共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
F. Taguchi-Shiobara S. Y. Lin K. Tanno T. Komatsuda M. Yano T. Sasaki S. Oka 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,95(5-6):828-833
Quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling the regeneration ability of rice seed callus were detected using 245 RFLP markers
and 98 BC1F5 lines derived from two varieties, ‘Nipponbare’ and ‘Kasalath’. Regeneration ability was evaluated by two indices: average
number of regenerated shoots per callus (NRS) and regeneration rate (RR). The BC1F5 lines showed continuous segregation for both indices. Five putative QTL for NRS (tentatively named qRg1, qRg2, qRg4a, qRg4b and qRg4c) located on chromosomes 1, 2 and 4 were detected. Digenic interaction among these detected QTL was not significant (P<0.01). Among the five QTL detected, four ‘Kasalath’ alleles and one ‘Nipponbare’ allele increased NRS. According to an estimate
based on the nearest marker loci, the five QTL accounted for 38.5% of the total phenotypic variation of the BC1F5 lines. For RR, four putative QTL were detected on chromosomes 2 and 4, and all of these were in the same chromosomal regions
as the NRS QTL. The four RR QTL accounted for 32.6% of the total phenotypic variation.
Received: 7 November 1996 / Accepted: 25 April 1997 相似文献
2.
M. Mohan P. V. Sathyanarayanan A. Kumar M. N. Srivastava S. Nair 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,95(5-6):777-782
A PCR-based marker (E20570) linked to the gene Gm4t, which confers resistance to a dipteran pest gall midge (Orseolia oryzae), has been mapped using the restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) technique in rice. Gm4t is a dominant resistance gene. We initially failed to detect useful polymorphism for this marker in a F3 mapping population derived from a cross between two indica parents, ‘Abhaya’בShyamala’, with as many as 35 restriction enzymes. ‘Abhaya’ carries the resistance gene Gm4t and ‘Shyamala’ is susceptible to gall midge. Subsequently, E20570 was mapped using another mapping population represented by a F2 progeny from a cross between ‘Nipponbare’, a japonica variety, and ‘Kasalath’, an indica variety, in which the gene Gm4t was not known to be present. Gm4t mapped onto chromosome 8 between markers R1813 and S1633B. Our method, thus, presents an alternative way of mapping genes
which otherwise would be difficult to map because of a lack of polymorphism between closely related parents differing in desired
agronomic traits.
Received: 1 April 1997 / Accepted: 13 May 1997 相似文献
3.
Fine mapping of quantitative trait loci Hd-1, Hd-2 and Hd-3, controlling heading date of rice, as single Mendelian factors 总被引:32,自引:0,他引:32
T. Yamamoto Y. Kuboki S. Y. Lin T. Sasaki M. Yano 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,97(1-2):37-44
Fine mapping was carried out on three putative QTLs (tentatively designated as Hd-1 to Hd-3) of five such QTLs controlling heading date in rice that had been earlier identified using an F2 population derived from a cross between a japonica variety, ‘Nipponbare’, and an indica variety, ‘Kasalath’, using progeny backcrossed with ‘Nipponbare’ as the recurrent parent. One BC3F2 and two BC3F1 plants, in which the target QTL regions were heterozygous and most other chromosomal regions were homozygous for the ‘Nipponbare’
allele, were selected as the experimental material. Self-pollinated progeny (BC3F2 and BC3F3) of the BC3F1 or BC3F2 showed continuous variation in days to heading. By means of progeny testing based on BC3F3 or BC3F4 lines, we determined the genotypes of each BC3F2 or BC3F3 individual at target QTLs. Their segregation patterns fitted Mendelian inheritance ratios. When the results obtained by RFLP
analysis and progeny tests were combined, Hd-1, Hd-2 and Hd-3 were mapped precisely on chromosomes 6, 7 and 6, respectively, of a rice RFLP linkage map. The results demonstrated that
QTLs can be treated as Mendelian factors. Moreover, these precise locations were in good agreement with the regions estimated
by QTL analysis of the initial F2 population, demonstrating the high reliability of QTL mapping using a high-density linkage map.
Received: 5 November 1997 / Accepted: 10 February 1998 相似文献
4.
