/h dexmedetomidine was infused continuously.ResultsAt 10 min, the sedation depth of the two groups was approximately the same. In both groups, the bispectral index (BIS) was within the optimal range of 55–80 and the Ramsay Sedation Scale score was within the optimal range of 3–5. Both patient and surgeon satisfaction with sedation did not differ between groups. At 10 min, heart rate (beats/min) was significantly lower (P < .01) in group D and mean blood pressure (mm Hg) was significantly lower (P < .01) in group MD. The prevalence of bradycardia (P = .714), hypotension (P = .089), and hypoxia (P = .495) did not differ statistically between the two groups.ConclusionsMidazolam bolus and dexmedetomidine continuous infusion may be a useful additional sedation method for patients who have severe bradycardia.     

异丙酚复合布托啡诺辅助腰硬联合麻醉用于妇科腹腔镜手术

目的探讨异丙酚复合布托啡诺辅助腰硬联合麻醉应用于妇科腹腔镜手术的安全性和优越性。方法将50例行妇科腹腔镜手术患者随机分为两组,B组为异丙酚复合布托啡诺辅助腰硬联合麻醉组,F组为异丙酚复合芬太尼辅助腰硬联合麻醉组。术中保证患者睡眠、无体动。观察两组术中有无呼吸抑制、舌后坠及恶心呕吐,记录各时段生命体征及气腹时间、苏醒时间、异丙酚总用量。结果两组患者各时段的MAP、HR、RR、SpO2变化均在正常范围内。B组呼吸抑制、舌后坠、寒战发生率显著低于F组（P〈0.05）,异丙酚总用量显著少于F组（P〈0.05）。结论异丙酚复合布托啡诺辅助腰硬联合麻醉能为妇科短时间腹腔镜手术提供安全满意的麻醉效果。     

Sex-related effects of sleep deprivation on depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors in mice

Anxiety and depressive symptoms are generated after paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD).However, it is not clear whether PSD produces differential effects between females andmales. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of PSD on anxiety- anddepressive-like behaviors between sexes. Male and female BALB/c mice were divided in threegroups: the control group, the 48-h PSD group and the 96-h PSD group. Immediately afterPSD protocols, the forced swimming and open field test were applied. Sucrose consumptiontest was used to evaluate the middle-term effect of PSD. We found that corticosteroneserum levels showed significant differences in the 96-h PSD females as compared to 96-hPSD males. In the open-field test, the 48-h and 96-h PSD females spent more time at theperiphery of the field, and showed high locomotion as compared to males. In the elevatedplus maze, the 48-h PSD females spent more time in closed arms than males, which iscompatible with anxiety-like behavior. The forced swim test indicated that the 96-h PSDmales spent more time swimming as compared to the 96-h PSD females. Remarkably, the 96-hPSD males had lower sucrose intake than the 96-h PSD females, which suggest that male micehave proclivity to develop a persistent depressive-like behavior late after PSD. Inconclusion, male mice showed a significant trend to depressive-like behaviors late aftersleep deprivation. Conversely, female have a strong tendency to display anxiety- anddepressive-like behaviors immediately after sleep deprivation.     

Effect of butorphanol,midazolam or ketamine on romifidine based sedation in horses during standing cheek tooth removal

Background

Standing surgery, especially dental procedures, are commonly performed in horses. This leads to an increasing demand for reliable sedation protocols. Therefore, it was the purpose of this study to investigate the influence of butorphanol, midazolam or ketamine on romifidine based sedation in horses during cheek tooth removal.

Methods

Forty horses presented for tooth extraction were divided in four groups using matched pair randomization. Group R was sedated with romifidine (bolus 0.03 mg/kg, followed by a constant rate infusion (CRI) 0.05 mg/kg/h) and group RB with romifidine (same dose) and butorphanol (0.02 mg/kg; CRI 0.04 mg/kg/h). Group RM received romifidine (same dose) and midazolam (0.02 mg/kg; CRI 0.06 mg/kg/h) whereas group RK was administered romifidine (same dose) and ketamine (0.5 mg/kg; CRI 1.2 mg/kg/h). If sedation was not adequate a top up bolus of romifidine (0.01 mg/kg) was administered. The quality of sedation and the conditions for tooth extraction, the level of ataxia, chewing, head and tongue movement were evaluated by using a scoring system. The investigator was blinded to the applied sedation protocol. Furthermore, serum cortisol concentrations before, during and after the procedure were analyzed to gain more information about the stress level of the horses.

