单花、有侧花牡丹品种花芽分化特点及内源激素变化

为比较单花牡丹品种‘梨花粉’、有侧花牡丹品种‘姊妹游春’和‘云鄂粉’的花芽分化进程、形态特征差异及花芽分化期内源激素的变化,该研究通过解剖和石蜡切片,观察‘梨花粉’‘姊妹游春’和‘云鄂粉’的花芽分化过程,采用酶联免疫吸附分析法测定不同分化阶段‘梨花粉’和‘姊妹游春’的生长素(IAA)、脱落酸(ABA)、赤霉素(GA₃)及玉米素核苷(ZR)的含量。结果表明：(1)‘梨花粉’花芽分化仅6个时期;有侧花品种‘姊妹游春’和‘云鄂粉’花芽分化为11个时期,顶花原基先分化,侧花原基后分化。(2)叶原基分化期至苞片原基分化期,‘姊妹游春’和‘梨花粉’花芽中ABA、GA₃及ZR的含量均升高,IAA含量降低;‘姊妹游春’侧花原基分化起始阶段,ABA、GA₃含量降低,ZR、IAA含量升高。(3)‘梨花粉’ABA/IAA比值在形态分化期时最低。综上认为,有侧花牡丹品种花芽分化比单花牡丹品种早,分化时间长,顶花和侧花部分花器官分化期重叠;较高水平的ZR、IAA以及较低的ABA、GA₃有利于启动侧花原基分化。该研究结果为牡丹...     

罗汉果花芽分化过程中形态及其激素水平变化特征

采用石蜡切片和酶联免疫法(ELISA)对罗汉果雄性、雌性、两性花芽分化过程的形态和激素水平变化进行观测,为罗汉果开花调控和品种选育提供科学依据。结果表明:(1)罗汉果雄性、雌性、两性花的花芽分化过程均可分为花芽未分化期、花芽分化初期、花序分化期、萼片原基分化期、花瓣原基分化期、雄蕊原基分化期和雌蕊原基分化期7个阶段。雄蕊原基分化期前,3种花芽分化过程无明显差异,各时期形态特征均依次为:茎端呈圆锥状(花芽未分化期)→茎端经半球形变成扁平状(花芽分化初期)→距茎端5~7节位处分化出穗状花序(花序分化期)→小花原基周围形成5个萼片原基(萼片原基分化期)→萼片原基内侧形成5个花瓣原基(花瓣原基分化期)。雄蕊和雌蕊原基分化期,3种花芽分化过程存在明显差异,雄蕊原基内侧出现雌蕊原基后,雄花芽雄蕊原基继续发育成雄蕊,雌蕊原基停滞生长,退为一个小突起;雌花芽雌蕊原基继续发育成雌蕊,雄蕊原基生长缓慢,退化为小花丝;两性花芽雌蕊和雄蕊原基均继续发育,形成外观正常的雌蕊和雄蕊。(2)内源激素脱落酸(ABA)、赤霉素(GAs)和玉米素核苷(ZR)含量在3种花芽分化过程中变化规律相似,即ABA含量在花芽生理分化期降低,花芽形态分化期升高,而GAs和ZR含量则基本保持不变;吲哚乙酸(IAA)含量在3种花芽分化过程中变化存在明显差异,雌花芽IAA含量在花芽生理分化期升高,花芽形态分化期逐渐降低,而雄性和两性花芽的IAA含量则基本保持不变。ABA/GAs、ABA/IAA、ZR/IAA和ZR/GAs激素含量比值在3种花芽分化过程中变化规律相似,ABA/GAs在花芽生理分化期降低,花芽形态分化期升高,而BA/IAA、ZR/IAA和ZR/GAs则基本保持不变。研究认为,罗汉果花芽分化过程经历一个"两性期",高ABA含量和ABA/GAs比值有利于罗汉果花芽分化,IAA可能对罗汉果花性分化具有重要作用。     

