On the Type of the Genus Yinshania (Cruciferae)

When the genus Yinshania Ma et Y. Z. Zhao was published, it had only a single species, Y. albiflora Ma et Y. Z. Zhao which was indicated as the type of the genus (Acta Phytotax. Sin. 1979). Y. Z. Zhao 155. was indicated as the type specimen of Y. albiflora. It is adequate to cite Y. albiflora Ma et Y. Z. Zhao as the type of genus Yinshania Ma et Y. Z. Zhao. In a revision (Acta Phytotax. Sin. 25(3): 204-219, 1987) Y. H. Zhang made a combintion, Yinshania acutangula (O. E. Schulz) Y. H. Zhang (=Cochlearia acutangula O. E. Schulz) and reduced Yinshania albiflora Ma et Y. Z. Zhao as a variety of Y. acutangula,i. e. Y. acutangula var. albiflora (Ma et Y. Z. Zhao) Y. H. Zhang. She is uncorrect, however, when she cited Y. acutangula (O. E. Schulz) Y. H . Zhang as the type of the genus Yinshania Ma et Y. Z. Zhao. It should be cited as follows: Yinshania Ma et Y. Z. Zhao Typus generis: Yinshania albiflora Ma et Y. Z. Zhao (=Yinshania acutangula(O. E. Schulz) Y. H. Zhang var. albiflora (Ma et Y. Z. Zhao) Y. H. Zhang)     

A Revision of Genus Yinshania (Cruciferae)

The genus Yinshania was established by Ma Yu-chuan and Zhao Yi-zhi in 1979, when only one species, Y. albiflora Ma et Y. Z. Zhao, was discribed from Nei Monggol. In the present paper the genus Yinshania is revised and four new species, two new varieties and four new combinetions are reported. There are so far eight species and two varieties in total in this genus. Important morphological characters of the genus are analysed, which shows that the lateral nectariferous glands positioned at lateral base of the brevistamens are triangularovoid; there are dense minute pustules on the surface of valves, which is easily neglected because the pustules disappear or shrinked when dry; simple or furcate hairs are present in the most species, seldom absent; the shape of pollen grains is relatively steady, elliptic or long-elliptic, with the polar view trifidcircular, the equatorial view elliptic or long elliptic, the aperture 3-colpate, exine reticular. The type of genus Yinshania is changed. Cochlearia acutangula O. E. Schulz was published in 1929, but Y. albiflora Ma et Y. Z. Zhao in 1979. They are the same species and a new combinetion, Y. acutangula (O. E. Schulz) Y. H. Zhang, is made. Thus, the type of genus Yinshania should be changed to Y. acutangula (O. E. Schulz) Y. H. Zhang. Besides, He Ye-qi 6121 (paratype, PE), which is different from Y. acutangula var. albiflora, is separated from it and transferred the typical variety, Y. acutangula. According to the characters of fruit shape the genus Yinshania is divided into two sections, namely, Sect. Microcarpa and Sect. Yinshania, and then Sect. Yinshania is subdivided into two series. Sect. 1. Microcarpa. Silicles widely ovoid or subglobose, 1-2.2 mm long, 0.8-2.2 mm wide, the ratio of length and width about 1.1. Sect. 2. Yinshania. Silicles oblong, oblong-ovoid or long-lanceolate, ellipsoidal, 1.5-4.5 mm long, 0.3-1.5 mm wide, the ratio of length and width about 2.5-3.3. Ser. 1. Henryanae. Raches flexuose; plants densely hairy; leaves 3-5-foliolate, seldom pinnatipartite or pinnatisect. Ser. 2. Yinshania. Raches non flexuose; plants sparsely hairy; leaves pinnatisect or pinnatipartite. The genus Yinshania is a genus endemic to China, with their range from eastern Xizang to western Hubei from northern Guizhou to central Nei Monggol. The taxa are mostly of a small area. Sect. Microcarpa is concentrated in Sichuan and southern Gansu; Sect. Yinshania is spread from Xizang and Sichuan, nouthwards to Gansu, Ningxia, Shanxi, Hebei and Nei Monggol (Ser. Yinshania); and from Sichuan south-eastwards to Guizhou and Hebei (Ser. Henryanae). There are five species in Sichuan. The present paper conjectures that the distribution centre of the genus is in the Hengduan Mountains and its adjacent areas.     

