13933例妇科门诊患者人乳头瘤病毒感染状况分析

目的探讨河北医科大学第四医院妇科门诊患者人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染情况及型别分布情况,为预防HPV感染和宫颈癌防治提供依据。方法采用核酸分子快速导流杂交技术对13 933例妇科门诊患者的宫颈细胞标本进行21种HPV亚型的基因检测,不同年龄组HPV感染率比较采用卡方检验。结果 13933例受检者中,HPV感染5 979例,感染率为42.9%。共计检出21种亚型,9 023例次HPV感染,其中HPV高危型7 823例次占86.7%,感染前三位分别为HPV-16、HPV-52、HPV-58;HPV低危型1 200例次占13.3%,感染前三位分别为HPV-CP8304、HPV-11、HPV-6;17~25岁和≥56岁年龄组HPV感染率相对较高,与其他年龄组比较差异有统计学意义。结论妇科门诊患者HPV感染率较高,且以高危型HPV感染为主,其中最常见的感染亚型是HPV-16、HPV-52、HPV-58。不同年龄组HPV感染率差异有统计学意义,17~25岁和≥56岁年龄组HPV感染率相对较高。     

新疆维族妇女感染的HPV型别分布的研究

目的:探讨人乳头瘤状病毒(Human papillomavirus,HPV)在新疆南部维族妇女人群中的型别分布情况.方法:以年龄在30-59岁的新疆伽师县夏普吐勒乡维吾尔族妇女人群为基础进行筛查,签署知情同意书后,采集受试者宫颈脱落细胞,利用PCR和基因芯片技术检测HPVDNA并分型.结果:共2473名妇女入选.HPV总的感染率为9.1%,高危型中HPV-16的感染率最高为6.9%,其他高危型的感染率从高到低依次为HPV-59、HPV-56、HPV-18、HPV-33、HPV-58、HPV-51、HPV-31、HPV-45、HPV-52、HPV-68、HPV-35和HPV-39.低危型中HPV11感染率最高,其他低危型的感染率从高到低依次为HPV-42、HPV-43、HPV-6、HPV-53、HPV-66和HPV-73.HPV-44、HPV-83、HPV-MM4没检测到.多重感染率为34.2%.结论:新疆维吾尔族妇女人群中以HPV16感染为主,其次为HPV59、56、18、33等.HPV59可能是新疆维吾尔族妇女较易感染的类型.体现了新疆维吾尔族妇女感染HPV的特殊性.     

新疆维族妇女感染的HPV 型别分布的研究

目的:探讨人乳头瘤状病毒(Human papillomavirus,HPV)在新疆南部维族妇女人群中的型别分布情况。方法:以年龄在30-59岁的新疆伽师县夏普吐勒乡维吾尔族妇女人群为基础进行筛查,签署知情同意书后,采集受试者宫颈脱落细胞,利用PCR和基因芯片技术检测HPV DNA并分型。结果:共2473名妇女入选。HPV总的感染率为9.1%,高危型中HPV-16的感染率最高为6.9%,其他高危型的感染率从高到低依次为:HPV-59、HPV-56、HPV-18、HPV-33、HPV-58、HPV-51、HPV-31、HPV-45、HPV-52、HPV-68、HPV-35、HPV-39。低危型中HPV11感染率最高,其他低危型的感染率从高到低依次为HPV-42、HPV-43、HPV-6、HPV-53、HPV-66、HPV-73。HPV-44、-83、-MM4没检测到。多重感染率为34.2%。结论:新疆维吾尔族妇女人群中以HPV16感染为主,其次为HPV59、56、18、33等。HPV59可能是新疆维吾尔族妇女较易感染的类型。体现了新疆维吾尔族妇女感染HPV的特殊性。     

