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1.
Protective Effect of Rare Earth Against Oxidative Stress Under Ultraviolet-B Radiation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The effects of lanthanum (III) (La(III)) in protecting soybean leaves against oxidative stress induced by ultraviolet-B (UV-B)
radiation were investigated. The increase in contents of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide () due to UV-B radiation suggested oxidative stress. The increase in the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the decrease
in the index of unsaturated fatty acid (IUFA) indicated oxidative damage on cell membrane induced by UV-B radiation. La(III)
partially reversed UV-B-radiation-induced damage of plant growth. The reduction in the contents of H2O2, , and MDA and increase in the content of IUFA, compared with UV-B treatment, also indicated that La(III) alleviated the oxidative
damage induced by UV-B radiation. The increase in the activities of superoxide dismutase and peroxidase and the contents of
ascorbate, carotinoids, and flavonoids were observed in soybean leaves with La(III) + UV-B treatment, compared with UV-B treatment.
Our data suggested that La(III) could protect soybean plants from UV-B-radiation-induced oxidative stress by reacting with
reactive oxygen species directly or by improving the defense system of plants. 相似文献
2.
Lei Z Mingyu S Xiao W Chao L Chunxiang Q Liang C Hao H Xiaoqing L Fashui H 《Biological trace element research》2008,121(1):69-79
A proven photocatalyst, titanium dioxide in the form of nano-anatase, is capable of undergoing electron transfer reactions
under light. In previous studies, we had proven that nano-anatase could absorb ultraviolet light (UV-B) and convert light
energy to stable chemistry energy finally via electron transport in spinach chloroplasts.The mechanisms by which nano-anatase
promotes antioxidant stress in spinach chloroplasts under UV-B radiation are still not clearly understood. In the present
paper, we investigate the effects of nano-anatase on the antioxidant stress in spinach chloroplasts under UV-B radiation.
The results showed that nano-anatase treatment could significantly decrease accumulation of superoxide radicals, hydrogen peoxide (H2O2), and malonyldialdehyde (MDA) content, and increase activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase
(APX), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), and elevate evolution oxygen rate in spinach chloroplasts under UV-B radiation. Together,
nano-anatase could decrease the oxidative stress to spinach chloroplast caused by UV-B radiation. 相似文献
3.
Zinc (Zn) consumption has increased in many populations either due to the increased intake of Zn-fortified foods as in the
USA or in agricultural food stuffs as in some Indian states during the last decade. Its excessive intake has been reported
to induce acute pancreatitis (AP) in many studies due to increase in oxidative stress that was further reported to cause Cu
and Mg deficiencies. This led us to design a modified poultry egg (MEΨ) enriched with Cu and Mg along with other antioxidants, and its efficacy on Zn-induced AP was studied in male Wistar rats.
In one set, the rats were fed on equacaloric semi-synthetic basal diet containing 20 mg Zn/kg diet (control, group I), and
Zn-induced AP-I diet and AP-II diet containing 40 and 80 mg Zn/kg diet (groups II and III) for 180 days, respectively. In
another set, the rats were initially fed on Zn-induced AP-I and AP-II diets for 90 days and then shifted to -mixed Zn-induced AP-I and AP-II diets in groups IIME and IIIME for another 90 days. At the end of the experiment, data displayed
increased serum and urinary Zn, Cu, and Mg levels in groups II and III rats, which were reduced and approached closer to control
group I after feeding in groups IIME and IIIME rats. Transmission electron microscopic studies of acinar cells revealed progressive dilation,
vesicularization, and degeneration of endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and decrease in zymogen granules (ZG) in groups II and III
rats in contrast to their curvilinear or concentric long parallel running cisternal profile of ER in control group I. The
treatment of helped in the restoration of the ER profile and ZG number, approaching closer to the control group I. The degree of recovery
was dependent upon the degree of toxicity caused by the amount of Zn given in the diet. The results of this study suggest
that -mixed diet can protect the acinar cells from the deleterious effects of Zn by decreasing the oxidative stress.
Indian patent application no. 2264/Del/2005. 相似文献
4.