荷花“重瓣化”的花器官形态发育比较观察

荷花（Nelumbo nucifera）的花型可分5种,最原始为单瓣型,然后由单瓣演化出半重瓣、重瓣、重台和千瓣型。为了揭示荷花重瓣化的分子机理,有必要从花器官的形态发育特征探究荷花花型成因及“重瓣化”的形态发育特征。实验分别选取5种荷花花型的代表品种：‘单洒锦’（单瓣型）、‘大洒锦’（重瓣型）、‘中山红台’（重台型）、‘至尊千瓣’（全重瓣型）、‘千瓣莲’（千瓣型）为材料,进行花芽分化过程形态的石蜡切片比较观察。结果发现：花芽分化过程中5个品种的萼片原基分化期和花瓣原基分化期相似,而雄蕊和雌蕊原基发育存在明显差异：单瓣、重瓣和重台品种均有正常的雄蕊和雌蕊原基分化;全重瓣品种发育初期有雄蕊及雌蕊原基分化,但后期全部瓣化;‘千瓣莲’品种不形成雄蕊和雌蕊原基,而是直接形成2至多个“花瓣增殖中心”,并由此不断分化出细小花瓣。研究认为重瓣型荷花品种的“重瓣化”花瓣主要来源于雄蕊的向心式瓣化,其次是雌蕊瓣化,属于雌雄蕊起源。而对于‘千瓣莲’型品种,花瓣的具体来源方式、花托是否直接参与瓣化及其在重瓣化过程中的作用有待于结合分子生物学手段开展进一步研究。     

单瓣与重瓣垂丝海棠花器官形态发育比较观察

为探究垂丝海棠重瓣花成花原因,该研究以单瓣垂丝海棠和重瓣垂丝海棠为实验材料,应用体式显微镜和扫描电镜观察垂丝海棠单瓣、重瓣品种花器官分化过程;解剖观察重瓣垂丝海棠大蕾期的花与盛开的花,统计其花器官的形态与数目;应用R语言对重瓣垂丝海棠的花瓣数目与其余各轮花器官数目进行相关性分析。结果显示：(1)单瓣和重瓣垂丝海棠的花器官分化均分为萼片原基分化期、花瓣原基分化期、雄蕊原基分化期、雌蕊原基分化期,且各轮花器官按照向心顺序依次分化发育。(2)在花瓣原基分化期,单瓣垂丝海棠仅分化出一轮(5枚)均匀分布于两枚萼片交汇处的花瓣原基,而重瓣垂丝海棠分化出两轮分布散列的花瓣原基,第一轮为5~7枚,第二轮为7~10枚。(3)在重瓣垂丝海棠各轮花器官中存在较多萼片瓣化、雄蕊瓣化、雌雄蕊异常发育的情况。(4)重瓣垂丝海棠各轮花器官数目间相关性分析结果显示,其花瓣数目与雄蕊数目以及瓣化中的雄蕊数目间存在明显的正相关关系,该现象与常规雄蕊瓣化植物表现的雄蕊数目减少、花瓣数目增多的现象不同。研究表明,重瓣垂丝海棠花瓣数目的增多并不完全依赖于雄蕊变瓣,暗示垂丝海棠重瓣花成花原因的多元性与复杂性。     

月季花瓣数量遗传分析

以‘窄叶藤本月季花’( Rosa chinensis ‘Zhaiye Tengben Yuejihua’)ב月月粉’( R. chinensis ‘Old Blush’)杂交群体为材料, 分析其花瓣数量的分离特点, 对单瓣花与重瓣花的花芽分化过程进行观察, 并对花瓣、雄蕊及瓣化雄蕊进行表皮细胞超微结构的观察.结果显示...     

不同成花量金花茶花果期果枝叶内源激素的变化

该研究运用酶联免疫法(ELISA)对不同成花量(花多、花少、无花)金花茶花果期果枝叶内源激素吲哚乙酸(IAA)、赤霉素(GA_3)、玉米素核苷(ZR)、脱落酸(ABA)含量进行了测定。结果表明:始花期金花茶果枝叶内源IAA先升高后降低,花多株含量低于花少株;有花株ZR含量高于无花株;GA_3含量呈现整体上升趋势,有花株高于无花株;ABA含量先降低后升高,无花株高于花多株。盛花期IAA、GA_3、ABA含量整体下降,ZR含量先降低后升高,花多株叶内源IAA、ZR、GA_3含量高于花少株或无花株,ABA含量低于花少株或无花株。花期内,有花株果枝叶IAA/ZR、IAA/ABA、ZR/ABA、GA_3/ABA比值均高于无花株,而(IAA+GA_3)/ZR比值低于无花株,说明金花茶花果的发育不仅和单个激素的含量有关,还和激素平衡有关。秋梢期营养生长旺盛时无花株IAA/ZR比值较大,花果期生殖生长强烈时比值较小,(IAA+GA_3)/ZR与之相反。这说明花蕾期高水平的内源IAA、ZR和ABA及低水平的内源GA_3有利于金花茶开花;末花期高含量的IAA、ZR和低含量的GA_3、ABA可减少落花落果,提高坐果率,有利于果实快速生长;果实生长后期高含量的ABA有利于果实成熟。该研究结果为生产上应用生长调节剂调控金花茶成花、坐果提供了理论依据。     

