纳豆激酶基因的表达及纯化

利用PCR方法从分泌纳豆激酶的枯草杆菌基因组DNA中扩增得到纳豆激酶基因(NK),利用基因重组技术构建了纳豆激酶基因的表达载体pETNK。在诱导下,实现了在大肠杆菌中高效表达,经SDS-PAGE电泳分析和薄层扫描结果显示,表达的目的蛋白占菌体蛋白的21．5％。将表达产物经过DEAE-Cellulos-DE52和Sephedax-G100两个柱分离纯化,得到纯的纳豆激酶蛋白干粉,经琼脂糖-纤维蛋白平板法测出纳豆激酶干粉的溶栓活性相当于200u尿激酶。从基因工程角度研究纳豆激酶基因的克隆、表达及纯化,为用基因工程菌生产纳豆激酶奠定了基础。     

纳豆激酶基因在E.coli HB101中的初步表达研究

利用PCR技术以纳豆杆菌染色体DNA为模板扩增纳豆激酶基因,将该基因克隆到温度诱导型表达形体pVB220上,转化E．coliHB101,获得转豆激酶基因重组菌。在确定了其最佳培养时间与诱导时间后,SDS－PAGE分析结果表明基因表达产物为分泌型,蛋白表达量占菌体蛋白的12％左右,液体发酵后纳豆激酶产量可达120U／ml菌液,对重组菌中重组质粒的稳定性进行研究,结果表明该质粒在宿主菌中具有良好的分离稳定性,而结构稳定性较差。     

纳豆激酶酶原基因和纳豆激酶基因的克隆及在大肠杆菌中表达

目的：构建可高效生产有活性的纳豆激酶的大肠杆菌工程菌。方法：将纳豆激酶酶原（pro-nattokinase,pro-NK)基因和纳豆激酶（natokinase,NK)基因,并分别克隆到表达融合蛋白的高效表达载体pJN上,构建出表达质粒pJNK1和pJNK2,并转化大肠杆菌BL21（DE3）。结果：IPTG诱导下,两个融合蛋白的表达量均达到30%,活性检测显示表达纳豆激酶酶原融合蛋白的菌株pJNK-1(BL)诱导后菌体破碎上清的溶栓活性比表达纳豆激酶融合蛋白的菌株pJNK-2(BL)高2-3倍,结论：纳豆激酶酶原融合蛋白部分自减切产生纳豆激酶成熟肽。     

纳豆激酶基因在大肠杆菌中的表达及活性分析

目的:构建纳豆激酶基因的表达载体,鉴定其在大肠杆菌中的表达及表达产物的生物活性鉴定.方法:以纳豆芽胞杆菌基因组为模板,PCR技术克隆出纳豆激酶基因的成熟肽序列,分别克隆进具有信号肽的pMAL-p2x及无信号肽pMAL-c2x质粒中,经酶切和测序鉴定其正确性,分别将重组质粒转化至大肠杆菌中表达.结果:成功构建的两组重组质粒在IPTG诱导下,均能分别在37℃及16℃条件下表达出可溶性的融合蛋白,SDS-PAGE胶检测证实重组质粒在大肠杆菌中可表达出相对分子量约76kDa的纳豆激酶蛋白.纤维蛋白平板实验证明两种融合蛋白均有活性,且有信号肽的融合蛋白的酶活较无信号肽的融合蛋白高.结果:成功构建了两组重组纳豆激酶基因的表达质粒,且该两组重组基因在大肠杆菌中可溶性表达并具有生物活性,因此为下一步研究表达产物纳豆激酶的功能、应用和生产奠定了基础.     

