Notes on synonymy of African Lasiocampidae (Lepidoptera)

Eighteen new synonyms are established based on studying the type specimens: Beralade sobrina (Druce, 1900) = Labea fulvostriata Pagenstecher, 1903 syn. n., Catalebeda jamesoni Bethune-Baker, 1908 = Catalebeda tamsi Hering, 1932 syn. n., Gastroplakaeis forficulatus Möschler, 1887 = Gastroplakaeis toroensis Bethune-Baker, 1927 syn. n., Gastroplakaeis parinarii (Guérin-Meneville, 1867) comb. n. = Gastroplakaeis schultzei Aurivillius, 1905 syn. n. = Taragama punctifera Riel, 1911 syn. n. = Gastroplakaeis flaveola Closs, 1917 syn. n. = Gastroplakaeis agroeca Hering, 1928 syn. n., Leipoxais emarginata Aurivillius, 1911 = Leipoxais philopseudia Hering, 1928 syn. n., Leipoxais major Holland, 1893 = Leipoxais alazon Hering, 1928 syn. n., Leipoxais obscura Aurivillius, 1908 = Lasiocampa noctis Druce, 1910 syn. n., Leipoxais strandi Aurivillius, 1927 = Leipoxais dyaresta Hering, 1928 syn. n. = Leipoxais castanea Tams, 1929 syn. n., Leptometa sapelensis Aurivillius, 1927 stat. n. = Leptometa irrorata Tams, 1929 syn. n., Mallocampa audea Druce, 1888 = Mallocampa jaensis Bethune-Baker, 1927 syn. n., Pseudometa choba Druce, 1899 = Glocia tenebra Bethune-Baker, 1911 syn. n. = Pseudometa nigricans Aurivillius, 1925 syn. n., Ptyssophlebia discocellularis (Strand, 1912) comb. n. = Catalebeda elegans Aurivillius, 1925 syn. n. = Ptyssophlebia avis Berio, 1937 syn. n. Two subspecies are raised to the rank of species: Leptometa sapelensis Aurivillius, 1927 stat. n. and Ptyssophlebia meridionalis (Tams, 1936) stat. n. et comb. n. New combinations are found: Gastroplakaeis parinarii (Guérin-Meneville, 1867) comb. n., Ptyssophlebia discocellularis (Strand, 1912) comb. n., P. meridionalis (Tams, 1936) stat. n. et comb. n., and P. intermedia (Aurivillius, 1925) comb. n. Lectotypes are designated for Leipoxais strandi Aurivillius, 1927 and Leipoxais major Holland, 1893, and a neotype, for Lasiocampa parinarii Guérin-Meneville, 1867.     

A new genus of African Lasiocampidae (Lepidoptera)

The species Gastroplakaeis idakum Bethune-Baker, 1913, G. balia Tams, 1929, and G. elongata Hering, 1941 are transferred from the genus Gastroplakaeis Möschler, 1887 into the newly erected genus Weirdonia gen. n. (the type species is Gastroplakaeis idakum Bethune-Baker, 1913), and corresponding new combinations are established. New species, Weirdonia baccara sp. n. and W. hypocrita sp. n. (type locality: Democratic Republic of the Congo), W. murena sp. n. (type locality: Northern Nigeria), and W. helicea sp. n. (type locality: Gabon) are described. A new synonymy is established: Gastroplakaeis balia Tams, 1929 = Gastroplakaeis elongata Hering, 1941 syn. n. Diagnoses and distribution maps are given for all the species.     

Review of the millipede family Trichopolydesmidae in the Oriental realm (Diplopoda,Polydesmida), with descriptions of new genera and species

