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1.
Genetic variability among 122 Rhynchosporium secalis isolates collected from barley in three regions of Tunisia was investigated using host differentials, amplified fragment
length polymorphism (AFLP), and microsatellite markers. The isolates were collected from a widely grown scald-susceptible
barley cultivar Rihane and a range of local landrace cultivars in geographically distinct regions with different agroclimatic
conditions. Pathotypic diversity (the proportion of unique pathotypes) was high in R. secalis populations from the high (100% diversity), moderate (95%), and low (100%) rainfall areas of Tunisia, and from both Rihane
(which is the sole variety grown in the high rainfall region) and local landraces (which predominate in the low rainfall area).
This may reflect a general adaptability for aggressiveness and suggests that the widely grown cultivar Rihane has exerted
little or no selection pressure on the pathogen population since its release in 1983. Genotypic diversity (GD), defined as
the probability that two individuals taken at random had different genotypes, was high for populations from Rihane, local
landraces, and different agro-ecological zones (GD = 0.96–0.99). There was low genetic differentiation among pathogen populations
from different host populations (G
ST ≤ 0.08, θ ≤ 0.12) and agro-ecological zones (G
ST ≤ 0.05, θ ≤ 0.04), which may be partly explained by gene flow due to the movement of infected stubble around the country.
There was no correlation (r = 0.06, P = 0.39) between virulence phenotype and AFLP haplotype. A phenetic tree revealed groups with low bootstrap values that did
not reflect the grouping of isolates based on host, pathotype, or agro-ecological region. The implications of these findings
for R. secalis evolutionary potential and scald-resistance breeding in Tunisia are discussed. 相似文献
2.
The effect of fungal infection on the reproductive potential of two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, was evaluated as part of the full biocontrol potential of three entomopathogenic fungi by modeling of fecundity probability.
Female mites (≤2-day-old) on leaves were exposed to the sprays of Beauveria bassiana, Paecilomyces fumosoroseus and Metarhizium anisopliae at the concentrations of 1.13 × 103, 1.55 × 103 and 0.95 × 103 deposited conidia mm−2 and then individually reared at 25°C and 12:12 L:D for oviposition. Mite mortalities 10 days after spraying were 73.1, 75.4
and 67.9% in the fungal treatments versus 15.5% in control. On average, females infected by the three fungal species survived
5.8, 6.2 and 6.3 days, and laid 3.1, 4.0 and 4.0 eggs per capita, respectively. These were 3–4 fold lower than the control
fecundity at 12.3. The cumulative probabilities [P(m ≤ N)] for the counts of infected and non-infected (control) females laying m eggs per capita (m ≤ N) during 10 days fit very well the equation P(m ≤ N) = 1/[1 + exp(a + bm)] (r
2 ≥ 0.98), yielding a solution to the probability for the female mites to achieve a specific fecundity {P(m ≤ N)−P[m ≤ (N − 1)]}. Consequently, the infected mites had 71–78% chance to lay ≤5 eggs per capita but only 5–8% to deposit >10 eggs despite
some variation among the tested fungi. In contrast, the chances for the non-infected mites to achieve the low and high fecundities
were 23 and 55%. The fitted probabilities provide a full coverage of the fecundity potential of infected versus non-infected
mites and are more informative than the mean fecundities. 相似文献
3.
J. Z. Wang M. Zhang F. Z. Ren B. Z. Han L. Wang S. W. Chen A. Humera 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2007,23(10):1393-1399
A solid-state fermentation (SSF) of a mixture of porcine blood and wheat bran with a ratio of 8:1 by Aspergillus oryzae was investigated. Water content, pH, crude protein, heme and total iron, free amino acids (FAA) and total fatty acids (TFA)
of the fermented mixture were determined at 0, 40, 80 and 120 h, respectively, and protein hydrolysis were analyzed with SDS-PAGE
accordingly. The results showed that, during the fermentation, water contents and pH decreased significantly (P < 0.05) from 68.33% to 59.94%, 7.18% to 4.48%, respectively. Heme iron content changed slightly (P > 0.05). With the degradation of large protein molecules, free amino acids in the mixture increased from 872.83 mg l−1 to 11560.94 mg l−1 (P < 0.05). Content of free isoleucine, methionine and cystine, deficient in fresh porcine blood increased (P < 0.05) after fermentation. Percentages of saturated fatty acids such as C14:0, C17:0 and C18:0 in the total fatty acids
decreased significantly (P < 0.05), and those of polyunsaturated fatty acids C18:1, C18:2, C18:3, C20:1 and C20:2 increased significantly from 27.06%
to 47.90% (P < 0.05). The results indicated that Aspergillus oryzae could ferment porcine blood and bran mixture and change its chemical and nutrient composition. 相似文献
4.
