共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Garcia RF Gazola VA Barrena HC Hartmann EM Berti J Toyama MH Boschero AC Carneiro EM Manso FC Bazotte RB 《Amino acids》2007,33(1):151-155
Summary. Our purpose was to determine the blood amino acid concentration during insulin induced hypoglycemia (IIH) and examine if the
administration of alanine or glutamine could help glycemia recovery in fasted rats. IIH was obtained by an intraperitoneal
injection of regular insulin (1.0 U/kg). The blood levels of the majority of amino acids, including alanine and glutamine
were decreased (P < 0.05) during IIH and this change correlates well with the duration than the intensity of hypoglycemia. On the other hand,
the oral and intraperitoneal administration of alanine (100 mg/kg) or glutamine (100 mg/kg) accelerates glucose recovery.
This effect was partly at least consequence of the increased capacity of the livers from IIH group to produce glucose from
alanine and glutamine. It was concluded that the blood amino acids availability during IIH, particularly alanine and glutamine,
play a pivotal role in recovery from hypoglycemia. 相似文献
2.
The role of striatal metabotropic glutamate receptors in degeneration of dopamine neurons: review article 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Summary. Degeneration of dopaminergic nigrostriatal neurons is a primary cause of Parkinson's disease. Oxidative stress, excitotoxicity
and mitochondrial failure are thought to be key mechanisms resposible for degeneration of dopaminergic cells. We found that
the selective antagonist of the mGluR5 subtype MPEP in a dose of 5 mg/kg diminshed basal and veratridine (100 μM)-stimulated dopamine release in rat striatum in an in vivo model of microdialysis. In contrast, MPEP given intrastriatally in a high concentration (500 μM) enhanced the striatal extracellular concentration of dopamine. DCG-IV (100 μM), a non-selective agonist of group II mGluRs, inhibited the veratridine-stimulated striatal dopamine release. In an animal
model of neuroxicity in vivo, methamphetamine (5 × 10 mg/kg, injected at 2 h intervals) produced deficits in the striatal content of dopamine and its
metabolites DOPAC and HVA 72 h after the treatment. MPEP (5 × 5 mg/kg) given before each methamphetamine injection reversed
the decrease in the striatal content of dopamine and diminished the methamphetamine-induced dopamine outflow from nigrostriatal
terminals. It is concluded that the MPEP-produced blockade of mGluR5 situated on dopaminergic cells, or the suppression of
glutamate release in the subthalamic nucleus or substantia nigra pars reticulata may directly and indirectly cause a decrease
in striatal dopamine release. However, inhibitory effect of DCG-IV on dopamine release can be induced by attenuation of excitatory
input from corticostriatal terminals by activation of mGluR2/3. Regulation of dopamine carriers by MPEP, an antagonist of
group I mGluRs may be responsible for the reversal of toxicity induced by methamphetamine.
Received July 7, 2001 Accepted August 6, 2001 Published online September 10, 2002 相似文献
3.
Arginase (EC 3.5.3.1) localization was studied in soybean (Glycine max L.) seedling cotyledons. Subcellular fractionation in a discontinuous Percoll gradient showed that arginase was localized
in the mitochondrion. Arginine (Arg) uptake by mitochondria was demonstrated by co-sedimentation of [3H]Arg-derived label and the mitochondrial marker enzyme cytochrome c oxidase. Arginine uptake was complete in about 10 min. Since detergent but not NaCl released most label, we conclude that
Arg was taken up and not bound to the organellar surface. Arginine transport was not saturable, at least up to 20 mM. Basic
amino acids were the best inhibitors of Arg uptake. The uncoupler 2,4-dinitrophenol did not inhibit Arg uptake. At least 30%
of l-[guanido-14C]Arg taken up by mitochondria was degraded by arginase in seedling cotyledons, while little or no degradation was detected
in mitochondria from developing embryos, even though the Arg uptake level was similar in both mitochondrial preparations.
These results are consistent with our previously reported pattern of arginase expression and urea accumulation during embryo
development and seed germination (A. Goldraij and J.C. Polacco, 1999, Plant Physiol. 119: 297–303). The lack of Arg degradation
allows developing embryos to conserve Arg, the main N-reserve amino acid utilized by germinating soybean.
Received: 7 July 1999 / Accepted: 21 September 1999 相似文献
4.