Results

Horses in group RM showed significantly less chewing and tongue activity compared to horses sedated with romifidine alone or with butorphanol additionally, but also significantly higher levels of ataxia. The quality of sedation was significantly better if romifidine was administered in combination with ketamine compared to romifidine alone. Furthermore, horses of group RK needed less additional romifidine boli compared to all other groups. Blood cortisol concentrations during surgery in groups RB and RM remained unchanged. Horses of group R showed higher cortisol concentrations during sedation compared to horses of groups RB and RM.

Conclusion

Romifidine alone at an initial bolus dose of 0.03 mg/kg followed by a constant rate infusion of 0.05 mg/kg/h was insufficient to obtain an adequate level of sedation and led to increased stress levels, whereas the addition of butorphanol inhibited the stress response. The combination of romifidine with either midazolam or ketamine improved sedation quality and surgical conditions.

     

舒芬太尼复合小剂量咪达唑仑在下肢骨折椎管内麻醉前的应用观察

目的观察舒芬太尼复合小剂量咪达唑仑在下肢骨折椎管内麻醉前的应用效果。方法选取我院收治的下肢骨折患者450例,采取数字随机法分为观察组和对照组。对照组在椎管内麻醉前给予小剂量咪达唑仑,观察组在对照组的基础上于椎管麻醉前加用舒芬太尼,比较两组的应用效果。结果观察组给药后收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP)、心率(HR)水平均低于入室时(P0.05),而且也明显低于对照组(P0.05)。两组血氧饱和度(SpO2)水平在入室时、给药后比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组给药后30、45min的镇静、镇痛效果评分均高于对照组(P0.05),而且观察组给药后45min的镇静、镇痛效果评分低于给药后30min(P0.05)。结论舒芬太尼复合小剂量咪达唑仑在下肢骨折椎管内麻醉前的应用效果显著,可达到镇静、止痛作用。     

Nutritional Interventions in Depression and Perinatal Depression

Depression is the leading cause of mental disability worldwide. Women who are depressed during pregnancy are at a higher risk for preterm delivery, preeclampsia, birth difficulties, and postpartum depression. The treatment of depression in conventional medicine has focused on physiological factors that lead to impaired neurotransmitter function and treatments to improve neurotransmitter function. Pharmaceutical substances pose risks for pregnant and lactating women, and lower risk options are preferred. Micronutrients, including certain B vitamins, folate, and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), play a role in the synthesis and absorption of neurotransmitters. Experimental studies suggest that supplementation with specific micronutrients may alleviate depressive symptoms and improve birth outcomes in patients with perinatal depression. Alternative treatments for depression, including nutritional supplements, are an important treatment option for depressive symptoms while limiting potential side effects and treatment costs. This article explores the biological basis of perinatal depression and reviews the potential benefits of non-pharmacological interventions.     

Physiological,pharmacokinetic and liver metabolism comparisons between 3-, 6-, 12- and 18-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats under ketamine-xylazine anesthesia

The main objective of this study was to compare the physiological changes (withdrawal andcorneal reflexes, respiratory and cardiac frequency, blood oxygen saturation, and rectaltemperature) following intraperitoneal administration of ketamine (80 mg/kg) and xylazine(10 mg/kg) to 3-, 6-, 12- and 18-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats (n=6/age group).Plasma pharmacokinetics, liver metabolism, and blood biochemistry were examined for alimited number of animals to better explain anesthetic drug effects. Selected organs werecollected for histopathology. The results for the withdrawal and corneal reflexes suggesta shorter duration and decreased depth of anesthesia with aging. Significant cardiac andrespiratory depression, as well as decreased blood oxygen saturation, occurred in all agegroups however, cardiac frequency was the most affected parameter with aging, since the6-, 12-, and 18-month-old animals did not recuperate to normal values during recovery fromanesthesia. Pharmacokinetic parameters (T_1/2 and AUC) increased and drugclearance decreased with aging, which strongly suggests that drug exposure is associatedwith the physiological results. The findings for liver S9 fractions of 18-month-old ratscompared with the other age groups suggest that following a normal ketamine anestheticdose (80 mg/kg), drug metabolism is impaired, leading to a significant increase of drugexposure. In conclusion, age and related factors have a substantial effect on ketamine andxylazine availability, which is reflected by significant changes in pharmacokinetics andliver metabolism of these drugs, and this translates into shorter and less effectiveanesthesia with increasing age.     