咖啡酸抗人乳头瘤病毒感染的研究

宫颈癌(Cervical cancer,CC)是妇科最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,而高危型人乳头瘤病毒(Human papillomavirus,HPV)的持续感染是诱导宫颈癌发生的重要危险因素。目前全球抗HPV药物极为匮乏,寻找新的高效、低毒、价廉的广谱抗病毒药物对HPV感染的防治至关重要。本文研究发现,咖啡酸(Caffeic acid,CA)能有效抑制三株不同亚型的HPV感染(HPV-6、HPV-16及HPV-18),其半数抑制浓度在12.1～16.5μg/mL之间。Time-of-addition结果证实,咖啡酸对病毒进入靶细胞的早期阶段具有一定抑制作用。Temperature shift实验发现,咖啡酸能一定程度抑制HPV病毒颗粒黏附于靶细胞表面。表面等离子共振分析表明,咖啡酸与HPV-16型病毒的主要衣壳蛋白L1具有极强的结合力。综上,咖啡酸具有较高的抗HPV活性,其作用机制可能是与病毒衣壳蛋白L1结合,从而阻止病毒黏附并进入靶细胞。咖啡酸具有安全、价廉、易得等优势,有望被开发成新型的抗HPV病毒感染的抑制剂,因其尚能同时抵抗多种性传播性病毒的感染,对HPV并发的多种性传播性疾病具有较好的预防作用,应用前景广泛。     

人乳头状瘤病毒癌蛋白E6和E7双标记质粒的构建及应用

目的:构建人乳头状瘤病毒(human papillomavirus,HPV)-16 E6、E7癌蛋白及其突变型的双筛选标记质粒并筛选出稳定表达HPV-16癌蛋白的肺癌A549细胞株。方法:以携带新霉素抗性基因neo的pEGFP质粒(pEGFP-N1)为空载体,在EcoRⅠ和BamHⅠ位点间插入HPV-16 E6、E7及其突变型基因。新构建的质粒鉴定后转染A549细胞并用G418筛选,多次挑取单克隆后用流式细胞仪分选带荧光的细胞。结果:PCR、双酶切鉴定结果及DNA序列测定结果均证实质粒构建正确;PCR扩增结果显示细胞中存在目的基因;流式细胞术结果显示细胞阳性率高;Western blotting结果显示细胞能表达HPV-16 E6、HPV-16 E7蛋白。结论:成功构建pEGFP-E6、E7质粒并筛选出稳定表达E6和E7癌蛋白的A549细胞株,为进一步研究HPV对肺癌的影响奠定了基础;同时发现G418筛选结合流式细胞仪分选可提高稳定转染细胞的阳性率。     

四川地区宫颈癌HPV59型感染及其E6基因突变

宫颈癌是妇科常见的恶性肿瘤,特定型别的人 乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染是引发宫颈癌的主要因 素。根据HPV致癌性的不同可分为高危型,低 危型。Munoz N[2]等对来自9个国家的1918例宫 颈癌组织进行各型HPV筛查,最终确认HPV-16、 18、26、31、33、35、39、45、51、52、53、56、58、59、66、 68、73及82型为高危型。李洁等[3]用核酸印迹技 术对1986至1994年间来自我国14个省市自治区 的1008宫颈癌组织进行HPV型别检测,发现 HPV-16、18、31、35、51、58等型的存在,并发现各 地区主要流行型别随地理位置有所差异。     

四川地区宫颈癌HPV59型感染及其E6基因突变

宫颈癌是妇科常见的恶性肿瘤,特定型别的人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染是引发宫颈癌的主要因素[1].根据HPV致癌性的不同可分为高危型,低危型.Munoz N[2]等对来自9个国家的1918例宫颈癌组织进行各型HPV筛查,最终确认HPV-16、18、26、31、33、35、39、45、51、52、53、56、58、59、66、68、73及82型为高危型.李洁等[3]用核酸印迹技术对1986至1994年间来自我国14个省市自治区的1008宫颈癌组织进行HPV型别检测,发现HPV-16、18、31、35、51、58等型的存在,并发现各地区主要流行型别随地理位置有所差异.     

银屑病合并鲍恩病患者皮损中检出多种类型HPV一例

目的:探讨人乳头瘤病毒在银屑病合并多发鲍恩病患者皮损中的检出状况.方法:对病理确诊的一例银屑病合并多发鲍恩病的多个皮损分别进行DNA提取,采用巢式PCR方法进行HPV的DNA检测.结果:面部银屑病皮损有两种类型HPV检出,分别为HPV3型和23型,大腿部银屑病皮损中除了HPV3型和HPV23型被检出以外,尚有HPV38型,75型,82型,FA1型和FA2型等多种HPV类型被检出,阴茎部位鲍恩病皮损中有两种类型检出,分别是66型和82型.结论:银屑病长期应用免疫抑制剂治疗,可能导致HPV不显性感染,而反复多发的鲍恩病可能与多种类型的HPV感染密切相关.     