Summary. 3-Hydroxynorvaline (HNV; 2-amino-3-hydroxypentanoic acid), a microbial L-threonine analogue, is toxic to mammalian cells and
displays antiviral properties. In view of this, we investigated the toxicity and/or potential teratogenicity of HNV in developing
chicken and mouse embryos. HNV was administered to chicken embryos (in ovo; dose 75–300 μmole/egg; 48 h post-incubation) and pregnant Hanover NMRI mice (per os; total dose 900–1800 mg/kg body mass; gestation days 7–9). Control animals received sterile saline solutions. Harvested embryos
(chicken embryos, 10 days post-incubation; mouse embryos; gestation day 18) were fixed in glutaraldehyde and stereomicroscopically
inspected for signs of dysmorphogenesis. Body mass, body and toe length and mortality of chicken embryos, and the body mass
and mortality of mouse embryos were recorded. HNV exposure significantly increased the incidence of embryotoxic (growth retardation,
toxic mortality) and congenital defects in both chicken and mouse embryos. All the observed effects were dose-dependent. In
conclusion, HNV is an embryotoxic and teratogenic compound, which caused significant developmental delay and congenital defects
in developing chicken and mouse embryos. 相似文献
5.
Summary. The aim of our study was to estimate the involvement of the peripheral N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors in regulation of cardiovascular
function. For this purpose we examined the effects of intravenous injection of the agonists – NMDA (0.025; 0.05 and 1.0 mg/kg
iv) and 1R-3R-ACPD (0.025; 0.05 and 1.0 mg/kg iv) – and antagonist of NMDA receptors DL-AP7 (0.02; 0.07 and 0.2 mg/kg iv).
To determine if the effects of NMDA come from central or peripheral action we observed the effect during blockade of autonomic
ganglion by using the nicotinic receptor antagonist – chlorisondamine (1.25 mg/kg iv). Administration of NMDA in three doses
evoked slight hypotension after injection of the medium dose, 0.05 mg/kg. In the condition of pretreatment with 1.25 mg/kg
chlorisondamine the hypotensive effect of NMDA was markedly reduced, what might suggest that NMDA-induced hypotension raised
from the action within the brain. The competetive NMDA receptor antagonist DL-AP7 slightly increased the blood pressure. None
of the injected drug had an influence on the heart rate in our in vivo study.
It is concluded that the peripherally localized NMDA receptors may take a part in regulation of cardiovascular system, since
their stimulation or blockade evoked the changes of systemic pressure.
Received August 6, 2002 Accepted October 10, 2002 Published online January 20, 2003
Aknowledgments This study was supported by a grant No 3-10871 from the State Committee for Scientific Research, Warszawa, Poland. The authors
thank Ms. A. Barwińska and Ł. Stalenczyk for technical help.
Authors' address: Prof. Konstanty Wiśniewski, Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Białystok, Mickiewicza 2c, PL-15-222 Białystok,
Poland 相似文献
6.
Pectin methyltransferase (PMT) catalyzing the transfer of the methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to the C-6 carboxyl group of galactosyluronic acid residues in pectin was found in a membrane preparation
of etiolated hypocotyls from 6-d-old soybean (Glycinemax Merr.). The enzyme was maximally active at pH 6.8 and 35–40 °C, and required 0.5% (w/v) Triton X-100. The incorporation of
the methyl group was significantly enhanced by addition of a pectin with a low (22%) degree of methyl-esterification (DE)
as exogenous acceptor substrate. The apparent Michaelis constants for SAM and the pectin (DE22) were 0.23 mM and 66 μg · ml−1, respectively. Attachment of the methyl group to the carboxyl group of the pectin via ester linkage was confirmed by analyzing
radiolabeled product from incubation of the enzyme with [14C]methyl SAM and the acceptor pectin. Size-exclusion chromatography showed that both enzymatic hydrolysis with a pectin methylesterase
and a mild alkali treatment (saponification) led to the release of radioactive methanol from the product. Enzymatic hydrolysis
of the product with an endopolygalacturonase degraded it into small pectic fragments with low relative molecular mass, which
also supports the idea that the methyl group is incorporated into the pectin. The soybean hypocotyls were fractionated into
their cell wall components by successive extraction with water, EDTA, and alkali treatment. Among the resulting polysaccharide
fractions, high PMT activity was observed when a de-esterified polysaccharide derived from the EDTA-soluble fraction (the
pectic fraction) was added as an alternative acceptor substrate, indicating that the enzyme may be responsible for producing
methyl-esterified pectin in vivo.
Received: 10 September 1999 / Accepted: 11 October 1999 相似文献
7.
