Miliusa cambodgensis sp. nov. (Annonaceae) from Cambodia and M. astiana,M. ninhbinhensis spp. nov. from Vietnam

The genus Miliusa in Cambodia and Vietnam is reviewed. Cambodia and Vietnam each harbors six species of Miliusa, including three which are described as new to science: one from Cambodia (Miliusa cambodgensis sp. nov.), the other two from Vietnam (M. astiana and M. ninhbinhensis spp. nov.). In addition, a complete nomenclature and relevant information about the Miliusa species previously known from Cambodia and Vietnam are provided, including keys to the Cambodian and Vietnamese species, the designation of a lectotype for M. baillonii and the synonymization of M. balansae var. elongatoides, M. chunii and M. sinensis with M. balansae.     

越南苦苣苔科植物国家级分布新记录——大苞漏斗苣苔

漏斗苣苔属(Raphiocarpus Chun)是分布于中国至中南半岛一带的小属,主要产于中国华南西南抵越南北部至中部,但之前中越两国共有分布的该属物种仅有3个种。大苞漏斗苣苔[Raphiocarpus begoniifolius(Lévl.)Burtt]一度被认为是中国的特有种,仅分布在中国的广西西北部、贵州西南部、云南东南部和湖北西北部,尚未见有在越南的相关研究报道。该文首次报道了越南植物区系中大苞漏斗苣苔的国家级分布新记录,使得中越两国共有分布的该属物种上升到了4个种,并着重讨论了大苞漏斗苣苔与其近缘种长筒漏斗苣苔[Raphiocarpus macrosiphon(Hance)Burtt]的区别特征,进一步完善了越南所分布的漏斗苣苔属植物检索表。根据中越两国的各自与联合野外考察工作对该种的濒危现状进行了讨论,为中越两国开展该种乃至该属植物的保育提供了直接证据。凭证标本保存于越南生物资源与生态研究所标本馆(HN)中。     

Occurrence of velvet-fishes of the genus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cocotropus</Emphasis> (Teleostei: Scorpaeniformes: Aploactinidae) in Vietnam waters with descriptions of two new species

For the first time, the genus Cocotropus is recorded from the South China Sea and in the Vietnam fauna. Two new species are described—C. astakhovi and C. eksae spp. n. They are compared in detail with 14 previously known species of this genus. The fauna of velvet-fishes of Vietnam is revised. Previously noted for Vietnam Paraploactis sp. is attributed to C. astakhovi.     

苦苣苔科凹柱苣苔属在越南的发现及水晶凹柱苣苔的补充描述

中越边境喀斯特地区有着异乎寻常的植物多样性,已经成为全球生物多样性研究和保护的热点区域,近年来在该区发现了多个苦苣苔科植物的新种或新属。凹柱苣苔属是2010年才被建立的新属,该属的花与叶相比,花较大,叶相对较小,叶片边缘稍外卷,花序仅单花,柱头盘状或凹坑状,蒴果长椭球形而有别于苦苣苔科的其他属。凹柱苣苔属为喀斯特专性植物,目前仅包括分布于黔西南的凹柱苣苔和分布于滇东南的水晶凹柱苣苔两个物种。作者在开展中越边境喀斯特地区植物多样性调查时,在越南北部的河江省发现了水晶凹柱苣苔,基于该新发现居群的植物标本,对其进行了补充描述,确认其花期为11月—12月,并对该物种濒危状况进行了重新评估,同时提供了野外生态照片以资辨认。目前,越南已记录苦苣苔科植物32属150余种,凹柱苣苔属在越南北部的发现,不仅丰富了该国苦苣苔科植物的多样性,再一次充分证明了中越边境喀斯特地区是一个完整的植物区系地理单元,而且为稀有的水晶凹柱苣苔提供了更加丰富的野外本底资料,对其将来的深入研究和保护具有重要的生物地理学和保护生物学意义。     

Two New Lacconectus Species from Vietnam (Coleoptera; Dytiscidae)

Two new species of Lacconectus Motschulsky are described from Vietnam, Lacconectus valeriae sp. n. and L. baolocensis sp. n., and a key is given for the species described from and occurring in that country. Together with the two new species, seven species are now known from Vietnam, and the number of Lacconectus species rises to 60.     

Effect of temperature on the in vitro reproductive fitness of Pratylenchus coffeae populations from Vietnam

The in vitro reproductive fitness on carrot discs of 10 Pratylenchus coffeae populations collected from different agricultural crops in different agro-ecological regions in Vietnam was studied and compared with the reproductive fitness of a P. coffeae population from Ghana. Few major differences in in vitro reproductive fitness on carrot discs among the 10 P. coffeae populations from Vietnam examined (with the exception of one population originally isolated from the roots of an unidentified ornamental tree and one population originally isolated from banana), and between these populations and the P. coffeae population originally isolated from banana in Ghana were observed. Our observations indicate that although the optimum temperature for reproduction of three P. coffeae populations from Vietnam examined is 25?°C to, at least, 30?°C, these populations are also tolerant to low temperatures (15–20?°C) enabling them to survive the low temperatures which occur during the winter in the northern and central parts of Vietnam.     

Alpinia newmanii sp. nov. (Zingiberaceae) from central Vietnam

Alpinia newmanii, a new species from central Vietnam, is described and illustrated. A morphological comparison with the most closely related species and a key to the species of Alpinia subsection Catimbium in Vietnam are provided.     