Sybil A. Herrera-Foessel Evans S. Lagudah Julio Huerta-Espino Matthew J. Hayden Harbans S. Bariana Davinder Singh Ravi P. Singh 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2011,122(1):239-249
The common wheat genotype ‘RL6077’ was believed to carry the gene Lr34/Yr18 that confers slow-rusting adult plant resistance (APR) to leaf rust and stripe rust but located to a different chromosome
through inter-chromosomal reciprocal translocation. However, haplotyping using the cloned Lr34/Yr18 diagnostic marker and the complete sequencing of the gene indicated Lr34/Yr18 is absent in RL6077. We crossed RL6077 with the susceptible parent ‘Avocet’ and developed F3, F4 and F6 populations from photoperiod-insensitive F3 lines that were segregating for resistance to leaf rust and stripe rust. The populations were characterized for leaf rust
resistance at two Mexican sites, Cd. Obregon during the 2008–2009 and 2009–2010 crop seasons, and El Batan during 2009, and
for stripe rust resistance at Toluca, a third Mexican site, during 2009. The F3 population was also evaluated for stripe rust resistance at Cobbitty, Australia, during 2009. Most lines had correlated responses
to leaf rust and stripe rust, indicating that either the same gene, or closely linked genes, confers resistance to both diseases.
Molecular mapping using microsatellites led to the identification of five markers (Xgwm165, Xgwm192, Xcfd71, Xbarc98 and Xcfd23) on chromosome 4DL that are associated with this gene(s), with the closest markers being located at 0.4 cM. In a parallel
study in Canada using a Thatcher × RL6077 F3 population, the same leaf rust resistance gene was designated as Lr67 and mapped to the same chromosomal region. The pleiotropic, or closely linked, gene derived from RL6077 that conferred stripe
rust resistance in this study was designated as Yr46. The slow-rusting gene(s) Lr67/Yr46 can be utilized in combination with other slow-rusting genes to develop high levels of durable APR to leaf rust and stripe
rust in wheat. 相似文献
5.
Lin F Chen XM 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2007,114(7):1277-1287
Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most widespread and destructive wheat diseases worldwide. Growing resistant cultivars is the preferred control
of the disease. The spring wheat cultivar ‘Alpowa’ has both race-specific, all-stage resistance and non-race-specific, high-temperature
adult-plant (HTAP) resistances to stripe rust. To identify genes for the stripe rust resistances, Alpowa was crossed with
‘Avocet Susceptible’ (AVS). Seedlings of the parents, and F1, F2 and F3 progeny were tested with races PST-1 and PST-21 of P. striiformis f. sp. tritici under controlled greenhouse conditions. Alpowa has a single partially dominant gene, designated as YrAlp, conferring all-stage resistance. Resistance gene analog polymorphism (RGAP) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) techniques
were used to identify molecular markers linked to YrAlp. A linkage group of five RGAP markers and two SSR markers was constructed for YrAlp using 136 F3 lines. Amplification of a set of nulli-tetrasomic Chinese Spring lines with RGAP markers Xwgp47 and Xwgp48 and the two SSR markers indicated that YrAlp is located on the short arm of chromosome 1B. To map quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for the non-race-specific HTAP resistance,
the parents and 136 F3 lines were tested at two sites near Pullman and one site near Mount Vernon, Washington, under naturally infected conditions.
A major HTAP QTL was consistently detected across environments and was located on chromosome 7BL. Because of its chromosomal
location and the non-race-specific nature of the HTAP resistance, this gene is different from previously described genes for
adult-plant resistance, and is therefore designated Yr39. The gene contributed to 64.2% of the total variation of relative area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) data and 59.1%
of the total variation of infection type data recorded at the heading-flowering stages. Two RGAP markers, Xwgp36 and Xwgp45 with the highest R
2 values were closely linked to Yr39, should be useful for incorporation of the non-race-specific resistance gene into new cultivars and for combining Yr39 with other genes for durable and high-level resistance. 相似文献
6.