纳豆激酶基因的克隆及其在毕赤酵母中的表达

纳豆激酶纳是从日本传统食品纳豆中发现的一类具有溶栓效果的蛋白酶,由于其具有安全,高效,作用时间长,易吸收,廉价等优点,现在正成为一个开发治疗血栓类疾病药物的研究热点。从本实验室保存的一株高溶栓的纳豆杆菌N07出发,提取总基因组DNA,利用PCR手段扩增获得了纳豆激酶长为825bp的成熟肽基因片段。构建重组表达质粒pPICZaA-NK,经EcoR I、Xba I双酶切、PCR、测序验证得出重组表达质粒上的外源基因即为825bp的目的片段;将重组质粒pPICZaA-NK用内切酶Sac I线性化后电击导入毕赤酵母X33,通过含Zeocin的YPDS平板筛选获得重组酵母。重组酵母在BMMY培养基中发酵培养,用1%甲醇诱导目的蛋白表达。用纤维蛋白平板法检测发现发酵上清具有纤溶活性,经硫酸铵盐析、透析、Sephadex-G50过柱等步骤分离得到纳豆激酶蛋白,进行SDS-PAGE鉴定表明,表达的纳豆激酶蛋白分子量为27KD。以尿激酶为标准,实验所得纳豆激酶发酵上清液溶栓活性约为195U/mL。成功的将纳豆激酶成熟肽基因在毕赤酵母X33中表达,为纳豆激酶基因工程进一步研究奠定基础。     

纳豆激酶基因在E.coli HB101中的初步表达研究*

利用PCR技术以纳豆杆菌染色体DNA为模板扩增纳豆激酶基因 ,将该基因克隆到温度诱导型表达载体pBV2 2 0上 ,转化_{E .coli}HB1 0 1 ,获得转纳豆激酶基因重组菌。在确定了其最佳培养时间与诱导时间后 ,SDS PAGE分析结果表明基因表达产物为分泌型 ,蛋白表达量占菌体蛋白的12%左右 ,液体发酵后纳豆激酶产量可达 120U/mL菌液。对重组菌中重组质粒的稳定性进行研究 ,结果表明该质粒在宿主菌中具有良好的分离稳定性 ,而结构稳定性较差。     

纳豆激酶基因在大肠杆菌中活性表达的比较研究

实现纳豆激酶基因 (nattokinasegene)在大肠杆菌中高活性表达 ,并说明前肽 ( pro序列 )对纳豆激酶的活性表达必不可少。以纳豆芽孢杆菌基因组DNA为模板 ,采用PCR方法分别扩增编码信号肽、前肽及成熟肽的序列 ( pre pro NK)和编码前肽、成熟肽的序列 (pro NK) ,构建了大肠杆菌表达质粒 pTYB1 0 1 ,pTYB1 0 2 ,转化大肠杆菌ER2 5 66。在IPTG诱导下 ,分别在 1 5℃ ( 1 4h) ,3 0℃ ( 3h)和 3 7℃ ( 2h)培养。结果可见 ,pTYB1 0 2能表达有活性的纳豆激酶。SDS PAGE表明 ,1 5℃表达杂蛋白更少。薄层扫描显示表达的纳豆激酶占菌体总蛋白的 3 0 %以上。成功制备了表达纳豆激酶的工程菌。     

纳豆激酶基因工程研究进展

纳豆激酶是由纳豆芽孢杆菌(Bacillussubtillisnatto)分泌的一种具有纤溶作用的碱性丝氨酸蛋白酶。对纳豆激酶基因的克隆与表达,基因与蛋白质结构以及基因工程纳豆激酶的特性和功能进行了综述。     

重组纳豆激酶的研究进展

纳豆激酶是一种碱性丝氨酸蛋白酶,具有较强的直接溶解血纤维蛋白的特性,与当前的溶栓药物相比具有诸多优点,已成为新型溶栓药物开发的焦点。本文首先简要介绍了纳豆激酶基因及纳豆激酶分子的理化特性和生物学功能,对当前国内外采用基因工程技术（密码子优化、点突变、高效表达系统构建等）重组表达纳豆激酶的研究进展进行了综述,分析了其中存在的主要问题和不足以及商业化生产重组纳豆激酶的可能性,对纳豆激酶在医药、食品等行业中的应用前景进行了展望。     