Wuest F 《Amino acids》2005,29(4):323-339
Summary. Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique using compounds labelled with short-lived positron emitting
radioisotopes to obtain functional information of physiological, biochemical and pharmacological processes in vivo. The need to understand the potential link between the ingestion of individual dietary agents and the effect of health promotion
or health risk requires the exact metabolic characterization of food ingredients in vivo. This exciting but rather new research field of PET would provide new insights and perspectives on food chemistry by assessing
quantitative information on pharmocokinetics and pharmacodynamics of food ingredients and dietary agents. To fully exploit
PET technology in food chemistry appropriately radiolabelled compounds as relevant for food sciences are needed. The most
widely used short-lived positron emitters are 11C (t1/2 = 20.4 min) and 18F (t1/2 = 109.8 min). Longer-lived radioisotopes are available by using 76Br (t1/2 = 16.2 h) and 124I (t1/2 = 4.12 d). The present review article tries to discuss some aspects for the radiolabelling of food ingredients and dietary
agents either by means of isotopic labelling with 11C or via prosthetic group labelling approaches using the positron emitting halogens 18F, 76Br and 124I. 相似文献
8.
Cloning and expression of UDP-glucose: flavonoid 7-O-glucosyltransferase from hairy root cultures of Scutellaria baicalensis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A cDNA encoding UDP-glucose: baicalein 7-O-glucosyltransferase (UBGT) was isolated from a cDNA library from hairy root cultures of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi probed with a partial-length cDNA clone of a UDP-glucose: flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT) from grape (Vitis vinifera L.). The heterologous probe contained a glucosyltransferase consensus amino acid sequence which was also present in the Scutellaria cDNA clones. The complete nucleotide sequence of the 1688-bp cDNA insert was determined and the deduced amino acid sequences
are presented. The nucleotide sequence analysis of UBGT revealed an open reading frame encoding a polypeptide of 476 amino
acids with a calculated molecular mass of 53 094 Da. The reaction product for baicalein and UDP-glucose catalyzed by recombinant
UBGT in Escherichia coli was identified as authentic baicalein 7-O-glucoside using high-performance liquid chromatography and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The enzyme activities
of recombinant UBGT expressed in E. coli were also detected towards flavonoids such as baicalein, wogonin, apigenin, scutellarein, 7,4′-dihydroxyflavone and kaempferol,
and phenolic compounds. The accumulation of UBGT mRNA in hairy roots was in response to wounding or salicylic acid treatments.
Received: 8 September 1999 / Accepted: 4 October 1999 相似文献
9.
Summary. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) affects the rate of brain protein synthesis
in male rats. Two experiments were done on five or three groups of young rats (5 wk) given the diets containing 20% casein
administrated 0 mg, 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg or 200 mg/100 g body weight GABA dissolved in saline by oral gavage for 1 day (d)
(Experiment 1), and given the diets contained 0%, 0.25% or 0.5% GABA added to the 20% casein diet (Experiment 2) for 10 d.
The plasma concentration of growth hormone (GH) was the highest in rats administrated 50 mg and 100 mg/100 g body weight GABA.
The concentration of serum GABA increased significantly with the supplementation groups. The fractional (Ks) rates of protein
synthesis in brain regions, liver and gastrocnemius muscle increased significantly with the 20% casein + 0.25% GABA diet and
still more 20% casein + 0.5% GABA compared with the 20% casein diet. In brain regions, liver and gastrocnemius muscle, the
RNA activity [g protein synthesized/(g RNA·d)] significantly correlated with the fractional rate of protein synthesis. The
RNA concentration (mg RNA/g protein) was not related to the fractional rate of protein synthesis in any organ. Our results
suggest that the treatment of GABA to young male rats are likely to increase the concentrations of plasma GH and the rate
of protein synthesis in the brain, and that RNA activity is at least partly related to the fractional rate of brain protein
synthesis. 相似文献
10.
Summary. We have investigated the idea that nicotinamide, a non-selective inhibitor of the sentinel enzyme Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-I
(PARP-1), provides neuroprotection against the long-term neurological changes induced by perinatal asphyxia. Perinatal asphyxia
was induced in vivo by immersing foetuses-containing uterine horns removed from ready-to-deliver rats into a water bath for
20 min. Sibling caesarean-delivered pups were used as controls. The effect of perinatal asphyxia on neurocircuitry development
was studied in vitro with organotypic cultures from substantia nigra, neostriatum and neocortex, platted on a coverslip 3
days after birth. After approximately one month in vitro (DIV 25), the cultures were treated for immunocytochemistry to characterise neuronal phenotype with markers against the N-methyl-D-aspartate
receptor subunit 1 (NR1), the dopamine pacemaker enzyme tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), and nitric oxide synthase (NOS), the enzyme
regulating the bioavailability of NO. Nicotinamide (0.8 mmol/kg, i.p.) or saline was administered to asphyctic and caesarean-delivered
pups 24, 48 and 72 h after birth.
