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《环境昆虫学报》2013,35(1):44-48
采用不同诱导方法、不同诱导剂量及不同诱导时间诱导黑水虻Hermetia illucens L.幼虫产生抗菌肽,通过研磨提取法提取幼虫抗菌肽粗提物,并对所提取粗提物进行抑菌活性的比较研究,以优化黑水虻幼虫抗菌肽的诱导条件,为黑水虻抗菌肽的分离纯化提供最佳的实验方法。结果表明,不同龄期黑水虻幼虫产生抗菌肽的抑菌活性不同,最佳诱导龄期为5龄;不同诱导方法产生抗菌肽对大肠杆菌抑菌活性不同,大肠杆菌菌液针刺浸泡60 s,诱导后饲养24 h提取抗菌肽抑菌活性最好,其次为超声波100 W诱导20 min产生抗菌肽抑菌活性,但二者活性相比差异不显著;大肠杆菌菌液、金黄色葡萄球菌菌液注射诱导、金黄色葡萄球菌菌液针刺浸泡诱导及40 w超声波诱导所产生抗菌肽虽有一定的抑菌效果但与前两种方法相比差异显著。 相似文献
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将两种水生动物分泌的抗菌肽基因克隆到原核表达载体pGEX-4T-1上,构建了pGEX-Y18和pGEX-CEC1两个融合蛋白表达载体,转化至E.coli Rosetta 中进行表达,表达的融合蛋白主要以包涵体形式存在。融合蛋白经复性、酶切处理获得抗菌肽Y18和CEC1。抑菌实验结果表明:融合蛋白GST-Y18和GST-CEC1、抗菌肽Y18和CEC1都能有效地抑制E. coli DH5α、S. aureus、B. subtilis和S. cerevisiae的生长。 相似文献
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【目的】测定黄粉虫Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus幼虫抗菌肽提取液的浓度、抑菌活性及其部分生化特性和凝血效应。【方法】本实验用浓度为1×108 CFU/m L大肠杆菌Escherichia coli诱导5龄黄粉虫幼虫,分别在诱导12、24、36、48、60和72 h后提取其中的抗菌肽,并用考马斯亮兰法测定抗菌肽粗提液蛋白的浓度,并用滤纸片法测定其抑菌活性,同时对其热稳定性、反复冻融稳定性、蛋白酶稳定性及不同p H对其活性的影响等生化特性及凝血效应进行了探究。【结果】经大肠杆菌诱导的黄粉虫抗菌肽粗提液的蛋白浓度均显著高于未诱导的黄粉虫组(P<0.01),且在诱导48 h时产生的抗菌肽提取液蛋白的浓度最高,产生的抑菌圈直径也显著高于未诱导的黄粉虫组(P<0.05),生化特性的测定结果显示,黄粉虫抗菌肽有较好的热稳定性、酶稳定性及酸碱稳定性,反复冻溶后对其抑菌活性影响不大,并且无凝血效应。【结论】大肠杆菌可以刺激黄粉虫的免疫系统,增加抗菌肽的表达量,使其产生浓度高、活性强的抗菌肽,且生化特性较稳定。本研究对黄粉虫抗菌肽作为绿色抗生素用于畜牧养殖业的进一步开发与利用提供了科学的理论依据。 相似文献
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杂合抗菌肽CecA-mil的改造及在毕赤酵母中的分泌表达 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
参照毕赤氏巴斯德酵母(Pichia pastorts)偏好密码子,改造并化学合成杂合抗菌肽CecA-mil基因,改造后的CecA-mil基因克隆到pPICZα-A载体中,构建分泌型重组酵母表达载体pPICZα-A-CM,转化Pichia pastoris受体菌X-33。在醇氧化酶(AOX)启动子调控下,分子量约1.9kD的CecA-mil杂合抗菌肽获得表达,经表达条件优化,重组酵母菌的摇瓶发酵产率可达到245μg/mL。抗菌特性研究表明,该表达产物具有广谱抗菌活性,对多数G^-菌及G^ 菌均有较好的抑菌活性,特别是对氨苄青霉素抗性菌和卡那霉素抗性菌抑杀效果更好;具有热稳定性和酸稳定性。这些特点使得重组抗菌肽CecA-mil在食品防腐、疾病防治和动物饲料添加剂等方面显露出很好的应用前景。 相似文献
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目的:在毕赤酵母中表达新疆家蚕抗菌肽基因(Cecropin-XJ)并检测其活性.方法:根据作者实验室已克隆获得的新疆家蚕抗菌肽(Cecropin-XJ)基因设计引物,通过PCR方法扩增Cecropin-XJ,将PCR产物和表达载体pPIC9K用EcoR Ⅰ及Not Ⅰ双酶切,构建重组表达质粒pPIC9K-(Cecropin-XJ),酶切及测序正确后,电转化到毕赤酵母GS115,对分泌表达的重组蛋白进行活性检测.结果:PCR扩增获得192 bp Cecropin-XJ,成功构建pPIC9K-Cecropin-XJ,优化诱导条件证明在pH 6的BMMY培养液中,0.5%甲醇诱导约48h后,获得的表达产物活性较强,对多种革兰氏阴性菌和阳性菌具有抗菌活性,在100℃条件下,其活性可维持100min以上.结论:新疆家蚕抗菌肽在毕赤酵母中分泌表达,为大规模发酵生产奠定了基础. 相似文献
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本研究对来源于苦荞的α-螺旋发夹抗菌肽FtAMP抗真菌机制与结构之间的关系进行了研究。首先人工合成了FtAMP分子中N-端和C-端的α-螺旋(FtAMP-N和FtAMP-C),探究两个α-螺旋究竟是哪个螺旋在起抗菌作用。然后以FtAMP为模板,α-螺旋区电荷和两亲性特征为变化要素,利用螺旋轮投影和特定氨基酸残基替换的方法,对其进行初步分子改造,并通过对多肽结构和活性比较,探讨FtAMP结构-功能的关系。研究表明,FtAMP-N和FtAMP-C都显示出良好的抗菌活性。根据螺旋轮投影方法分析螺旋的两亲性特征,并以FtAMP氨基酸序列为模板,分别表达4个FtAMP突变体(FtAMP-E12A、FtAMP-E12A/E9K、FtAMP-E12A/E9A和FtAMP-E12A/E9K/T24E)。圆二色光谱分析显示,4个多肽都可正确折叠成α-螺旋结构,在208 nm和222 nm处有典型的双负峰,表明氨基酸的改变及其表达过程中并未改变多肽的二级结构。抗真菌活性分析显示,与FtAMP相比,4种突变体对植物真菌的抑制作用均有一定增强。特别是FtAMP-E12A/E9K突变体,其抗真菌作用增强约1倍,同时诱导溶血活性并不显著,选择特异性提高近2倍。该研究也进一步表明,α-螺旋发夹抗菌肽发挥抗真菌效应主要与其螺旋结构有关,而与其抑制剂的活性位点没有关系,为该类抗菌肽结构和功能的关系提供了一定的参考。 相似文献