Identification of molecular markers linked to quantitative trait loci for soybean resistance to corn earworm 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
B. G. Rector J. N. All W. A. Parrott H. R. Boerma 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,96(6-7):786-790
One hundred and thirty nine restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) were used to construct a soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) genetic linkage map and to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with resistance to corn earworm (Helicoverpa zea Boddie) in a population of 103 F2-derived lines from a cross of ‘Cobb’ (susceptible) and PI229358 (resistant). The genetic linkage map consisted of 128 markers
which converged onto 30 linkage groups covering approximately 1325 cM. There were 11 unlinked markers. The F2-derived lines and the two parents were grown in the field under a plastic mesh cage near Athens, Ga., in 1995. The plants
were artificially infested with corn earworm and evaluated for the amount of defoliation. Using interval-mapping analysis
for linked markers and single-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA), markers were tested for an association with resistance.
One major and two minor QTLs for resistance were identified in this population. The PI229358 allele contributed insect resistance
at all three QTLs. The major QTL is linked to the RFLP marker A584 on linkage group (LG) ‘M’ of the USDA/Iowa State University
public soybean genetic map. It accounts for 37% of the total variation for resistance in this cross. The minor QTLs are linked
to the RFLP markers R249 (LG ‘H’) and Bng047 (LG ‘D1’). These markers explain 16% and 10% of variation, respectively. The
heritability (h2) for resistance was estimated as 64% in this population.
Received: 15 October 1997 / Accepted: 4 November 1997 相似文献
7.
Molecular mapping of the blast resistance gene, Pi44(t), in a line derived from a durably resistant rice cultivar 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
D.-H. Chen M. dela Viña T. Inukai D. J. Mackill P. C. Ronald R. J. Nelson 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1999,98(6-7):1046-1053
A recombinant inbred line derived from a cross between CO39 and ‘Moroberekan’, RIL276, was found to be resistant to lineage
44 isolates of Pyricularia grisea in the Philippines. One hundred F2 individuals were obtained from a backcross of RIL276 and CO39. Phenotypic analysis showed that RIL276 carries a single locus,
tentatively named Pi44(t), conferring complete resistance to lineage 44 isolates of P. grisea. RFLP probes, STS primers and AFLP markers were applied to identify DNA markers linked to Pi44(t). Neither RFLP nor STS-PCR analysis gave rise to DNA markers linked to the locus. Using bulk segregant AFLP analysis, however,
two dominant AFLP markers (AF348 and AF349) linked to Pi44(t) were identified. AF349 and AF348 were located at 3.3±1.5 cM and 11±3.5 cM from Pi44(t), respectively. These markers were mapped on chromosome 11 using an F2 population derived from a cross between ‘Labelle’ and ‘Black Gora’. The location of AF348 on chromosome 11 was confirmed using another F2 mapping population derived from IR40931-26-3-3-5/ PI543851. DNA products at the loci linked to Pi44(t) were amplified from RIL276, ‘Labelle’ and PI543851 using the same primer pairs used to amplify AF349 and AF348. Sequence analysis of these bands showed 100% identity between lines. This result indicates that these AFLP markers could
be used for the comparison of maps or assignment of linkage groups to chromosomes.
Received: 12 May 1998 / Accepted: 13 November 1998 相似文献
8.
Mitsuhiro Obara Wataru Tamura Takeshi Ebitani Masahiro Yano Tadashi Sato Tomoyuki Yamaya 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2010,121(3):535-547
Root system development is an important target for improving yield in cereal crops. Active root systems that can take up nutrients
more efficiently are essential for enhancing grain yield. In this study, we attempted to identify quantitative trait loci
(QTL) involved in root system development by measuring root length of rice seedlings grown in hydroponic culture. Reliable
growth conditions for estimating the root length were first established to renew nutrient solutions daily and supply NH4
+ as a single nitrogen source. Thirty-eight chromosome segment substitution lines derived from a cross between ‘Koshihikari’,
a japonica variety, and ‘Kasalath’, an indica variety, were used to detect QTL for seminal root length of seedlings grown in 5 or 500 μM NH4
+. Eight chromosomal regions were found to be involved in root elongation. Among them, the most effective QTL was detected
on a ‘Kasalath’ segment of SL-218, which was localized to the long-arm of chromosome 6. The ‘Kasalath’ allele at this QTL,
qRL6.1, greatly promoted root elongation under all NH4
+ concentrations tested. The genetic effect of this QTL was confirmed by analysis of the near-isogenic line (NIL) qRL6.1. The seminal root length of the NIL was 13.5–21.1% longer than that of ‘Koshihikari’ under different NH4
+ concentrations. Toward our goal of applying qRL6.1 in a molecular breeding program to enhance rice yield, a candidate genomic region of qRL6.1 was delimited within a 337 kb region in the ‘Nipponbare’ genome by means of progeny testing of F2 plants/F3 lines derived from a cross between SL-218 and ‘Koshihikari’. 相似文献
9.
