CO_2激光照射对油菜种子活力指数的数学模拟

本试验采用多项式模拟方法 ,研究 CO2 激光对油菜种子活力指标的影响 ,分别得出了发芽种子的下胚轴长与 CO2 激光照射时间 ;发芽种子的胚根长与 CO2 激光照射时间 ;种子的发芽指数与 CO2 激光照射时间 ;萌动种子的过氧化氢酶活性与 CO2 激光照射时间 ;地上部鲜重与 CO2 激光照射时间 ;全株鲜重与 CO2 激光照射时间的数学模型。揭示了油菜种子活力与 CO2 激光照射时间的关系。     

CO2激光照射对油菜种子活力指数的数学模拟

本试验采用多项式模拟方法,研究ＣＯ２激光对油菜种子活力指标的影响,分别得出了发芽种子的下胚轴长与ＣＯ２激光照射时间;发芽种子的胚根长与ＣＯ２激光照射时间;种子的发芽指数与ＣＯ２激光照射时间;萌动种子的过氧化氢酶活性与ＣＯ２激光照射时间;地上部鲜重与ＣＯ２激光照射时间;全株鲜重与ＣＯ２激光照射时间的数学模型。揭示了油菜种子活力与ＣＯ２激光照射时间的关系。     

激光对小麦陈种子萌发和生长的影响

用不同剂量的He-Ne激光辐照贮存3年的小麦种子.结果显示适宜的激光可降低小麦陈种子浸出液的电导率;有效地提高小麦陈种子的发芽势、发芽率、芽长和芽鲜重;显著提高小麦幼苗的苗高和根长,表明激光辐照是提高小麦陈种子萌发力和幼苗生长力的有效方法.     

亚毫米波激光辐照对水稻抗病性的诱变效应

本文研究了亚毫米波激光对水稻的稻瘟病抗性和白叶枯病抗性的诱变作用;结果表明,亚毫米波激光辐照干种子可以部分提高其稻瘟病抗性,而对吸涨种子和露白种子的诱变作用较弱。     

半导体激光辐照对花生种子活力的影响

采用３５０ｎｗ,８１０ｎｍ近红外光导体激光辐照花生干种子,经激光辐照后,种子胚根生长速度加快,胚根长度增加,侧根数目增加,种子出苗率提高。幼苗苗鲜重与根鲜重指标均高于对照组。实验证明,适当剂量的近红外半导体激光辐照可提高花生种子活力,促进幼苗生长。     

激光对干旱胁迫下油松种子萌发的生物学效应

用He-Ne激光以不同的时间辐照油松种子,在聚乙二醇(PEG6000)模拟干旱胁迫条件下对其进行萌发实验。结果表明:激光辐照油松种子在干旱胁迫条件下的发芽率、活力指数、生物量等分别提高32.23%、81.19%和46.58%;萌发期油松种子幼苗保护酶系统的超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性显著提高,与对照组相比分别提高28.70%、46.52%。膜脂的过氧化物丙二醛含量明显下降,防止或降低了膜脂过氧化作用对膜的伤害。激光辐照油松种子其保护酶活性的提高,可能是激光促进干旱胁迫条件下种子发芽率、活力指数、生物量等生物学效应增强的原因。     

He-Ne激光和KT对小麦种子萌发与幼苗生长的影响

以冬小麦为实验材料,研究了单纯He-Ne激光处理、单纯激动素处理和He-Ne激光与激动素复合处理对小麦种子发芽率、生长势及叶绿素、可溶性蛋品质和可溶性糖合成的影响。结果表明：（1）三种处理均能提高种子的活力,促进种子萌发,相比之下He-Ne激光处理效果最好。（2）三种处理对幼苗生长、可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖以及叶绿素的合成具有显著的促进作用,从而加快了光合作用的进程。提高了幼苗干物质的含量,其中He-Ne激光与激动素复合处理效果最好,单纯He-Ne激光处理效果次之。     