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目的 纯化黄粉虫抗菌肽Tenecin蛋白,并检测其抑菌活性.方法用1 mmol/L IPTG大量诱导表达Tenecin蛋白,纯化后检测其抑菌活性,包括金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)ATCC 29213,大肠埃希菌(Escherichia coli)ATCC 25922,白色念珠菌(Candida albicans)ATCC 10231和痢疾志贺氏菌(Shigella dysenteriae)CMCC 51252等4种标准菌.结果 SDS-PAGE电泳检测表明已获得纯化的Tenecin蛋白;体外抑菌试验结果表明,浓度为120、60、30、15 μg/ml的Tenecin与4种标准菌共培养18 h后,对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制作用最强,而对白色念珠菌的抑制作用最弱.对同一菌种而言,浓度为60和30 μg/ml两组间无统计学意义(P>0.05),而其他各浓度的组间均有显著性差异(P<0.01);对同一浓度的Tenecin而言,其对白色念珠菌和痢疾志贺氏菌的抑菌效果组间无统计学意义(P>0.05),其余各组之间均有显著性差异(P<0.01).结论 获得的Tenecin蛋白可明显抑制病原菌,为进一步研究其抑菌机理和后期研发奠定了基础. 相似文献
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杂合抗菌肽在毕赤酵母中的表达及其活性测定 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
为获得溶血活性低、抗菌活性高的杂合抗菌肽,以家蝇抗菌肽Cec Md和中国林蛙抗菌肽Chensirin为母体肽,并结合毕赤酵母偏爱密码子的原则,设计出6条具有抗菌潜力的新型杂合抗菌肽,将其命名为CC22、CC28、CC29、CC30和CC34(1),CC34,利用SOE-PCR技术合成所需的目的基因,并将其克隆至毕赤酵母表达载体pGAPZαA,通过电击转化技术,将其转化至毕赤酵母SMD1168中,经含有Zeocin的抗性平板筛选阳性转化子,YPD液体培养72h后,经Tricine-SDS-PAGE检测出目的蛋白,然后采用高效液相色谱法对其进行纯化。检测结果显示,表达产物CC29对大肠杆菌、鸡沙门氏菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)均为25μg/ml;CC34(1)对大肠杆菌表现相对较弱的抑制作用,最小抑菌浓度为100μg/ml;CC34对鸡沙门氏菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的最小抑菌浓度为50μg/ml;且杂合抗菌肽对有益菌均没有表现出抑制作用。6条杂合肽的溶血活性均呈现较低水平,其中表现出抗菌活性的3条抗菌肽中,以CC29的溶血活性最低,CC34(1)和CC34相对次之。结合抑菌活性,CC29和CC34的抑菌效果较为明显,从而确定溶血活性低且抗菌活性较高的CC29和CC34为新型杂合抗菌肽。 相似文献
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A. Yu. Khrushchev I. A. Kashparov L. V. Klimenko Yu. V. Mitin 《Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry》2007,33(6):544-548
Branched peptides E(RLAR)2, E[E(RLAR)2]2, and E(KLAR)2, E[E(KLAR)2]2 were synthesized on the basis of tetrapeptides RLAR and KLAR and glutamic acid bis(pentafluorophenyl) ester. Their minimal antimicrobial concentrations were shown to decrease along with increase in branching, achieving 12 μM for Escherichia coli cells, which is comparable to antimicrobial activities of temporin, magainin, and dermaseptin. The branched peptides were found not to act on human erythrocytes. 相似文献
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Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), with their extraordinary properties, such as broad-spectrum activity, rapid action and difficult development of resistance, have become promising molecules as new antibiotics. Despite their various mechanisms of action, the interaction of AMPs with the bacterial cell membrane is the key step for their mode of action. Moreover, it is generally accepted that the membrane is the primary target of most AMPs, and the interaction between AMPs and eukaryotic cell membranes (causing toxicity to host cells) limits their clinical application. Therefore, researchers are engaged in reforming or de novo designing AMPs as a ‘single-edged sword’ that contains high antimicrobial activity yet low cytotoxicity against eukaryotic cells. To improve the antimicrobial activity of AMPs, the relationship between the structure and function of AMPs has been rigorously pursued. In this review, we focus on the current knowledge of α-helical cationic antimicrobial peptides, one of the most common types of AMPs in nature. 相似文献
