Karyotype,sex determination and male meiosis in three benthic water bugs (Hemiptera: Nepomorpha: Aphelocheiridae)

We report here the first chromosome numbers for benthic water bugs (Nepomorpha: Aphelocheiridae). All three studied species, Aphelocheirus aestivalis (Fabricius, 1794), A. murcius Nieser and Millán, 1989 and Aphelocheirus sp. from Ebro River (northern Spain), have karyotype 2n = 22 + XX/X(0) and inverted sequence of the X chromosome divisions in male meiosis. The similarity and difference in cytogenetic traits between Aphelocheiridae and other families of Nepomorpha are shortly discussed.     

盖蝽属两新种记述(半翅目,盖蝽科)

记述了盖蝽科两新种:黄足盖蝽Aphelocheirus luteus sP.nov.和角盖蝽Aphelocheirus longidentatus sp.nov..模式标本保存在南开大学昆虫学研究所.文中量度单位均为mm.     

First report on Wolbachia endosymbiosis in freshwater Aphelocheirus aestivalis (Heteroptera: Aphelocheiridae) and its potential impact on genetic diversity of host

Alphaproteobacteria Wolbachia have been described as endosymbionts of approximately half of all aquatic insect species. These bacteria might affect not only reproduction but also the genetic diversity of its hosts. In the present study we identified Wolbachia endosymbiosis in freshwater true bug Aphelocheirus aestivalis F., 1794 (Heteroptera: Aphelocheiridae). Despite the fact that A. aestivalis is widely distributed in Europe, it occurs rather locally, often in isolated populations. Taking into account that Wolbachia, close relationships and past demographic phenomena could affect the genetic diversity of its host, we analyzed mitochondrial (COI and 16S) and nuclear (internal transcribed spacer 2) markers determined for A. aestivalis individuals collected from five populations. Moreover, we compared obtained COI sequences with those deposited in GenBank. Analyses revealed low genetic differentiation among samples tested, as well as low variation among determined COI sequences and those downloaded from the database. Although Wolbachia infection could correlate with decreasing mitochondrial diversity of its host, we suggest that low genetic variation observed in tested A. aestivalis samples (at both mitochondrial and nuclear levels) is a result of populations’ close relationships, past demographic phenomena or is characteristic for this species. Detailed analysis of the wsp gene fragment revealed two distinct strains of Wolbachia infecting A. aestivalis. Both of them belong to supergroup A, also found in other arthropods.     

A versatile laboratory stream with examples of its use in the investigation of invertebrate behaviour

A versatile and simple laboratory stream was designed and used to investigate the burrowing activity of two insects in response to changes in water velocity and substrate type.Aphelocheirus aestivalis adults were unable to burrow into sand, however, a small proportion of juveniles did burrow in this substrate. The presence of sand in gravel reduced the burrowing success of adults. Steady increases in flow stimulated the burrowing response of both adults and juveniles on gravel and sandy gravel.Ephemera danica was unable to burrow in sand alone at the velocities used in the experiment. The presence of particles greater than 2 mm in diameter in the substrate appeared to be essential for successful burrowing under the test conditions. An increase in flow from 3 to 8 cm s^–1 resulted in an increase in burrowing. The time taken for each specimen to burrow varied widely within replicate tests but most specimens had penetrated the substrate within 150 seconds of introduction. The implications of these observations in influencing the microdistribution of these species are discussed.     

中国羿小叶蝉属分类研究（半翅目：叶蝉科：小绿叶蝉族）

研究了中国小绿叶蝉族羿小叶蝉属Helionides,提出了4个新组合,报道了采自中国南方的2新纪录种,提供了中国该属已知种的检索表。     

中国鹿角兰属(兰科)植物新资料

报道了中国兰科(Orchidaceae)鹿角兰属(Pomatocalpa)一新记录种——纹瓣鹿角兰［P. tonkinense (Gagnep.) Seidenf.］,凭证标本保存于广西植物研究所标本馆(IBK)。纹瓣鹿角兰的花序疏生多数花,萼片、花瓣均具2条紫色条纹,中萼片及花瓣远长于侧萼片,与中国原记录的2种鹿角属植物容易区分。该研究提供了新记录种的形态描述、中国鹿角兰属植物图版及分种检索表。     

广西禾本科植物二新记录属

该文报道了广西禾本科(Poaceae)植物二新记录属,即菵草属( Beckmannia Host)和草沙蚕属( Tripogon Roem. et Schult.)。菵草属有2种及1变种,分布较广,我国有1种1变种,广西首次记录到该属的菵草[ Beckmannia syzigachne (Steud.) Fern.]。草沙蚕属约有30种,多分布于亚洲和非洲,我国有11种,广西首次记录到该属的线形草沙蚕( Tripogon filiformis Nees ex Steud.)。同时,还提供了2个新记录属、种的形态描述与照片。     

Known and two new species of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Rhytisma</Emphasis> (Rhytismatales,Ascomycota) from China

Three species of Rhytisma are described based on recently collected specimens from the Anhui province, China. Rhytisma anhuiense is a new species causing a serious tar spot disease on Rhododendron simsii. Rhytisma yuexiense is a new species, which develops its stromata only on fallen leaves of Rhododendron ovatum. Rhytisma himalense on Ilex fargesii is a known species and probably widely distributed in China. Including the two new species, 11 species of Rhytisma are known from China which are presented in a key.     