外源GA3对紫斑牡丹幼苗叶片解剖结构与光合特性及内源激素含量的影响

以1年生紫斑牡丹幼苗为试验材料,采用不同浓度(0、100、300、500 mg/L)赤霉素(GA_3)喷施叶片处理,通过透射电镜、扫描电镜、光学显微镜观察幼苗叶片解剖结构,光合仪测定幼苗光合参数并以酶联免疫吸附法测叶片内源激素含量,探究外源GA_3对紫斑牡丹幼苗叶片解剖结构、光合特性和内源激素水平的影响。结果表明:(1)低浓度GA_3处理的紫斑牡丹叶肉细胞增大,栅栏组织外层细胞中叶绿体数量增加,高浓度GA_3处理则与之相反;GA_3处理叶片的栅栏组织/海绵组织比值(P/S)、组织结构紧密度(CTR)均下降,而其组织结构疏松度(SR)增加;GA_3处理的幼苗叶片的叶肉细胞内各叶绿体大小显著大于对照,随着GA_3处理浓度增加,紫斑牡丹叶肉细胞内叶绿体的体积趋于增大,类囊体垛叠凝聚逐渐松散,叶绿体上淀粉颗粒在300 mg/L GA_3处理中较明显;叶片气孔长度、宽度、气孔器大小、气孔开度和气孔密度随着GA_3浓度升高先升高后下降,同时叶片上表皮角质层厚度随GA_3浓度的升高而增加。(2)紫斑牡丹叶片净光合速率(P_n)、气孔导度(Cond)、蒸腾速率(T_r)、水分利用率(WUE)在100和300 mg/L GA_3处理下大都显著高于对照,且300 mg/L GA_3处理显著高于其余处理,而其在500 mg/L GA_3处理下显著低于对照。(3)紫斑牡丹叶片脱落酸(ABA)和吲哚乙酸(IAA)含量均在500 mg/L GA_3下显著高于对照,而在其余浓度处理下不同程度低于对照,叶片内源玉米素核苷(ZR)和GA_3含量均在300 mg/L GA_3处理下显著高于其余处理和对照,而其余处理相比对照均无显著变化;叶片的ZR/ABA、ZR/IAA、ZR/GA_3和(IAA+GA_3+ZR)/ABA比值都在300 mg/L GA_3处理下显著高于其他处理,叶片的IAA/ABA和ABA/GA_3比值均在500 mg/L GA_3处理下显著高于其他处理。研究发现,适宜浓度外源GA_3处理,能显著提高紫斑牡丹幼苗叶片光合速率、水分利用效率及蒸腾速率,调节植物体内源激素的含量及平衡,从而使叶片能合成较多有机物,促进幼苗生长。     

藤本月季“安吉拉”花芽分化形态结构及内源激素变化研究

以藤本月季“安吉拉”为试验材料,通过石蜡切片、体视显微镜观察及内源激素的测定,研究花芽分化过程的形态结构及内源激素的变化,为花期调控、景观品质的提升及相关育种工作提供基础数据。藤本月季“安吉拉”花芽各部分分化顺序由外向内进行,分为5个时期,共历时30 d,首先是生长锥呈圆锥状突起的形态分化期;扁平生长锥周围出现5个突起,即为萼片原基分化期;萼片原基的内方分化出成轮状的多个花瓣原基,即为花瓣原基分化期;花瓣原基基部从上向下分化出多轮雄蕊原基,即为雄蕊原基分化期;扁平的生长锥顶端突起形成多个雌蕊原基,为雌蕊原基分化期。随花芽分化进程脱落酸(ABA)、细胞分裂素(CTK)浓度变化规律相似,均呈先升高再下降趋势,萼片原基分化期其浓度均显著高于其他时期;生长素(IAA)浓度呈逐渐上升的趋势;赤霉素(GA)浓度呈逐渐下降趋势。随花芽分化进程IAA/GA和IAA/ABA比值呈逐渐上升趋势,CTK/GA和(ABA+CTK)/GA比值在萼片原基分化期显著高于形态分化期。内源激素测定结果表明:ABA、CTK浓度在萼片原基分化期显著升高与花芽分化诱导有关,较低的IAA浓度以及GA浓度的降低有利于藤本月季“安吉拉”的花芽分化;萼片原基分化期CTK/GA和(ABA+CTK)/GA比值升高可能与花芽分化诱导有关,高水平的IAA/ABA和IAA/GA比值可能与花器官原基的进一步发育相关。     