Molecular mapping of genes for race-specific overall resistance to stripe rust in wheat cultivar Express 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Lin F Chen XM 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2008,116(6):797-806
‘Express’, a hard red spring wheat cultivar that has been widely grown in the western United States, is used to differentiate
races of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, the causal fungal pathogen of wheat stripe rust. To identify genes conferring race-specific, overall resistance to stripe
rust, Express was crossed with ‘Avocet S’. The parents and F1, F2, F3 and F5 populations were tested with races PST-1, PST-21, PST-43, and PST-45 of P. striiformis f. sp. tritici in the seedling stage under controlled greenhouse conditions. Two dominant genes for resistance to stripe rust were identified,
one conferring resistance to PST-1 and PST-21, and the other conferring resistance to all four races. Linkage groups were
constructed for the resistance genes using 146 F5 lines to establish resistance gene analog and chromosome-specific simple sequence repeat marker polymorphisms. The gene for
resistance to races PST-1 and PST-21 was mapped on the long arm of chromosome 1B, and that conferring resistance to all four
races was mapped on the long arm of chromosome 5B. We temporarily designate the gene on 1BL as YrExp1 and the gene on 5BL as YrExp2. Polymorphism of at least one of the two markers flanking YrExp2 was detected in 91% of the 44 tested wheat genotypes, suggesting that they would be useful in marker-assisted selection for
combining the gene with other resistance genes into many other wheat cultivars. Knowledge of these genes will be useful to
understand recent virulence changes in the pathogen populations. 相似文献
10.
Prashant G. Golegaonkar Haydar Karaoglu Robert F. Park 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2009,119(7):1281-1288
An incompletely dominant gene conferring resistance to Puccinia hordei, Rph14, identified previously in an accession of Hordeum vulgare, confers resistance to all known pathotypes of P. hordei in Australia. Knowledge of the chromosomal location of Rph14 and the identification of DNA markers closely linked to it will facilitate combining it with other important leaf rust resistance
genes to achieve long lasting resistance. The inheritance of Rph14 was confirmed using 146 and 106 F3 lines derived from the crosses ‘Baudin’/‘PI 584760’ (Rph14) and ‘Ricardo’/‘PI 584760’ (Rph14), respectively. Bulk segregant analysis on DNA from the parental genotypes and resistant and susceptible DNA bulks using
DArT markers located Rph14 to the short arm of chromosome 2H. DArT marker bPb-1664 was identified as having the closest genetic association with Rph14. PCR based marker analysis identified a single SSR marker, Bmag692, linked closely to Rph14 at a map distance of 2.1 and 3.8 cm in the ‘Baudin’/‘PI 584760’and ‘Ricardo’/‘PI 584760’ populations, respectively. 相似文献
11.
Identification of a YAC clone carrying the Xa-1 allele, a bacterial blight resistance gene in rice 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
S. Yoshimura Y. Umehara N. Kurata Y. Nagamura T. Sasaki Y. Minobe N. Iwata 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1996,93(1-2):117-122
Map-based cloning methods have been applied for isolation of Xa-1, one of the bacterial blight resistance genes in rice.Xa-1 was previously mapped on chromosome 4 using molecular markers. For positional cloning of Xa-1, a high-resolution genetic map was made for theXa-1 region using an F2 population of 402 plants and additional molecular markers. Three restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers, XNpb235, XNpb264 and C600 were found to be linked tightly to Xa-1, with no recombinants, and U08
750
was mapped 1.5 cM from Xa-1. The screening of a yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) library using theseXa-1-linked RFLP markers resulted in the identification of ten contiguous YAC clones. Among these, one YAC clone, designated Y5212, with an insert of 340 kb, hybridized with all three tightly linked markers. This YAC was confirmed to possess the Xa-1 allele by mapping the Xa-1 gene between both end clones of this YAC (Y5212R and Y5212L). 相似文献
12.