Brent R. Campos Maxfield A. Fish Gardner Jones Rebecca W. Riley Peter J. Allen Peter A. Klimley Joseph J. CechJr John T. Kelly 《Environmental Biology of Fishes》2009,85(1):3-13
Ultrasonic telemetry was used to analyze the effects of environmental variables on movement directions and movement rates
of brown smoothhounds, Mustelus henlei, in Tomales Bay, California. Ultrasonic transmitters were surgically implanted in the peritoneal cavities of one male and
five female brown smoothhounds and tracked during the period of 29 June to 15 July 2004. Coarse-scale tracking consisted of
locating all tagged individuals multiple times during a single session, while fine-scale tracking consisted of following a
single individual continuously during a session. Coarse-scale tracking suggested movement toward the inner bay with incoming
and high tides and toward the outer bay with outgoing and low tides (P = 0.01), whereas the diel cycle had no apparent effect
on their movement directions. Mean shark movement rate was 0.09 m s−1 (range: 0.01–0.34 m s−1), with diel and tidal cycles both having significant effects on their rates of movement (P = 0.02 and P < 0.01), respectively. We tracked two female sharks on a fine scale over three tracking sessions in July 2004. Both individuals
exhibited higher rates of movement during the night compared to the day (P < 0.01). While one shark’s rate of movement was not significantly affected by tidal stage, the other’s was (P < 0.001). 相似文献
5.
Khaled M. Al-Qudah Ahmad A. Gharaibeh Maysa’a M. Al-Shyyab 《Biological trace element research》2010,136(1):40-47
The aim of this study was to determine the levels of trace minerals Zn, Cu, and Se, the effect of dermatophytosis on the level
of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) as an indicator of lipid peroxidation, the status of enzymatic and nonenzymatic
antioxidants, and the relationship between the mentioned trace minerals and antioxidant defense system in calves with dermatophytosis.
A total of 21 Holstein calves with clinically established diagnosis of dermatophytosis and an equal number of healthy ones
were included in this study. Results showed that 81% of mycotic isolates were Trichophyton verrucosum, while 19% were Trichophyton mentagrophytes. The level of Zn, Cu, Se, and glutathione (GSH) and the activity of the antioxidant enzymes, glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px),
and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) lower. The plasma level of TBARS was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher in dermatophytic calves compared to healthy controls. SOD activity was fairly correlated with serum Cu and
positively correlated with serum Zn in healthy control (r = 0.68, P ≤ 0.05; r = 0.58, P ≤ 0.05) and in calves affected with dermatophytosis (r = 0.73, P ≤ 0.05; r = 0.55, P ≤ 0.05), respectively. GSH-Px activity was highly correlated with whole blood selenium (r = 0.78, P ≤ 0.05) in healthy control and dermatophytic subjects (r = 0.76, P ≤ 0.05). Our results demonstrated that in dermatophytosis, the alteration in the antioxidant enzyme activities might be secondary
to changes in their cofactor concentrations. 相似文献
6.