不同波长激光辐照花生种子的生物学效应

本实验考察了Ｋ＋ｒ、Ａｒ＋、Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ、ＨｅＮｅ和ＬＤ等不同波长的激光辐照对花生种子产生的生物学效应。结果显示,适当剂量不同波长的激光辐照都能促进花生种子生长。在辐照剂量为０．１２８ｗ／ｃｍ２×１８０ｓ的条件下,较短波长激光对花生幼苗的促进作用比长波长激光显著;在辐照剂量为１．２８ｗ／ｃｍ２×１８ｓ的条件下,短波长激光对花生种子的萌发及胚的生长有抑制作用,而长波长激光有促进效应。在相同辐照剂量条件下,不同功率密度与时间的组合其辐照效果不同。１．２８ｗ／ｃｍ２功率密度的Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ（５３２ｎｍ）激光脉冲输出辐照对花生种子的生长产生显著的抑制作用。实验结果提示,要得到相同的辐照效果,长波长激光与短波长激光相比,必须提高辐照功率密度或加大辐照输出剂量。     

低剂量CO2激光对青椒,茄子生物学刺激效应的研究

本试验用８２５ｍｗ／ｃｍ￣２的ＣＯ＿２激光照射青椒种子１秒、３秒、５秒；茄子种子１０秒、１３秒、１５秒，以研究其生物学刺激效应，结果表明：１．激光照射提高了种子活力，２．激光照射增强了幼苗素质，并有显著促进早熟，增产的效果。     

番茄种子经激光和咖啡因处理后其当代生物效应的研究

咖啡因具有抑制一些酶的活性,可减弱或消除生物体自身对激光引起的生物效应的修复作用。试验证明咖啡因对番茄种子萌发有强烈的抑制作用,咖啡因和激光复合处理生物效应显著,可降低番茄种子的发芽,并促进番茄果实增大和生长前期速率加快。     

Free and Bound Amino Acids during Germination of Maize Seed with Preincorporated Foreign Prolamines

Wheat prolamines were preincorporated into the endosperm of maize seed, and concentrations of free and bound amino acids were measured in the endosperm and seedlings during seed germination. Incorporation of foreign prolamines lowered the rate of decrease of free proline concentration in both the endosperm (sprouting and shoots) and the embryo (sprouting). The seedlings at the stage of shoots were characterized by higher concentrations of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and tyrosine. At the stage of transition to autotrophic nutrition, the pool of amino acids that are physiologically important for plant growth was greater in maize seedlings with incorporated wheat prolamines.     

Free and bound amino acids during germination of maize seeds with implemented foreign prolamines

Wheat prolamines were preincorporated into the endosperm of maize seed, and concentrations of free and bound amino acids were measured in the endosperm and seedlings during seed germination. Incorporation of foreign prolamines lowered the decrease rate of free proline concentration in both the endosperm (sprouting and shoots) and the embryo (sprouting). The seedlings at the stage of shoots were characterized by higher concentrations of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, and tyrosine. At the stage of transition to autotrophic nutrition, the pool of amino acids that are physiologically important for the plant growth was greater in maize seedlings with incorporated wheat prolamines.     

He–Ne Laser Enhances Seed Germination and Salt Acclimation in Salvia officinalis Seedlings in a Manner Dependent on Phytochrome and H2O2

Protoplasma - In the current study the role of H2O2 in He–Ne laser-induced effects on seed germination and post-germinative performance of Salvia officinalis seedlings was assessed under both...     

The effect of molybdenum on seed dormancy in wheat

Molybdenum deficiency was induced in wheat growing in sand culture under controlled environmental conditions. Half the plants were treated with foliar applications of molybdenum at the six and flag leaf stages. Molybdenum-treated plants produced seed which was significantly more dormant that that harvested from the molybdenum-deficient plants. Molybdenum treatment also resulted in a higher nitrate and protein content of the seed. These findings, seen in the light of the proven success of molybdenum in preventing pre-harvest sprouting in maize, would seem to indicate that molybdenum has the potential to restrict pre-harvest sprouting losses in wheat growing in soils deficient in molybdenum.     

用积分球系统测量大鼠组织在不同光阑孔径下对氦-氖激光的温反射特性

本文对大鼠组织在不同光阑孔径下对He-Ne激光的漫反射特性进行了测量。实验采用了不同光阑孔径的积分球系统及He-Ne激光,并根据测量数据计算和分析了大鼠组织对该波长激光的漫反射特性。结果表明,有些大鼠组织在632.8nm波长的He-Ne激光照射下对不同的光阑孔径其漫反射率没有显著性区别,而有些大鼠组织在632.8nm波长的He-Ne激光照射下对不同的光阑孔径其漫长反射率有显著性区别,提示在测定不同生物组织的光学特性时,应考虑组织样品的受光照射的面积的大小对测定结果的精确度的影响。     

Pathogenic effects of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhimurium on sprouting and growth of maize