Effect of Cetrorelix administration on ovarian stimulation in aged mice

In mice, ovarian stimulation via hormone administration is an effective method for obtaining many ova simultaneously, but its effect is reduced by the influence of aging. In this study, we demonstrate that this problem can be improved by administering the gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist Cetrorelix prior to ovarian stimulation. Before 12-month-old female mice were injected with 5 IU pregnant mare serum gonadotropin and 5 IU human chorionic gonadotropin, we administered 5 µg/kg Cetrorelix for 7 consecutive days (7 times) or 3 times once every 3 days. As a result, 8.7 ± 1.9 (mean ± SEM, n=10) and 9.8 ± 1.3 (n=10) oocytes were obtained, respectively, as opposed to 4.7 ± 1.2 oocytes (n=9) in the case of no administration. Collagen staining of ovarian tissue showed that Cetrorelix administration reduced the degree of fibrosis, which improved ovarian function. In addition, equivalent fertilization and fetal development rates between control and Cetrorelix-treated aged mouse-derived oocytes were confirmed by in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (Fertilization rate; control: 92.2% vs. 3 times: 96.9%/7 times: 88.5%, Birth rate; control: 56.4% vs. 3 times: 58.3%/7 times: 51.8%), indicating the normality of the obtained oocytes. It is concluded that Cetrorelix improved the effect of superovulation in aged mice without reducing oocyte quality. This procedure will contribute to animal welfare by extending the effective utilization of aged female breeding mice.     

Effects of inhalational anesthesia on blood gases and pH in California sea lions

Despite the widespread use of inhalational anesthesia with spontaneous ventilation in many studies of otariid pinnipeds, the effects and risks of anesthetic‐induced respiratory depression on blood gas and pH regulation are unknown in these animals. During such anesthesia in California sea lions (Zalophus californianus), blood gas and pH analyses of opportunistic blood samples revealed routine hypercarbia (highest P_CO2 = 128 mm Hg [17.1 kPa]), but adequate arterial oxygenation (P_O2 > 100 mm Hg [13.3 kPa] on 100% inspiratory oxygen). Respiratory acidosis (lowest pH = 7.05) was limited by the increased buffering capacity of sea lion blood. A markedly widened alveolar‐to‐arterial P_O2 difference was indicative of atelectasis and ventilation‐perfusion mismatch in the lung secondary to hypoventilation during anesthesia. Despite the generally safe track record of this anesthetic regimen in the past, these findings demonstrate the value of high inspiratory O₂ concentrations and the necessity of constant vigilance and caution. In order to avoid hypoxemia, we emphasize the importance of late extubation or at least maintenance of mask ventilation on O₂ until anesthetic‐induced respiratory depression is resolved. In this regard, whether for planned or emergency application, we also describe a simple, easily employed intubation technique with the Casper “zalophoscope” for sea lions.     

CO2 anesthesia on Drosophila survival in aging research

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) exposure is a common method of anesthesia in studies of Drosophila melanogaster. A number of negative side effects of CO₂ anesthesia have been reported. It is not clear whether the length of CO₂ anesthesia time affects Drosophila survival in aging research. Here, we examined the potential effect of the CO₂ anesthesia time length of 10–150 min. We found that long CO₂ exposure could lead to Drosophila death, more significant in males. The longer the anesthesia time is, the longer it takes for flies to wake up. Long-time CO₂ anesthesia can reduce the lifespan. Our stress tests showed that long-time CO₂ anesthesia can increase the average survival time in both males and females under starvation conditions, but can only increase female lifespan under H₂O₂ oxidative stress. Long-time CO₂ anesthesia also significantly affects physiological traits, with spontaneous activity increased in females but decreased in males, and reduced female fecundity. Our study suggests that limiting the CO₂ anesthesia time and giving enough recovery time before performing physiological tests are important in Drosophila aging research.     