The growth responses of lentil (Lens esculenta L. cv. Laird) and two wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Laura and Neepawa) to Glomus clarum NT4 in soil containing indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and fertilized with phosphorus at different (0, 5, 10,
20 ppm) levels was studied in a growth chamber. Soil was inoculated with a monospecific culture of G. clarum NT4 to provide an inoculant:indigenous AMF ratio of ca. 1 : 100. The shoot and root growth, and AMF colonization levels of
NT4-inoculated lentil were significantly (P≤0.05) greater than the appropriate control plants in the unfertilized soil at 48 days after planting (DAP). At 95 DAP, NT4
inoculation had significantly increased the shoot dry weight (P≤0.08) and AMF colonization (P≤0.05) of lentil plants receiving 5 mg P kg–1 soil, whereas 20 mg P kg–1 soil reduced the shoot growth of NT4-inoculated plants. The NT4 inoculant had no effect (P≤0.05) on shoot P content, but increased (P≤0.08) the P-use efficiency of lentil plants receiving 5 mg P kg–1 soil. In contrast to the inoculant's effect on lentil, NT4 generally had no positive effect on any of the parameters assessed
for wheat cv. Laura at any P level at 48 or 95 DAP. Similarly, there was no positive effect of NT4 on shoot or root growth,
or AMF colonization of wheat cv. Neepawa plants at any P level at 48 DAP. However, NT4 inoculation increased the grain yield
of Neepawa by 20% (P≤0.05) when fertilized with 20 mg P kg–1 soil. This yield increase was associated with a significant (P≤0.05) reduction in root biomass and a significant (P≤0.05) increase in the grain P content of inoculated plants. Thus, NT4 appears to have a preference for the Neepawa cultivar.
Our results show that lentil was more dependent on mycorrhizae than wheat and responded to an AMF inoculant even in soil containing
high levels of indigenous AMF. It might, therefore, be possible to develop mixed inoculants containing rhizobia and AMF for
field production of legumes.
Accepted: 22 February 1997 相似文献
7.
In order to assess the long-term impacts of saline groundwater irrigation to Haloxylon ammodendron, one of the main shrubs in the Tarim desert highway ecological shelterbelt, we irrigated the H. ammodendron seedlings with progressive saline groundwater (3–30 g L−1, simulation environment in the Tarim desert highway ecological shelterbelt) and investigated the diurnal variations of chlorophyll
a (Chl a) fluorescence parameters, such as maximal quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) photochemistry (Fv/Fm), quantum yield of photochemical energy conversion in PSII (YII), the apparent rate of electron transport at the PSII level (ETR), photochemical quenching coefficient (qP), non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), quantum yield of nonregulated non-photochemical energy loss in PSII (YNO) and quantum yield of regulated non-photochemical energy loss in PSII (YII), at approximately 2-h intervals. Fv/Fm with 5 g L−1 (S2) was lower than that with 2 g L−1 (S1) but a little higher than 20 g L−1 (S5), respectively. Under the low light [photosyntheticallyactive radiation (PAR) ≤ 250 μmol m−2 s−1, at 08:00, 10:00 and 20:00 h of the local time], S1 kept the lowest YII and the highest YNPQ; while under the high light (PAR ≥ 1500 μmol m−2 s−1), the YII performed S1>S2>S5, and the reverse YNPQ; under mild light (250 μmol mt-2 s−1 ≤ PAR ≤ 1500 μmol m−2 s−1), S1 remained the highest YII, no matter the light and the salinity, the similar YNO almost occurred basically. The results showed that the sand-binding plant H. ammodendron could regulate its energy-utilizing strategies. The S2 might be the most suitable salinity of the irrigation water for H. ammodendron in the Tarim desert highway ecological shelterbelt in the northwest of China. 相似文献
8.