The study was undertaken to understand effects and survival of S. enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium), a zoonotic serovar, on maize seed germination and plant growth. All the four strains of S. enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhimurium significantly reduced germination of maize seeds in sprouting plates as well as in soil. About > or =2.7x10(3) Salmonella cfu ml(-1) of soaking water, while > or =2.7x10(7) Salmonella cfu g(-1) soil were required to significantly inhibit germination of maize. Similar inhibition of germination could be observed using > or = 16 mg of bacteria free Salmonella cell lysate (CL) protein per g of soil or > or =0.5 mg of CL protein per ml of soaking water in sprouting plates. At the constant dose of 3.6x10(7) to 3.8x10(7) Salmonella cfu or 5 mg cell lysate protein ml(-1) of soaking water, four strains of Salmonella significantly reduced germination, however difference between strains was insignificant. After germination too, maize growth was affected both by Salmonella organism and CL with little strain-to-strain variation. All Salmonella persisted in growing plants from 15 to 35 days of plant age and up to 190 days in soil. Maize plants once grown for a week in sterile soil were resistant to invasion of S. enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhimurium in their leaves even in doses as high as 7.6x10(9) cfu g(-1) of soil. Salmonella persisted better and longer in plants grown from contaminated seed sown in loam soil, but rarely in plants grew in sandy soil. All maize plants had Salmonella in their stumps even after 35 days of sowing irrespective of kind of soil, primary source of infection (soil or seed) and type of S. enterica subspecies enterica serovar Typhimurium strain. The study revealed that Salmonella is not only zoonotic but a phytopathogen also.     

Behavioral thermoregulation in mice subjected to high pressure

Mice exposed to normoxic He and Ne at increased pressure and allowed to choose between a neutral and a cool environment showed a preference for the cooler environment. This behavior was apparent at 5.7 but not at 2.5 atm He. At 11.3 atm He and Ne, the behavior was associated with a similar reduction in the deep body temperature to a new steady level. The reduction in body temperature increased with pressure, up to 35 atm He, the maximum studied. Since the heat transfer of the He and Ne gas mixtures is different and both gases exert negligible anesthetic effects, the hydrostatic pressure most likely affects behavioral thermoregulation by affecting neuronal function.     

Genes controlling seed dormancy and pre-harvest sprouting in a rice-wheat-barley comparison

Pre-harvest sprouting results in significant economic loss for the grain industry around the world. Lack of adequate seed dormancy is the major reason for pre-harvest sprouting in the field under wet weather conditions. Although this trait is governed by multiple genes it is also highly heritable. A major QTL controlling both pre-harvest sprouting and seed dormancy has been identified on the long arm of barley chromosome 5H, and it explains over 70% of the phenotypic variation. Comparative genomics approaches among barley, wheat and rice were used to identify candidate gene(s) controlling seed dormancy and hence one aspect of pre-harvest sprouting. The barley seed dormancy/pre-harvest sprouting QTL was located in a region that showed good synteny with the terminal end of the long arm of rice chromosome 3. The rice DNA sequences were annotated and a gene encoding GA20-oxidase was identified as a candidate gene controlling the seed dormancy/pre-harvest sprouting QTL on 5HL. This chromosomal region also shared synteny with the telomere region of wheat chromosome 4AL, but was located outside of the QTL reported for seed dormancy in wheat. The wheat chromosome 4AL QTL region for seed dormancy was syntenic to both rice chromosome 3 and 11. In both cases, corresponding QTLs for seed dormancy have been mapped in rice.C. Li and P. Ni contributed equally to this work     

He-Ne激光照射与雌激素对去卵巢雌兔血液流变性的影响

本实验将卵巢切除后的24只成年雌性兔分为4组,分别为A：卵巢切除组、B：雌激素治疗组、C：He-Ne激光血管内照射组、D：雌激素加He—Ne激光血管内照射组,分别测定其血液粘度等6项血液流变学指标。研究比较雌激素与低强度He—Ne激光血管内照射对去卵巢雌兔血液流变学的影响,为两者对绝经后妇女心血管疾病防治的临床使用提供参考。结果表明：雌激素可改善部分血液流变学指标;激光血管内照射使6项血液流变学指标均明显改善;雌激素加激光血管内照射共同作用与单独用激光血管内照射的结果大致相同。提示临床He—Ne激光血管内照射可阶段性替代雌激素应用于改善血液流变性,以便减少雌激素的剂量,降低其副作用。