Enhanced ultraviolet-B (UV-B) irradiation is one of the most important abiotic stresses that could influence the growth and
physiological traits of plants. In this work, we reported the effects of silicon on the growth and physiological characteristics
of wheat seedlings (Triticum aestivum L. cv Hengmai5229) subject to UV-B stress. Treatments with silicon significantly increased total biomass and chlorophyll
(a + b) content, and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content and the rate of superoxide radical (O2−) production in wheat seedlings subjected to UV-B stress. Silicon treatments also induced an increased in soluble sugar, anthocyanins,
and flavonoid content. Leaf silicon concentration increased with the increasing of silicon supply to soil. Positive correlations
were found in leaf silicon concentration with total biomass, chlorophyll (a + b), proline, and soluble protein content, respectively.
MDA content and the rate of O2− production were negatively correlated with leaf silicon concentration in seedlings. The results demonstrated that silicon
alleviated the damage caused by UV-B on wheat seedlings to some extent by the increase in antioxidant compounds content and
leaf silicon concentration. 相似文献
5.
The serum selenium (Se) concentrations were determined to be 105.6±15.6 μg/L (
) and 116.7±18.4 μg/L (
) for the ovarian cancer patients and the control subjects in Singapore, respectively (p<0.0065). When we separated the patients into three age groups, namely <30, 30–50, and >50 yr, the ovarian cancer patients
showed significantly lower mean serum Se levels than the control subjects for the 30–50-yr age group only. However, when the
analysis of variance was used to evaluate the data, the values indicated that the age of the subject did not significantly
affect the serum Se level. Our findings suggest that there is an inverse relationship between serum Se concentration and the
incidence of human ovarian cancer.
A modified simple fluorimetric method for the determination of serum Se concentration is described. The procedure, with a
sensitivity limit of 5 μg/L and percentage recoveries of 96.2–100.7%, requires only 0.2 mL of serum sample. 相似文献
6.
Selenium deficiency in yugoslavia 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Zoran J. Maksimović Ivana Djujić Vidojko Jović Mihailo Ršumović 《Biological trace element research》1992,33(1-3):187-196
Data on selenium (Se) deficiency in Yugoslavia are presented. The results include Se content of soil, cereal crops, and garlic
grown in these soils, and human serum and scalp hair from several towns and regions. All data indicate a serious Se deficiency:
soil (n=140), the mean value of 200±69.6 μg/kg Se; wheat, (58)
= 20.5 ± 12.4 μg/kg; corn, (79)
= 13.7 ± 13.6 μg/kg; and garlic, (66)
= 13.7 ± 17.1 μg/kg Se. Analyses of human tissue show a very low Se status of the Yugoslav population: serum, (n=875)
= 50.0 ± 18.0 μg/L and scalp hair, (388)
= 94 ± 16 μg/kg Se. In some regions, Se contents of grain, garlic, and human serum and hair are approaching those in the
low-Se belt in China. It is assumed that very low Se status of a human population could be a risk factor in the development
of Balkan Endemic Nephropathy (BEN) and in a high incidence of urinary tract tumors (UTT) in endemic areas.
A portion of these results were presented at the International Symposium on Selenium, Belgrade, May 12–15, 1991, Abstracts
p.1, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts. 相似文献
7.
Protective Effect of Cerium Ion Against Ultraviolet B Radiation-Induced Water Stress in Soybean Seedlings 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mao CX Chen MM Wang L Zou H Liang CJ Wang LH Zhou Q 《Biological trace element research》2012,146(3):381-387
Effects of cerium ion (Ce(III)) on water relations of soybean seedlings (Glycine max L.) under ultraviolet B radiation (UV-B, 280–320 nm) stress were investigated under laboratory conditions. UV-B radiation
not only affected the contents of two osmolytes (proline, soluble sugar) in soybean seedlings, but also inhibited the transpiration
in soybean seedlings by decreasing the stomatal density and conductance. The two effects caused the inhibition in the osmotic
and metabolic absorption of water, which decreased the water content and the free water/bound water ratio. Obviously, UV-B
radiation led to water stress, causing the decrease in the photosynthesis in soybean seedlings. The pretreatment with 20 mg L−1 Ce(III) could alleviate UV-B-induced water stress by regulating the osmotic and metabolic absorption of water in soybean
seedlings. The alleviated effect caused the increase in the photosynthesis and the growth of soybean seedlings. It is one
of the protective effect mechanisms of Ce(III) against the UV-B radiation-induced damage to plants. 相似文献
8.
