头序Song木化学成分研究

自头序Ｓｏｎｇ木７０％ＥｔＯＨ提取物分得６个化合物,应用光谱技术（ＩＲ,ＭＳ,ＨＮＭＲ,＾１３ＣＮＭＲ,ＤＥＰＴ,２ＤＮＭＲ）及化学方法,确定了他们的结构,分别为β－谷甾醇（Ⅰ）,胡萝卜甙（Ⅱ）,齐墩果酸（Ⅲ）,竹节参皂甙１（Ⅳ）,竹节参皂甙Ⅳａ（ＣｈｉｋｕｓｅｔｓｕｓａｐｏｍｉｎⅣａ）（Ⅴ）,常春藤皂甙元－２８－Ｏ－β－吡喃葡萄糖醛酸（１→４）－β－Ｄ－吡喃葡萄糖甙（Ⅵ）,以上化合物均为首次从该     

头序楤木化学成分研究

自头序楤木70%EtOH提取物分得6个化合物,应用光谱技术(IR,MS,(?)~HNMR,~(13)C NMR.DEPT,2DNMR)及化学方法.确定了他们的结构,分别为β-谷甾醇(Ⅰ),胡萝卜甙(Ⅱ),齐墩果酸(Ⅲ),竹节参皂甙 (?)(Ⅳ):竹节参皂甙Ⅳa(Chikusetsusapomin Ⅳa)(Ⅴ),常春藤皂甙元—28-O-β-吡喃葡萄糖醛酸(1→4)-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖甙(Ⅵ),以上化合物均为首次从该植物中分得,其中Ⅵ为一新化合物.     

滇重楼地上部分的两个微量皂甙

从滇重楼地上部分中分离出两个新的微量的甾体皂甙ＰｏｌｙｐｈｙｌｌｏｓｉｄｅⅢ和Ⅳ,根据化学降解和光谱分析,它们的化学结构分别为２７－羟基－偏诺皂皂甙元－３－Ｏ［ａ－Ｌ－鼠李吡喃糖基（１→２）］［ａ－Ｌ－鼠李吡喃糖基（１→４－ａ－Ｌ鼠李吡喃糖基（１→４）］－β－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖甙,２３β,２７－二羟基－偏皂甙元－３－Ｏ－［ａ－鼠李吡喃糖（１→２）］     

蜘蛛抱蛋根茎中的甾体皂甙

从蜘蛛抱蛋（ＡｓｐｉｄｉｓｔｒａｅｌａｔｉｏｒＢｌ．）根茎的甲醇提取物中分离得两个甾体皂甙。经波谱解析及化学降解证明其化学结构分别为薯芋皂甙元一３一Ｏ－［Ｂ－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖基（１→２）］－［Ｂ－Ｄ－木吡喃糖基（１→３）］－Ｂ－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖基（１→４）－Ｂ－Ｄ一半乳吡喃糖甙（即蜘蛛抱蛋甙ａｓｐｉｄｉｓｔｒｉｎ）及新静诺特皂甙元－３－Ｏ－［Ｂ－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖基（１→２）］～［Ｂ－Ｄ－木吡喃糖基（１→３）－Ｂ－Ｄ－葡萄吡喃糖基（１→４）一Ｂ－Ｄ－半乳吡喃糖甙,后者为一新试,命名为新蜘蛛抱蛋甙ｒｅｏａｓｐｉｄｉｓｔｒｉｎ。     

红毛五加叶的三萜皂甙

红毛五加（ＡｃａｎｔｈｏｐａｎａｘｇｉｒａｌｄｉｉＨａｒｍｓ）系五加科五加属植物,分布于河北、河南、四川、陕西、甘肃等省,有祛风湿、通关节、强筋骨、治痿痹等功效［１］。其化学成分未见报道。本文报道红毛五加叶的５个三萜皂甙（甙Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ）的分离鉴定。它们均首次从该属植物发现,其结构如下：　　　　　　　　　　　　　Ｒ１　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Ｒ２　　　　　　　　Ⅰ　ｒｈａｍ－（１→２）－ａｒａ　　　　　Ｈ　　　　　　　Ⅱ　Ｈ　　　ｒｈａｍ－（１→４）－ｇｌｃ－（１→６）－ｇｌｃ　　　　　…     