中国苦苣苔科植物的多样性与地理分布（附表）

物种多样性编目是开展生物多样性保护的重要基础,该研究结合最新分子系统学研究成果以及近年来发表的新资料,对中国苦苣苔科植物多样性和地理分布数据进行了统计和分析.结果表明:中国苦苣苔科植物共有44属671种(含种下单位,下同),其中特有属11个;特有种573种,占总种数的85.39%.种数最多的10个属依次为广义报春苣苔属(180种)、广义马铃苣苔属(122种)、石蝴蝶属(39种)、半蒴苣苔属(39种)、芒毛苣苔属(38种)、长蒴苣苔属(35种)、石山苣苔属(31种)、吊石苣苔属(31种)、蛛毛苣苔属(28种)、汉克苣苔属(22种).在地理分布上,种数排名前10的省份(区)有广西(260种,33属)、云南(236种,30属)、贵州(96种,28属)、广东(93种,17属)、四川(85种,21属)、湖南(58种,13属)、西藏(39种,9属)、湖北(29种,15属)、福建(26种,13属)、江西(25种,9属).含中国特有苦苣苔科植物的属中排前10位的分别为广义报春苣苔属(178种)、广义马铃苣苔属(119种)、石蝴蝶属(37种)、半蒴苣苔属(35种)、石山苣苔属(30种)、长蒴苣苔属(29种)、吊石苣苔属(23种)、蛛毛苣苔属(19种)、芒毛苣苔属(19种)、汉克苣苔属(11种).这表明中国南部和西南部是苦苣苔科植物的一个分布中心,特别是石灰岩地区有着高度的物种多样性和特有性,广义报春苣苔属、广义马铃苣苔属、石蝴蝶属、半蒴苣苔属、石山苣苔属、吊石苣苔属等为我国典型的优势属.此外,根据目前的研究现状,还对我国苦苣苔科植物资源的调查、分类学和系统发育研究、保护和可持续利用等进行了讨论.     

中国隆痣短柄泥蜂属研究及二新记录种记述（膜翅目：方头泥蜂科）

记述我国已知的隆痣短柄泥蜂属Carinostigmus Tsuneki 9种,其中包括2中国新记录种:脉隆痣短柄泥蜂Carinostigmus costatus Krombein, 1984,以及弯柄隆痣短柄泥蜂Carinostigmus maior (Maidl, 1925)。编制了中国隆痣短柄泥蜂属已知种类检索表。     

越南苦苣苔科植物国家级分布新记录——大苞漏斗苣苔

漏斗苣苔属(Raphiocarpus Chun)是分布于中国至中南半岛一带的小属,主要产于中国华南西南抵越南北部至中部,但之前中越两国共有分布的该属物种仅有3个种。大苞漏斗苣苔[Raphiocarpus begoniifolius(Lévl.)Burtt]一度被认为是中国的特有种,仅分布在中国的广西西北部、贵州西南部、云南东南部和湖北西北部,尚未见有在越南的相关研究报道。该文首次报道了越南植物区系中大苞漏斗苣苔的国家级分布新记录,使得中越两国共有分布的该属物种上升到了4个种,并着重讨论了大苞漏斗苣苔与其近缘种长筒漏斗苣苔[Raphiocarpus macrosiphon(Hance)Burtt]的区别特征,进一步完善了越南所分布的漏斗苣苔属植物检索表。根据中越两国的各自与联合野外考察工作对该种的濒危现状进行了讨论,为中越两国开展该种乃至该属植物的保育提供了直接证据。凭证标本保存于越南生物资源与生态研究所标本馆(HN)中。     

中国新记录种黑毛地蜂记述（膜翅目：地花蜂科：毛地蜂亚科）

对近来记述的古北区东部地区的毛地蜂属Panurginus Nylander全部14个种作了补充研究。中国对该属的研究较少,仅知2种：黑足毛地蜂Panurginus nigripes Morawitz 和黄跗毛地蜂Panurginus flavotarsus ? Wu。黑毛地蜂Panurginus niger Nylander为该属的模式种,分布于俄罗斯和蒙古,本文报道该种为中国新记录种。目前,中国已知该属3种,分属于2个组即niger-group和herzi-group。文中提供了中国已知种类检索表。     

Updating the knowledge of assassin bug cockroaches (Blattodea: Blaberidae: Paranauphoeta Brunner von Wattenwyl): Species from China and taxonomic changes

