栝楼核糖核酸酶的性质研究

关于栝楼核糖核酸酶的性质已经研究.它对核糖核酸和多聚尿嘧喧核苷酸所显示的酶活性,有很大的相似性:(1)栝楼核糖核酸酶的最适度应pH在5左右;(2)稳定的pH范围在5-12之间;(3)最佳反应温度为55℃左右;(4) 热稳定性:在15分钟内,60℃以下酶活性基本稳定,在65℃左右时大约有50%的活性丧失;(5)金属离子中,除CU~(2+)和Ag~+有明显的抑制作用外、一般作用不明显.另外,酸对其它合成的多聚核苷酸的水解作用,显示有碱基特异性;对双链RNA(CPV RNA)也显有活性.实验中未发现该酶有磷酸单酯酶的活性及降解DNA的活性.因此,该酶可能是一种具有碱基特异性的核糖核酸酶.     

栝楼核糖核酸酶在RNA序列分析中的应用

栝楼核糖核酸酶（RNase TCS）对U碱基具有高度的专一性,在无脲、pH3.5、50℃时,它几乎都在-NP ↓ U-处裂解RNA.它与RNase T1,U₂和有限的碱水解一起,可用于直接的酶法RNA序列分析．     

人胎盘核糖核酸酶抑制因子研究

人胎盘核糖核酸酶抑制因子研究崔秀云,田余祥（大连医科大学,大连１１６０２３）关键词人胎盘核糖核酸酶抑制因子人胎盘核糖核酸酶抑制因子（ｈｕｍａｎｐｌａｃｅｎｔａｌｒｉｂｏｎｕｃｌｅａｓｅｉｎｈｉｂｉｔｏｒ,ＰＲＩ）是一种酸性胞溶性蛋白质,分子量为５０ｋ...     

中国林蛙卵核糖核酸酶的分离纯化及其抗肿瘤作用

以中国林蛙卵为原料,采用丙酮分级沉淀、SP-Trisacryl阳离子交换色谱、Sephadex G-75凝胶过滤色谱、C8反相色谱等纯化方法,得到一种具有核糖核酸酶活性的蛋白质,采用SDS-PAGE电泳对该蛋白质进行了相对分子质量和纯度测定。结果表明：纯化的中国林蛙卵核糖核酸酶为相对分子质量13kDa的单一成分。该酶最适反应温度为65℃,最适反应pH为5.5~6.0,米氏常数为4.11μmol/L,最大反应速率为2.82 pmol/s。在体外细胞毒性实验中,对人三种肿瘤细胞HeLa、K562、MCF-7具有抑制作用,其IC50分别为0.6μmol/L、0.8μmol/L和4μmol/L,而对于正常人成纤维细胞在酶浓度达到8μmol/L时仍未见明显细胞毒性。这种从中国林蛙卵中分离纯化出的具有选择性细胞毒性的小分子量核糖核酸酶,为肿瘤的治疗提供了新的候选蛋白分子。     

胰脏核糖核酸酶的生理功能和分子结构与进化

各种生物中广泛存在核糖核酸酶(RNase).自1939年Kunitz.首次得到结晶的牛胰脏RNase以来,生物化学家开始对动物胰脏RNase进行多方面的研究.首先是因为胰脏RNase是研究RNA结构的一种重要工具酶.其次,比较胰脏RNase分子中氨基酸的异同和性质,也是深入了解蛋白质结构与功能关系的重要手段,另外,研究进化地位不同的动物     

一种来源于蜗牛酶的β-葡萄糖苷酶的纯化

通过DEAE-Sepharose离子交换分段层析、DEAE-Sepharose离子交换梯度层析和Sephadex G-100凝胶过滤层析三种方法的联用,从中华白玉蜗牛消化酶中提纯出一种β-葡萄糖苷酶。该酶在SDS-PAGE上呈单一蛋白质条带。应用SDS-PAGE和凝胶过滤层析测定其分子量,提示该酶是由4个分子量为110~115 kD的相同亚基组成的同源四聚体。pNPG为底物的动力学参数Km和Vmax分别为0.182 mmol/L和0.189μmol/(min.mg)。     