草玉梅化学成分的研究

草玉梅（ＡｎｅｍｏｎｅｒｉｖｕｌａｒｉｓＢｕｃｈ．－Ｈａｍ．ｅｘＤＣ．）为毛茛科银莲花属植物,根状茎和叶供药用,治疗喉炎、扁桃腺炎、风湿疼痛和胃痛等症［１］。其化学成分已有报道［２,３］,主要为三萜皂甙。最近,我们从草玉梅全草的乙醇提取物中分离鉴定了３种化学成分,其中两种为已知成分乌苏酸（Ⅰ）和β－谷甾醇（Ⅱ）,一种为新化合物,命名为草玉梅甙Ａ（ａｎｅｍｏｓｉｄｅＡ）（Ⅲ）。本文主要报道草玉梅甙Ａ的结构鉴定。化合物Ⅲ为白色粉末,Ｌｉｅｂｅｒｍａｎｎ－Ｂｕｒｃｈａｒｄ试验为阳性,Ⅲ经酸水解,甙元与…     

药物诱导后的人大肠癌细胞的[Ca^2＋]i的变化

采用荧光分光光度计法检测维甲酸（ＲＡ）、１,２５（ＯＨ）２ＶＤ３及佛波酯（ＰＭＡ）诱导ＣＣＬ２２９细胞分化后［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ变化,并观察内质网（ＥＲ）特异的Ｃａ２＋－ＡＴＰａｓｅ抑制剂Ｔｈａｐｓｉｇａｒｇｉｎ（ＴＧ）、ＩＰ３受体抑制剂Ｈｅｐａｒｉｎ对ＲＡ诱导［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ变化的影响,从而探讨ＲＡ诱导［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ变化与ＥＲ的关系。结果显示：ＲＡ和１,２５（ＯＨ）２ＶＤ３在数秒内引起［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ显著升高。在ＥＧＴＡ和Ｖｅｒａｐａｍｉｌ预处理细胞条件下,ＴＧ不能抑制ＲＡ引起Ｃａ２＋从细胞内钙池中外流,ＲＡ作用后ＴＧ仍能升高［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ。另外,Ｈｅｐａｒｉｎ也不能完全抑制ＲＡ升高［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ。提示ＲＡ诱导大肠癌细胞升高［Ｃａ２＋］ｉ可能通过ＥＲ上ＩＰ３敏感性和非敏感性钙池,亦可能细胞内存在除ＥＲ外对ＲＡ敏感的钙池。     

帕米尔红景天化学成分的研究

从帕米尔红暾天根中分离得到八个成分（Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ）,经ＵＶ,ＩＲ,＾１ＨＮＭＲ,＾１３ＣＮＭＲ及化学方法鉴定了它们的结构,分别是正二十二（Ⅰ）,Ｇｌｕｔｉｎ－５－ｅｎ－３ｏｎｅ（Ⅱ）,β－谷甾醇（Ⅲ）,二十六烷酸（Ⅳ）,对羟基乙酮（Ⅴ）,山东奈酚（Ⅳ）,没食子酸（Ⅶ）,云杉甙（Ⅷ）,这些成分均为首次从该植物中获得。     

朝鲜淫羊藿的化学成分（Ⅱ）

从朝鲜淫羊藿的地上部分分离到七个成分（Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ、Ⅵ、Ⅶ）。经ＵＶ,ＩＲ,＾１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ,＾１３Ｃ－ＮＭＲ,ＭＳ及化学方法鉴定了它们的结构,分别是ｉｃａｒｉｔｉｎ－３－Ｏ－ａ－Ｌ－ｒｈａｍｎｏｐｙｒａｎｏｓｉｄｅ（Ⅰ）,ｓａｇｉｔｔａｔｏｓｉｄｅ Ａ（Ⅱ）,ｓａｇｉｔｔａｔｏｓｉｄｅ Ｂ（Ⅲ）,３,５,７－ｔｒｉｈｙｄｒｏｘｙｌ－４＾１－ｍｅｔｈｏｘｙ１－８－ｐｒｅｎｙ１－ｆｌａｖｏｎｅ－     

柴胡皂甙s的结构鉴定

从南柴胡（ＢｕｐｌｅｕｒｕｍｓｃｏｒｚｏｎｅｒｉｆｏｌｉｕｍＷｉｌｄ．）根中分得５个三萜皂甙。根据理化性质和波谱数据,鉴定其中新皂甙为３β,１６α,２３,２８四羟基齐墩果烷１１,１３（１８）二烯３ＯβＤ吡喃葡萄糖基（１→６）［αＬ吡喃鼠李糖基（１→４）］βＤ吡喃葡萄糖甙,命名为柴胡皂甙ｓ（ｓａｉｋｏｓａｐｏｎｉｎｓ）。另４个皂甙分别为柴胡皂甙ａ、ｃ、ｂ１、ｂ２。     