Accumulation of additive effects generates a strong photoperiod sensitivity in the extremely late-heading rice cultivar ‘Nona Bokra’ 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Uga Y Nonoue Y Liang ZW Lin HX Yamamoto S Yamanouchi U Yano M 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2007,114(8):1457-1466
Many rice cultivars that originated from lower-latitude regions exhibit a strong photoperiod sensitivity (PS) and show extremely
late heading under long-day conditions. Under natural day-length conditions during the cropping season in Japan, the indica rice cultivar ‘Nona Bokra’ from India showed extremely late heading (202 days to heading) compared to the japonica cultivar ‘Koshihikari’ (105 days), from Japan. To elucidate the genetic factors associated with such extremely late heading,
we performed quantitative trait locus (QTL) analyses of heading date using an F2 population and seven advanced backcross progeny (one BC1F2 and six BC2F2) derived from a cross between ‘Nona Bokra’ and ‘Koshihikari’. The analyses revealed 12 QTLs on seven chromosomes. The ‘Nona
Bokra’ alleles of all QTLs contributed to an increase in heading date. Digenic interactions were rarely observed between QTLs.
Based on the genetic parameters of the QTLs, such as additive effects and percentage of phenotypic variance explained, these
12 QTLs are likely generate a large proportion of the phenotypic variation observed in the heading dates between ‘Nona Bokra’
and ‘Koshihikari’. Comparison of chromosomal locations between heading date QTLs detected in this study and QTLs previously
identified in ‘Nipponbare’ × ‘Kasalath’ populations revealed that eight of the heading date QTLs were recognized nearby the
Hd1, Hd2, Hd3a, Hd4, Hd5, Hd6, Hd9, and Hd13. These results suggest that the strong PS in ‘Nona Bokra’ was generated mainly by the accumulation of additive effects of
particular alleles at previously identified QTLs. 相似文献
13.
Genome scanning for resistance-gene analogs in rice, barley, and wheat by high-resolution electrophoresis 总被引:31,自引:8,他引:23
X. M. Chen R. F. Line H. Leung 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,97(3):345-355
Genes cloned from diverse plants for resistance to different pathogens have sequence similarities in domains presumably involved
in pathogen recognition and signal transduction in triggering the defense response. Primers based on the conserved regions
of resistance genes often amplify multiple fragments that may not be separable in an agarose gel. We used denaturing polyacrylamide-gel
electrophoresis to detect PCR products of plant genomic DNA amplified with primers based on conserved regions of resistance
genes. Depending upon the primer pairs used, 30–130 bands were detected in wheat, rice, and barley. As high as 47%, 40%, and
27% of the polymorphic bands were detected in rice, barley, and wheat, respectively, and as high as 12.5% of the polymorphic
bands were detected by certain primers in progeny from a cross of the wheat cultivars ‘Stephens’ and ‘Michigan Amber’. Using
F6 recombinant inbred lines from the ‘Stephens’בMichigan Amber’ cross, we demonstrated that polymorphic bands amplified with
primers based on leucine-rich repeats, nucleotide-binding sites and protein kinase genes, were inherited as single loci. Linkages
between molecular markers and stripe rust resistance genes were detected. This technique provides a new way to develop molecular
markers for assessing the genetic diversity of germplasm based upon potential candidate resistance genes in diverse species.
Received : 5 September 1997 / Accepted : 6 November 1997 相似文献
14.
Haydn Kuchel Rebecca Fox Jason Reinheimer Lee Mosionek Nicholas Willey Harbans Bariana Stephen Jefferies 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2007,20(4):295-308
A number of useful marker-trait associations have been reported for wheat. However the number of publications detailing the
integrated and pragmatic use of molecular markers in wheat breeding is limited. A previous report by some of these authors
showed how marker-assisted selection could increase the genetic gain and economic efficiency of a specific breeding strategy.
Here, we present a practical validation of that study. The target of this breeding strategy was to produce wheat lines derived
from an elite Australian cultivar ‘Stylet’, with superior dough properties and durable rust resistance donated from ‘Annuello’.