In the Oriental Region, the large, basically Northern Hemisphere family Trichopolydesmidae is shown to currently comprise 18 genera and 43 species. Based mainly on gonopod structure, all of them, as well as the whole family, are (re)diagnosed, including five new genera and seven new species. These new taxa are keyed, also being the first to be described from Indochina in general and from Vietnam in particular: Aporodesmella gen. n., with three species: A. securiformis sp. n. (the type species), A. similis sp. n. and A. tergalis sp. n., as well as the following four monotypic genera: Deharvengius gen. n., with D. bedosae sp. n., Gonatodesmus gen. n., with G. communicans sp. n., Helicodesmus gen. n., with H. anichkini sp. n., and Monstrodesmus gen. n., with M. flagellifer sp. n. In addition, Cocacolaria hauseri Hoffman, 1987, hitherto known only from New Ireland Island, Papua New Guinea, is redescribed based on material from Vanuatu whence it is recorded for the first time. One of the new genera, Gonatodesmus gen. n., provides a kind of transition or evolutionary bridge between Trichopolydesmidae and Opisotretidae, thus reinforcing the assignment of these two families to the single superfamily Trichopolydesmoidea.     

A New Genus of Prioninae (Coleoptera,Cerambycidae) from China

Parapsilotarsusgen. n. with type species Prionus potaninei Lameere, 1912 is described. The new genus is intermediate between Mesoprionus Jakovlev, 1887 and Psilotarsus Motschulsky, 1860. A new combination Parapsilotarsus potaninei (Lameere, 1912), comb. n. is made.     

Genus Microsternus Lewis (1887) from China,with description of a new genus Neosternus from Asia (Coleoptera,Erotylidae, Dacnini)

This work treats species of the genus Microsternus Lewis, 1887 from Asia and North America. A new genus is described: Neosternus (type species Microsternus higonius Lewis, 1887). A new species is described: Microsternus pengzhongi. A new synonym is provided: Microsternus tricolor taiwanicus Nakane (=Microsternus tricolor Lewis). Three species previously placed in Microsternus Lewis, 1887 are transferred to Neosternus resulting in the following three new combinations: Neosternus higonius (Lewis, 1887), Neosternus taiwanus (Chûjô, 1976), and Neosternus hisamatsui (Nakane, 1981).     

Redescription of the cyathocrinid cladid <Emphasis Type="Italic">Codiacrinus schultzei</Emphasis> Follmann, 1887 from the Lower Devonian Hunsrück Slate at Bundenbach (Germany)

Codiacrinus schultzei Follmann, 1887 commonly occurs in the Lower Devonian Hunsrück Slate of Bundenbach (Germany). Although this cyathocrinid cladid has been studied for almost 125 years, its morphology remains incompletely known. This article reports unusual arm growth, the regeneration of an arm, the preservation of tegminal plates, the sculpture of the cup (hexagonal concentric lines), and the preservation of visceral organs, which were positioned within the cup. One X-radiograph possibly shows the mid- and hind-gut (preserved as soft tissues). Furthermore, the shape and arrangement of the cover plates are described in more detail than previously. Codiacrinus schultzei is systematically redescribed and compared with the other species in the genus. Further study of the systematic placement (within the Flexibilia?) is appropriate.     

Report on the Polycystididae (Rhabdocoela, Kalyptorhynchia) from Australia, with the Description of Twelve New Species and Six New Genera

Twelve new species of Polycystididae Graff, 1905 are described from the Australian east coast. Nine of them could not be placed in any of the existing genera, and therefore six new genera are erected. Alchoides n. gen. differs from all other polycystidid genera by the presence of a bundle of glands that opens into the distal part of the male atrium (accessory vesicle type V). Two species are included in the genus, A. alchoides n. sp. and A. dittmannae n. sp., which differ from each other in the shape of the stylet. Ametochus gehrkei n. gen n. sp. can be distinguished from other polycystidids by the presence of a prostate vesicle type III associated with a prostate stylet type III, combined with the presence of an accessory stylet type III, while a prostate stylet type II is lacking. Typical for Arrawarria inexpectata n. gen n. sp. is the combined presence of an armed cirrus with a prostate vesicle type II connected to a prostate stylet type II. Two species are assigned to the new genus Duplexostylus n. gen.: D. rowei n. sp. and D. winsori n. sp. These two species have two unique features: a prostate vesicle type IV directly connected to a prostate stylet type III and an asymmetrical septum that surrounds the proximal part of the male atrium. They can be distinguished from each other by differences in the detailed construction of their stylets. Two new species are placed in the new genus Stradorhynchus n. gen.: S. caecus n. sp. and S. terminalis n. sp. They have unpaired gonads and a prostate vesicle type IV connected to a prostate stylet type IV, which combination of characters makes them unique within the Polycystididae. The two species differ from each other in the shape and size of the stylet. Triaustrorhynchus armatus n. gen., n. sp. is the first species of the Polycystididae to have three types of stylet in the male atrium: a prostate stylet type II, a prostate stylet type III and an accessory stylet type III. Three new species could be placed in existing genera: Cincturorhynchus monaculeus n. sp., Paraustrorhynchus caligatus n. sp. and Polycystis australis n. sp. All three differ from their congeners in the form and dimensions of their stylets. All newly described species are discussed, giving their similarities and differences with resembling species. Austrorhynchus hawaiiensis Karling, 1977 is reported for the first time in Australia, and the Australian population is compared with populations from other regions. The presence of Gyratrix hermaphroditus Ehrenberg, 1831, one new species of Paulodora Marcus, 1948 and a new genus of Typhlopolycystidinae Evdonin, 1977 is mentioned.     