Effect of Starvation on the Endocytic Pathway in Dictyostelium Cells

Dictyostelium discoideum amoebae have been used extensively to study the structure and dynamics of the endocytic pathway. Here, we show that while the general structure of the endocytic pathway is maintained in starved cells, its dynamics rapidly slow down. In addition, analysis of apm3 and lvsB mutants reveals that the functional organization of the endocytic pathway is profoundly modified upon starvation. Indeed, in these mutant cells, some of the defects observed in rich medium persist in starved cells, notably an abnormally slow transfer of endocytosed material between endocytic compartments. Other parameters, such as endocytosis of the fluid phase or the rate of fusion of postlysosomes to the cell surface, vary dramatically upon starvation. Studying the endocytic pathway in starved cells can provide a different perspective, allowing the primary (invariant) defects resulting from specific mutations to be distinguished from their secondary (conditional) consequences.Dictyostelium discoideum is a widely used model organism for studying the organization and function of the endocytic pathway. In Dictyostelium, the organization of the endocytic pathway is similar to that in higher eukaryotes. The pathway in Dictyostelium can be divided into four steps (see Fig. S1 in the supplemental material): uptake at the plasma membrane of particles and medium, transfer through early acidic endocytic compartments (lysosomes), passage into less acidic postlysosomes (PLs), and finally, exocytosis of undigested materials (17, 20). Thus, Dictyostelium recapitulates many of the functions of the endocytic pathway in mammalian cells, including some features observed in most cell types (lysosome biogenesis) and some observed only in specialized cells (phagocytosis, macropinocytosis, and lysosome secretion).Dictyostelium amoebae live in the soil, where they feed by ingesting and digesting other microorganisms. In addition, axenic laboratory strains can macropinocytose medium to ensure their growth. Accordingly, both in natural situations and in laboratory settings, the endocytic pathway plays a key role in the acquisition of nutrients by Dictyostelium cells. In agreement with this notion, several observations suggest that the physiology of the endocytic pathway is sensitive to nutrient availability. In particular, starvation induces secretion of lysosomal enzymes by an unknown mechanism (11). The morphology of the endocytic pathway is also sensitive to nutritional cues, as shown for example by the observation that formation of multilamellar endosomes is enhanced in cells fed with bacteria (18).Here, we analyzed the effect of starvation on the organization as well as the dynamics of the endocytic pathway. We found that, while the overall organization was not extensively modified in starved cells, the dynamics of endocytic compartments were altered. Moreover, analysis of two specific knockout mutants, the apm3 (6) and lvsB (8) strains, revealed that their phenotype was profoundly altered upon starvation, providing further insight about the role of Apm3 and LvsB in the endocytic pathway.     

Effect of dexmedetomidine-induced anesthesia on the postoperative cognitive function of elder patients after laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine at maintenance dose on the postoperative function of elder patients after general anesthesia for laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy.MethodsWe enrolled a total of 96 elder patients who were admitted to this hospital for laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy under general anesthesia between March 2015 and March 2017, and divided them into two groups, Group A (n = 48) and B (n = 48). Patients in both groups received the same methods for anesthesia induction and maintenance drugs. At the beginning of operation, patients in Group A received the intravenous injection of dexmedetomidine (0.8 μg/kg) followed by maintenance dose [0.5 μg/(kg h)] to the end of operation, while those in Group B underwent intravenous injection of 0.9% normal saline at the same rate, during which blood pressure, heart rate, oxyhemoglobin saturation and dosage of anesthetics at T1 (5 min after being delivered into the operation room), T2 (immediately after anesthesia induction), T3 (immediately after intubation), T4 (immediately after operation), T5 (immediately after end of operation) and T6 (immediately after extubation). Then, the levels of NSE, IL-6, CRP and HMGB1 were compared between two groups at 24 h before the operation, at the end, 24 h, 3 d and 7 d after operation. Besides, we also compared the postoperative cognitive functions and incidence of adverse reactions at 1 d before, 1, 2, 3 and 7 d after operation through MOCA scales.ResultsAt T3, T4 and T6, comparisons of the average arterial pressure and heart rate showed that the differences between the two groups had statistical significance (p < .05). At the end of operation, and at 24 h, 3 d and 7 d after operation, we found that the levels of IL-6 and CRP in patients of two groups were all significantly elevated when compared with those before operation; at the end of operation and at 24 h and 3 d after operation, the levels of IL-6 and CRP in the Group B were higher than those in the Group A, and the differences had statistical significance (p < .05). At the end of operation and at 24 h and 3 d after operation, the levels of NSE and HMGB1 in two group were higher than those before operation, and a more significant elevation was identified in Group B with statistically significant differences (p < .05); at 7 d after operation, a decreasing trend was found in the level of HMGB1, which, however, remained higher than the preoperative level, and the level in Group B was still higher than that in Group A with statistically significant differences (p < .05). At 2 d after operation, we found that the scores of MOCA in the Group B were remarkably decreased in comparison with the scores in Group A with a statistically significant difference (p < .05). Moreover, the incidence rate of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in the Group A was significantly lower than that in the Group B, and the difference had statistical significance (p < .05).ConclusionDexmedetomidine can ameliorate the postoperative cognitive functions of elder patients who received the laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy under general anesthesia, and effectively decrease the incidence rate of POCD without any obvious or severe adverse reaction. Thus, it can serve as a kind of adjuvant drug for general anesthesia in clinical practice.     