Molecular markers were used to screen a BC1F1 population produced from a cross between the recurrent parent ‘Stylet’ and the donor parent ‘Annuello’ for the presence of
rust resistance genes Lr34/Yr18 and Lr46/Yr29. Following this, marker-assisted selection was applied to haploid plants, prior to chromosome doubling with cochicine, for
the rust resistance genes Lr24/Sr24, Lr34/Yr18, height reducing genes, and for the grain protein genes Glu-D1 and Glu-A3. In general, results from this study agreed with those of the simulation study. Genetic improvement for rust resistance was
greatest when marker selection was applied on BC1F1 individuals. Introgression of both the Lr34/Yr18 and Lr46/Yr29 loci into the susceptible recurrent parent background resulted in substantial improvement in leaf rust and stripe rust resistance
levels. Selection for favourable glutenin alleles significantly improved dough resistance and dough extensibility. Marker-assisted
selection for improved grain yield, through the selection of recurrent parent genome using anonymous markers, only marginally
improved grain yield at one of the five sites used for grain yield assessment. In summary, the integration of marker-assisted
selection for specific target genes, particularly at the early stages of a breeding programme, is likely to substantially
increase genetic improvement in wheat. 相似文献
15.
Q. Li X. M. Chen M. N. Wang J. X. Jing 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2011,122(1):189-197
Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat worldwide. Growing resistant cultivars is the most effective approach to
control the disease, but only a few genes confer effective all-stage resistance against the current populations of the pathogen
worldwide. It is urgent to identify new genes for diversifying sources of resistance genes and for pyramiding genes for different
types of resistance in order to achieve high levels of durable resistance for sustainable control of stripe rust. The common
spring wheat genotype ‘PI 181434’, originally from Afghanistan, was resistant in all greenhouse and field tests in our previous
studies. To identify the resistance gene(s) PI 181434 was crossed with susceptible genotype ‘Avocet Susceptible’. Adult plants
of 103 F2 progeny were tested in the field under the natural infection of P. striiformis f. sp. tritici. Seedlings of the parents, F2 and F3 were tested with races PST-100 and PST-127 of the pathogen under controlled greenhouse conditions. The genetic study showed
that PI 181434 has a single dominant gene conferring all-stage resistance. Resistance gene analog polymorphism (RGAP) and
simple sequence repeat (SSR) techniques were used to identify molecular markers linked to the gene. A linkage map of 8 RGAP
and 2 SSR markers was constructed for the gene using data from the 103 F2 plants and their derived F3 lines tested in the greenhouse. Amplification of the complete set of nulli-tetrasomic lines and selected ditelosomic lines
of Chinese Spring with an RGAP marker and the two SSR markers mapped the gene on the long arm of chromosome 3D. Because it
is the first gene for stripe rust resistance mapped on chromosome 3DL and different from all previously named Yr genes, the gene in PI 181434 was designated Yr45. Polymorphism rates of the two closest flanking markers, Xwgp115 and Xwgp118, in 45 wheat genotypes were 73.3 and 82.2%, respectively. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in the eight
wheat genotypes sharing both flanking markers. The RGAP markers and potential SNP markers should be useful in incorporating
the gene into wheat cultivars and in pyramiding it with other genes for durable resistance. 相似文献
16.