Mimosine Mitigates Oxidative Stress in Selenium Deficient Seedlings of Vigna radiata. Part II: Mitochondrial Uptake of 75Selenium and Mimosine 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
During the growth of selenium (Se)-deficient seedlings of Vigna radiata, exposure to mimosine [2-amino-3-(3-hydroxy-4-oxo-1H-pyridin-1-yl)-propanoic acid], a nonprotein plant amino acid, effectively mitigated stress at 0.1 mM, as reflected in enhancement
of growth and efficiency of mitochondrial functions. Since the changes in the seedlings elicited by exposure to mimosine were
similar to those effected by Se at an optimal exposure level of 0.75 ppm (Sreekala et al., Biol Trace Elem Res 70:193–207,
1999), the uptake of Se and that of mimosine itself was individually studied in the respiring mitochondria of Se-deficient
seedlings (−Se-stressed group) in comparison with those exposed to mimosine during growth at 0.1 mM (Mim 0.1 group). In both
groups, the mitochondrial uptake of 75Se at 10 μM added increased linearly up to 2 min, attaining steady-state levels thereafter. Uptake levels were 2.3-fold higher in the Mim 0.1
group than in the −Se-stressed group. Double-reciprocal plots of mitochondrial 75Se uptake against 2–20 μM in the medium were nonlinear and negative cooperative effects during the uptake were confirmed by Scatchard plots, whereas
Hill coefficients were 0.8 and 0.85 for the two groups. Mitochondrial uptake of mimosine, at added levels of 25 or 50 μM,
increased linearly up to 1 min and decelerated thereafter. Initial uptake levels of mimosine at 1 min were higher by 6.5-fold
at 25 μM and 4-fold at 50 μM in the Mim 0.1 group than those in the −Se-stressed group. Initial uptake levels with added mimosine
up to 50 or 100 μM yielded nonlinear double-reciprocal plots; and kinetic analyses at 5 to 50 μM revealed the prevalence of
positive cooperativity in the −Se-stressed group and negative cooperativity in the Mim 0.1 group. Involvement of active thiol
groups in the uptake of both Se and mimosine were indicated by inhibition studies. Evidence presented for mimosine mediated
increase in mitochondrial Se uptake and cooperative interactions thereof underscores the metabolic significance of mimosine. 相似文献
9.
Ozkan Aksakal Omer Faruk Algur Feyza Icoglu Aksakal Ferhunde Aysin 《Acta Physiologiae Plantarum》2017,39(2):55
One of the abiotic stress factors affecting plant metabolism is ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation. 5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA), a key precursor of porphyrin biosynthesis, promotes plant growth and crop yields. To investigate the alleviating effects of exogenous ALA on the damages caused by UV-B exposure, two different concentrations [10 ppm (ALA1) and 25 ppm (ALA2)] of ALA were applied to lettuce seedlings for 24 h and then they were exposed to 3.3 W m?2 UV-B. Results showed that UV-B treatment significantly decreased chlorophyll a and b (Chl a and b) concentration, enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes, total phenolic concentration, soluble sugar contents, expression of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and γ-tocopherol methyltransferase (γ-TMT) genes, the concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and the rate of superoxide radical (\({\text{O}}_{2}^{ - }\)) generation in the lettuce seedlings when compared to the control. Pre-treatment with exogenous ALA significantly enhanced UV-B stress tolerance in lettuce seedlings by decreasing the reactive oxygen species. On the other hand, ALA application caused more increases in the PAL and γ-TMT gene expression, antioxidant enzymes activities, Chl a and b concentration, total phenolic content, antioxidant capacity and the concentrations of soluble sugars. Obtained results indicated that UV-B radiation exerts an adverse effect on lettuce seedlings, and some of the negative effects of UV-B radiation can be alleviated by exogenous ALA. 相似文献
10.