Deux nouveaux genres de Rhynchonellides frasniens précédemment inclus dans le genre Calviaria (Brachiopoda)

The genus CalvinariaStainbrook, 1945 is beingsubdivided by the writer into the following two new genera: Plionoptycherhynchus n. gen. based on the type species P. exformosus n. gen., n. sp., and Lateralatirostrum n. gen. based on the type species L. athabascense (Kindle, 1924).These type species are proposed as indices ofzones in the upper part of the lower Frasnian stage.The writer wishes to point out the doubtful validity of palaeogeographic reconstructions undertaken on the basis of too comprehensively, and consequently poorly, defined genera. In this connection he points out that the form occuring in the Ardennes and attributed to Eifelian species Terebratula formosaSchnur, 1851 belongs actually to a different genus and species and is of a different age.     

Annotated type catalogue of the Orthalicoidea (Mollusca, Gastropoda) in the Royal Belgian Institute of Sciences, Brussels, with descriptions of two new species

The type status is described of 57 taxa from the superfamily Orthalicoidea in the collection of the Brussels museum. Two new species are described: Stenostylus perturbatussp. n., and Suniellus adrianisp. n. New lectotypes are designated for Bulimulus (Naesiotus) amastroides Ancey, 1887; Bulimulus blanfordianus Ancey, 1903; Bulimulus montivagus chacoensis Ancey, 1897; Bulimus coloratus Nyst, 1845; Plecochilus dalmasi Dautzenberg, 1900; Placostylus porphyrostomus elata Dautzenberg, 1923; Bulimulus ephippium Ancey, 1904; Bulimus fulminans Nyst, 1843; Bulimus funckii Nyst, 1843; Orphnus thompsoni lutea Cousin, 1887; Bulimus melanocheilus Nyst, 1845; Orphnus thompsoni nigricans Cousin, 1887; Orphnus thompsoni olivacea Cousin, 1887; Bulimulus pollonerae Ancey, 1897; Orphnus thompsoni zebra Cousin, 1887. New combinations are: Bostryx borellii (Ancey, 1897); Bostryx carandaitiensis (Preston, 1907); Protoglyptus mazei (Crosse, 1874); Kuschelenia (Vermiculatus) sanborni (Haas, 1947). New synonymies are established for the following nominal taxa: Orphnus thompsoni var. lutea Cousin, 1887 = Kara thompsonii (Pfeiffer, 1845); Orphnus thompsoni var. nigricans Cousin, 1887 = Kara thompsonii (Pfeiffer, 1845); Thaumastus nystianus var. nigricans Cousin, 1887 = Drymaeus (Drymaeus) nystianus (Pfeiffer, 1853); Orphnus thompsoni var. olivacea Cousin, 1887 = Kara thompsonii (Pfeiffer, 1845); Orphnus thompsoni var. zebra Cousin, 1887 = Kara thompsonii (Pfeiffer, 1845).     