The present study was carried out to determine the effects of different sources of selenium (Se; sodium selenite [Na2SeO3] or selenomethionine [Se-Met]) supplementation on egg production, egg quality, levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), and Se in
serum and egg yolk in heat-stressed Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). The birds (n = 360; 55 days old) were randomly assigned to 12 treatment groups consisting of six replicates of five birds each in a 2 × 2 × 3
factorial arrangement of treatments (temperatures, selenium sources, selenium levels). Birds were kept in wire cages in a
temperature-controlled room at either 22 (thermoneutral) or 34°C (heat stress) for 8 h/day (09:00–17:00; till the end of study)
and fed a basal (control) diet or the basal diet supplemented with either 0.15 or 0.30 mg of Na2SeO3 or selenomethionine/kg of diet. Heat exposure decreased live weight, feed intake, feed efficiency, egg production, and egg
quality when basal diet was fed (P < 0.0001). A linear increase in feed intake (P = 0.001) and body weight (P = 0.001), egg production (P = 0.001), and improvement in feed efficiency (P = 0.001) and egg quality (P = 0.001) were found in Se-supplemented quail reared under heat stress conditions. Serum, egg white, and egg yolk Se (P ≤ 0.001) concentrations increased linearly, whereas serum, liver, and egg yolk MDA concentrations decreased linearly (P = 0.001) as dietary Na2SeO3 or Se-Met supplementation increased. An interaction between dietary Se sources, temperature, and levels of supplementation
(P ≤ 0.05) for these parameters was detected. Supplementation with Se improved egg production, egg quality, and antioxidant
status of birds, and the effects of Se-Met were relatively greater than Na2SeO3 in heat-stressed quail. Results of the present study suggest that supplementation with Se-Met can be considered to be more
protective than Na2SeO3 by reducing the negative effects of oxidative stress induced by heat stress in quail. 相似文献
9.
Four Paraeuchaeta species and three aetideids were frequently encountered along 51°30′S in the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean. Paraeuchaeta antarctica was most abundant close to the Antarctic Polar Front. Within the genera Paraeuchaeta and Gaetanus, congeners usually partitioned the water column. Euchaetidae had high lipid (≤37% dry mass, DM in adult females) and wax
ester contents (≤22% DM). Fatty acid composition of Paraeuchaeta spp. was dominated by monounsaturated moieties, especially 16:1(n-7) and 18:1(n-9), while fatty alcohols were mainly saturated.
Surprisingly, only the bathypelagic P. barbata contained moderate amounts of 20:1(n-9) and 22:1(n-11) fatty acids (≤14%) and high levels of the respective fatty alcohols
(≤50%), generally considered trophic biomarkers for calanid copepods as prey. Thus, herbivorous calanid copepods seem to be
a readily available prey source at bathypelagic depths, indicating that their seasonal vertical migration provides a “trophic
shortcut” from primary production at the surface to the interior of the ocean. Aetideidae also contained substantial levels
of total lipid (14–36% DM), but wax esters contributed only up to 12% DM in copepodite stages C5 of Gaetanus spp., whereas other stages of Gaetanus and Aetideopsis minor only contained ≤6% DM of wax esters. The fatty acid compositions of Aetideidae were more balanced with 16:0, 18:1(n-9), 20:5(n-3),
and 22:6(n-3) as important components, indicating a generally omnivorous feeding behaviour. 相似文献
10.
Roh SW Kim KH Nam YD Chang HW Kim MS Yoon JH Oh HM Bae JW 《Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea)》2008,46(5):525-529
A novel bacterium B9T was isolated from tidal flat sediment. Its morphology, physiology, biochemical features, and 16S rRNA gene sequence were
characterized. Colonies of this strain are yellow and the cells are Gram-negative, rod-shaped, and do not require NaCl for
growth. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity indicated that strain B9T is associated with the genus Lysobacter (≤ 97.2%), Xanthomonas (≤ 96.8%), Pseudomonas (≤ 96.7%), and Luteimonas (≤ 96.0%). However, within the phylogenetic tree, this novel strain shares a branching point with the species Luteimonas composti CC-YY255T (96.0%). The DNA-DNA hybridization experiments showed a DNA-DNA homology of 23.0% between strain B9T and Luteimonas mephitis B1953/27.1T. The G+C content of genomic DNA of the type strain is 64.7 mol% (SD, 1.1). The predominant fatty acids are iso-C11:0, iso-C15:0, iso-C16:0, iso-C17:0, iso-C17:0
ω9c, and iso-C11:0 3-OH. Combined analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences, fatty acid profile, and results from physiological and biochemical
tests indicated that there is genotypic and phenotypic differentiation of the isolate from other Luteimonas species. For these reasons, strain B9T was proposed as a novel species, named Luteimonas aestuarii. The type strain of the new species is B9T (= KCTC 22048T, DSM 19680T). 相似文献
11.