HPV-16/18血清中和抗体阳性率及其与宫颈病变相关性研究

高危型人乳头瘤病毒(Human papillomavirus,HPV)持续感染可导致癌前病变,以HPV-16/HPV-18型感染最为常见,但HPV感染所产生的中和抗体(Neutralizing Antibody,nAb)对宫颈癌及癌前病变的相关关系尚不明确.本研究旨在探索HPV-16/HPV-18在不同的中和抗体与DNA感染状态下的年龄分布及其和宫颈组织学病变的相关性.通过横断面研究,本研究于2012年11月至2013年4月招募7372名18～45岁健康女性.收集每个受试者血清用假病毒中和抗体定性检测HPV-16和HPV-18中和抗体;采集宫颈细胞学样本用于液基细胞学诊断,并用HPV SPF10 PCR-DEIA-LiPA25分型检测系统及HPV-16/HPV-18型特异性DNA酶联免疫测定法联合检测HPV-16/HPV-18 DNA;召回细胞学异常的受试者在阴道镜下采集组织学标本进行病理诊断.结果 显示,HPV-16和HPV-18中和抗体(nAb)阳性率为12.56％,4.94％,DNA阳性率为2.69％和0.92％,nAb与DNA的一致率较低.HPV-16和HPV-18DNA-/nAb+人群在27～45岁的大龄组女性中比例均高于18～26岁女性.DNA+/nAb+和DNA+/nAb-人群在18～26岁和27～45岁年龄组中比例无统计学差异.多因素分析结果显示,与DNA-/nAb-人群相比,HPV-16 DNA +/nAb-人群发生宫颈高度病变CIN2+的风险较高,而DNA+/nAb+则风险更高,调整OR分别为33.80 (95％CI:16.50～69.23)和63.86 (95％CI:36.57～111.52);HPV-18呈现相同的规律,调整OR分别为5.39 (95％CI:1.14～25.56)和7.83 (1.61～38.14).HPV-16或HPV-18 DNA阳性的女性是宫颈组织学病变的高危人群,而若DNA阳性伴有同型抗体阳性的人群则风险更高,这对于探究宫颈病变的自然发病机理具有一定意义.     

外阴皮肤营养不良组织中人乳头瘤病毒DNA的检测

采用Southern Blot分子杂交方法检测了9例外阴皮肤营养不良组织中人乳头瘤病毒DNA的存在情况。结果显示8例增生型营养不良组织中,2例HPV-16阳性,1例HPV33阳性,在3例组织中探测到HPV16相关序列,在1例混合型中也检测到HPV16相关序例,HPV DNA的总检出率为77％。结果提示外阴皮肤营养不良的发生可能与HPV感染有关。     

HPV感染、FHIT蛋白表达与非小细胞肺癌的相关性研究

目的探讨人乳头瘤病毒感染在NSCLC发生中的病因学意义,同时分析FHIT蛋白表达与NSCLC发生及HPV感染的关系.方法采用PCR方法选用通用型引物和HPV16、18型特异性引物分别对42例NSCLC及14例肺良性病变组织进行检测.免疫组化SP法检测FHIT蛋白的表达水平.结果 HPV DNA检出率肺癌组为42.9%,肺良性病变组为7.1%,二者有显著性差异(P<0.05).HPV感染率在肺鳞癌(53.6%)显著高于腺癌(21.4%),且随着分化程度降低,其感染率增高,在吸烟患者(57.7%)显著高于不吸烟患者(18.8%);FHIT蛋白异常表达率肺癌组为61.9%,与肺良性病变组(28.6%)比较有显著性差异(P<0.05).肺癌中HPV阳性组FHIT蛋白异常表达率为83.3%,明显高于HPV阴性组(45.8%,P<0.05).结论 HPV感染与NSCLC组织学类型、分化程度及吸烟有关,它可能是导致NSCLC发生的重要病因学因素之一;FHIT蛋白异常表达与NSCLC发生及HPV感染有关,HPV可能通过诱导FHIT表达异常参与NSCLC的发生发展过程.     