阴山荠属的研究

本文为阴山荠属和泡果荠属的分类研究提供了染色体数目试验结果。受试种类按染色体数目的分异形成两大类群,与按形态地理分类法得出的结果一致。阴山荠属(Yinshania):柔毛阴山荠Y.henryi,2n=12;叉毛阴山荠Y.fur-catopilosa,2n=12;乾宁阴山荠Y.qianningensis,2n=12;泡果荠属(Hiliela):昌化泡果荠H.changhuaensis.2n=42,奇异泡果荠H.paradoxa,2n=42;双牌泡果荠H.shuangpaiensis,2n=44;弯缺泡果荠H.sinuata,2n=44;黟县泡果荠H.yixianensis,2n=42。染色体数目结合形态学和地理分布研究,支持两属作为各自独立的属存在。本属是中国特有分布属,形态演化研究表明,本属阴山荠组是较原始的类群,小果组是较进化的类群。文中讨论了属中各种的分布规律和全属的分布特点,认为川西及其邻近地区是本属多样化中心和近代分布区中心,本属可能是从该地区,并随着新生代第三纪喜马拉雅造山运动和青藏高原的崛起,以及第四纪冰期、间冰期的迭次变化产生的全球性气候波动而分化迁移。本属基本上属亚热带、暖温带的半湿润半干旱生态类型。根据本属重要器官较稳定的特点,以及地区性特有成分较高的特点,认为本属是较古老的中国特有成分     

泡果荠属和阴山荠属（十字花科）的分属界限及两属的分类校订

泡果荠属Hilliella和阴山荠属Yinshania是十字花科中国特有的两小群植物,但是,它们的分属界定却一直颇有争议。本文结合前人的研究结果重新对这两群植物做了研究,从而进一步确认这两群植物应该界定为两个属,即泡果荠属和阴山荠属。文中比较了两属间重要的性状特征,并指出它们的主要区别在于:泡果荠属果实无假隔膜,种子较大,表面具小瘤状突起,染色体倍性为六倍体（2n=6x=42）;而阴山荠属果实有假隔膜,种子较小,表面具网纹,染色体倍性为二倍体（2n=2x=12）。两属其他方面如叶形态、叶表皮结构、被毛类型     

贵州植物区系增补Ⅱ

报道了贵州种子植物地理分布新记录属2个,即獐耳细辛属Hepatica Mill.、扭柄花属Streptopus Michx..新记录种14个,即金佛铁线莲Clematis gratopsis W.T.Wang、川鄂獐耳细辛Hepatica henryi (Oliv.) Steward、网脉唐松草Thalictrum reticulatum Franch.、阴山荠Yinshania acutangula (O.E.Schulz) Y.H.Zhang、大花杠柳Periploca tsiangii D.Fang et H.Z.Ling、钻萼唇柱苣苔Chirita subulatisepala W.T.Wang、南川橐吾Ligularia nanchuanica S.W.Liu、鸢尾叶风毛菊Saussurea romuleifolia Franch.、圆叶风毛菊Saussurea rotundifolia Chen、莲座狗舌草Tephroseris changii B.Nord.、少花黄鹌菜Youngia szechuanica(Soderb.) S.Y.Hu、地杨梅Luzula campestris (L.) DC.、疏花粉条儿菜Aletris laxiflora Bur.et Franch.、小花扭柄花Streptopus parviflorus Franch..新记录变种2个,即扇叶虎耳草Saxifraga rufescens Balf.f.var.flabellifolia C.Y.Wu et J.T.Pan、空心柴胡Bupleurum longicaule Wall.ex DC.var.franchetii H.de Boiss.     

十字花科四属植物叶片的表皮特征

对十字花科岩荠属、阴山荠属、泡果荠属、棒毛荠 属植物的叶表皮特征进行了扫描电镜观察,结果表明：表皮细胞多为不规则形,气孔主要分布于表皮,垂周壁上有明显的波状嵴或沟槽状下陷,平周壁上有各咱条纹状角质层纹饰。这些微形态特征在属间有明显的类群特异性,又有一定的过渡类型,为岩荠属及近缘属的合理划分提供一定的证据。     

新疆棘豆属植物新资料

对野外采集的新疆棘豆属植物以及标本进行鉴定分析,结果表明:马尔洋黑毛棘豆是新变种,白花米尔克棘豆、白花冷棘豆、白花二裂棘豆、白花庞氏棘豆和白花小叶棘豆是5个新变型.短梗棘豆、长翼棘豆、鸟状棘豆和长苞黄花棘豆是新疆地理分布新记录.并对新变种马尔洋黑毛棘豆和长翼棘豆的果期特征进行了描述.     

