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1.
本研究对岛衣型真菌Allocetraria ambigua,Allocetraria stracheyi,Nephromopsis pallescens和Tuckneraria laureri的核rDNA ITS序列进行了测定,并结合来自Genbank中的其它21种岛衣型真菌的核rDNAITS序列进行了同源性分析。分析所用软件为DNAMAN。结果发现,Cetraria、Allocetraria、Vulpicida、Flavocetraira、Tuckermannopsis和Kaernefeltia之间rDNAITS的同源性关系非常密切。这同岛衣型地衣现有细分的小属观点相矛盾。这种矛盾可能是由于持小属观点的作者在分属时对个别表型性状加权的结果。 相似文献
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桑黄真菌分子鉴定及遗传多样性分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
药用真菌桑黄具有明显的抗肿瘤、抗氧化、增强免疫等药理活性,但研究者对其基源还没有达成共识,多种Phellinus属真菌被当作桑黄入药使用。采用rDNA ITS序列分析技术,对桑黄真菌进行分子鉴定及遗传多样性分析。通过rDNA ITS序列分析,成功鉴定出一份混淆样品(Phellinus spp-04),并将中国主要使用的桑黄真菌明确鉴定为P.baumii和P.linteus两种,未检测到P.igniarius的使用。依据rDNA ITS序列计算遗传距离并构建系统发育树,结果表明3种主要桑黄真菌存在明显的遗传分化,在系统发育树中明确聚为3个独立菌种类群。在3种桑黄真菌rDNA ITS序列中,存在颠换、转换及插入/缺失3种类型的变异位点,分别在P.linteus、P.baumii和P.igniarius中鉴定出9、9、8种rDNA ITS单倍型序列,不同单倍型菌种间遗传分歧度变化表现出明显的物种差异性。 相似文献
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核糖体rDNA ITS序列在真菌学研究中的应用 总被引:27,自引:0,他引:27
rDNA序列的同源性和变化性使其用于真菌各级水平的系统学研究,其中ITS区进化速率较快、长度适中,广泛用于属内种间或种内群体的系统学研究。该文就rDNA序列结构特点、ITS序列在真菌分子系统学及病原学中的应用等方面进行综述。 相似文献
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rDNA ITS序列在ACCC真菌鉴定中的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
【目的】真菌无处不在,并与人类生活紧密相关。真菌的鉴定是科学研究和资源开发利用的基础。本研究从中国农业微生物菌种保藏管理中心(ACCC)随机选取已经定名的112株库藏真菌菌株作为实验材料,通过DNA测序,评估核糖体DNA内转录间隔区(rDNA ITS)序列在真菌属级鉴定上的应用。【方法】采用真菌DNA条形码rDNA ITS的序列测定和在GenBank中查寻比对的方法,对这些菌株进行属水平的鉴定复核。【结果】通过研究,供试菌株中有80株的属名与原鉴定相符,同时表明序列中套峰的情况降低与Gen Bank中序列比对的相似性。【结论】rDNA ITS序列测定法可以用于真菌菌株进行属水平的鉴定复核,国家菌种保藏机构应对已入库保藏和即将入库的所有真菌菌株都进行属水平的鉴定复核,并对菌株鉴定结果作审慎处理,原定名的名称及其变更历史应以"曾用名"在数据库中保留。 相似文献
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本文对16个食线虫真菌(节丛孢属、隔指孢属和单顶孢属)菌株和3个其他相关丝孢菌(顶辐孢属和单端孢属)菌株的28S rDNA 片段进行了扩增, 并用限制性内切酶Sau3A I, Msp I, Rsa I and Hae III对PCR产物进行了消化。采用UPGMA法对 PCR 产物的限制性图谱特征进行了聚类分析。结果表明,捕食性真菌的聚类群与捕食器官类型相对应,顶辐孢属和单端孢属与捕食性真菌的遗传距离较远。该结果与rDNA 的ITS区间、5.8S和18S的序列分析结果一致。 相似文献
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食线虫真菌28S rDNA PCR扩增片段的RFLPs分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文对16个食线虫真菌(节丛孢属、隔指孢属和单顶孢属)菌株和3个其他相关丝孢菌(顶辐孢属和单端孢属)菌株的28S rDNA 片段进行了扩增, 并用限制性内切酶Sau3A I, Msp I, Rsa I and Hae III对PCR产物进行了消化。采用UPGMA法对 PCR 产物的限制性图谱特征进行了聚类分析。结果表明,捕食性真菌的聚类群与捕食器官类型相对应,顶辐孢属和单端孢属与捕食性真菌的遗传距离较远。该结果与rDNA 的ITS区间、5.8S和18S的序列分析结果一致。 相似文献
7.