Human papillomavirus prevalence in lung carcinomas in Bulgaria

A possible association between high‐risk human papillomaviruses (HPV) and lung cancer has been investigated for decades with discrepant results. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of HPV16 and 18 in Bulgarian patients with lung cancer. Two hundred and nine biopsy specimens from patients with histologically proven lung cancer and without cancer were analyzed. Each sample was subjected to three parallel PCRs using broad spectrum GP5+/6+ primers and type‐specific (TS) primers for HPV types 16 and 18. Of the 132 lung carcinoma samples, 33 (25%) were positive for HPV16 and/or HPV18 by TS PCR whereas only five (3.8%) samples were HPV positive by consensus PCR. All non‐malignant controls were HPV negative. HPV18 was the more prevalent, being found in 11.4% of samples, followed by HPV16 in 9.1% samples; 4.5% of lesions were positive for both HPV16 and HPV18. HPV16/18 were most prevalent in small cell carcinoma (29.2%) and least prevalent in squamous cell carcinoma (23.3%). HPV was only detected in squamous cell carcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma by consensus PCR. This study revealed a high HPV16/18 prevalence in lung carcinoma samples from Bulgarian patients when TS PCR was used to detect them. The difference between HPV positivity as detected by consensus and by TS PCR was significant, indicating the importance of methodological issues in explaining the discrepancies between previous studies. HPV18 was more common than HPV16. No association between HPV16/18 status and histopathological diagnosis was identified.

     

Detection of human papillomavirus in non-small cell lung carcinoma by polymerase chain reaction

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is one of the risk factors contributing to the pathogenesis of lung cancer. The aim of the study was to determine the presence of HPV in non-small cell carcinomas of the lung. The study included 40 tumors: 22 squamous cell carcinomas, 13 adenocarcinomas and 5 large cell carcinomas. HPV was found in 4 cases (10%). High risk HPV was present in 3 tumors: in one squamous cell carcinoma, one large cell carcinoma and one adenocarcinoma, while low risk HPV was detected in one adenocarcinoma.     

食管鳞癌人乳头状瘤病毒感染的原位杂交检测和观察

目的 :检测食管鳞癌中人乳头状瘤病毒 (HPV)的感染情况 ,探讨 HPV与食管癌发病的关系。方法 :用原位杂交技术及免疫组化方法对 33例食管鳞癌手术切除标本进行 HPV检测。结果 :用原位杂交方法检测食管鳞癌中 HPV DNA检出率为 4 5 .5 % (15 / 33)。HPV DNA阳性与食管鳞癌肿瘤细胞的分化程度无关 (P>0 .0 5 )。HPV衣壳蛋白的免疫组化检测均为阴性。结论 :HPV感染可能是引起食管上皮癌变的原因之一 ,与食管鳞癌的发生有关。即使在存在 HPV DNA的病例中 ,HPV衣壳蛋白亦可以不表达     

Human Papillomavirus Prevalence in Invasive Laryngeal Cancer in the United States

Purpose

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major risk factor for specific cancers of the head and neck, particularly malignancies of the tonsil and base of the tongue. However, the role of HPV in the development of laryngeal cancer has not been definitively established. We conducted a population-based, cancer registry study to evaluate and characterize the genotype-specific prevalence of HPV in invasive laryngeal cancer cases diagnosed in the U.S.

Methods

The presence of genotype-specific HPV DNA was evaluated using the Linear Array HPV Genotyping Test and the INNO-LiPA HPV Genotyping Assay in formalin-fixed paraffin embedded tissue from 148 invasive laryngeal cancer cases diagnosed in 1993–2004 within the catchment area of three U.S. SEER cancer registries.

Results

HPV DNA was detected in 31 of 148 (21%) invasive laryngeal cancers. Thirteen different genotypes were detected. Overall, HPV 16 and HPV 33 were the most commonly detected types. HPV was detected in 33% (9/27) of women compared with 18% (22/121) of men (p = 0.08). After adjustment for age and year of diagnosis, female patients were more likely to have HPV-positive laryngeal tumors compared to males (adjusted OR 2.84, 95% CI 1.07–7.51). Viral genotype differences were also observed between the sexes. While HPV 16 and 18 constituted half of HPV-positive cases occurring in men, among women, only 1 was HPV 16 positive and none were positive for HPV 18. Overall 5-year survival did not vary by HPV status.

Conclusions

HPV may be involved in the development of a subset of laryngeal cancers and its role may be more predominant in women compared to men.     

