A New Apterous Leuctra (Plecoptera) Species from Turkey

Leuctra boluensis sp.n., which is the only apterous stonefly from Turkey, is described and illustrated. The ecology is also given.     

Temperature-induced changes in the life cycle of Leuctra nigra(Plecoptera: Leuctridae) from a Lake District stream

1. The life cycle of Leuctra nigra (Olivier) took 2 years in a small stream in the English Lake District and the exponential growth of the larvae was scarcely affected by variations in water temperature (range 4.2-14.0°C). Mean growth rates for three year-classes were 0.43±0.01, 0.42±0.01, 0.39±0.05% body length day^?1. There were thirteen or fourteen larval instars for males and fourteen or fifteen for females. The ratio between successive instars was a constant 1.20 (conformed with Dyar's rule). 2. Larval growth and mortality were exponential at six constant temperatures (5.9, 8.2, 12.1, 15.8, 18.2, 19.8°C) in the laboratory. Mean growth rates (% body length day^?1) increased directly with temperature from 0.37 (5.9°C) to 0.55 (19.8°C). Mean mortality rates (% day^?1) increased directly with temperature from 0.20 (5.9°C) to 0.26 (12.1°C) and then markedly increased to 0.54-0.58 at the three higher temperatures. Only 7-10% of animals completed their life cycle at the three higher temperatures compared with 23–27% at the three lower temperatures. Egg production also decreased considerably at the higher temperatures. 3. As growth rates in the stream and laboratory were similar at similar temperatures (<14°C), the optimum conditions for growth in the laboratory were probably similar to those in the stream; therefore resources such as food and space were not restricting growth in the stream. 4. The implications of the temperature-induced changes in growth and mortality are discussed and it is concluded that although the life cycle can change from semivoltine to univoltine with increasing temperature, the costs of a univoltine life cycle are high in terms of survival and egg production, both of which decreased markedly between 12.1 and 15.8°C. Therefore the optimum habitat for this species appears to be a summer cool stream (maximum temperature <14°C) and the optimal life cycle appears to be about 2 years from egg to adult.     

Description and life cycle of Leuctra iliberis sp. n. from Southern Spain (Plecoptera,Leuctridae)

The nymphs and adults of a new species of the genus Leuctra Stephens, 1835, L. iliberis are described and figured.

The life cycle is presented as result of monthly sampling during an annual cycle in the Sierra Nevada mountains (southern Spain).     

Two new species of genus Rhopalopsole (Insecta, Plecoptera, Leuctridae) from China

Two new species of Rhopalopsole Klapálek from China are described: Rhopalopsole exiguspina Du & Qian, sp. n. and Rhopalopsole ampulla Du & Qian, sp. n., which were collected in Guizhou province, China.     

Structure of ovaries and formation of egg envelopes in the stonefly,Leuctra autumnalis Aubert, 1948 (Plecoptera: Leuctridae). Ultrastructural studies

The investigation of ovaries and the formation of egg envelopes of the stonefly Leuctra autumnalis was carried out with light and transmission electron microscopes. The ovary of the studied species is paired and consists of several dozen panoistic ovarioles opening individually to the oviduct. The process of egg capsule formation already begins in previtellogenesis. At this time the follicular cells secrete precursors of the vitelline envelope. Analysis of the presented data suggests that the oocyte itself also takes part in the formation of the vitelline envelope during late vitellogenesis. Simultaneously, the follicular cells produce precursors of further layers of the egg capsule, i.e. two-layered chorion and extrachorion, consisting of two gelatinous layers and a flocculent one. The completely developed capsule contains channels, probably micropylar ones.     

Life histories of Nemouridae and Leuctridae in Southern Ontario (Plecoptera)

The life-histories of seven species of Nemouridae and two of Leuctridae have been investigated in Southern Ontario. Eleven sampling stations were chosen to illustrate the range of temperature conditions found in local streams.The Nemouridae and Leuctridae make up most of the stonefly fauna of the upstream cooler stations, but their numerical importance decreases considerably downstream.There is a definite seasonal succession of the species: Soyedina aallicularia, Prostoia completa and Shipsa rotunda appear in late spring, Nemoura trispinosa, Amphinemura delosa} and A. nigritta in early summer, Leuctra tenuis in midsummer and A. linda in late summer. L. ferruginea emerges throughout most of the summer, at least in the headwater streams.All the species are univoltine, except L. ferruginea which is usually semivoltine. Most Nemouridae, A. spp., P. completa and S. rotunda undergo a long embryonic diapause, whereas N. trispinosa and S. vallicularia develop directly. The nymphal development of N. trispinosa was compared in three streams; although the general pattern is similar, the growth is much more synchronized in the warmest station. There appears to be 16 nymphal instars in this species.L. ferruginea was common in seven stations; in the coolest, the life-cycle lasts two years, but in the warmest, many specimens succeed in completing their cycle in one year.