中国林蛙Onconase样核糖核酸酶的基因克隆和表达

Onconase是从美洲豹蛙卵中提取的一种核糖核酸酶,由于其抗肿瘤活性而具有潜在的临床应用价值.以中国林蛙基因组为模板,克隆了一个新的RNase基因,并由此推导出了成熟林蛙RNase的氨基酸顺序.该酶是由103个氨基酸残基组成的,它保留了RNaseA家族成员酶催化活性必须的组氨酸和赖氨酸残基,以及CKXXNTF的序列特征,与Onconase具有73％的氨基酸顺序的相似性.林蛙酶比Onconue少一个氨基酸,成为选今为止发现的RNaseA家族中的最小成员;并且,林蛙酶拥有的精氨酸和酪氨酸残基比Onconase多3个.此外,在利用原核表达系统对林蛙RNase基因进行表达的过程中,表达产物对宿主显示出一定的细胞毒性.     

核糖核酸酶抑制因子

核糖核酸酶抑制因子崔秀云（大连医科大学）核糖核酸酶抑制因子（ＲｉｂｏｎｕｃｌｅａｓｅＩｎ－ｈｉｂｉｔｏｒ,ＲＩ,ｏｒＲＮａｓｉｎ）是广泛存在于哺乳动物胞浆中的一种酸性蛋白质。分子量为５０ＫＤ。在正常细胞中,ＲＩ与ＲＮａｓｅＡ以１：１比例结合成复合物,抑制９０％以上的ＲＮａｓｅＡ活性。.     

聚腺苷酸特异性核糖核酸酶(PARN)的功能多样性

聚腺苷酸尾的降解对于mRNA的质量控制和转录后基因调控十分重要. 在真核生物中,去腺苷酸化是mRNA降解和翻译沉默的首要限速步骤. 3′核糖核酸外切酶--聚腺苷酸特异性核糖核酸酶（poly(A)-specific ribonuclease,PARN）能够高效降解真核生物mRNA的聚腺苷酸尾. PARN不仅在降解mRNA poly(A)尾中发挥关键的作用,还参与DNA损伤、非编码RNA的加工成熟以及肿瘤等疾病过程. PARN是一种多功能酶分子,本文就PARN发现、结构、催化机制和功能多样性进行综述.     

应用酶学新进展—有机溶剂中的酶

传统观念认为大多数酶催化过程都是在水溶液环境中进行的。这一观点延续流传,便自然而然在头脑中形成作为生物催化剂的酶只能在水溶液中起作用的“常识”。但是这一观念目前受到挑战。在活细胞中,大多数酶都处在一种特殊的微环境中起作用,这不是一般概念上的简单水溶液介质。许多酶(如果不是大多数的话)都定位在生物膜(亚细胞结构)内外表面,在邻近这些酶分子的空间小区,水的浓度显著低于外周充盈的连续水相空间,即存在着一种天然的疏水环境。这就提示在有机溶剂中酶具有催化活性,不会出现酶“失活”或“变性”的问     

Preparation of recombinant RNase single-chain antibody fusion proteins

This article describes the construction, expression, and purification of RNase single-chain antibody fusion proteins. To construct a fusion protein, the gene for each moiety, the RNase and the binding ligand, is modified separately to contain complementary DNA encoding a 13 amino acid spacer that separates the RNase from the binding moiety. Appropriate restriction enzyme sites for cloning into the vector are also added. The modified DNA is combined and fused using the PCR technique of splicing by overlap extension (1). The resulting DNA construct is expressed in inclusion bodies in BL21(DE3) bacteria that are specifically engineered for the expression of toxic proteins (2). After isolation and purification of the inclusion bodies, the fusion protein is solubilized, denatured, and renatured. The renatured RNase fusion protein mixture is purified to homogeneity by two chromatography steps. The first column, a CM-Sephadex C-50 or a heparin Sepharose column, eliminates the majority of contaminating proteins while the second column, an affinity column (Ni²⁺-NTA agarose), results in the final purification of the RNase fusion protein.     