本文对16个食线虫真菌(节丛孢属,隔指孢属和单顶孢属)菌株和3个其他相关丝孢菌(顶辐孢属和单端孢属)菌株的28S rDNA片段进行了扩增,并用限制性内切酶Sau3 A,I,Msp I,RsaIand HaeⅢ对PCR产物进行了消化,采用UPGMA法对PCR产物的限制性图谱特征进行了聚类分析。结果表明,捕食性真菌的聚类群与捕食器官类型相对应,顶辐孢属和单端孢属与捕食性真菌的遗传距离较远。该结果与rDNA的ITS区间,5.8S和18S的序列分析结果一致。 相似文献
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Phylogenetic relationships within the family Parmeliaceae (lichenized ascomycetes) with emphasis on the heterogeneous group
of cetrarioid lichens are reconstructed. The results are based on cladistic analyses of DNA-sequences, morphological and chemical
data. Almost all currently recognized cetrarioid genera were included in the analyses together with parmelioid and alectorioid
members of the presumably monophyletic family Parmeliaceae. We tried to sample taxonomic diversity of the family as widely
as possible. The ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 region of the rDNA and a partial β-tubulin gene from 126 samples representing 82 species were
analysed. Cetrarioid lichens were identified as a monophyletic group, supported by both ITS and β-tubulin characters. This
group was reanalysed using 47 morphological, anatomical and secondary chemistry characters combined with the DNA data matrix.
ITS and β-tubulin sequences provide congruent information, and a clear correlation between DNA-data and conidial shape is
observed. The current taxonomy of the cetrarioid lichens is discussed and compared with the phylogenetic trees obtained here.
A comprehensive study of the phylogeography of some bipolar or subcosmopolitic species with representatives from both hemispheres
was performed. Cetraria aculeata is the only taxon where correlation between DNA-data and geographic origin is observed. 相似文献
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The phylogeny of the cetrarioid lichens with bifusiform spermatia and dorsiventral thalli which contain usnic acid is reanalysed
using three parts of the genome, ITS rDNA, β-tubulin and GAPDH sequences. Molecular data from five cetrarioid species are
presented for the first time, and 13 new sequences are combined with sequences from the gene bank to delimit the genus Nephromopsis. A monophyletic clade of Nephromopsis, Tuckneraria, ‘Cetraria’ leucostigma and ‘C.’ melaloma is identified and circumscribed as one genus, Nephromopsis, which now includes 19 species. Four new combinations are presented. A key to the species is provided. 相似文献
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The two highly divergent ITS types previously observed in isolates ofPuccinia kuehnii were amplified from the same isolates through the use of ITS type-specific primers for PCR and are therefore considered as
polymorphisms of ITS regions within the species. Although homology of sequences of one of the ITS types with otherPuccinia species was of expected levels, significantly high homology of sequences of the other type with those ofCronartium members indicates that abnormal genetic events led to the occurrence of these polymorphic regions. These results indicate
that ITS gene tree phylogeny may not reflect true species phylogeny in this group of rust fungi. Rather, D1/D2 region tree
phylogeny, which was concordant with the differences in morphology with and among related rusts, more correctly reflects phylogenetic
relationships of sugarcane and related grass rusts.
contribution No. 159, Laboratory of Plant Parasitic Mycology, Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Tsukuba. 相似文献
15.
基于形态特征和ITS序列对7个鹅膏菌属菌株的分类鉴定 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
以采自浙江省丽水地区的7个鹅膏菌属菌株作为研究材料,在基于形态特征进行初步鉴定的基础上,对7种鹅膏菌的rDNAITS区段进行克隆测序和序列特征比较分析。进一步对ITS序列进行核酸序列数据库GenBank同源性检索比对,将从GenBank检索获得的9个最相似物种的ITS序列连同7种鹅膏菌的ITS序列一起作系统发育分析。结果表明:基于ITS序列对f6、f9和f493个菌株的分子鉴定支持了基于形态特征的鉴定结果,对f5的分子鉴定不支持形态鉴定的结果,f8为鹅膏菌属内某种,f66为鹅膏菌属内某种,并与Amanitafulva,A.atrofusca,A.orientifulva3种鹅膏菌的亲缘关系较近,f7与另外6种鹅膏菌的亲缘关系相差甚远。研究结果提示基于分子水平上的ITS序列分析不能单方面作为大型真菌分类鉴定的可靠依据,可以作为基于传统形态学分类鉴定的辅助参考依据。 相似文献
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锦绣杜鹃菌根真菌rDNA ITS序列分析及接种效应研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用rDNA ITS序列对锦绣杜鹃菌根真菌的16个菌株进行了分类分析。根据菌株ITS序列全长计算各菌株间序列相似度和遗传距离,并与GenBank中最相似菌株序列构建系统发育树。结果表明:16个菌株在系统树上聚为3个大分支。其中7个菌株在支持率为100%的基础上与树粉孢属真菌Oidiodendron sp.聚为一类;2个菌株与未鉴定的杜鹃花科植物根系真菌unidentified root associated fungi聚为一类,支持率为100%;其他7个菌株在98%的支持率上与几种未命名的欧石楠类菌根真菌 相似文献
17.