In-Seok Park Seon Rang Woo Young-Chae Song Sung Hwoan Cho 《Ichthyological Research》2007,54(3):297-302
An experiment was conducted for 12 weeks to determine the effect of feeding and starvation on truss and classical parameters
in the external body of olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. There was an increase in the truss dimension of body depth in the trunk region of the fed group at the end of the experiment
(P < 0.05). In the olive flounder, the trunk region dimensions, including body depth measurements, are likely to be compromised
by variability related to differences in the feeding of fish from different habitats. Classical dimensions in relation to
the anterior–posterior body axis decreased and classical dimensions of head characteristics increased upon starvation but
decreased upon feeding (P < 0.05). These results suggest that these morphometric parameters may be a useful index of nutritional status in olive flounder. 相似文献
12.
Hoonbok Yi 《Journal of Plant Biology》2007,50(2):190-197
The response of insects to four thinning intensities (control, light-thin, heavy-thin, or light-thin with gaps) was examined
in 40-to 60-year-old Douglas-fir stands on the Willamette National Forest in Oregon, USA. In both 2000 and 2001, flying insect
assemblages were collected from window traps placed over the forest floor in the center of each treatment block during two
annual intervals: 1 ) June through August (early-season) and 2) August through October (late-season). The seasonal responses
by these insects showed statistically significant differences in species richness (F= 22.21,P <0.001) and mean abundance (F=34.87,P <0.001). The greatest numbers of taxa generated via indicator species analysis were in the early season and within the treatment
of light-thin with gap (L./ G). In particular, the woodborer beetle,Buprestis (Burprestidae), was strongly associated with L/G (Indicator Value = 52.4, P ≤0.001 ). Two beetle taxa,Ampedus (Elateridae, IV=84.7, P ≤0.001 ) and members of Cermabycidae (IV=58.4, P ≤0.001 ), were correlated significantly with early-season,
whereasMelanoplus (Acrididae) was associated with late-season (IV=21.3, P >0.05) and L/G (IV=29.2, P ≤0.05). For all thinning treatments, the
numbers of species and individuals were higher in the early season than the late season. Non-metric multidimensional scaling
showed that Axis 1 (65%) and Axis 2 (27%) explained 92% of the variance. The former was strongly associated with thinning
intensity, having higher coefficients of species richness (r=0.645) and species diversity (r=0.583). The multi-response permutation
procedures showed a statistically significant difference for thinning intensity (T-statistics=-4.6322,A-statistics=0.0479,P <0.0001 ). These results suggest that heavier thinning can result in more diverse populations of flying insects, including
herbivores and predators. 相似文献
13.
The effects of temporary immersion system (TIS) culture on the growth and quality of Siraitia grosvenorii plantlets were investigated. The TIS promoted the growth and quality of S. grosvenorii plantlets. Proliferation rate, shoot length, fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW) of shoots, and total biomass production
were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) higher in the TIS than in gelled and liquid medium, respectively. The TIS also decreased callus formation at the
base of shoots. Callus diameter was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) lower in the TIS (3.30 mm) than in gelled medium (6.31 mm) and liquid medium (6.77 mm), respectively. FW (50.83 mg)
and DW (7.08 mg) of callus in the TIS were also significantly (P ≤ 0.05) lower than those in gelled medium (80.00 and 10.56 mg, respectively) and liquid medium (218.75 and 23.75 mg, respectively).
During rhizogenesis, minimal callus was evident at the base of shoots in the TIS, with a well-developed root system. However,
the plantlets in gelled medium just produced thick, brown and easily broken roots with obvious callus and fewer secondary
roots. The natural-like plantlets of S. grosvenorii obtained in the TIS would probably have positive effects on ex vitro rooting and transplanting in large-scale commercial
production. 相似文献
14.