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Bacterial resistance to antimicrobial peptides 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) or host defense peptides (HDPs) are vital components of human innate defense system targeting human‐related bacteria. Many bacteria have various mechanisms interfering with AMP activity, causing resistance to AMPs. Since AMPs are considered as potential novel antimicrobial drugs, understanding the mechanisms of bacterial resistance to direct killing of AMPs is of great significance. In this review, a comparative overview of bacterial strategies for resistance to direct killing of various AMPs is presented. Such strategies include bacterial cell envelope modification, AMP degradation, sequestration, expelling, and capsule. 相似文献
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[目的]为了发现新的农作物病原菌抗菌肽,人工设计并构建了大容量短肽文库,从中筛选并合成96条短肽用于鉴定其对农作物病原菌的抑菌活性.[方法]采用琼脂扩散法,对靶标菌一棉花枯萎病菌(Fusarium f.sp.vasinfecum)、棉花红腐病菌(Fusarium moniliforme)、小麦根腐病菌(Bipolaris sorokiniana)和马铃薯早疫病菌(Alternaria solani)进行抑菌初筛,并测定了有抗菌作用短肽的最小抑菌浓度和抑菌持久性.[结果]得到了A6、D4和F10对上述四种病原真菌抑菌效果较强,抑菌时间较长的抗菌肽,通过与抗菌肽数据库氨基酸序列对比,未见这3条抗菌肽的同源序列.[结论]研制的3条短肽属于新颖抗菌肽,为防治农作物真菌病害提供了新的基因资源. 相似文献
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《Microbes and infection / Institut Pasteur》2015,17(6):402-408
Chlamydia trachomatis infection in the lower genital tract, if untreated, can ascend to the upper genital tract, potentially leading to complications such as tubal factor infertility. The ascension involves cell-to-cell spreading, which may require C. trachomatis organisms to overcome mucosal extracellular effectors such as antimicrobial peptides. We found that among the 8 antimicrobial peptides tested, the cathelicidin LL-37 that is produced by both urogenital epithelial cells and the recruited neutrophils possessed a most potent antichlamydial activity. Interestingly, this antichlamydial activity was completely inhibited by CPAF, a C. trachomatis-secreted serine protease. The inhibition was dependent on CPAF's proteolytic activity. CPAF selectively degraded LL-37 and other antimicrobial peptides with an antichlamydial activity. CPAF is known to secrete into and accumulate in the infected host cell cytoplasm at the late stage of chlamydial intracellular growth and may be released to confront the extracellular antimicrobial peptides before the intra-inclusion organisms are exposed to extracellular environments during host cell lysis and chlamydial spreading. Thus, the finding that CPAF selectively targets host antimicrobial peptides that possess antichlamydial activities for proteolysis suggests that CPAF may contribute to C. trachomatis pathogenicity by aiding in ascending infection. 相似文献
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The ability of skin antimicrobial peptides of the southern bell frog, Litoria raniformis, to neutralize in vitro the endotoxin, proinflammatory lipopolysaccharide (LPS) complex, from two different gram‐negative bacterial pathogens, human pathogen Escherichia coli (0111:B4) and frog pathogen Klebsiella pneumoniae, was investigated. The LPS neutralization activity of the natural mixture of skin antimicrobial peptides was measured using chromogenic Limulus amebocyte lysate assays. These skin antimicrobial peptides neutralized the LPSs from both pathogens at physiologically relevant concentrations (IC50 < 100 µg/mL) showing their potential for non‐specific LPS neutralization in vivo in the skin of infected frogs and for development of anti‐endotoxin agents. 相似文献