根虫瘟霉是最常见的一种虫霉,寄主广泛,世界广布。目前有学者认为该种是个复合种。本研究对世界不同地区和不同寄主的根虫瘟霉及其近缘类群总计19个菌株,进行3个靶位点(ITS、LSU rDNA、RPB2)的分子系统发育学分析。结果显示,根虫瘟霉ITS长度较为保守性,介于1 321-1 324bp之间,而所研究的虫霉亚门的其他类群的长度范围较大,为556-1 654bp。本研究确认根虫瘟霉是单系种,同时西虫瘟霉、矛孢虫瘟霉和英吉利虫瘟霉具有明确种的分类地位。鬼笔状虫瘟霉种应该被视为西虫瘟霉的异名。 相似文献
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Nucleotide sequence diversity of rDNA internal transcribed spacers extracted from conidia and cleistothecia of several powdery mildew fungi 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
An improved protocol, including DNA extraction with Chelex, two amplifications with a nested primer set, and DNA purification
by electrophoresis, made it possible to analyze nuclear rDNA sequences of powdery mildew fungi using at most several hundred
conidia or 20 cleistothecia. Nucleotide sequence diversity of the nuclear rDNA region containing the two internal transcribed
spacers (ITS1 and ITS2) and 5.8S rRNA gene derived from conidia and cleistothecia was investigated for four kinds of powdery
mildew fungi including two isolates of the same species. The results showed that the nucleotide sequences of the nuclear rDNA
region were highly conserved between the teleomorph and the anamorph. Thus, the nucleotide sequence data obtained from either
developmental stage can be used for phylogenetic studies of powdery mildew fungi. The nucleotide sequences of the 5.8S rRNA
genes of the four species were highly conserved, but those of their ITS regions were variable. This suggests that the nuclear
rDNA region is not suitable for phylogenetic studies of distantly related powdery mildew fungi, because too much sequence
diversity exists, within the ITS, and too little phylogenetic information is contained within the 5.8S rRNA gene. However,
the ITS region will be useful for phylogenetic comparison of closely related species or intraspecies.
Contribution No. 132 from the Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Mie University. 相似文献
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Rouland-Lefevre C Diouf MN Brauman A Neyra M 《Molecular phylogenetics and evolution》2002,22(3):423-429
Termitomyces constitutes a very poorly known genus of fungi whose essential characteristic is that all representatives of the genus are cultivated by termites (Macrotermitinae) in their nest and that all the fungi cultivated by termites belong to this genus. For the first time, the phylogenetic relationships of several African Termitomyces species was studied by the sequencing of their internal transcriber spacer region (ITS1--5.8S--ITS2). It appeared that this group is clearly monophyletic and belongs to the Tricholomataceae family. The total homology of the ITS zone of several Termitomyces symbionts of different termite genera indicated that the specific diversity of this group is in fact less important than previously supposed. Finally, the comparison between the Termitomyces phylogenetic tree and the taxonomic tree of Macrotermitinae showed that if for certain genera the hypothesis of termite/fungus coevolution is acceptable, it should not be applied for all symbiosis. 相似文献
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中国9种嗜子宫线虫系统发育的初步研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了探讨鱼类寄生嗜子宫线虫的系统发育关系,测定了8种嗜子宫线虫的ITS rDNA(核糖体转录内间隔区核 糖核酸)序列和9种嗜子宫线虫的18S rDNA(小亚基核糖体核糖核酸)部分序列,并构建了18S rDNA序列的系统发 育树。在比较和分析ITS rDNA和18S rDNA两种分子标记对嗜子宫科线虫系统发育适用性的基础上,分析了嗜子 宫线虫的系统发育关系。结果表明:中国嗜子宫线虫是单系起源;黄颡鱼似嗜子宫线虫、赣州似嗜子宫线虫和棍头 嗜子宫线虫亲缘关系非常接近,可能是较晚形成的种;似嗜子宫线虫属可能应该被细分为更多的属。
相似文献