V. R. Bommineni P. P. Jauhar T. S. Peterson R. N. Chibbar A. B. Almouslem 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,95(5-6):757-763
The objective of this study was to detect the presence of alien chromatin in intergeneric hybrids of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum, 2n=4x=28; AABB genomes) with the perennial grass Thinopyrum junceiforme (2n=4x=28; J1J1J2J2) using RAPD markers. The first step was to identify amplification of species-specific DNA markers in the parental grass species
and durum wheat cultivars. Initially, the genomic DNA of five grass species (Thinopyrum junceiforme, Th. bessarabicum, Lophopyrum elongatum, Leymus karataviensis and Elytrigia pycnantha) and selected durum cultivars (‘Langdon’, ‘Durox’, ‘Lloyd’, ‘Monroe’, and ‘Medora’) was screened with 40 oligonucleotide
primers (nano-mers). Three oligonucleotides that amplified DNA fragments specific to a grass species or to a durum cultivar
were identified. Primer PR21 amplified DNA fragments specific to each of the five durum cultivars, and primers PR22 and PR23
amplified fragments specific to each of the grass species. Intergeneric hybrids between the durum cultivars ‘Langdon’, ‘Lloyd’
and ‘Durox’ and Th. junceiforme, and their backcross (BC) progeny were screened with all 40 primers. Six primers amplified parent-specific DNA fragments
in the F1 hybrids and their BC1 progeny. Three primers, PR22, PR23 and PR41, that amplified Th. junceiforme DNA fragments in both F1 and BC1 were further analyzed. The presence of an amplified 1.7-kb Th. junceiforme DNA fragment in the F1 hybrids and BC1 progeny was confirmed using Southern analysis by hybridization with both Th. junceiforme genomic DNA and Th. junceiforme DNA amplified with primer PR41. With the exception of line BC1F2 no. 5, five selfed progeny of BC1 and a BC2 of line 3 (BC1F2 no. 3בLloyd’) from a cross of ‘Lloyd’×Th. junceiforme showed the presence of the 1.7-kb DNA fragment. All selfed BC1 and BC2 lines retained the 600-bp fragment that was confirmed after hybridization with Th. junceiforme DNA amplified with primer PR22. Other experiments using RFLP markers also showed the presence of up to seven Th. junceiforme DNA fragments in the F1 hybrids and their BC progeny after hybridization with Th. junceiforme DNA amplified with primer PR41. These studies show the usefulness of molecular markers in detecting alien chromatin/DNA fragments
in intergeneric hybrids with durum wheat.
Received: 21 November 1996 / Accepted: 21 March 1997 相似文献
17.
A genome-wide analysis of wide compatibility in rice and the precise location of the S5 locus in the molecular map 总被引:24,自引:0,他引:24
K. D. Liu J. Wang H. B. Li C. G. Xu A. M. Liu X. H. Li Q. Zhang 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,95(5-6):809-814
The discovery of wide-compatibility varieties (WCVs) that are able to produce normal fertility hybrids when crossed both
to indica and japonica rice has enabled the fertility barrier between indica and japonica subspecies to be broken and provided
the possibility of developing inter-subspecific hybrids in rice breeding programs. However, a considerable variation in the
fertility level of hybrids from the same WCV crossed to different varieties has often been observed. One hypothesis for this
variable fertility is that additional genes are involved in hybrid fertility besides the wide-compatibility gene (WCG). To
assess such a possibility, we performed a genome-wide analysis by assaying a large population from a three-way cross ‘02428’/‘Nanjing
11’//‘Balilla’ using a total of 171 RFLP probes detecting 191 polymorphic loci distributed throughout the entire rice linkage
map. Our analysis recovered 3 loci conferring significant effects on hybrid fertility. The major locus on chromosome 6 coincided
in chromosomal location with the previously identified S
5
locus, and the 2 minor loci that mapped to chromosomes 2 and 12, respectively, were apparently distinct from all previously
reported hybrid sterility genes. Interaction between the indica and japonica alleles at each of the loci caused a reduction
in hybrid fertility. The joint effect of the 2 minor loci could lead to partial sterility even in the presence of the WCG.
The location of the S
5
locus on the molecular marker linkage map was determined to be approximately 1.0 cM from the RFLP locus R2349. This tight
linkage will be useful for marker-aided transfer of the WCG in hybrid rice breeding and for map-based cloning.
Received: 5 February 1997 / Accepted: 4 April 1997 相似文献
18.
Costanzo S Jackson AK Brooks SA 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2011,123(1):33-41
Rhizoctonia solani is a necrotrophic fungal pathogen that causes disease on many crop-plant species. Anastomosis group 1-IA is the causal agent
of sheath blight of rice (Oryza sativa L.), one of the most important rice diseases worldwide. R. solani AG1-IA produces a necrosis-inducing phytotoxin and rice cultivar’s sensitivity to the toxin correlates with disease susceptibility.
