小麦叶片中叶绿体细胞分裂素结合蛋白的定位

小麦叶片中叶绿体细胞分裂素结合蛋白的定位张华敏,刘愚,王美琪,沈允钢（中国科学院上海植物生理研究所,上海２０００３２）关键词：小麦叶片细胞,ＣＴＫ结合蛋白,放射自显影,胶体金自从Ｂｅｒｒｉｄｇｅ等（１９７０）首次在高等植物的核糖体上发现了细胞分裂素（...     

牛脑中神经特异性S-100蛋白的纯化及鉴定

牛脑充分匀浆后经三次硫酸铵分级沉淀,再通过一次DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B层析柱,线性梯度洗脱后共收集4个峰洗脱液。PAGE分析(7.5％凝胶)显示第3峰为单一区带;免疫双扩散证实该洗脱液中蛋白为S-100蛋白。SDS-PAG E分析显示S-100蛋白分子量约为10kD;非还原条件下,凝胶过滤(Sephadex G-75)显示S-100蛋白位于MW为20kD区域。认为该纯化方法简便、快速,可获得较高纯度的S-100蛋白,活性高达1∶128以上,完全能满足进一步研究之用。     

大豆叶片中G6P脱氢酶抑制蛋白的纯化与鉴定

G6P脱氢酶(G6PDH)是氧化的戊糖磷酯途径中的第一个酶,它广泛存在于C_3、C_4、CAM植物和藻类植物体中(Herbert等1979)。在叶绿体和细胞质中都有分布。前人对该酶有较多研究(Dennis 和 Miernyk1982,Fickenscher 和 Scheibe 1986,     

猪乳中一高分子量蛋白质的分离纯化和鉴定

对猪乳中一高分子量蛋白(HMWP)进行了分离纯化,并对其某些生化性质进行了鉴定。猪乳通过去脂得到脱脂乳,再去除酪蛋白得到乳清。对乳清进行硫酸铵分级盐析,猪乳中HMWP在40％饱和度硫酸铵盐析下有最大沉淀。收集40％饱和度硫酸铵盐析沉淀,经过溶解、透析得到HMWP的粗品。通过Mono Q离子交换柱,对其粗品进行两次层析提纯,得到了HMWP纯品,其纯度和得率分别为97．85％和12．31％。多种植物凝集素的Western blotting鉴定表明,HMWP是一个糖基种类较少的糖蛋白,含有Man和GlcNAc。SDS-PAGE和凝胶过滤分别测得HMWP的分子量为114．8kD和115．0kD。通过等电点测定,HMWP的pI为5．10。HMWP的氨基酸组分分析得知,其富含Asp、Glu、Gly和Cys,疏水性氨基酸较低,仅占15．59％摩尔分数。这些结果说明HMWP是一个易溶于水的、酸性的分泌性单体球蛋白。N端氨基酸序列测定结果为Ala-Leu-Val—Gln-Ser-Gty-Leu-Ash-Leu-Val,通过从网络Genbank检索没有发现其同源蛋白的序列,说明其可能是一个新蛋白。     

激素对枸杞体细胞胚发生及可溶性蛋白质含量和组分的影响

以宁夏枸杞无菌苗叶片为材料,对体细胞胚发生过程中激素作用、可溶性蛋白质变化及体细胞胚发生频率进行了研究。发现不同激素处理、可溶性蛋白质含量、组分和体细胞胚发生频率均有一定的差异,三者之间存在着相关性。结果如下：（１）ＭＳ＿１、ＭＳ＿２和ＭＳ＿３三种培养基上继代的愈伤组织难以诱导形成体细胞胚,为非胚性愈伤组织;而从ＭＳ＿１、ＭＳ＿２和ＭＳ＿３分别转到ＭＳ＿０和ＭＳ＿４培养基上的愈伤组织体细胞胚发生频率高,属于胚性愈伤组织。其中以ＭＳ＿３转至ＭＳ＿０后的体细胞胚发生频率最高。（２）可溶性蛋白质ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ分析表明：非胚性愈伤组织有特异性蛋白质６７ｋＤ,胚性愈伤组织有特异性蛋白质３５ｋＤ和４４ｋＤ;蛋白质３３ｋＤ和６７ｋＤ受２,４－Ｄ调控,蛋白质４９ｋＤ、５７ｋＤ受６ＢＡ调控,而蛋白质３７ｋＤ、５１ｋＤ受２,４－Ｄ和６ＢＡ协同调控。     