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Résumé Les cycles vitaux de sept espèces de Nemouridae et deux espèces de Leuctridae ont été étudiés dans onze ruisseaux du Sud de l'Ontario; ces stations d'échantillonnage représentent la gamme des températures des ruisseaux de cette région.Les Nemouridae et les Leuctridae constituent la majeure partie de la faune des Plécoptères dans les stations froides de l'amont. Cependant, leur importance décroît de façon significative dans les stations plus en aval.On reconnaît une succession bien définie des espèces durant l'année: Soyedina aallicularia, Prostoia completa et Shipsa rotunda apparaissent à la fin du printemps, Nemoura trispinosa, Amphinemura delosa et A. nigritta au début de l'été, Leuctra tenuis au milieu de l'ete et A. linda à la fin de l'été. L. ferruginea emerge pendant presque toute la saison chaude, du moins dans les stations de l'amont.Toutes ces espèces sont univoltines, sauf L. ferruginea qui est ordinairement semivoltine. La plupart des Nemouridae, soient A. spp., P. completa et S. rotunda doivent compléter une longue diapause embryonnaire, alors que N. trispinosa et S. vallicularia se développent directement. On a comparé la vie larvaire de N. trispinosa dans trois ruisseaux: bien que l'essentiel de la biologie soit semblable dans les trois cas, on remarque un plus grand synchronisme de la croissance dans la station la plus en aval. Il semble y avoir 16 stades larvaires chez cette espèce.L. ferruginea était abondante dans sept stations; dans la plus froide, le cycle vital dure deux ans, alors que dans la plus chaude, plusieurs specimens arrivent a boucler leur cycle en un an.

     

Ecology of <Emphasis Type=Italic>Leuctra geniculata</Emphasis> (Plecoptera: Leuctridae), an atlantomediterranean species on the north-eastern border of its area

The first records of Leuctra geniculata Stephens, 1836 in the north-eastern border of its area (the Czech Republic) are presented and an overview of references, synonyms and distribution of the species is given. The ecological preferences of the species, supported by chemical and hydromorphological parameters, are defined. Probable dissemination paths into the Czech Republic and the supposed life cycle of the species are discussed. Photographs of morphological characters, SEM photos of eggs, associated macroinvertebrate assemblages (EPT taxa) and maps of distribution are included.     

贵州钩(虫责)属一新种记述((襀)翅目:(虫责)科)

记述采自贵州宽阔水保护区的钩(虫责)属l新种:巨刺钩(虫责)Kamimuria grandispinata Du ＆Sun,sp.nov.,该新种的阳茎特征与长刺钩虫责K.longispina Wu相似,但长刺钩(虫责)阳茎囊背面近端部有1膜质突起,上面生有粒状微刺,而新种阳茎囊背面近端部是1个近似三角形的刺斑,无突起...     

Brachyptera berkii,a New Plecoptera (Taeniopterygidae) Species from Turkey

Brachyptera berkii sp. n. is described and illustrated from Western Turkey.     

Three new Species of Tabanidae from Sichuan,China (Diptera)

This report discribes 2 new species of Haematopota, 1 new species of Tabanus and 2 males of T. omeishanensis Xu, and T. liangshanensis Xu. All the types are deposited in the Institute of Microbiology & Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, P.L.A., China. Haematopota erlangshanensis, sp. nov. (fig. 1; 2—2) This species is related to H. hakusanensis Togashi, but is easily     

A New Species of Mesonemoura from Yunnan: Mesonemoura sbordonii sp.n. (Plecoptera: Nemouridae)

Mesonemoura sbordonii, a new species of Nemouridae (Plecoptera) from Yunnan (China) is described. Remarks on its relationships with the closest species, M. vaillanti, are given.     

Two New Species of Tupiperla (Plecoptera: Gripopterygidae) from the Missions Area of Argentina and Paraguay

Tupiperla flinti sp. n. from Misiones in Argentina and from southern Paraguay, and T. misionera sp. n. from Misiones are described.     

Agnetina den, a new species of perlid stonefly (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Vietnam

A new species of perlid stonefly, Agnetina den, is described from Vietnam. Male adults of this species can be easily distinguished by their black body color pattern, submedian patches of sensilla basiconica on hemitergites 7–8, and clusters of long dense fine setae on the inner sides the abdominal tergites. Illustrations of habitat and diagnostic characters are presented.     

Three New Species of Vernonia (Compositae: Vernonieae) from Mexico

Three new Mexican species ofVernonia,V. macphersonii,V. pugana andV. tequilana, are described.     

The life cycle and drumming behavior of Zealeuctra claasseni (Frison) and Zealeuctra hitei ricker and ross (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) in Texas,USA 1

The life histories of Zealeuctra claasseni (Frison) and Zealeuctra hitei (Ricker and Ross) (Plecoptera: Leuctridae) were determined from observations and sampling on a Red River tributary in Cooke County, and N. Pecan Creek, Wise County, Texas, Dec., 1974‐June, 1978. Both species showed peak emergence when daily temperature was ca. 12°. Emergence was diurnal, with teneral adults and mating pairs found from dawn—late evening. Male‐female drumming signals were successfully recorded for both species. Incubation experiments at simulated stream temperatures indicated rapid embryonic development, so that larvae were visible through the chorion within ca. 4 weeks after deposition. Both species have highly flexible seasonal development patterns. Four types of life cycles seem possible, depending on field conditions: (1) slow univoltine, (2) fast univoltine, (3) slow semivoltine, and (4) fast semivoltine.     

中国星水虻属三新种(双翅目:水虻科)

@@ 本文记述中国星水虻属3新种,即双斑星水虻Actina bimaculata,sp.nov.,三斑星水虻A trimaculata,sp.nov.和单斑星水虻A unimaculata,sp.nov..模式标本保存在中国农业大学昆虫博物馆.     

Two new species in the subfamily Perlinae (Plecoptera,Perlidae) from China

Two species in the genera Neoperla and Kamimuria (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from China are described as new: Kamimuria guangxiasp. n., and Neoperla mesostylasp. n. The new species are compared to similar taxa.