甘肃省啮齿动物区系及地理区划的研究

甘肃啮齿动物有87种(含7亚种),隶2目9科41属。可将甘肃划分6个省：1．陇东高原省,有28种(含l亚种),2．中部黄土高原省,有30种;3．河西走廊省,有36种,三趾心颅跳鼠和短耳沙鼠为本省特有种;4．祁连山地省,有29种,高原高山鼠和银白高山鼠为本省特有种;5．甘南高原草原省,有34种,棕背鼾和普通田鼠为本省特有种,6．陇南山地省,有34种,豪猪和巢鼠为本省特有种。     

四川短尾鼩（Anourosorex squamipes)种群动态研究

四川短尾鼩(Anourosorex squmipes)的怀孕期在每年的4、7 、9月,种群数量高峰为6月和10～11月。其种群数量的消长可分为种群潜伏期(3-4月)、盛发期(6、8、9月)、始衰期(10-11月)、凋落期(12、1、2月)以及数量间歇期(7月)和繁殖间歇期(5月)。该兽在田间是以个体群为基础的聚集型分布格局,并有高密度时低聚集和低密度时高聚集的分布特征。     

人工饲养条件下高原鼠兔生长和发育的初步研究

本文研究了人工饲养条件下高原鼠兔的生长发育情况,并和其他种鼠兔的生长作了比较。室内高原鼠兔比野外的生长快,人工饲养的阿富汗鼠兔和北美鼠兔生长期短,成熟早。     

应用阴茎骨形态指标划分黑腹绒鼠年龄的研究

用雄性阴茎骨近支基底高作频数分配将黑腹绒鼠指名亚种划分为5个年龄组,对各年龄组的体长、阴茎骨近支长和阴茎骨近支基底宽作t检验和F检验均有显著差异或极显著差异．表明以阴茎骨近支基底高划分黑腹绒鼠年龄组是可行的。     

A MENI0RIAL T0 THE FAM0US CHINESE GE0B0TANIST PROF. ZHU YAN-CHEN

The Yunnan University, Kunming Institute of Botany, Academia Sinica, on December 5, 1980, 1ost its staff member through 30 years and more,the Senior Professor of Plant Ecology and Geo- botany,Head of Geobotanical Laboratory, (Yun- nan University),President the Yunnan Botanical Society, Editor of Acta Botanica Yunnanica, etc     

醋虫(Anguilluina aceti Ehrbg)生活周期的各阶段及其受实验形态的影响

“醋虫生活周期的各个阶段及其受实验形态的影响”是贝时璋先生上世纪20年代在德国土滨根大学动物研究所读书时的博士论文,发表在1928年出版的德国《动物科学学报》第131卷,是贝时璋先生科学生涯中的第二篇学术论文,也是当时国际上关于动物胚胎发育和细胞分化研究领域的一篇重要论文。论文系统地研究了醋虫(线虫的一种)的生活周期。他通过实验形态学方法,确定了生活周期不同阶段上体细胞群和体细胞自身的潜力。在这篇论文中,贝时璋先生提出了一个当时在生物学界有重要影响的论点:稳定动物在任何生长阶段都不具备再生能力,只在进展期有细胞质的修复;细胞常数只适用于稳定期,进入细胞常数后,细胞便丧失了修复能力。贝时璋先生的这篇论文虽然撰写于75年前,今天读起来仍会被其中体现的严谨治学和创新精神所感染。贝时璋先生75年前用线虫作为他的研究材料。50年后,英国生物学家J. Sulston、H. R. Horvitz和美国生物学家S. Brenner用线虫(Caenorhaditiselegans)作为研究材料,发现了细胞凋亡(或称细胞程序性死亡)现象,并因此荣获2002年度诺贝尔生理及医学奖。现已证明:线虫是研究细胞分裂和器官发育,以及将不同的基因突变与其对器官发育的特异性影响联系起来的一种极好的模式系统。75年前,贝时璋先生就选择了这     

Seed size variation in the palm Euterpe edulis and the effects of seed predators on germination and seedling survival