一种改进的纯化和鉴定牛脑皮层Gs蛋白的方法

用１％胆酸钠和１５％孢和硫酸铵相结合的方法,从牛脑皮层细胞膜中抽提得到主要含激活型Ｇ－蛋白和腺苷酸环化酶两种蛋白组分的制剂,然后通过Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ６Ｂ柱将两者分开,将含Ｇｓ高活力的级分用庚胺－Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ４Ｂ柱进一步分离,即可获得高活力的Ｇｓ,ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ显示为分子量４５０００和３６０００的两条蛋白带,该法具简便,快速,重复性好、产率高等优点,且可同时获得无Ｇｓ污染的ＡＣ。用无Ｇｓ污     

菠菜叶片蔗糖磷酸合成酶的纯化

经硫酸铵分部沉淀,DEAE-纤维素(DE 52),Sepharose 6B和 AH—4B连续三次柱层析,得到纯化88倍电泳均一的菠菜叶片蔗糖磷酸合成酶。电泳分析该酶分子量为490 kD,是由八个分子量为60 kD的相同亚基组成的寡聚体,等电点为PI=4.l,其最适pH值为6.9。     

黄精凝集素Ⅱ的纯化及部分性质研究

囊丝黄精（ＰｏｌｙｇｏｎａｔｕｍｃｙｒｔｏｎｅｍａＨｕａ．）的根状茎,经浸取、用硫酸铵分级沉淀、猪甲状腺球蛋白－Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ４Ｂ柱亲和层析、ＣＭ－Ｓｅｐｈａｒｏｓｅ柱离子交换层析和ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－１００凝胶过滤,可以分离纯化出黄精凝集素Ⅱ（ＰＣＬⅡ）．纯化的ＰＣＬⅡ在聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳中显示单一蛋白染色带;在快速高效液相色谱中亦为单一蛋白峰,经分子筛层析测得分子量为１５．９ｋＤ,最大紫外吸收值在２７８ｎｍ,ＰＣＬⅡ只凝集兔红细胞,当浓度为０．２５μｇ／ｍｌ时,即可发生凝集反应,此凝集兔红细胞的能力可被Ｄ－甘露糖和猪甲状腺球蛋白所抑制．氨基酸组成分析表明ＰＣＬⅡ分子中富含酸性氨基酸,Ｎ末端为丙氨酸．经测定ＰＣＬⅡ分子中含有３个色氨酸和２．４％的中性糖．原子发射光谱分析表明,该凝集素分子中含有Ｍｇ和Ｃａ两种金属元素．     

亚洲玉米螟幼虫血清中酚氧化酶原的性

采用40%硫酸铵沉淀、Blue Sepharose CL-6B亲和层析和Phenyl Sepharose CL-4B疏水层析等方法,从亚洲玉米螟Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée) 幼虫血清中分离纯化了酚氧化酶原。酚氧化酶原全酶相对分子量约为158 kD,亚基相对分子量约为80 kD和78 kD。酚氧化酶原为糖蛋白,该酶原易被0.1 mmol/L CPC (氯代十六烷基吡啶)、 50%甲醇、 1 mg/mL昆布多糖和1 mg/mL胰蛋白酶激活。该酶反应的最适pH为7.0,最适温度为25～30℃,Ca²⁺和Mg²⁺可增强该酶的活性。     

Purification and characterization of Moschatin, a novel type I ribosomeinactivating protein from the mature seeds of pumpkin （Cucurbita moschata）, and preparation of its immunotoxin against human melanoma cells

A novel ribosome-inactivating protein designated Moschatin from the mature seeds of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) has been successively purified to homogeneity, using ammonium sulfate precipitation, CM-cellulose 52 column chromatography, Blue Sepharose CL-6B Affinity column chromatography and FPLC size-exclusion column chromatography. Moschatin is a type 1 RIP with a pI of 9.4 and molecular weight of-29 kD. It is a rRNA Nglycosidase and potently blocked the protein synthesis in the rabbit reticulocyte lysate with a ICs0 of 0.26 nM. Using the anti-human melanoma McAb Ng76, a novel immunotoxin Moschatin-Ng76 was prepared successfully and it efficiently inhibited the growth of targeted melanoma cells M21 with a IC50 of 0.04 nM, 1500 times lower than that of free Moschatin. The results implied that Moschatin could be used as a new potential anticancer agent.     

牛脑皮层G_i的纯化及其与AC的偶联

用1％胆酸钠和20％饱和度的硫酸铵抽提牛脑皮层细胞膜得到含G蛋白和腺苷酸环化酶（AC）的制剂,通过Sepharose6B柱将两者分开,再将含G蛋白的级分用庚胺-Sepharose4B疏水柱、羟基磷灰石柱将其它亚型的G蛋白（主要是Gs和Go）从抑制型G蛋白（Gi）中除去,获得纯化的高活力的Gi,其GTP结合活力为17．6nmol／mg,比细胞膜Gi活力提高50倍;并具有较高的产率,从1g膜蛋白中可获得0．66mg的Gi,同时可获得无G蛋白污染的AC和少量的Gs蛋白．SDS-PAGE显示分子量为41000和36000的两条蛋白带,证实是Gi的α基和β亚基．进一步用重建脂酶体的方法检测Gi对AC的抑制作用,结果显示Gi对AC活力的抑制达40％左右,表明CAMP信息跨膜转导通路中Gi与AC之间具有较好偶联功能．     