Unlike genetic analyses of sheath blight resistance where resistance loci have been reported as quantitative trait loci, phytotoxin
sensitivity is inherited as a Mendelian trait that permits high-resolution mapping of the sensitivity genes. An F2 mapping population derived from parent cultivars ‘Cypress’ (toxin sensitive) and ‘Jasmine 85’ (toxin insensitive) was used
to map Rsn1, the necrosis-inducing locus. Initial mapping based on 176 F2 progeny and 69 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers located Rsn1 on the long arm of chromosome 7, with tight linkage to SSR marker RM418. A high-resolution genetic map of the region was
subsequently developed using a total of 1,043 F2 progeny, and Rsn1 was mapped to a 0.7 cM interval flanked by markers NM590 and RM418. Analysis of the corresponding 29 Kb genomic sequences
from reference cultivars ‘Nipponbare’ and ‘93-11’ revealed the presence of four putative genes within the interval. Two are
expressed cytokinin-O-glucosyltransferases, which fit an apoptotic pathway model of toxin activity, and are individually being investigated further
as potential candidates for Rsn1. 相似文献
19.
Genetic variability and structure of natural and domesticated populations of Caribbean pine (Pinus caribaea Morelet) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Y.-Q. Zheng R. A. Ennos 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1999,98(5):765-771
Isozyme analysis of seed samples derived from natural and managed populations of the tropical pine Pinus caribaea vars ‘bahamensis’ and ‘caribaea’ was used to assess population genetic structure in its native range and to detect changes
occurring during early domestication of the species. Baseline data from natural populations of the two varieties showed that
populations sampled as seed are characterized by high gene diversity (mean He=0.26) and a low level of inbreeding ( mean Fis=0.15). A UPGMA tree of genetic relatedness among populations indicates that the two varieties represent distinct evolutionary
units. Within each variety there is significant differentiation among populations, and this is greater for the more fragmented
populations of var ‘bahamensis’ (Fst=0.08) than for var ‘caribaea’ (Fst=0.02). Seed from a seed orchard population of var ‘caribaea’ established within its natural range showed no change in genetic
diversity but did show a reduced inbreeding coefficient (Fis=0.09) compared with its progenitor populations, suggesting a decrease in selfing and/or biparental inbreeding. A bulked seed
sample from an exotic plantation of var ‘bahamensis’ in Australia displayed a large increase in the inbreeding coefficient
(Fis=0.324) compared with that found in natural populations, possibly due to elevated self-fertilization. Finally, a bulked seed
sample from an exotic plantation population of var ‘caribaea’ from China showed enhanced genetic diversity, an increase in
the inbreeding coefficient and more linkage disequilibrium than its presumed progenitor populations. It was also genetically
divergent from them. RFLP analysis of chloroplast DNA variation in the Chinese sample suggested that seeds of the related
taxa P. elliottii and P. taeda, or seeds derived from hybridization with these taxa growing in the seed production area, had been included in the seed crop
during harvesting. We conclude that monitoring of appropriate genetic markers may be an effective means of identifying potentially
deleterious genetic changes occurring during forest tree domestication.
Received: 10 August 1998 / Accepted: 8 September 1998 相似文献
20.
Yusaku Uga Kazutoshi Okuno Masahiro Yano 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》2010,26(3):533-538
The stele (root vascular cylinder) in plants plays an important role in the transport of water and nutrients from the root
to the shoot. A quantitative trait locus (QTL) on rice chromosome 9 that controls stele transversal area (STA) was previously
detected in an F3 mapping population derived from a cross between the lowland cultivar ‘IR64’, with a small STA, and the upland cultivar ‘Kinandang
Patong’, with a large STA. To identify the gene(s) underlying this QTL, we undertook fine mapping of the locus. We screened
eight plants from BC2F3 lines in which recombination occurred near the QTL. Progeny testing of BC2F4 plants was used to determine the genotype classes for the QTL in each BC2F3 line. Accordingly, the STA QTL Sta1 (Stele Transversal Area 1) was mapped between the InDel markers ID07_12 and ID07_14. A candidate genomic region for Sta1 was defined more precisely between markers RM566 and RM24334, which delimit a 359-kb interval in the reference cultivar ‘Nipponbare’.
A line homozygous for the ‘Kinandang Patong’ allele of Sta1 had an STA approximately 28.4% larger than that of ‘IR64’. However, Sta1 did not influence maximum or total root length, suggesting that this QTL specifically controls STA. 相似文献