It was found that nicotinamide treatment prevented the effect of perinatal asphyxia on several neuronal parameters, including
TH- and NOS-positive neurite atrophy and NOS-positive neuronal loss; supporting the idea that nicotinamide constitutes a therapeutic
alternative for the effects produced by sustained energy-failure conditions, as occurring during perinatal asphyxia. 相似文献
11.
Summary. A randomised, double blind, placebo-controlled study was performed giving 0.5 g · kg−1 · day−1 of undiluted alanyl-glutamine (20%) or saline in a peripheral vein during 4 hours in ICU patients (n = 20). During the infusion
period a steady state in plasma concentration was reached for alanyl-glutamine, but not for alanine, glutamine or glutamate.
On the other hand there was no accumulation of any of the amino acids, as the pre-infusion concentrations were reached within
8 hours after the end of infusion. The half-life of the dipeptide was 0.26 hours (range, 0.15–0.63 h). The distribution volume
of alanyl-glutamine was larger than the extracellular water volume, indicating a rapid hydrolysis of the dipeptide. There
was no detectable alanyl-glutamine in the urine of any of the patients. All patients had excretion of small amounts of amino
acids in urine, but the renal clearance of alanine, glutamine and glutamate were not different between the two groups. 相似文献
12.
Summary. Taurine has been reported to enhance cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) mRNA expression in animal models. However, no in vitro studies of this effect have been reported. The Hep G2 human hepatoma cell line has been recognized as a good model for studying
the regulation of human CYP7A1. This work characterizes the effects of taurine on CYP7A1 mRNA levels of Hep G2 cells in a
dose- and time-dependent manner. In the dose-dependent experiment, Hep G2 cells were treated with 0, 2, 10 or 20 mM taurine
in the presence or absence of cholesterol 0.2 mM for 48 h. In the time-dependent experiment, Hep G2 cells were treated with
0 or 20 mM taurine for 4, 24 and 48 h with and without cholesterol 0.2 mM. Our data revealed that taurine showed time- and
dose-response effects on CYP7A1 mRNA levels in Hep G2 cells. However, glycine – a structural analogue of taurine – did not
have an effect on CYP7A1 gene expression. These results show that, in agreement to previous studies on animal models, taurine
induces the mRNA levels of CYP7A1 in Hep G2 cells, which could enhance cholesterol conversion into bile acids. Also, Hep G2
cell line may be an appropriate model to study the effects of taurine on human cholesterol metabolism. 相似文献
13.
Summary. This study examined 10 wks of resistance training and the ingestion of supplemental protein and amino acids on muscle performance
and markers of muscle anabolism. Nineteen untrained males were randomly assigned to supplement groups containing either 20 g
protein (14 g whey and casein protein, 6 g free amino acids) or 20 g dextrose placebo ingested 1 h before and after exercise
for a total of 40 g/d. Participants exercised 4 times/wk using 3 sets of 6–8 repetitions at 85–90% of the one repetition maximum.
Data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA (p < 0.05). The protein supplement resulted in greater increases in total body mass, fat-free mass, thigh mass, muscle strength,
serum IGF-1, IGF-1 mRNA, MHC I and IIa expression, and myofibrillar protein. Ten-wks of resistance training with 20 g protein
and amino acids ingested 1 h before and after exercise is more effective than carbohydrate placebo in up-regulating markers
of muscle protein synthesis and anabolism along with subsequent improvements in muscle performance. 相似文献
14.