纳豆激酶基因的优化设计、合成及其在烟草叶片中的瞬时表达

根据植物偏爱密码子优化设计、合成纳豆激酶基因sNK,利用重叠延伸PCR法在其中插入番茄果实特异性表达基因E8的第一内含子构成sNKi基因,通过农杆菌渗透法将这两种基因渗入到烟草NC89叶片中并实现瞬时表达。通过RT-qPCR法将两种基因在烟草叶片中转录水平的表达量进行比较,结果表明两种基因在烟草叶片中均表达,且sNKi基因的表达量显著高于sNK基因;通过纤维蛋白平板法在两种基因的瞬时表达样品中均能检测到纤溶酶活性,表明目的基因在烟草叶片中可正常翻译并表现出溶栓活性,且sNKi基因在翻译水平的表达量显著高于sNK基因。表明内含子对人工合成的纳豆激酶基因的瞬时表达具有显著的促进作用。     

Expression and purification of recombinant nattokinase in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Spodoptera frugiperda</Emphasis> cells

A recombinant baculovirus, rv-egfp-NK, containing a reporter gene encoding the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP), was used to express nattokinase (NK), a fibrinolytic enzyme, in Spodoptera frugiperda (SF-9) cells. The recombinant protein also included a histidine tag for purification using Ni(2+) resins. The recombinant NK, approximately 30 kDa, retained fibrinolytic activity (60 U/ml). The integration of the EGFP expression cassette in the Bac-to-Bac system is thus an effective method for the expression and purification of recombinant NK protein in Spodoptera frugiperda insect cells.     

Directed evolution improves the fibrinolytic activity of nattokinase from Bacillus natto

Nattokinase (subtilisin NAT, NK) is a relatively effective microbial fibrinolytic enzyme that has been identified and characterized from Bacillus natto. In the current report, DNA family shuffling was used to improve the fibrinolytic activity of nattokinase. Three homologous genes from B. natto AS 1.107, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CICC 20164 and Bacillus licheniformis CICC 10092 were shuffled to generate a mutant library. A plate-based method was used to screen the mutant libraries for improved activity. After three rounds of DNA shuffling, one desirable mutant with 16 amino acid substitutions was obtained. The mutant enzyme was purified and characterized. The kinetic measurements showed that the catalytic efficiency of the mutant NK was approximately 2.3 times higher than that of the wild-type nattokinase. In addition, the molecular modeling analysis suggested that the mutations affect the enzymatic function by changing the surface conformation of the substrate-binding pocket. The current study shows that the evolution of nattokinase with improved fibrinolytic activity by DNA family shuffling is feasible and provides useful references to facilitate the application of nattokinase in thrombolytic therapy.     

内生多粘类芽胞杆菌纤溶酶基因PPFE-I在大肠杆菌中融合表达及活性分析

以内生多粘类芽胞杆菌EJS-3基因组DNA为模板,PCR扩增PPFE-I基因,并克隆到pMD19-T载体上,构建克隆载体pMD-PPFE-I,经测序正确后,将PPFE-I基因克隆至表达载体pET-DsbA上构建重组表达质粒pET-DsbA/PPFE-I,将其转化至E. coli BL21(DE3),在IPTG诱导下实现了融合蛋白DsbA-PPFE-I的表达,表达产物酶活性达228 IU/mL。表达产物用SDS-PAGE和Western blotting进行鉴定。SDS-PAGE电泳检测表明融合蛋白主要以可溶形式表达,占菌体总蛋白的18.4％。Western blotting结果表明在相应分子量处有一条特异性条带,证实该蛋白为DsbA-PPFE-I融合蛋白。表达产物通过Ni亲和柱、凝血酶酶切及Sephadex G-100等步骤进行分离纯化,并用 MALDI-TOF 质谱对重组酶进行了鉴定。纯化后的表达产物在纤维蛋白平板上表现出明显的纤溶活性。     