Comparison of human papillomavirus genotypes in archival cervical cancer specimens from Alaska natives, Greenland natives and Danish Caucasians

Archival, formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded cervical cancer specimens from 53 Alaska natives, 32 Greenland natives and 34 Danish Caucasians were analyzed for human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes 16, 18, 31, 33, 35 and 45 and unidentified genotypes (HPV X) using PCR. The specimens were from the time period 1980-1989. No significant differences were observed in the overall HPV detection rates among cases from Alaska (98.1%), Greenland (84.4%) and Denmark (85.3%). HPV genotype 16 was the most prevalent type: 78.8% in Alaska natives, 96.3% in Greenland natives and 82.8% in Danish Caucasians. A prevalence of 21.2% HPV 31 and 30.8% HPV 33 was found in Alaska natives, of which most were coinfections with HPV 16. Only 3.7% HPV 31 and 3.7% HPV 33 were found in Greenland natives and no HPV 31 and 6.9% HPV 33 were found in Danish Caucasians. HPV 18 was only detected in Alaska natives and HPV 35 and 45 were not detected in any of the three populations. Infections with multiple genotypes were prevalent in Alaskan (36.5%) but not in Greenland natives (3. 7%) and Danish Caucasians (6.9%). The Eskimo subgroup of the Alaska native population has a significantly higher prevalence of HPV genotypes 31 and 33 associated with mixed infections in invasive cancer than the two other native subgroups (P = 0.04) and Greenland and Danish populations, reflecting genotype distributions in dysplasia and normal cervical cytology. The reason for HPV genotype diversity, although unknown, may be relevant to the current development of HPV vaccines.     

Human papillomavirus genotypes among infected Thai women with different cytological findings by analysis of E1 genes

Cervical cytological data may not be sufficient for cervical cancer screening and prevention. In this project, we determined HPV genotype among infected Thai women with different cytological findings by characterization of E1 genes. Five hundred and thirty-five specimens were tested by PCR amplification of the E1 genes. HPV genotypes were determined by sequencing, comparison with the GenBank database and were analyzed in relation to different cytological findings. HPV-DNA by PCR were typed and revealed 32 different genotypes. HR-HPV (HPV16, 18 or 52) was detected in all samples with cervical cancer cytology. HPV16 was most prevalent irrespective of cervical cytology. Moreover, HPV31 and 52 were most prevalent in the HSIL and LSIL groups whereas HPV66 was found mostly in the LSIL group. The LSIL group displayed the highest variation of HPV genotypes. Moreover, HPV31 and 52 predominated in the HSIL and LSIL groups especially HPV52 which was found in cancer samples. We hoped that these data of HPV genotypes can be used as preliminary data of HPV in Thailand and can serve as basic data for future research into the HPV genotype in south-east Asia.     

Potential Benefits of Second-Generation Human Papillomavirus Vaccines

Background

Current prophylactic vaccines against human papillomavirus (HPV) target two oncogenic types (16 and 18) that contribute to 70% of cervical cancer cases worldwide. Our objective was to quantify the range of additional benefits conferred by second-generation HPV prophylactic vaccines that are expected to expand protection to five additional oncogenic types (31, 33, 45, 52 and 58).

Methods

A microsimulation model of HPV and cervical cancer calibrated to epidemiological data from two countries (Kenya and Uganda) was used to estimate reductions in lifetime risk of cervical cancer from the second-generation HPV vaccines. We explored the independent and joint impact of uncertain factors (i.e., distribution of HPV types, co-infection with multiple HPV types, and unidentifiable HPV types in cancer) and vaccine properties (i.e., cross-protection against non-targeted HPV types), compared against currently-available vaccines.

Results

Assuming complete uptake of the second-generation vaccine, reductions in lifetime cancer risk were 86.3% in Kenya and 91.8% in Uganda, representing an absolute increase in cervical cancer reduction of 26.1% in Kenya and 17.9% in Uganda, compared with complete uptake of current vaccines. The range of added benefits was 19.6% to 29.1% in Kenya and 14.0% to 19.5% in Uganda, depending on assumptions of cancers attributable to multiple HPV infections and unidentifiable HPV types. These effects were blunted in both countries when assuming vaccine cross-protection with both the current and second-generation vaccines.

Conclusion

Second-generation HPV vaccines that protect against additional oncogenic HPV types have the potential to improve cervical cancer prevention. Co-infection with multiple HPV infections and unidentifiable HPV types can influence vaccine effectiveness, but the magnitude of effect may be moderated by vaccine cross-protective effects. These benefits must be weighed against the cost of the vaccines in future analyses.