球形芽孢杆菌Ts—1毒蛋白的分离纯化

Bacillus sphaericus strain Ts-1 is highly insecticidal to larvae of the mosquito. It's insecticidal component is toxic proteins. The toxin was extracted from spore-crystal complexes by disruption in a Sonicator Cell Disruptor Model W-220F followed by treatment with 0.05 mol/L NaOH. Fraction recovered from chromatography of the spore-crystal complexes on column of Sephadex G-200 were assayed against mosquito larvae and the toxic fractions from gel chromatography were subjected to SDS-PAGE. The toxic proteins in B. sphaericus Ts-1 spore-crystal complex migrated in position corresponding to 42kD and 43kD. Bioassay of the two purified proteins prepared by PAGE indicated that they were all toxic to mosquito larvae. Toxic protein was further purified by DEAE-cellulose chromatography. The toxic protein with a molecular weight of 42kD was obtained.     

大豆叶片衰老过程中质膜蛋白激酶自磷酸化状态和催化活性的变化

以大豆幼苗初生叶为材料研究了衰老过程中质膜蛋白激酶自磷酸化状态和催化活性的变化。结果发现质膜上一个57kD的蛋白激酶分子上有多个自磷酸化位点,而且自磷酸化反应能提高该酶催化组蛋白H1磷酸化的激酶活力。进一步的研究表明诱导衰老处理造成的57kD蛋白激酶自磷酸化状态的变化,可能对调节它在衰老过程中催化活性的变化起重要作用;而外源6-BA预处理则能够维持57kD蛋白激酶体内高自磷酸化状态,保持该激酶在衰老过程中的催化活力。对衰老和6-BA处理过程中质膜上39和47kD蛋白激酶自磷酸化状态变化的研究表明,这两种激酶可能参与大豆叶片对6-BA刺激信号的传导和/或应答反应过程。     

Identification and partial characterization of the allergenic proteins of Ricinus communis L. pollen - a new approach

The pollen of Ricinus communis L., a potentially allergenic plant, was extracted to identify the allergenic determinants responsible for causing respiratory disorders. The soluble proteins were extracted and subjected to ammonium sulphate precipitation at 80% saturation and the total protein separated on 12% SDS-Polyacrylamide gel. In order to avoid the time consuming and expensive biochemical methods of column chromatography, each band was directly recovered from the gel by electroelution and the allergenic proteins identified directly by skin tests, without the necessity of Phadezym RAST or ELISA inhibition by reaction with serum IgE, the general procedure to identify the allergens. The fourth and the fifth band in the protein profile of R. communis pollen, RC4 (77 kD) and RC5 (66 kD) were the two major allergenic components. RC3 (91 kD) also induced a considerable amount of reactivity in sensitive patients. Contrary to the earlier reports of protein bands of R. communis ranging from 14 kD to 70 kD, 4 bands above 70 kD i.e. RC1 (123 kD), RC2 (97 kD), RC3 (91 kD) and RC4 (77 kD) are reported here for the first time. Immunodiffusion analysis with pooled sera of patients sensitive to the total extract also revealed similar results.     

Cytokinin Binding Proteins from Phaseolus vulgaris Hypocotyls

t-Zeatin (t-Z) and isopentenyladenosine (iPA) occur naturally as highly active plant cell division regulators, t-Z-Sepherose-4B and iPA-Sepherose-4B affinity column were constructed to isolate and purify the cytokinin-binding proteins from etiolated hypocotyl of Phaseolus vulgaris. Two kinds of cytokinin-binding proteins were obtained. One was 15.5 kD in molecular weight (named ZBP) with only one peptide. The other (named IBP), 165 kD in molecular weight, contained two different subunits (40 kD and 43 kD respectively). The binding activity of ZBP was tested and the dissociation constant (Kd) was determined to be 3.2 × 10-7 mol/L. There was one binding site for t-Z in each molecule of ZBP.     