3-Methyl-2H-furo[2,3-c]pyran-2-one is an active compound isolated from plant-derived smoke water. It has a stimulatory role during seed germination similar to that of smoke or aqueous extracts of smoke. The present study was undertaken to gain insight into the physiological events involved in seed germination and seedling development and which are affected by butenolide using tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cultivar “Heinz 1370” seeds. No stimulatory role on the seed germination of tomato was recorded following the use of the butenolide, however, post-germinative growth of tomato seedlings was significantly improved over the control (P ≤ 0.05). The emergence of the radicle and elongation of the hypocotyls and radicles were accelerated in seeds imbibed with butenolide at 10−7 M. Flow cytometry studies showed that in butenolide-treated seeds the ratio of cells with replicated DNA was increased. Seedling vigour and weight were significantly increased by the butenolide (P ≤ 0.05). An inverse correlation was observed between the weight of cotyledons and the weight of the hypocotyls and radicle during seedling development. This is an indication that the butenolide is implicated in mobilization and utilization of stored reserve materials in developing tomato seedlings. 相似文献
15.
Cheruth Abdul Jaleel Ragupathi Gopi Paramasivam Manivannan Rajaram Panneerselvam 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2007,29(3):205-209
The effect of paclobutrazol, a plant growth regulator, on antioxidant defense system was investigated in Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don. plants subjected to NaCl stress. The growth parameters were significantly reduced under 80 mM NaCl treatment;
however, this growth inhibition was less in paclobutrazol-treated (15 mg l−1 plant−1) plants. The non-enzymatic antioxidants ascorbic acid and reduced glutathione were affected under NaCl stress and they increased
significantly under paclobutrazol treatment when compared to NaCl treated as well as control plants (P ≤ 0.05). The activity of antioxidant enzyme ascorbate peroxidase showed a significant enhancement under salinity stress.
The catalase activity decreased in roots of NaCl-treated plants, but recovered with paclobutrazol treatment. The results suggested
that paclobutrazol have significant role in contributing salt stress tolerance of C. roseus by improving the components of antioxidant defense system. 相似文献
16.
17.
Fábio E. Maciel Márcio A. Geihs Marcelo A. Vargas Bianca P. Ramos Bruno P. Cruz Maria S. L. Machado Ana M. C. Filadelfi Fernando M. Louzada Luiz E. M. Nery 《Biologia》2009,64(1):187-191
N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine or melatonin is a multifunctional molecule. The main physiological function, at least in vertebrates,
is to transduce to the animal the photoperiodic information and regulate rhythmic parameters. But studies have also observed
the action of this molecule on pigment migration in ectothermic vertebrates. Thus the aim of this paper was to investigate
in vivo and in vitro the influence of melatonin on the pigment migration in melanophores of the crab Neohelice granulate. Injections of melatonin (2 × 10−9 moles · crab−1) at 07:00 h or 19:00 h did not affect (p > 0.05) the circadian pigment migration of the melanophores in constant darkness. Additionally no significant pigment migration
(p > 0.05) was verified in normal and eyestalkless crabs injected with melatonin (10−10–10−7 moles · crab−1) during the day or night. In the in vitro assay, the response of melanophores to the pigment-dispersing hormone in eyestalkless crabs injected with melatonin (2 ×
10−9 moles · crab−1) 1 and 12 hours before the observations did not differ (p > 0.05) from the control group (injected with physiological solution). These results suggest that melatonin does not act
as a signaling factor for pigment dispersion or aggregation in the melanophores of N. Granulate. 相似文献
18.