New Carboniferous brachiopod genera from Huai Bun Nak,North-east Thailand

Five new genera and species are described from brown silty mudstone near Huai Bun Nak, north-east Thailand. New taxa areProrugaria thailandica n. gen., n. sp. (Family Rugosochonetidae);Tuberculatella tubertella n.gen., n.sp. (Family Overtoniidae);Minispina alata n.gen., n.sp. (Family Marginiferidae);Aspinosella sinauris n.gen., n.sp. (Family Retariidae) andMucrospiriferinella undulosa n.gen., n.sp. (Family Xestotrematidae). The age is considered to be younger Carboniferous.     

Taxonomic changes in some predominantly Palaearctic distributed genera of Drymini (Heteroptera,Rhyparochromidae)

The history of the taxonomic research of Rhyparochromidae and especially Drymini is briefly reviewed. Two new species level synonyms are proposed: Taphropeltus javanus Bergroth, 1916, syn. n. = Taphropeltus australis Bergroth, 1916, syn. n. = Brentiscerus putoni (Buchanan White, 1878). A monotypic new genus, Malipatilius gen. n. (type species: Scolopostethus forticornis Gross, 1965 from Australia) is established.     

New Weevils (Coleoptera,Curculionoidea) from the Eocene of the Green River,United States: Part 1

New genera, Pseudochirotenon gen. nov. (with the type species P. eocaenicus sp. nov.), Archaeoheilus gen. nov. (type species A. scudderi sp. nov.), Primocentron gen. nov. (type species P. wickhami sp. nov.), and Pseudophaops gen. nov. (type species Otiorhynchus perditus Scudder, 1876), and new species, Pseudochirotenon eocaenicus sp. nov., Perapion rasnitsyni sp. nov., Archaeoheilus scudderi sp. nov., A. ovalis sp. nov., Primocentron wickhami sp. nov., and Eudiagogus vossi sp. nov., from the Early–Middle Eocene of the Green River are described. New combinations of names (Apionion evestigatum (Scudder, 1893), comb. nov., Archaeoheilus packardii (Scudder, 1893), comb. nov., A. provectus (Scudder, 1876), comb. nov., A. deleticius (Scudder, 1893), comb. nov., A. lacoei (Scudder, 1893), comb. nov., Pseudophaops perditus (Scudder, 1876), comb. nov.) are established. The first fossil records of the tribe Ecelonerini from the New World and genus Perapion from the Green River Formation are provided.     

Four new genera of the PIesiobracon Cameron group (Insecta, Hymenoptera, Braconinae)

Crinibracon gen.n. (type species: Crinibracon malayensis sp.n. from Malaysia), C. indicus sp.n. from India, C. striatus sp.n. from New Guinea, Lyricibracon gen.n. (type species: Lyricibracon bicolorus sp.n. from Brunei), Rugosibracon gen.n. (type species: Rugosibracon maculithorax sp.n. from S. Africa), R. nigerianus sp.n. from Nigeria and Simplicibracon gen.n. (type species: Simplicibracon maculigaster sp.n. from Taiwan) are described and illustrated. A key to the Plesibracon group of genera is provided, together with specific keys for the new genera Crinibracon and Rugosibracon .     

Classification of the gall midge tribe Aphidoletini (Diptera,Cecidomyiidae: Aphidoletidi) with descriptions of a new genus and a new species from the Kurile Islands

A new classification is proposed for the gall-midge tribe Aphidoletini including 4 subtribes, 10 genera, and 18 species: Aphidoletina—3 genera with 7 species (Aphidoletes, Tribremia, Ligulodiplosis), Monobremiina subtrib. n.—2 genera with 5 species (Monobremia, Shikotanodiplosis gen. n.), Aculeatodiplosina subtrib. n.—2 genera with 2 species (Aculeatodiplosis, Setodiplosis), and Triommatomyiina—3 genera with 4 species (Triommatomyia, Tingidoletes, Chanchudiplosis). New subtribes and a new genus with a new species are described. Shikotanodiplosis sundukovi gen. et sp. n. differs from Monobremia in a wide and curved aedeagus, basally swollen sclerotized hypoproct, and small basal lobes of the gonocoxites. Keys to the subtribes, genera, and species of Aphidoletini are given. The diagnoses of Aculeatodiplosis fasciata Fedotova et Sidorenko, 2005, Setodiplosis unifaria Fedotova, 2006, and Triommatomyia Mamaev, 1961 are supplemented with biometrical characters. Tribremia aphidophaga Marikovskij, 1956 is resurrected from synonyms of Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Rondani, 1847).     