Secretory Expression of Nattokinase from <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bacillus subtilis</Emphasis> YF38 in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Escherichia coli</Emphasis>

Nattokinase producing bacterium, B. subtilis YF38, was isolated from douchi, using the fibrin plate method. The gene encoding this enzyme was cloned by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Cytoplasmic expression of this enzyme in E. coli resulted in inactive inclusion bodies. But with the help of two different signal peptides, the native signal peptide of nattokinase and the signal peptide of PelB, active nattokinase was successfully expressed in E. coli with periplasmic secretion, and the nattokinase in culture medium displayed high fibrinolytic activity. The fibrinolytic activity of the expressed enzyme in the culture was determined to reach 260 urokinase units per micro-liter when the recombinant strain was induced by 0.7 mmol l⁻¹ isopropyl-β-D- thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) at 20°C for 20 h, resulting 49.3 mg active enzyme per liter culture. The characteristic of this recombinant nattokinase is comparable to the native nattokinase from B. subtilis YF38. Secretory expression of nattokinase in E. coli would facilitate the development of this enzyme into a therapeutic product for the control and prevention of thrombosis diseases.     

Microbial production of nattokinase: current progress,challenge and prospect

Nattokinase (EC 3.4.21.62) is a profibrinolytic serine protease with a potent fibrin-degrading activity, and it has been produced by many host strains. Compared to other fibrinolytic enzymes (urokinase, t-PA and streprokinase), nattokinase shows the advantages of having no side effects, low cost and long life-time, and it has the potential to be used as a drug for treating cardiovascular disease and served as a functional food additive. In this review, we focused on screening of producing strains, genetic engineering, fermentation process optimization for microbial nattokinase production, and the extraction and purification of nattokinase were also discussed in this particular chapter. The selection of optimal nattokinase producing strain was the crucial starting element for improvement of nattokinase production. Genetic engineering, protein engineering, fermentation optimization and process control have been proved to be the effective strategies for enhancement of nattokinase production. Also, extraction and purification of nattokinase are critical for the quality evaluation of nattokinase. Finally, the prospect of microbial nattokinase production was also discussed regarding the recent progress, challenge, and trends in this field.     

纳豆激酶基因的克隆及其在枯草杆菌中的表达

为研究纳豆激酶（nattokinase,NK)的生物化学性质,以纳豆芽胞杆菌基因组DNA为模板,PCR扩增包含启动子及3‘端非翻译区的纳豆激酶全长基因序列。经鉴定后构建大肠杆菌－枯草杆菌穿梭表达质粒pBLNK,转化蛋白缺陷型枯草杆菌,筛选表达菌株。表达株培养15h后收集培养上清液,SDS－PAGE分析证实表达产物后,用超滤浓缩、分子筛、离子交换等步骤分离纯化重组NK,每升发酵液得纯度达95％的重组NK约100mg,比活性达12000u/mg。     

Rapid Hydrolysis Pathway for a Tertiary Alcohol Ester through Intramolecular Transesterification in Rats

A specific and sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was developed for nattokinase, a subtilisin-like fibrinolytic enzyme in the fermented soybean food, natto. The assay method was developed using a combination of a murine anti-nattokinase monoclonal antibody coated on the microtiter well as a catching antibody and rabbit anti-nattokinase polyclonal antibody as a peroxidase-conjugated detecting antibody. The assay sensitivity was 0.1 ng/ml and cross-reactivity with subtilisin BPN′ and subtilisin Carlsberg was 0.0002% and 0.00002%, respectively. The ELISA value reflected the fibrinolytic activity of nattokinase. The correlation coefficient between nattokinase measured by a fibrinolytic assay and by the ELISA in 14 commercially available natto extracts was 0. 967, suggesting that nattokinase is the only fibrinolytic enzyme in natto.