Allozymic, morphological, and phenological diversity in cultivatedLuffa acutangula (Cucurbitaceae) from China, Laos, and Nepal, and Allozyme Divergence betweenL. acutangula andL. Aegyptiaca

The immature fruits of domesticated Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb. are a common vegetable in Asia and India. To learn more about traditional cultivars, accessions were collected from southern Yunnan Province of China, northern Laos, and southeastern Nepal, and assessed for various parameters of genetic diversity. The size and shape of the fruits and seeds varied considerably. A form that we found cultivated only in Nepal bore clusters of small fruits that are produced by hermaphrodite flowers. Plants produced male flowers first, and the first node to bear flowers varied from the second to the twenty-seventh. Twenty-nine allozyme loci were assayed. Within L. acutangula one allozyme locus was polymorphic. Luffa acutangula andL. aegyptiaca are fixed for different alleles at nine loci, indicating that they are completely reproductively isolated from each other.     

枸杞岛岩礁生境主要鱼类的食物组成及食物竞争

基于2009年3月-2010年2月枸杞岛沿岸岩礁生境渔业资源调查数据,对岩礁生境中的3种定居性鱼类（褐菖鲉、大泷六线鱼和斑头六线鱼）和3种非定居性鱼类（花鲈、黄姑鱼和小黄鱼）的食物组成及食物关系进行了研究.结果表明： 麦秆虫、钩虾、褐菖鲉幼鱼、鳀鱼和中国毛虾等是6种鱼类的主要饵料生物,且饵料组成随季节而变化.3种定居性鱼类中,大泷六线鱼和斑头六线鱼在秋季食物竞争激烈;3种非定居性鱼类中,黄姑鱼和小黄鱼在夏季食物竞争激烈;非定居性鱼类和定居性鱼类之间,黄姑鱼分别与褐菖鲉（秋季）和大泷六线鱼（冬季）食物竞争激烈.黄姑鱼是引起岩礁生境中6种主要鱼类食物竞争的关键鱼种.枸杞岛岩礁生境中6种主要鱼类的摄食活动对褐菖鲉幼鱼的资源量有一定影响.     

Larvicidal efficacy of some Cucurbitacious plant leaf extracts against Culex quinquefasciatus (Say)

Larvicidal efficacies of extracts of five species of Cucurbitacious plants, Momordica charantia, Trichosanthes anguina, Luffa acutangula, Benincasa cerifera and Citrullus vulgaris were tested against the late third larval age group of Culex quinquefasciatus. The larval mortality was observed after 24 h exposure. The LC50 values of M. charantia, T. anguina, L. acutangula, B. cerifera and C. vulgaris were 465.85, 567.81, 839.81, 1189.30 and 1636.04 ppm respectively.     

Delimitation and revision of Hilliella and Yinshania（Brassicaceae）

Taxonomic characters for delimitation of Hilliella and Yinshania are discussed. More attention in this study is paid to morphological delimitation of these two genera. The results of the study show that these two genera can be easily separated by two prim     

福建植物新资料（二）

在对福建的丹霞植被进行调查时,发现福建省被子植物分布新纪录6个,分别是：卵叶阴山荠Yinshania paradoxa、小花龙芽草 Agrimonia nipponica var. occidentalis、阔柱黄杨 Buxus latistyla、猫乳 Rhamnella franguloides、休宁小花苣苔Chiritopsis xiuningensis和宜昌苔草Carex ascocetra。标本存放于厦门大学植物本馆（AU）。     

阴山荠属和泡果荠属植物染色体数目及过氧化物酶同工酶的比较

阴山荠属和泡果荠属受试种类的染色体数目是：柔毛阴山荠（Ｙ．ｈｅｎｒｙｉ（Ｏｌｉｖ．）Ｙ．Ｈ．Ｚｈａｎｇ）２ｎ＝１２,叉毛阴山荠（Ｙ．ｆｕｒｃａｔｏｐｉｌｏｓａ（Ｋｕａｎ）Ｙ．Ｈ．Ｚｈａｎｇ）２ｎ＝１２,双牌泡果荠（Ｈ．ｓｈｕａｎｇｐａｉｅｎｓｉｓＺ．Ｙ．Ｌｉ）２ｎ＝４４,黟县泡果齐（Ｈ．ｙｉｃｉａｎｅｎｓｉｓＹ．Ｈ．Ｚｈａｎｇ）２ｎ＝４２,双牌泡果（Ｈ．ｐａｒｄｏｘａ（Ｈａｎｃｅ）Ｙ．Ｈ．Ｚｈａｎ     

阴山荠属,泡果荠属,棒毛荠属和岩荠属的扫描电镜观察

以阴山荠属、泡果荠属、棒毛荠属和岩荠属的18种植物取用实验材料,对果实外表皮、种子外种皮、毛和花粉粒等特征鉴别器官进行扫描电镜观察,提供36张照片资料,并以检索性状比较属间特征,证明该4属作为各自独立的属是恰当的。     

Isolation, macromolecular properties, and combining site of a chito-oligosaccharide-specific lectin from the exudate of ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula)