储存温度对单瓣和重瓣紫斑牡丹花粉活力及生理特性的影响北大核心CSCD

以紫斑牡丹‘象牙白’单瓣和重瓣花的花粉为材料,对其超微结构及生理生化特性进行观察和分析,探讨单瓣和重瓣花花粉超微结构以及不同温度储存花粉活力与其可溶性蛋白含量、MDA含量和3种保护酶活性(POD、SOD、CAT)的关系,以确定紫斑牡丹单瓣和重瓣花花粉最佳储存温度。结果表明:(1)紫斑牡丹重瓣花花粉平均极轴长、平均赤道轴长、极轴长/赤道轴长均小于单瓣花花粉;室温(25℃)条件下,单瓣花花粉萌发率(83.62%)高于重瓣花(72.06%),单瓣花和重瓣花花粉的半衰期分别为40 d和60 d;随着储存温度降低和储存时间的延长,单瓣花和重瓣花的花粉萌发率较室温均显著提高,且单瓣花花粉萌发率始终高于重瓣花花粉。(2)紫斑牡丹单瓣和重瓣花花粉在短期储存(1~120 d)、较长时间储存和长期储存的适宜温度分别为4℃、-20℃,-80℃。(3)与室温相比,低温可提高储存期间紫斑牡丹花粉的可溶性蛋白质含量和保护酶活性,并降低MDA含量,从而有效延缓花粉萌发率的下降。(4)低温胁迫对紫斑牡丹单瓣花花粉的影响低于重瓣花花粉,在相同储存温度条件下,重瓣花花粉细胞受损程度更高、萌发率下降速率更快。研究认为,紫斑牡丹花粉在-80℃储存条件下基本处于代谢平衡状态,故低温能有效延长其花粉储存寿命;储存期间花粉萌发率下降的主要原因是细胞膜脂过氧化程度加剧,细胞损伤加重;紫斑牡丹重瓣花花粉粒小、瘪粒和畸形是导致其较单瓣花花粉萌发率低的主要原因。     

小叶丁香花芽分化进程及内源激素的变化

观察小叶丁香花芽分化过程,明确花芽外部形态与内部解剖结构的对应关系,解析内源激素的动态变化,为小叶丁香开花调控和栽培管理提供科学依据。本研究以小叶丁香花芽为试验材料,外部形态观察和石蜡切片技术观测花芽分化过程及开花特性,酶联免疫法(ELISA)测定内源激素含量。解剖结构观察发现,小叶丁香春季开花的花芽分化始于5月下旬,至10月上旬结束,过程分为未分化期、总苞原基分化期、花序原基和小花原基分化期、萼片原基分化期、花瓣原基分化期、雄蕊原基分化期、雌蕊原基分化期7个时期,分化各时期存在重叠现象;吲哚乙酸(IAA)、脱落酸(ABA)、玉米素核苷(ZR)含量波动较大,分别呈现“降低-升高-降低”、“升高-降低-升高-降低”、“升高-降低”的变化趋势,赤霉素(GA₃)含量维持在低水平且变化幅度不大;ABA/GA₃峰值出现在总苞原基、萼片原基及花瓣原基分化期;IAA/GA₃峰值出现在未分化期、花序原基和小花原基分化期、花瓣原基分化期;ABA/IAA在萼片原基分化期最高;ZR/GA₃与ZR/IAA峰值出现在萼片原基...     