Recent advances in the study of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus replication and pathogenesis

It has now been over twenty years since a novel herpesviral genome was identified in Kaposi's sarcoma biopsies. Since then, the cumulative research effort by molecular biologists, virologists, clinicians, and epidemiologists alike has led to the extensive characterization of this tumor virus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus(KSHV; also known as human herpesvirus 8(HHV-8)), and its associated diseases. Here we review the current knowledge of KSHV biology and pathogenesis, with a particular emphasis on new and exciting advances in the field of epigenetics. We also discuss the development and practicality of various cell culture and animal model systems to study KSHV replication and pathogenesis.     

The structure, reproduction and taxonomy of Vidalia and Osmundaria (Rhodophyta, Rhodomelaceae)

Comprises species occurring mostly in subtidal habitats in tropical, subtropical and warm-temperate areas of the world. An analysis of the type species, V. spiralis (Sonder) Lamouroux ex J. Agardh, a species from Australia, establishes basic characters for distinguishing species in the genus. These characters are (1) branching patterns of thalli, (2) flat blades that may be spiralled on their axis, (3) width of the blade, (4) primary or secondary derivation of sterile and fertile branchlets and (5) position of sterile and fertile branchlets on the thalli. Application of the latter two characters provides an important basic method for separation of species into three major groups. Osmundaria , a genus known only in southern Australia, was studied in relation to Vidalia , and its separation from the Vidalia assemblage is not accepted. Species of Vidalia therefore are transferred to the older genus name, Osmundaria. Two new species, Osmundaria papenfussii and Osmundaria oliveae are described from Natal. Confusion in the usage of the epithet, Vidalia fimbriala Brown ex Turner has been clarified, and Vidalia gregaria Falkenberg, described as an epiphyte on Osmundaria pro/ifera Lamouroux, is revealed to be young branches of the host, Osmundaria prolifera.     

New or rare chromosome counts in Artemisia L. (Asteraceae, Anthemideae) and related genera from Kazakhstan

Fifteen chromosome counts of six Artemisia taxa and one species of each of the genera Brachanthemum, Hippolytia, Kaschgaria, Lepidolopsis and Turaniphytum are reported from Kazakhstan. Three of them are new reports, two are not consistent with previous counts and the remainder are confirmations of very scarce (one to four) earlier records. All the populations studied have the same basic chromosome number, x = 9, with ploidy levels ranging from 2x to 6x. Some correlations between ploidy level, morphological characters and distribution are noted.     

肝癌中HBV和HCV基因和抗原的分布及意义

采用原位分子杂交方法检测HCV RNA及HBV X基因;采用免疫组织化学方法研究HCV核心抗原,非结构区C33c抗原及HBxAg在肝细胞肝癌中的定位及分布.结果表明(1)HCV RNA、HBV X基因在肝细胞肝癌组织检出率分别为40%(55/136)和82%(112/136).HCV RNA定位于癌细胞的胞浆内,阳性细胞呈散在、灶状及弥漫分布三种形式;HBV X基因在肝癌细胞中的分布呈胞浆型、核型及核浆型,阳性细胞也呈上述三种分布形式;(2)HCV C33c抗原、核心抗原在肝细胞肝癌中的阳性率为81%(133/164)及86%(141/164).C33c抗原定位于癌细胞及肝细胞的胞浆内;核心抗原既定位于癌细胞核中,又可定位于胞浆中.C33c抗原阳性细胞以灶状分布为主;而核心抗原阳性细     

Selection with two alleles and complete dominance

For a plant selection model with frequency-independent viabilities, fertilities and selfing rates, it is shown that apart from global fixation, for certain parameter combinations a protected polymorphism and facultative fixation (either allele may become fixed according to initial frequencies) may both occur. Facultative fixation requires different selling rates for the dominant and recessive type. Protection of the polymorphism requires resource allocation for male and female function. In this connection the problem of purely genetically caused population extinction is discussed.
For general frequency dependence and regular segregation, the chances for establishment of a completely recessive gene are compared to those of a completely dominant gene. It is proven that the process of establishment of the recessive gene, despite a fitness advantage, may be considerably endangered by drift effects if random mating prevails. The recessive gene may reach the same effectivity in establishment as a dominant gene, only if the recessive homozygote mates exclusively with its own type during the period of establishment.