蛛网膜下腔麻醉在剖宫产麻醉中的应用效果及对泌乳素、IL-10及循环系统的影响

摘要 目的：探讨蛛网膜下腔麻醉在剖宫产麻醉中的应用效果及对泌乳素、白细胞介素10（IL-10）及循环系统的影响。方法：选择2019年6月-2021年6月在我院接受治疗的120例剖宫产产妇,采用随机数表法分为试验组（n=61）和对照组（n=59）。对照组给予连续性硬膜外麻醉,试验组蛛网膜下腔麻醉。比较两组麻醉情况、泌乳素、IL-10、心率（HR）、收缩压（SBP）及舒张压（DBP）、去甲肾上腺素（NE）、肾上腺素（E）、多巴胺（DA）水平变化情况及不良反应发生情况。结果：试验组感觉阻滞起效、运动阻滞起效时间均显著低于对照组,感觉阻滞维持、运动阻滞维持时间均高于对照组（P<0.05）;术前,试验组和对照组血清泌乳素、IL-10比较无显著性差异;术后,试验组血清泌乳素、IL-10均高于对照组,具有显著性差异（P<0.05）;术前,试验组和对照组HR、SBP及DBP比较无显著性差异;术后,试验组和对照组HR、SBP及DBP均有所降低,两组间无显著性差异（P>0.05）;术前,两组应激反应水平无显著性差异;术后试验组和对照组NE、E、DA水平均有所升高,且试验组上述指标均显著低于对照组,具有显著性差异（P<0.05）;两组不良反应总发生率为4.92%、8.47%,无显著性差异（P>0.05）。结论：在剖宫产中应用蛛网膜下腔麻醉效果显著,可有效改善产妇泌乳素、IL-10水平。     

Anesthetic and pathological changes following high doses of ketamine and xylazine in Sprague Dawley rats

The main objective of this study was to compare the effects of ketamine and xylazine inaging rats when coadministered intraperitoneally at high anesthetic doses. Three groups(n=6 rats/group) consisting of rats at 3, 6 and 12 months of age were used. Duringanesthesia, animals were monitored for heart rate, respiratory frequency, blood oxygensaturation, and rectal temperature. The corneal and paw withdrawal reflex were alsoexamined during anesthesia. During anesthesia, withdrawal and corneal reflexes were absentfor progressively longer durations with increasing age. Significant decreases in cardiacand respiratory frequency and, blood oxygen saturation occurred for the 6- and12-month-old animals. Respiratory frequency and blood oxygen saturation returned to normalat the end of the anesthesia; however, the significant decrease in cardiac frequencypersisted in the 6- and 12-month-old animals. Rectal temperature was decreasedsignificantly only in the 3-month-old animals. Pulmonary edema and effusion occurred in50% of the 12-month-old animals. In conclusion, if ketamine-xylazine are used foranesthesia, the doses should be optimized for the age of the subjects prior to initiationof the research project.     

不同麻醉方式对老年冠心病患者围术期血流动力学及ECG的影响

目的：探讨对择期腹部手术的老年冠心病患者心脏血流动力学及心脏电活动影响较小的麻醉方式。方法：133例择期腹腔手术的老年冠心病患者随机分为硬膜外麻醉组（EA）,全麻组（GA）和腰-硬联合麻醉组（CSEA）。术中连续监测,分时段记录平均动脉压（MAP）、心率（HR）、血氧饱和度（SaO2）及异常心电图,比较3组组间及组内差异。结果：麻醉后15 min和麻醉后30 min,GA组的SaO2明显高于EA组（P〈0.05）。麻醉后15min、30 min和60 min CSEA组MAP值比EA组明显升高（P〈0.05）;麻醉后30 min,CSEA组的HR比EA组明显升高（P〈0.05）;麻醉后15 min和30 min,CSEA组的SaO2比EA组明显升高（P〈0.05）。组内比较,EA组麻醉后15min、30 min、60 min,MAP、HR、SaO2三个指标均比麻醉前明显降低（P〈0.05）,GA组和CSEA组前后比较差异不明显（P〉0.05）。异常ECG,组间比较,GA组和CSEA组ST-T改变发生率在麻醉后15 min、30 min、60 min、术毕时均明显低于EA组（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）,GA组和CSEA组心律失常发生率在麻醉后15 min、30 min、60 min均明显低于EA组（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）;组内比较,GA组和CSEA组的ST-T改变和心律失常发生率在麻醉后15 min、30min、60 min、术毕时均明显低于麻醉前（P〈0.05,P〈0.01）。结论：老年冠心病患者腹腔手术时全麻和腰-硬联合麻醉术中血流动力学较稳定,心电异常发生率较小。