Ethylene-promoted tomato flower abscission and the possible involvement of an inhibitor

The abscission zone in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum (L.) Mill. flower pedicels is morphologically distinguishable prior to separation and is delineated by an indentation of the epidermis. Exposure of excised pedicels with the flower attached to ethylene results in abscission within 12 h and this can be accelerated by flower removal. Abscission of excised pedicels with the flower removed takes place in the absence of exogenous ethylene but this is delayed by pretreatment with aminoethoxyvinyl glycine, an inhibitor of ethylene biosynthesis. The data presented support the hypothesis that flower tissue is the source of an abscission inhibitor.Abbreviations AVG aminoethoxyvinyl glycine - IAA indole-3-acetic acid     

Comparison of de-novo flower-bud formation in a photoperiodic and a day-neutral tobacco

Regeneration of flower buds in thin tissue layers from pedicels of photoinduced short-day (SD) tobacco, Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Maryland Mammoth, is described. Up to seven flower buds per explant were obtained in a medium containing Murashige and Skoog's macro- and microclements, 100 mg/l myoinositol, 0.1 mg/l thiamine-HCl, 6% glucose, 5 M N⁶-benzylaminopurine, and 0.5 M -naphthaleneacetic acid. Usually some vegetative buds were also formed in the pedicel thin tissue layers. Thin tissue layers from other positions in the induced SD tobacco regenerated vegetative buds only. A comparative study with a day-neutral (DN) tobacco, Samsun, showed that the capacity to form de-novo flower buds was more localized and less strongly determined in photoperiodic than in the DN tobacco. The differences between the photoperiodic and DN tobaccos in flower-bud regeneration capacity are thus quantitative and not qualitative. The basis for this quantitative difference is not known, but may depend on factors controlling production of floral stimulus (florigen) and competency of cells to respond to florigen, and-or stability of the determined state to form flower buds in vitro.Abbreviations BAP N⁶-benzylaminopurine - DN day-neutral - GA₃ gibberellic acid - LD long-day - MM Maryland Mammoth - NAA -naphthaleneacetic acid - SD short-day     

Conservation of the E-function for Floral Organ Identity in Rice Revealed by the Analysis of Tissue Culture-induced Loss-of-Function Mutants of the <Emphasis Type="Italic">OsMADS1</Emphasis> Gene

Rapid progress in studies on flower development has resulted in refining the classical ‘ABC model’ into a new ‘ABCDE model’ to explain properly the regulation of floral organ identity. Conservation of E-function for flower organ identity among the dicotyledonous (dicot) plants has been revealed. However, its conservation in monocotyledonous (monocot) plants remains largely unknown. Here, we show the conservation of E-function in rice (Oryza sativaL.) by characterizing tissue culture-induced mutants of two MADS-box genes, OsMADS1and OsMADS5, which form a subclade within the well-supported clade of SEP-genes (E-function) phylogeny. Severe loss-of-function mutations of OsMADS1cause complete homeotic conversion of organs (lodicules, stamens, and carpels) of three inner whorls into lemma- and palea-like structures. Such basic deformed structure is reiterated along with the pedicel at the center of the same floret, indicating the loss of determinacy of the flower meristem. These phenotypes resemble the phenotypes caused by mutations of the dicot E-class genes, such as the Arabidopsis SEP123(SEPALLATA1/2/3) and the petunia FBP2(Floral Binding Protein 2), suggesting that OsMADS1play a very similar role in rice to that of defined E-class genes in dicot plants. In case of the loss-of-function mutation of OsMADS5, no defect in either panicles or vegetative organs was observed. These results demonstrate that OsMADS1clearly possesses E-function, and so, E-function is fundamentally conserved between dicot plants and rice, a monocot model plant.     

濒危植物秦岭石蝴蝶花瓣数量变异机理研究

为了探明秦岭石蝴蝶花瓣数量变异原因,该研究采用Illumina HiSeq 2500高通量测序技术对秦岭石蝴蝶两种花型发育的早期和晚期进行转录组测序,挖掘参与其花发育相关的差异基因,并探讨花器变异的可能机制。结果显示：(1)与NR数据库进行比对,共有52 677个Unigene注释到NR库,占Unigene总数的46.25%,与旋蒴苣苔(Dorcoceras hygrometricum)的序列同源性最高(54.29%)。(2)GO富集分析结果显示,正常2 3型和变异2 4型差异基因富集最显著的GO条目为：细胞组分类的细胞膜、分子功能类的反转运蛋白活性和酶抑制剂活性、生物过程类的跨膜转运和催化活性的负调控等;KEGG富集分析结果显示,正常2 3型和变异2 4型差异基因富集最显著的KEGG通路为：植物激素信号转导、脂肪酸延长、戊糖和葡萄糖醛酸酯的相互转化、苯丙烷生物合成、硫代谢、类黄酮生物合成、玉米素的生物合成等途径。(3)对表达差异基因进行筛选并进一步对4个比较组进行交叉比对分析,确定了6个可能与秦岭石蝴蝶花器官发育相关的基因,分别为PqMIF2、PqMYB340、PqMYB305、PqGATA12、PqCCD4和PqZBED;qRT PCR验证发现,其表达趋势和转录组测序分析结果一致。该研究结果为秦岭石蝴蝶的花器官发育和系统进化及其濒危机制方面研究提供了重要的信息。     