Leaching losses of inorganic N and DOC following repeated drying and wetting of a spruce forest soil
Forest soils are frequently subjected to dry–wet cycles, but little is known about the effects of repeated drying and wetting
and wetting intensity on fluxes of , and DOC. Here, undisturbed soil columns consisting of organic horizons (O columns) and organic horizons plus mineral soil
(O + M columns) from a mature Norway spruce stand at the Fichtelgebirge; Germany, were repeatedly desiccated and subsequently
wetted by applying different amounts of water (8, 20 and 50 mm day−1) during the initial wetting phase. The constantly moist controls were not desiccated and received 4 mm day−1 during the entire wetting periods. Cumulative inorganic N fluxes of the control were 12.4 g N m−2 (O columns) and 11.4 g N m−2 (O + M columns) over 225 days. Repeated drying and wetting reduced cumulative and fluxes of the O columns by 47–60 and 76–85%, respectively. Increasing (0.6–1.1 g N m−2) and decreasing fluxes (7.6–9.6 g N m−2) indicate a reduction in net nitrification in the O + M columns. The negative effect of dry–wet cycles was attributed to
reduced net N mineralisation during both the desiccation and wetting periods. The soils subjected to dry–wet cycles were considerably
drier at the final wetting period, suggesting that hydrophobicity of soil organic matter may persist for weeks or even months.
Based on results from this study and from the literature we hypothesise that N mineralisation is mostly constrained by hydrophobicity
in spruce forests during the growing season. Wetting intensity did mostly not alter N and DOC concentrations and fluxes. Mean
DOC concentrations increased by the treatment from 45 mg l−1 to 61–77 mg l−1 in the O tlsbba columns and from 12 mg l−1 to 21–25 mg l−1 in the O + M columns. Spectroscopic properties of DOC from the O columns markedly differed within each wetting period, pointing
to enhanced release of rather easily decomposable substrates in the initial wetting phases and the release of more hardly
decomposable substrates in the final wetting phases. Our results suggest a small additional DOC input from organic horizons
to the mineral soil owing to drying and wetting. 相似文献
11.
Microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase (mPGES-1) has been identified recently as a novel target for treating pain and inflammation. The aim of this study
is to understand the binding affinities of reported inhibitors for mPGES-1 and further to design potential new mPGES-1 inhibitors.
3D-QSAR-CoMFA (comparative molecular field analysis) and CoMSIA (comparative molecular similarity indices analysis) - techniques
were employed on a series of indole derivatives that act as selective mPGES-1 inhibitors. The lowest energy conformer of the
most active compound obtained from systematic conformational search was used as a template for the alignment of 32 compounds.
The models obtained were used to predict the activities of the test set of eight compounds, and the predicted values were
in good agreement with the experimental results. The 3D-QSAR models derived from the training set of 24 compounds were all
statistically significant (CoMFA; q
2 = 0.89, r
2 = 0.95, , and CoMSIA; q
2 = 0.84, r
2 = 0.93, , ). Contour plots generated for the CoMFA and CoMSIA models reveal useful clues for improving the activity of mPGES-1 inhibitors.
In particular, substitutions of an electronegative fluorine atom or a bulky hydrophilic phenoxy group at the meta or para positions of the biphenyl rings might improve inhibitory activity. A plausible binding mode between the ligands and mPGES-1
is also proposed. 相似文献
12.
A. Robic D. Bertrand J.-F. Sassi Y. Lerat M. Lahaye 《Journal of applied phycology》2009,21(4):451-456
The water-soluble cell wall polysaccharides from green seaweeds of Ulva spp. (Ulvales, Chlorophyta), referred to as ulvan, demonstrate composition- and structure-related functional properties.
Mid-infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometric techniques was investigated as a means to rapidly predict the chemical
composition of ulvan extracts. A calibration was realized with 41 ulvan extracts from two Ulva species. The variables studied included the constituent sugars (rhamnose, xylose, glucose, galactose, glucuronic acid, iduronic
acid), protein, and sulfate contents. The correlation between Fourier transform infrared and chemical data was developed using
partial least squares (PLS) regression with full cross-validation (leave one out). The coefficients of determination in cross-validation
() and the standard error in cross-validation were determined for each variable. The PLS model validation resulted in a coefficient
of determination () and a standard error in prediction. Good predictions were obtained for rhamnose ( = 0.9244), xylose ( = 0.8758), glucuronic acid ( = 0.9415), and sulfate ( = 0.9218), which are the main ulvan constituents. However, minor components such as proteins, glucose, galactose, and iduronic
acid were not correctly predicted. This study showed that mid-infrared spectroscopy combined with PLS regression is a reliable
and fast method for the quantification of the main chemical constituents of ulvan extracts. 相似文献
13.