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) enables the topographical structure of cells and biological materials to be resolved under
natural (physiological) conditions, without fixation and dehydration artefacts associated with imaging methods in vacuo. It
also provides a means of measuring interaction forces and the mechanical properties of biomaterials. In the present study,
AFM has been applied for the first time to the study of the mechanical properties of a natural adhesive produced by a green
plant cell. Swimming spores of the green alga Enteromorpha linza (L.) J. Ag. (7–10 μm) secrete an adhesive glycoprotein which provides firm anchorage to the substratum. Imaging of the adhesive in its
hydrated state revealed a swollen gel-like pad, approximately 1 μm thick, surrounding the spore body. Force measurements revealed
that freshly released adhesive has an adhesion strength of 173 ± 1.7 mN m−1 (mean ± SE; n=90) with a maximum value for a single adhesion force curve of 458 mN m−1. The adhesive had a compressibility (equivalent to Young's modulus) of 0.54 × 106 ± 0.05 × 106 N m−2 (mean ± SE; n=30). Within minutes of release the adhesive underwent a progressive `curing' process with a 65% reduction in mean adhesive
strength within an hour of settlement, which was also reflected in a reduction in the average length of the adhesive polymer
strands (polymer extension) and a 10-fold increase in Young's modulus. Measurements on the spore surface itself revealed considerably
lower adhesion-strength values but higher polymer-extension values than the adhesive pad, which may reflect the deposition
of different polymers on this surface as a new cell wall is formed. The study demonstrates the value of AFM to the imaging
of plant cells in the absence of fixation and dehydration artefacts and to the characterisation of the mechanical properties
of plant glycoproteins that have potential utility as adhesives.
Received: 22 February 2000 / Accepted: 20 April 2000 相似文献
15.
Mühling J Engel J Halabi M Müller M Fuchs M Krüll M Harbach H Langefeld TW Wolff M Matejec R Welters ID Menges T Hempelmann G 《Amino acids》2006,31(1):11-26
Summary. We have examined the effects of Nω-nitro-L-arginine-methylester-hydrochloride [L-NAME; inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase], S-nitroso-N-acetyl-penicillamine
[SNAP; nitric oxide donor], α-difluoro-methyl-ornithine [DFMO; inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase] arginine or ornithine
as well as the combination of arginine or ornithine with L-NAME, SNAP or DFMO on intracellular free amino- and α-keto acid
profiles and the immune function markers superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide generation as well as released myeloperoxidase
activity in neutrophils (PMN). Although the underlying mechanisms still remain unclear, we believe from our results that nitric
oxide as well as polyamine-dependent pathways are involved in the signal transmission of free radical molecule, beneficial
nutritional therapy or maleficient pharmacological stress-induced alterations in PMN nutrient composition. Relevant changes
in intragranulocyte free amino- and α-keto acid homeostasis and metabolism, especially, may be one of the determinants in
PMN nutrition that positively or negatively influences and modulate neutrophil host defence capability and immunocompetence. 相似文献
16.
Infiltrating detached maize (Zeamays L.) leaves with L-galactono-1,4-lactone (L-GAL) resulted in a 4-fold increase in the content of leaf ascorbate. Upon exposure to high irradiance (1000 μmol photons m−2 s−1) at 5 °C, L-GAL leaves de-epoxidized the xanthophyll-cycle pigments faster than the control leaves; the maximal ratio of de-epoxidized
xanthophyll-cycle pigments to the whole xanthophyll-cycle pool was the same in both leaf types. The elevated ascorbate content,
together with the faster violaxanthin de-epoxidation, did not affect the degree of photoinhibition and the kinetics of the
recovery from photoinhibition, assayed by monitoring the maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II primary photochemistry
(Fv/Fm). Under the experimental conditions, the thermal energy dissipation seems to be zeaxanthin-independent since, in contrast
to the de-epoxidation, the decrease in the efficiency of excitation-energy capture by open photosystem II reaction centers (Fv′/Fm′) during the high-irradiance treatment at low temperature showed the same kinetic in both leaf types. This was also observed
for the recovery of the maximal fluorescence after stress. Furthermore, the elevated ascorbate content did not diminish the
degradation of pigments or α-tocopherol when leaves were exposed for up to 24 h to high irradiance at low temperature. Moreover,
a higher content of ascorbate appeared to increase the requirement for reduced glutathione.
Received: 20 May 1999 / Accepted: 29 October 1999 相似文献
17.
Summary. Recent literature suggests that both caffeine and taurine can induce diuresis and natriuresis in rat and man. Although they
act via different cellular mechanisms, their diuretic actions might be additive. This is of considerable interest, as several
commercially available energy drinks contain both substances.
In this study we examined the possible diuretic effects of caffeine and taurine in a cross-over-design in which 12 healthy
male volunteers received each of 4 different test drinks (750 ml of energy drink containing 240 mg caffeine and 3 g taurine,
the three other test drinks either lacked caffeine, taurine or both) after restraining from fluids for 12 h.