Molecular and genetic analyses of flower homeotic genes ofArabidopsis

Recent genetic and molecular analyses usingArabidopsis has revealed basic mechanisms of floral pattern formation. Here is outlined a genetic model of flower morphogenesis. This shows that combinations of floral organ identity genes direct the organ type and the place in the flower bud. After molecular cloning of these genes, the hypothesis is supported at the molecular level. Molecular analyses of homologous genes from other plants show the same system of flower morphogenesis is shared widely among distantly related species.     

甜荞pin型花与thrum型花雌雄蕊发育的比较研究

为从形态上研究甜荞(Fagopyrum esculentum)二型花发育的差异性,该文运用石蜡切片技术对甜荞pin型花和thrum型花大、小孢子发生和雌、雄配子体的发育过程进行观察比较.结果表明:(1)甜荞2种花的雌蕊、雄蕊发育的细胞学特征有很高的相似性,具直生胚珠、双珠被、厚珠心;大孢子四分体直线型排列,合点端为功能...     

The dose of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid determines flower-bud regeneration in tobacco explants at a large range of concentrations

Short-term applications of very high concentrations of 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) to expiants from flower stalks of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Samsun) induced flower-bud regeneration to the same extent as longer or continuous incubation on lower concentrations. The maximum number of flower buds per explant after 15 d of culture was obtained not only by continuous culturing at 1 mol·l^–1 NAA but also by 12 h of culturing at 22 mol·l^–1 or 0.5 h at 220 mol· l^–1, followed by incubation on medium without auxin for the remaining period. Continuous application of such high concentrations resulted in callus formation or caused the death of the explanted tissue. In all experiments in which auxin concentration and time of application were independently varied, the product of concentration and time determined the number of buds formed. Most, but not all, of the NAA taken up by the tissues was converted into conjugates. In expiants which had received a dose which was optimal for regeneration, the internal concentration of free NAA remaining beyond the pulse period was between 1.7 and 6.2 mol·l^–1. Suboptimal applications led to lower values, supraoptimal treatments to much higher internal concentrations. The physiological effect, which depends on the internal hormone concentration, thus manifested itself as dose-dependent with regard to applied hormone.Abbreviations BAP N⁶-benzylaminopurine - NAA 1-naphthaleneacetic acid     

Combined effects of inflorescence architecture, display size, plant density and empty flowers on bumble bee behaviour: experimental study with artificial inflorescences

Pollen dispersal by pollinators is governed by the extent to which diverse effects on pollinator behaviour act independently or augment or moderate each other. Using artificial inflorescences, we assessed the behavioural responses of bumble bees to inflorescence architecture (raceme, panicle, and umbel), inflorescence size (7 or 13 flowers), inter-inflorescence distance and the proportion of empty flowers per inflorescence. The advantage of large inflorescences in terms of attractiveness was larger for racemes and umbels than for panicles, whereas the effect of inter-inflorescence distance on the number of successive probes was smaller for racemes than for panicles and umbels. The number of flowers probed per visit increased almost proportionally with display size when fewer flowers were empty, whereas the number increased less when many flowers were empty. Our results suggest that display size and the spatial arrangement of flowers and nectar within inflorescences can contribute to efficient pollination by affecting pollinator behaviour interactively.     

紫花含笑花被呈色过程中色素含量与超微结构的变化特征

为了探究色素含量以及细胞结构在紫花含笑花被呈色过程中的作用机理,该研究以绿色和紫色花被为材料,测定其花被色素含量,运用逐步回归方程分析花被呈色与色素含量的关系,采用石蜡切片及超薄切片技术观察花被细胞超显微结构变化.结果表明:(1)在紫花含笑花被呈色过程中,紫色花被表面明度L*值降低,a*值上升,b*值降低;花被花青素苷...