T. A. Larkina A. L. Sazanova K. A. Fomichev O. Y. Barkova A. A. Sazanov T. Malewski K. Jaszczak 《Russian Journal of Genetics》2011,47(8):1012-1015
The quantitative traits of mass and percentage of abdominal fat in chicken and various types of obesity in mammals are homologous
and functionally similar. Therefore, the genes involved in obesity development in humans and laboratory rodents as well as
those responsible for pig lard thickness could be involved in abdominal fat deposition in broilers. Expression of candidate
genes FABP1, FABP2, FABP3, HMGA1, MC4R, PPARG, PPARGC1A, POMC and PTPN1 was studied in fat, liver, colon, muscle, pituitary gland, and brain in chicken (broilers) using real-time PCR. Significant
difference in the HMGA1 gene expression in the liver of broiler chicken with high (3.5 ± 0.18%) and low (1.9 ± 0.56%) abdominal fat concentration
has been revealed. The expression of this gene was been shown to correlate with the amount (0.7, P ≤ 0.01) and mass (0.7, P ≤ 0.01) of abdominal fat. The PPARG gene expression in liver in the same chicken subsets was also significantly different. Correlation coefficients of the gene
expression with the abdominal fat amount and mass were respectively 0.55 (P ≤ 0.05) and 0.57 (P ≤ 0.01). Based on these results, we suggest that the HMGA1 and PPARG genes are involved in abdominal fat deposition. The search for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the HMGA and PPARG regulatory regions could facilitate identifying genetic markers for broiler breeding according to the mass and percentage
of abdominal fat. 相似文献
19.
Sicher RC 《Photosynthesis research》2001,68(3):193-201
Effects of atmospheric carbon dioxide enrichment on nitrogen metabolism were studied in barley primary leaves (Hordeum vulgare
L. cv. Brant). Seedlings were grown in chambers under ambient (36 Pa) and elevated (100 Pa) carbon dioxide and were fertilized
daily with complete nutrient solution providing 12 millimolar nitrate and 2.5 millimolar ammonium. Foliar nitrate and ammonium
were 27% and 42% lower (P ≤ 0.01) in the elevated compared to ambient carbon dioxide treatments, respectively. Enhanced carbon dioxide affected leaf
ammonium levels by inhibiting photorespiration. Diurnal variations of total nitrate were not observed in either treatment.
Total and Mg2+inhibited nitrate reductase activities per gram fresh weight were slightly lower (P ≤ 0.01) in enhanced compared to ambient carbon dioxide between 8 and 15 DAS. Diurnal variations of total nitrate reductase
activity in barley primary leaves were similar in either treatment except between 7 and 10 h of the photoperiod when enzyme
activities were decreased (P ≤ 0.05) by carbon dioxide enrichment. Glutamate was similar and glutamine levels were increased by carbon dioxide enrichment
between 8 and 13 DAS. However, both glutamate and glutamine were negatively impacted by elevated carbon dioxide when leaf
yellowing was observed 15 and 17 DAS. The above findings showed that carbon dioxide enrichment produced only slight modifications
in leaf nitrogen metabolism and that the chlorosis of barley primary leaves observed under enhanced carbon dioxide was probably
not attributable to a nutritionally induced nitrogen limitation.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
20.
Decreased incidence of disease caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and improved plant vigor of oilseed rape with Bacillus subtilis Tu-100 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Sclerotinia sclerotiorum causes serious yield losses in oilseed crops worldwide. Bacillus subtilis Tu-100 significantly reduced (P≤0.05) the incidence of disease caused by S. sclerotiorum on oilseed rape at harvest in two trials conducted in fields artificially infested with this pathogen. Mean plant dry weight
was significantly greater (P≤0.05) and mean plant length was significantly greater (P≤0.07) at the seven-true-leaf stage with the Tu-100 treatment than with the control. Mean seed yield per 120 plants at harvest
was significantly greater (P≤0.05) in the second field trial with treatments containing isolate Tu-100. B. subtilis Tu-100 also promoted the growth of hydroponically grown oilseed rape. Plants were approximately 15% greater in dry weight
(P≤0.0001) and 6% greater in length (P≤0.0025) when grown in the presence of isolate Tu-100 in Hoagland’s solution, compared with the noninoculated control. In
gnotobiotic studies, the lacZ-tagged strain B. subtilis Tu-100(pUC18) was detected within all roots of oilseed rape. Isolate Tu-100 did not persist in the ectorhizosphere of oilseed
rape. Populations of this isolate decreased from 8.5×108 colony-forming units (CFU) per seed to approximately 102 CFU in the plant ectorhizosphere within 30 days of sowing in autoclaved soil. 相似文献