Mixed model analyses demonstrated that urinary output and natriuresis were significantly increased by caffeine (mean differences
243 ml and 27 mmol; both p < 0.001) and that there were no such effects of taurine (mean differences 59 ml and −4 mmol). Additionally, urinary osmolarity
at baseline was significantly related to the urinary output (p < 0.001). Urine osmolarity values at baseline and in the 6 h urine collection did not differ significantly between treatments.
Taken together, our study demonstrates that diuretic and natriuretic effects of the tested energy drink were largely mediated
by caffeine. Taurine played no significant role in the fluid balance in moderately dehydrated healthy young consumers. Consequently,
the diuretic potential of energy drinks will not differ significantly from other caffeine containing beverages. 相似文献
18.
Summary. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of endotoxin on PMN leukocyte respiratory burst activity by measuring G6PD,
NADPH oxidase and XO activities in guinea pig. In addition, the possible protective role of taurine against endotoxin-mediated
PMN leukocyte function was examined. All experiments were performed with four groups (control, taurine, endotoxemia, taurine
plus endotoxin) of ten guinea pigs. After the endotoxin was administrated (4 mg/kg) both G6PD and NADPH oxidase activities
were significantly reduced compared with the control group. NADPH oxidase activity returned to the control value and G6PD
activity also increased but it did not reach the control value. However when taurine was administrated (300 mg/kg) the activity
of NADPH oxidase reached the control value; furthermore, G6PD activity also increased but it could not reach to the control
value. When taurine was administrated alone, no effect on these enzymes was observed. Following the endotoxin administration,
the activity of XO considerably increased. When taurine was administrated together with endotoxine and alone, this activity
decreased compared to control value in both conditions. These results indicate that the O2
•− formation in PMN leukocytes after the endotoxin administration is ensured by the catalysis of XO due to the inhibited NADPH
oxidase activity. It was observed that taurine has considerable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. However, conflicting
results were obtained when taurine was administrated alone or together with an oxidant agent. 相似文献
19.
Baran H 《Amino acids》2006,31(3):303-307
Summary. The aim of the study was to investigate the changes of taurine in the kainic acid (KA, 10 mg/kg, s.c.) chronic model of epilepsy,
six months after KA application. The KA-rats used were divided into a group of animals showing weak behavioural response to
KA (WDS, rare focal convulsion; rating scale <2 up to 3 h after KA injection) and a group of strong response to KA (WDS, seizures;
rating >3 up to 3 h after KA injection). The brain regions investigated were caudate nucleus, substantia nigra, septum, hippocampus,
amygdala/piriform cortex, and frontal, parietal, temporal and occipital cortices. KA-rats with rating <2 developed spontaneous
WDS which occurred chronically and six months after KA injection increased taurine levels were found in the hippocampus (125.4%
of control). KA-rats with rating >3 developed spontaneous recurrent seizures and six months after injection increased taurine
levels were found in the caudate nucleus (162.5% of control) and hippocampus (126.6% of control), while reduced taurine levels
were seen in the septum (78.2% of control). In summary, increased taurine levels in the hippocampus may involve processes
for membrane stabilisation, thus favouring recovery after neuronal hyperactivity. The increased taurine levels in the caudate
nucleus could be involved in the modulation of spontaneous recurrent seizure activity. 相似文献
20.
Summary. The aim of the present study was to measure MPO activity in PMN leukocytes after endotoxin administration, and to compare
the levels of NO2
− competing with taurine for reaction with HOCl. Furthermore we aimed to determine TauCl levels, a product of MPO–H2O2–Halide system, and to evaluate anti-inflammatory properties of PMN in endotoxemia. In addition, our second objective was
to investigate the effect of taurine, an antioxidant amino acid, on anti-bactericidal and anti-inflammatory functions of PMN
after administration of endotoxin together with taurine.
All experiments were performed with four groups (control, taurine, endotoxemia, and taurine plus endotoxin) of ten guinea
pigs. After endotoxin administration (4 mg/kg), MPO activities increased and taurine levels decreased. Therefore levels of
TauCl, NO2
•− increased. We observed the effects of taurine as conflicting. When taurine was administrated alone (300 mg/kg), all of these
parameters decreased.
Consequently, we suggested that taurine is influential in infected subjects but not on healthy ones as an antioxidative amino
acid. In addition, we believe that in vivo effects of taurine may differ from those in vitro depending on its dosage. 相似文献