New Genera and Higher Taxa of Septate Gregarines (Protozoa,Apicomplexa)*

SYNOPSIS The following new taxa of septate gregarines are established: METAMERIDAE fam. nov. includes genera Metamera Duke, Deutomera Bhatia & Setna, and Cognettia gen. n., the last with the type and only species C. legeri (Cognetti de Martiis); family GREGARINIDAE Labbé includes Degiustia gen. n. with the type and only species D. hyallela (Batten & DeGiusti); Cirrigregarina gen. n., with the type species C. spissa (Henry) and another species, C. kamenote (Hoshide); and Molluskocystis gen. n., with the type and only species M. pterotracheae (Stuart). Family HIRMOCYSTIDAE (Grassé) includes Arachnocystis gen. n., with the type species A. arachnoidea (Devdhar & Gourishankar) and 3 other species A. nitida (Geus), A. oribatidae (Geus), A. scutovertexi (Erhardová). Family ACTINOCEPHALIDAE (Léger), subfamily Actinocephalinae (Léger), includes Chilogregarina gen. n., with the type species C. striata (Léger & Duboscq) and 3 other species C. brasiliensis (Pinto), C. dujardini (Schneider), and C. stella (Léger).     

Review of the species level taxonomy of the neotropical butterfly genus Oenomaus (Lycaenidae,?Theclinae,?Eumaeini)

Seven new species of the Neotropical hairstreak genus Oenomaus are described: Oenomaus mancha Busby & Faynel, sp. n. (type locality Ecuador); Oenomaus gwenish Robbins & Faynel, sp. n. (type locality Panama); Oenomaus lea Faynel & Robbins, sp. n. (type locality Ecuador); Oenomaus myrteana Busby, Robbins & Faynel, sp. n. (type locality Ecuador); Oenomaus mentirosa Faynel & Robbins, sp. n. (type locality Peru); Oenomaus andi Busby & Faynel, sp. n. (type locality Ecuador) and Oenomaus moseri Robbins & Faynel, sp. n. (type locality Brazil, Santa Catarina). For each new Oenomaus species, we present diagnostic characters and notes on its habitat and biology. We illustrate adults, genitalia, and distribution. New distributional and biological data are presented for 21 previously described Oenomaus species. Oenomaus melleus guyanensis Faynel, 2008 is treated as a new synonym of Oenomaus melleus melleus (Druce, 1907). Females are described and associated with males for ten species using a variety of factors, including mitochondrial COI DNA “barcode” sequences. We summarize the reasons why the number of recognized Oenomaus species has grown in the past decade from one species to 28 species. Finally, we overview the habitats that Oenomaus species occupy and note that the agricultural pest on Annonaceae, Oenomaus ortygnus, is the only Oenomaus species that regularly occurs in greatly disturbed habitats.     

Teuthiden aus dem Unterapt (»Töck«) von Helgoland (Schleswig-Holstein,Norddeutschland)

From the Early Aptian (“Tæck”) of Heligoland (North Germany) three new species, one new genus and one new family of Teuthids are described:Mastigopbora stuehmeri n. sp.,Boreopeltis helgo landiae n. gen. n. sp. andMaioteuthis damesi n. sp. The new genusBoreopeltis n. gen. ist placed in the family Plesioteuthididae NAEF 1921. The genusMastigopbora OWEN 1856 previously attributed to the family Loligosepiidae van Regteren Altena 1949 is proposed as type genus of the new family Mastigophoridae. Two poorly preserved specimens cannot be identified specifically (?Trachyteuthis sp. andPlesioteuthis sp.).     

New Atrypids (Brachiopoda) from the Lower Devonian of Northeast Russia

New atrypids are described from the Lower Devonian of Northeast Russia: Musalitinispira, gen. nov. with type species M. dogdensis, sp. nov. (subfamily Atrypinae), Spinatrypina (Spinatrypina) krivensis, sp. nov., and Datnella, gen. nov. with type species D. datnensis (Baranov, 1995) (subfamily Spinatrypinae).