Intraspecific variation in seed size is common in wild plant populations and has important consequences for the reproductive success of individual plants. Multiple, often conflicting evolutionary forces mediated by biotic as well as abiotic agents may maintain such a variation. In this paper we assessed seed size variation in a population of the threatened, commercially important palm Euterpe edulis in southeast Brazil. We investigated (i) how this variation affects the probability of attack by vertebrate and invertebrate post-dispersal seed predators, and (ii) if seed size influences the outcome of seeds damaged by beetles in terms of seed germination and early survival of seedlings. Euterpe edulis seeds varied in diameter from 8.3 to 14.1 mm. Neither insects nor rodents selected the seeds they preyed upon based on seed size. Seed germination and total, shoot and root biomasses of one-year seedlings were significantly and positively affected by seed size. Root biomass and seedling survival were negatively affected by seed damage caused by a scolytid beetle (Coccotrypes palmarum) whose adults bore into seeds to consume part of the endosperm, but do not oviposit on them. Seed size had a marginally significant effect on seedling survival. Therefore, if any advantage is accrued by E. edulis individuals producing large seeds, this is because of greater seed germination success and seedling vigor. If this is so, even a relatively narrow range of variation in seed size as observed in the E. edulis population studied may translate into differential success of individual plants.     

Morph-specific differences in reproductive success in the distylous Primula veris in a context of habitat fragmentation

Heterostylous self-incompatible plant species are particularly sensitive to habitat fragmentation and to disruption of pollination processes because of the need of intermorph cross-pollination for producing seeds. Heterostyly is characterized by sexual polymorphism through the occurrence of two (distyly) or three (tristyly) morph types that differ in floral traits (style length and anther position). We examined whether the long-styled (pin) and short-styled (thrum) morph types show differences in reproductive components and responses to habitat fragmentation in the distylous, self-incompatible perennial herb Primula veris. We documented reproductive components for pin and thrum individuals and their relationships with population size, plant density and morph ratio (pin frequency), in nine populations from Flanders (northern Belgium) located in fragmented habitats of the intensively used agricultural landscape. Seed abortion increased in small populations as a result of inbreeding depression. Fruit set increased with plant density. Seed set was positively related to pin proportion. Seed set was higher for pin than thrum in small populations, but lower in large populations. Two hypotheses can be considered to explain these morph-specific differences: a pollen transfer asymmetry, and a reproductive advantage for the partially self-compatible pin morph. Morph types appear to respond differently to habitat fragmentation constraints. A floral morph type showing partial self-compatibility may be favored in populations under pollination failure, because it can increase reproductive success and mating opportunities through intramorph crosses.     

贝时璋先生重要活动年表

童年、少年1903年10月10日,生于浙江省镇海县(今宁波市镇海区)北乡憩桥镇。祖父是贫苦渔民,父亲是店员。1911年春,进镇海县憩桥镇进修学堂。1913年秋,进修学堂停办,进镇海县贵驷桥宝善学堂。1915年秋,进湖北汉口德华学校。1917年德华学校改为汉口第一中学。1918年冬,汉口第一中学停办。1919年春,进上海同济医工专门学校(同济大学前身)德文科。秋,升入上海同济医工专门学校医预科。留学德国八年1921年秋,同济医工专门学校医预科毕业后,赴德留学,进德国福莱堡大学。1922年秋,转德国慕尼黑大学。1923年秋,转德国土滨根大学,不但学习了生物学的…     

贝时璋先生主要论著目录

[1] 贝时璋. 醋虫的生活周期. Lebenszyklus der AnguillulaacetiEhrbg. Zool. Anz., Bd. 74, 1927[2] 贝时璋. 醋虫生活周期的各阶段及其受实验形态的影响. Die Phasen des Lebenszyklus der AnguillulaacetiEhrbg. und ihre experimentellmorphologische Beeinflussung. Zeitschr. f. wiss. Zool. Bd. 131, 1928, 293~344[3] 贝时璋. 轮虫的再生实验. Regenerationsversuche an Brachionuspala(Rotatorien), Science Reports of National University Chekiang, 1933[4] 贝时璋. 细胞常数与再生的关系问题. Das problem der …