Nitric oxide (NO) is a key molecule involved in many physiological processes. To characterize its roles in the tolerance of
Arabidopsis thaliana to ultraviolet-B (UV-B), we investigated the effect of a reduced endogenous NO level on oxidative damage to wild-type and
mutant (Atnoa1) plants. Under irradiation, hydrogen peroxide was accumulated more in mutant leaves than in the wild type. However, the amounts
of UV-B-absorbing compounds (flavonoids and anthocyanin) and the activities of two antioxidant enzymes—catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6)
and ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1.11.1.11)—were lower in leaves of the former. Supplementing with sodium nitroprusside,
an NO donor, could alleviate the oxidative damage to mutant leaves by increasing flavonoid and anthocyanin contents and enzyme
activities. In comparison, , an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, had the opposite effects on oxidation resistance in wild-type leaves. All these results
suggest that nitric oxide acts as a signal for an active oxygen-scavenging system that protects plants from oxidative stress
induced by UV-B irradiation. 相似文献
14.
Brian S. Baltunis Timothy A. Martin Dudley A. Huber John M. Davis 《Tree Genetics & Genomes》2008,4(4):797-807
Quantifying foliar stable carbon isotope discrimination (Δ) is a powerful approach for understanding genetic variation in
gas exchange traits in large populations. The genetic architecture of Δ and third-year height is described for more than 1,000
clones of Pinus taeda tested on two contrasting sites. for Δ was 0.14 (±0.03), 0.20 (±0.07), and 0.09 (±0.04) at Florida, Georgia, and across sites, respectively. for stable carbon isotope discrimination ranged from 0.25 (±0.03) at the Florida site to 0.33 (±0.03) at the Georgia site,
while the across-site estimate of was 0.19 (±0.02). For third-year height, ranged from 0.13 (±0.05) at the Georgia site to 0.20 (±0.06) at the Florida site with an across-site estimate of 0.09 (±0.05).
Broad-sense heritability estimates for third-year height were 0.23 (±0.03), 0.28 (±0.03), and 0.13 (±0.02) at the Florida
site, Georgia site, and across sites, respectively. Type B total genetic correlation for Δ was 0.70 ± 0.06, indicating that
clonal rankings were relatively stable across sites, while for third-year height, rankings of clones were more unstable across
the two trials . Third-year height and Δ were negatively correlated at the parental , full-sib family , and clonal levels, suggesting that genetic variation for Δ in P. taeda may be a result of differences in photosynthetic capacity. We conclude that Δ may be a useful selection trait to improve
water-use efficiency and for guiding deployment decisions in P. taeda. 相似文献
15.
Wu X Xiao W Liu C Chao L Qu C Chunxiang Q Huang H Hao H Liu X Xiaoqing L Chen L Liang C Su M Mingyu S Hong F Fashui H 《Biological trace element research》2008,121(3):258-265
Lead (Pb2+) is a well-known highly toxic element. The mechanisms of the Pb2+ toxicity are not well understood for nitrogen metabolism of higher plants. In this paper, we studied the effects of various
concentrations of PbCl2 on the nitrogen metabolism of growing spinach. The experimental results showed that Pb2+ treatments significantly decreased the nitrate nitrogen absorption and inhibited the activities of nitrate reductase, glutamate dehydrogenase, glutamine synthase, and glutamic–pyruvic
transaminase of spinach, and inhibited the synthesis of organic nitrogen compounds such as protein and chlorophyll. However,
Pb2+ treatments increased the accumulation of ammonium nitrogen in spinach cell. It implied that Pb2+ could inhibit inorganic nitrogen to be translated into organic nitrogen in spinach, thus led to the reduction in spinach
growth. 相似文献
16.
17.
Algal communities inhabiting four calamine mine spoils differing in time since cessation of exploitation and loaded with high
concentrations of zinc (20,284–61,599 μg g−1 soil DW), lead (2,620–3,885 μg g−1 DW) and cadmium (104–232 μg g−1 DW) were studied. In dump soils of slightly alkaline pH (7.28–7.52) and low nutrient (, , ) concentrations, chlorophyll a content ranged from 0.41 to 2.27 μg g−1 soil DW. In total, 23 algal species were recorded. Chlorophyta were the dominant taxonomic group (42–55% of all identified
species) followed by Cyanobacteria (28–36%) and Heterokontophyta (13–21%). The highest species richness (18) was observed
in the oldest dump (120 years old) with natural succession, while in younger dumps it was lower (11–15). Total algal abundance
ranged between 5.5 and 19.1 × 102 ind. g−1 soil DW, and values of Margalef’s diversity indices (1.59–2.25) were low. These results may suggest that both high concentrations
of heavy metals and low nutrient content influenced the algal communities in all the dumps studied. The differences in algal
microflora observed between tailing dumps may indicate that habitat quality improved with time and that algae isolated from
Zn/Pb-loaded soils may be Zn/Pb-resistant ecotypes of ubiquitous species. 相似文献
18.