Cytokinin-binding proteins from tobacco callus share homology with osmotin-like protein and an endochitinase

To study the signal transduction of cytokinins, we characterized cytokinin-binding proteins (CBPs) isolated from tobacco callus Nicotiana tabacum. Two high-affinity CBPs, CBP1 and CBP2, were isolated from the soluble fraction of tobacco callus BY-2 cells by anion exchange chromatography on a DEAE-cellulose column and affinity chromatography on a benzyladenine (BA)-linked Sepharose 4B column. Cytokinin-binding activity was determined by the equilibrium dialysis method. The degree of purification of CBP1 and CBP2 was 270 and 600-fold, respectively. These proteins had molecular masses of 34 kDa and 26 kDa, and to bind benzyladenine (BA) with dissociation constants (Kd) of 8.9 x 10(-6) M and 1.1 x 10(-6) M, respectively. Binding of BA to CBP2 was inhibited by zeatin and kinetin but not by adenine, adenosine, ATP or IAA. The optimum pH for binding of BA to CBP1 and CBP2 was approximately pH 6.5 and 7.5, respectively. CBP1 showed significant homology (90%) with endochitinase and CBP2 with osmotin-like protein (OLP). These findings and the results of immunoblotting analysis and cytokinin-binding assay of recombinant OLP indicated that CBP2 is OLP, a stress protein.     

钙蛋白酶抑制蛋白功能结构域Ⅳ在大肠杆菌中的表达、纯化及其抗血清的制备

为了研究钙蛋白酶系统在细胞发育及其它生理过程的功能 .应用 PCR从鼠钙蛋白酶抑制蛋白 ( calpastatin) c DNA中扩增了保守的具有功能的结构域 ( 40 4 bp) ,克隆于 p GEX- KG载体 .重组质粒 p GEX- Calp4在大肠杆菌中经 IPTG诱导可表达分子量约 4 5 k D融合蛋白 GST- Galp4 .诱导表达后的菌体超声裂解液经谷胱甘肽 - Sepharose4 B亲和层析柱得到纯化的 GST- Calp4融合蛋白 ,纯度达电泳纯 .纯化的 GST- Calp4免疫兔 8周后 ,抗血清的效价达 1∶ 64 .Western- blot分析表明制备的抗血清确实可以与肌细胞中分子量为 1 4 0 k D左右蛋白 (亦即完整 calpastatin)发生特异的免疫交叉反应 ,此表明实验获得了高特异性多克隆抗体     

Isolation and Purification of ABA Binding Protein from Abaxial Epiderm of Vicia faba Leaf

Abscisic acid (ABA) was efficiently cross-linked to Sepharose 4B (6 ~8 mmol ABA/L gel) by an ann of 10-atom carbon chain. Solubilized ABA-BP (ABA binding protein) was allowed to bind to the gel, while unrelated proteins were removed by washing with a gradient of NaC1 buffer. The ABA-BP was eluted with 1 mmol/L ABA. Since ABA at high concemration can interfere with both the binding activity assay and protein analysis, the fractions eluted with ABA were passed through a Sephadex G-25 column to remove the ABA. Fractions containing the binding activity were pooled, concentrated with uhm-fihration. The maximum binding capacity (BMAX) of the purified ABA-BP was 58.33 nmol/g protein, and the Kd was 21 nmol/L, with an approximately 112 folds increase of purity. SDS-PAGE identification of the purified ABA-BP revealed a major protein band with a molecular weight of about 44.2 kD, and a purity of approximately 90 %.     

Functional Similarities of Recombinant OLP and Cytokinin-Binding Protein 2

CBP1 and CBP2 are cytokinin-binding proteins isolated from tobacco callus. In particularly, CBP2 is a 26-kDa protein with high affinity (Kd=1.08×10^-6M) for cytokinin[Kobayashi et al. Plant Cell Physiol. 41(2): 148-157 (2000)] and the N-terminal amino acid analysis of CBP2 showed high sequence homology (92.9%) to tobacco osmotin-like protein (OLP). To compare the properties of OLP and CBP2, recombinant OLP was purified, and binding to benzyladenine (BA) was examined. The inclusion bodies of recombinant OLP were solubilized in 8 M urea and purified on an SP-Sepharose column. SDS-PAGE analysis of the purified recombinant OLP revealed a single band of 26 kDa. The Kd of solublized recombinant OLP to BA obtained from a Scachard plot was 1.10×10^-6M, which was similar to the Kd of CBP2 to BA (1.08×10^-6M).     

越冬松针瘿蚊幼虫整体携脂蛋白 的分离和纯化

采用KBr密度梯度超速离心并结合常规Sepharose CL-4B凝胶柱层析,从越冬松针瘿蚊Thecodiplosis japonensis(Uchida et Inouye) 幼虫整体中,分离并纯化了一种携脂蛋白。这是第二例从昆虫整体分离并纯化出携脂蛋白的报道。采用凝胶柱层析确定该携脂蛋白的相对分子质量为638 kD,它是由分别为240 kD和52 kD的两个亚基组成 。整体分子中含有52.8%的蛋白和47.2%的脂类 。苏丹黑B和希夫氏试剂染色显示阳性,说明它是一种糖脂复合蛋白。采用超速离心确定它的密度为1.11 g/mL,表明它是一种高密度的脂蛋白。