Further characterization of human RNase MRP/RNase P and related autoantibodies

We characterized a panel of human RNase MRP/RNase P autoantibodies by immunoprecipitation, immunodepletion, immunoaffinity purification and immunoblotting. We report on the protein spectrum that is recognized by RNase MRP/RNase P autoantibodies. We also describe another, related patient serum that based on these assays does not immunoprecipitate RNase P/MRP/Th40. This autoantibody KC, however, coimmunoprecipitates the RNase MRP/RNase P associated RNAs from HeLa and La9 cell extracts as shown by nuclease protection experiments.     

RNase MRP and rRNA processing

RNase MRP is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme with a structure similar to RNase P. It is required for normal processing of precursor rRNA, cleaving it in the Internal Transcribed Spacer 1. Abbreviations: RNase MRP RNase for mitochondrial RNA processing; also involved in pre-rRNA processing; RNase P - RNase for pre-tRNA processing; snoRNA - small nucleolar RNA; RNP - RNA-protein particle; snoRNP - small nucleolar RNA-protein particle.     

固相RNasin亲和层析RNase

大鼠肝RNasin与溴化氰活化的Sepharose 4B反应制备了固相大鼠肝RNasin。用固相大鼠肝RNasin亲和层析大鼠肝中性RNase,可以将其分为两部分。固相大鼠肝RNasin可以亲和层析牛胰RNase的结果说明,牛胰和大鼠肝RNase在二级和三级结构上都非常相似。这为大鼠肝RNase来源于胰脏的观点提供了一个新证据。固相RNasin可以亲和吸附大肠杆菌RNase说明原核细胞RNase与真核细胞RNase在分子起源方面有一定的亲缘关系。固相RNasin柱层析为纯化RNase提供了一个简便的新方法。     

Efficacy of RNase inhibitors during brain polysome isolation

We have investigated the efficiency of heparin, polyvinyl sulfate and yeast RNA (as competitive RNase inhibitors), liver extract (as crude preparation of liver RNase inhibitors) and DEPC (as irreversible non-competitive inhibitor) for the preparation of rat brain polysomes. Sucrose gradient sedimentation profiles, obtained from PMS, were used to determine the optimal concentration of each inhibitor. Diethylpyrocarbonate, whatever the composition of isolation buffer, was found detrimental for brain polysomes. Most of the other inhibitors where found useless or even harmful. A slight positive effect was observed with heparin 0.75 mg/mL both for total yield and sedimentation pattern. It is concluded that the utilisation of most of the widely used RNase inhibitors is of questionnable effectiveness for brain polysome preparation.Abbreviations DEPC diethylpyrocarbonate - PVS polyvinyl sulfate - PMS post-mitochondrial supernatant - HSS high-speed supernatant     

Mycobacterial RNase E-associated proteins

RNase E and its complex with other proteins ('degradosome') play an important role in RNA processing and decay in Escherichia coli and in many other bacteria. To identify the proteins which can potentially interact with this enzyme in mycobacteria, Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv RNase E was cloned and expressed as a 6HisFLAG-tagged fusion protein. Analysis of the mycobacterial RNase E overexpressed and purified from M. bovis BCG revealed the presence of GroEL and two other copurified proteins, products of the Mb1721 (inorganic polyphosphate/ATP-NAD kinase) and Mb0825c (acetyltransferase) genes. Identical copies of these two genes can be found in M. tuberculosis H37Rv.     

RNase MRP RNA and human genetic diseases

RNase MRP RNA is the RNA subunit of the RNase mitochondrial RNA processing （MRP） enzyme complex that is involved in multiple cellular RNA processing events. Mutations on RNase MRP RNA gene （RMRP） cause a recessively inherited developmental disorder, cartilage-hair hypoplasia （CHH）. The relationship of the genotype （RMRP mutation）, RNA processing deficiency of the RNase MRP complex, and the phenotype of CHH and other skeletal dysplasias is yet to be explored.