Effect of Cerium on Photosynthetic Pigments and Photochemical Reaction Activity in Soybean Seedling Under Ultraviolet-B Radiation Stress 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Effects of cerium (Ce) on photosynthetic pigments and photochemical reaction activity in soybean (Glycine max L.) under ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation stress were studied under laboratory conditions. UV-B radiation caused the decrease
in chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, Hill reaction activity, photophosphorylation rate and Mg2+-ATPase activity. Ce (III) (20 mg L−1) could alleviate UV-B-induced inhibition to these photosynthetic parameters because values of these photosynthetic parameters
in Ce (III) + UV-B treatment were obviously higher than those with UV-B treatment alone. Dynamic changes of the above photosynthetic
parameters show that Ce (III) could slow down the decrease rate of these photosynthetic parameters during a 5-day UV-B radiation
and quicken the restoration during recovery period. The final restoration degree of five parameters mentioned above in leaves
exposed to low level of UV-B radiation (0.15 W m2) was higher than that exposed to high level (0.45 W m2). Correlating net photosynthetic rate with other four parameters, we found that the regulating mechanisms Ce (ΠΙ) on photosynthesis
under various level of UV-B radiation were not the same. The protective effects of Ce (III) on photosynthesis in plants were
influenced by the intensity of UV-B radiation. 相似文献
19.
A method based on the fluorescence probe 8-hydroxypyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid for in situ measurement of pH in partly frozen
aqueous solutions was developed using multifrequency, phase-modulated fluorescence spectroscopy inherently correcting for
light scattering. The probe was determined to have pK
a = 7.72 ± 0.03 at 25.0 °C extrapolated to zero ionic strength with as derived from temperature dependence (5 to 25 °C investigated). Ionic strength dependence of pK
a determined experimentally was described using Debye–Hückel formalism for ionic strength up to 3 M. Temperature and ionic
strength dependence were combined to yield for determination of pH at subzero temperatures with α experimentally determined from the ratio between fluorescence intensity after excitation at 454 and 415 nm, α = FI(454 nm)/2.5·FI(415 nm). Fluorescence could be described as a decay of a single excited state with a fluorescence life
time of 5.40 ± 0.05 ns at 25 °C, and excited state acid–base equilibration was shown not to interfere with the pH measurement.
Using the method, pH of a 0.25 M phosphate buffer with pH = 6.8 at 25 °C was shown to decrease gradually to pH = 4.2 in the
ice slurry at −13 °C. 相似文献
20.
The Effects of Increasing UV-B Radiation on Pigmentation, Growth and Survival of Coregonid Embryos and Larvae 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Jani Häkkinen Eeva Vehniäinen Olli Ylönen Jarno Heikkilä Markus Soimasuo Jussi Kaurola Aimo Oikari Juha Karjalainen 《Environmental Biology of Fishes》2002,64(4):451-459
In the northern regions UV-B radiation levels have increased due to ozone depletion. A two-week laboratory experiment was conducted to measure the effects of UV-B radiation on the pigmentation, growth, oxygen consumption rate and survival of whitefish, Coregonus lavaretus, and vendace, Coregonus albula, larvae. In May newly hatched embryos were exposed in laboratory aquaria to three CIE weighted UV-B radiation levels: subambient (daily dose 1.37kJm–2), 9% (1.81kJm–2) and 34% higher (2.24kJm–2) than ambient. Control embryos and larvae were not exposed to UV-B. Larvae of whitefish and vendace that were irradiated with highest UV-B level had 32% and 31% more melanin than control larvae, respectively, which we interpret as an apparent induced response. In controls, the species difference revealed 53% more melanin in vendace larvae than in whitefish larvae. UV-B radiation had no effect on the mortality of either species, the survival being high in all treatments (>90%). Additionally, neither growth rate nor the metabolic rate of larvae of either species was affected by UV-B radiation. Thus, in relation to future scenarios UV-B radiation may not be a threat to whitefish or vendace larvae in current or expected radiation levels. 相似文献