A lectin specific for chito-oligosaccharides from the exudate of ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula) fruits has been purified to homogeneity by affinity chromatography. The lectin has a molecular weight of 48,000, an S(0)20,w of 4.06 S and a Stokes radius of 2.9 nm. Upon sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, a single band corresponding to Mr of 24,000 was observed both in the presence and absence of beta-mercaptoethanol. The subunits in this dimeric lectin are, therefore, held together solely by noncovalent interactions. The lectin is not a glycoprotein, and secondary structure analysis by CD measurements showed 31% alpha-helix. The hemagglutinating activity of L. acutangula agglutinin was not inhibited by any of the monosaccharides tested. Among the disaccharides only di-N-acetylchitobiose was inhibitory. The inhibitory potency of chito-oligosaccharides increased dramatically with their size up to penta-N-acetylchitopentaose. The lectin has two binding sites for saccharides. The affinity of chito-oligosaccharides for L. acutangula lectin, as monitored by titrating the changes in the near UV-CD spectra and intrinsic fluorescence, increased strikingly with the number of GlcNAc units in them. The values of delta G, delta H, and delta S for the binding process showed a pronounced dependence on the size of the chito-oligosaccharides, indicating that the binding of higher oligomers is progressively more favored thermodynamically than di-N-acetylchitobiose. The thermodynamic data are consistent with an extended binding site in this lectin, which accommodates a tetrasaccharide.     

中国东北川续断科两个新变型

发表了东北产川续断科蓝盆花属两个新变型,即白花窄叶蓝盆花(Scabiosa comosa Fisch. ex Roem. et Schult. f. albiflora S. H. Liet S. Z. Liu)和白花华北蓝盆花(S. tschiliensis Grun. f. albiflora S. H. Liet S. Z. Liu).两个变型与原变型的主要区别为花为白色。     

Isolation of a ribosome-inactivating and abortifacient protein from seeds of Luffa acutangula

A glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 28,000 as estimated by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was isolated from seeds of Luffa acutangula using a procedure that involved acetone precipitation, ion exchange chromatography on CM Sepharose CL-6B and gel filtration on Sephadex G-50. In immunodiffusion studies it was found to be immunologically distinct from abortifacient proteins isolated from other members of the Cucurbitaceae family including Momordica charantia, Momordica cochinchinensis, Trichosanthes kirilowii and Trichosanthes cucumeroides. There were some differences in amino acid composition among the proteins although there was a gross similarity. The protein from L. acutangula was capable of inducing mid-term abortion in mice and inhibiting protein synthesis in a cell-free system.     

Revision of the genus Haniffia (Zingiberaceae)

The genus Haniffia is revised, in comprises two species of which one is described as new: H. albiflora from Thailand. Both species are illustrated.     

Chloroplast Movement in the Shade Plant Tradescantia albiflora Helps Protect Photosystem II against Light Stress

The role of high-light-induced chloroplast movement in the photoprotection of the facultative shade plant Tradescantia albiflora was investigated by comparison with pea (Pisum sativum L.) leaves, both grown in 50 [mu]mol photons m-2 s-1. Photoinactivation of photosystem II (PSII) in vivo was induced in 1.1% CO2 by varying either duration (0-2 h) of illumination (fixed at 1800 [mu]mol m-2 s-1) or irradiance (0-3000 [mu]mol m-2 s-1) at a fixed duration (1 h) after infiltration of leaves with water or lincomycin (an inhibitor of chloroplast-encoded protein synthesis). At all photon exposures, PSII of T. albiflora leaves showed a greater resistance to light stress than pea leaves, although both utilization of absorbed light by photosynthesis and psbA gene product synthesis were smaller than for pea leaves. This greater tolerance was not due to differences in PSII antenna size or the index of susceptibility of PSII to light stress, because these two parameters were comparable in both plants. However, the transmittance increase mediated by chloroplast movement was greater in T. albiflora than pea, resulting in a 10% decrease of absorbed light at high light. We suggest that the greater tolerance of PSII against light stress in T. albiflora may be partly ascribed to its light-induced chloroplast rearrangement.     

福建省被子植物1新记录属及5新记录种

报道福建省被子植物新记录1属和5种,即金缕梅属(Hamamelis L.)、金缕梅(Hamamelis mollis Oliver)、钟冠唇柱苣苔[Primulina swinglei(Merr.)Mich.Möller&A.Weber]、渥丹(Lilium concolor Salisb.)、弯缺阴山荠[Yinshania sinuata(K.C.Kuan)Al-Shehbaz et al.]、红辣槁树(Cinnamomum kwangtungense Merr.)。凭证标本保存于福建农林大学林学院树木标本室(FJFC)。