The investigation into the cockroach genus Paranauphoeta Brunner von Wattenwyl is insufficient, and there is a lack of taxonomic documentation of this genus from China. Recently, the authors obtained some newly collected specimens which facilitated this study. In this paper the generalized morphology of Paranauphoeta is interpreted in detail, particularly for the male phallic complex, which is illustrated as a whole rather than in pieces. The taxonomy of Paranauphoeta species from China is revised. One out of four species recorded from China, P. indica Saussure & Zehntner, is removed; instead, P. kirby nom. nov. is recorded from China. Together with three new species described in this paper, namely, P. anulata sp. nov. , P. brachyptera sp. nov. and P. lineola sp. nov. , a total of seven Paranauphoeta species are now known to occur in China, whose habitus photos are provided. The new species confirm that this genus is wing‐polymorphic. Male structures, if available, are illustrated. Female structures and oothecae, of which knowledge is limited in this genus and also in cockroach taxonomy, are illustrated or documented, respectively. A key to and a distribution map of the Paranauphoeta species from China are provided. In addition, P. atra Shelford nom. rev. , P. sinica Bey‐Bienko stat. nov. and P. vietnamensis Anisyutkin stat. nov. are regarded as valid separate species.     

Revision of the genus Rhotala Walker, 1857 (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Achilidae) in China,with description of a new species

The achilid genus Rhotala is taxonomically revised based on specimens from China. Four species are recognized in this paper as valid: R. vittata Matsumura, 1914; R. dimidiata Jacobi, 1944; R. fanjingshana Chen et Yang, 2008; and one new species: R. jiangxiensis sp. nov. (southern China: Jiangxi). Male genitalia of these species are described and illustrated. In addition, hind tibia, forewings and hindwings are illustrated for the male of R. jiangxiensis sp. nov. A diagnosis of the genus is redefined. A key to the species of Rhotala in China is presented.     

中国圆顶瓢蜡蝉属回顾及一新种描记（半翅目：蜡蝉总科：瓢蜡蝉科）

对中国圆顶瓢蜡蝉属Thabena Stl,1861进行了分类回顾,共有4种:海南圆顶瓢蜡蝉T.hainanensis(Ran & Liang,2006)(中国海南)、兰坪圆顶瓢蜡蝉T.lanpingensis sp.nov.(中国云南)、黎桃圆顶瓢蜡蝉T.litaoensis(Yang,1994)(中国台湾、海南)和云南圆顶瓢蜡蝉T.yunnanensis(Ran & Liang,2006)(中国云南)。对其中2个种兰坪圆顶瓢蜡蝉T.lanpingensis和黎桃圆顶瓢蜡蝉T.litaoensis进行了描记或重新描记,绘制了特征图。提供了中国圆顶瓢蜡蝉属全部已知种的检索表。     

A STUDY ON THE GENUS BRYOMYIA KIEFFER (DIPTERA: CECIDOMYHDAE) FROM CHINA*

Abstract Four Chinese species of genus Bryomyia Kieffer are recorded in the present paper, among which, one species: B. puberula Li et Bu is described as new to science; two species; B. bergrothi Kieffer and B. gibbosa (Felt) are recorded for the first time from China. Key to the known Chinese species of the genus is given. Type specimen is deposited in the Department of Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.     

中国光鞘薪甲属一新纪录种再描记（鞘翅目：薪甲科）

记述光鞘薪甲属中国新纪录种Corticaria elongata(Gyllenhal,1827),对该种进行了重新描记,提供了该属中国已知种名录。     

A revision of the Chinese Catops Paykull 1798 of the Catops fuscus species group (Coleoptera: Leiodidae: Cholevinae)

Five species of the Catops fuscus species group are reported from China. Three species are newly described: C. hlisnikovskyi n. sp. from the Beijing municipality and Jiangsu province, C. schuelkei n. sp. from Sichuan and Yunnan provinces, and C. smetanai n. sp. from Sichuan and Yunnan provinces. Female of C. sasajii Nishikawa 2007 is described and the species is reported from Hubei, Sichuan and Yunnan provinces for the first time. Catops nigricans (Spence 1813) is reported for the first time from China (Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region). Important morphological characters are illustrated and the distribution of all species in China is mapped. Preliminar phylogenetic analysis separates (C. hlisnikovskyi n. sp.+C. fuscus fuscus Panzer 1794) as a sister clade to C. nigricans+(C. sasajii+(C. schuelkei n. sp.+C. smetanai n. sp.)), with C. paramericanus Peck & Cook 2002 as outgroup.     

毛茛目植物柄锈菌中国种的修订

作者对中国毛茛目植物(毛茛科,木通科和小檗科)上柄锈菌属的种进行了较详细的研究,对过去的错误报告和鉴定作了订正,共获得9个种,其中有3个新记录,即赛铁线莲柄锈菌Puccinia atragenes Hausm.,宽叶牛姆瓜柄锈菌Puccinia holboelliae-lat如liae Cumm.和鬼臼柄锈菌Puccinia podophylli Schw.。文中对每个种作了描述和讨论并附图和分种检索表。