Mitochondrial Control Region and Population Genetic Patterns of Nycticebus bengalensis and N. pygmaeus

Bengal slow lorises (Nycticebus bengalensis) and pygmy slow lorises (Nycticebus pygmaeus) are nocturnal which creates difficulties to study them in the field. There is a scarcity of data on them and their population genetics are poorly understood. We sequenced and analyzed a partial fragment in the first hypervariable region of the mitochondrial control region or D-loop HVRI of 21 Nycticebus bengalensis and 119 N. pygmaeus from the boundary between China and Vietnam where they are sympatric. Though the sample size for Nycticebus pygmaeus is much larger, the polymorphism level is much lower than that of N. bengalensis, possibly because of (1) external gene flow from other habitats of N. bengalensis, (2) gene ingression from Sunda slow lorises (N. coucang coucang) to N. bengalensis, (3) a skewed birth sex ratio in N. pygmaeus, and (4) a possible low survival rate of infant N. pygmaeus. Based on genetic comparisons to Nycticebus bengalensis, we propose that N. pygmaeus in southern China and northern Vietnam might have migrated from middle or southern Vietnam recently. Deng Pan and Jing-Hua Chen made equal contributions to the work.     

The Genus Rhyacophila Pictet (Trichoptera: Rhyacophilidae) in Vietnam

Currently, 20 species of the genus Rhyacophila are known from Vietnam. Of these, 17 species are distributed among eight species groups, with three species unassigned. Examination of material collected by personnel of the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto, Canada has revealed six new species and five new records of Rhyacophila from Vietnam, distributed among six species groups, four of which are new to Vietnam. Newly described species include: Rhyacophila smithi, Rh. curriei, Rh. laocai, Rh. meyi, Rh. olahi, and Rh. fernandi. Rhyacophila bidens Kimmins, Rh. inaequalis Denning and Schmid, Rh. lhabu Schmid, Rh. malayana Banks, and Rh. rhombica Martynov are recorded from Vietnam for the first time. The females of four species, Rh. bidens, Rh. immaculata Mey, Rh. malayana Banks, and Rh. tamdaona Oláh, are described for the first time. All 31 species of Rhyacophila now known from Vietnam are included in this work, organized by branch and species group.     

越南苦苣苔科石蝴蝶属植物随记暨国家级分布新记录

石蝴蝶属(Petrocosmea Oliv.)植物的现代分布与分化中心位于中国的西南山地以及周边国家和地区,如印度(阿萨姆邦)、缅甸、泰国、越南等也有分布。近年来,中国和中南半岛上各个国家和地区的新分类群和国家级新记录层出不穷,进一步加深了研究人员对中国和中南半岛植物区系以及该属植物在上述区域的多样性的理解。例如,滇黔石蝴蝶[Petrocosmea martinii (H. Léveillé)H. Léveillé]和丝毛石蝴蝶(P. sericea C.Y. Wu ex H. W. Li)曾被认为是中国的特有种,前者分布于贵州、广西北部和云南东南部,而后者仅见于云南东南部。该文报道了这两种石蝴蝶属植物的越南国家级分布新记录。这两个新记录种的发现,使得越南分布的石蝴蝶属植物种的数量上升到了5 种,这些新记录种的报道或暗示未来在与中国西南山地邻近的地区还将会有更多该属的新分类群或新记录有待发现。该文还同时提供了这两个国家级分布新记录物种的描述、图示、濒危等级现状评价以及目前所有越南已知分布的石蝴蝶属植物的检索表以备检索和核对。     

Effects of constant and fluctuating temperatures on development of the coconut hispine beetle,Brontispa longissima (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and two species of parasitoid

Abstract

The larval parasitoid Asecodes hispinarum Bou?ek has been used to control the coconut hispine beetle, Brontispa longissima (Gestro) in Vietnam. Although A. hispinarum has succeeded in suppressing B. longissima in southern Vietnam, biocontrol has not succeeded in central Vietnam. One factor underlying this failure might be the high temperature during the hot season. In the present work, we examined whether A. hispinarum parasitises the beetles within the range of temperatures that occur during the hot season in central Vietnam and we evaluated the potential use of the pupal parasitoid Tetrastichus brontispae Ferrière. Development of the beetle and two parasitoids was investigated at two constant temperatures (28 and 30°C) and at fluctuating temperatures from 25 to 35°C (corresponding to temperatures during the hot season in central Vietnam). B. longissima reached adulthood in all the temperature treatments. More than 70% of A. hispinarum emerged from hosts at 28°C, but none emerged at 30°C or under fluctuating temperature conditions, indicating that A. hispinarum cannot be used as a biological control agent in central Vietnam. However, T. brontispae could reproduce the next generation at all temperatures. These results suggest that T. brontispae is a potential agent for continuous biological control of B. longissima in central Vietnam.     

越南杜鹃花科新记录——深裂树萝卜(英文)

报道了越南杜鹃花科(Ericaceae)1新记录种——深裂树萝卜(Agapetes lobbii C.B.Clarke)。该种产自越南北部莱州省(Lai Chau)的Sin Ho地区,凭证标本保存在越南科学技术院生态和生物资源研究所标本馆(HN)。     

越南北部齿蛉及鱼蛉种类纪要（广翅目：齿蛉科）

基于近3年意大利佛罗伦萨大学与越南国家自然博物馆联合考察采集的标本,记述越南北部齿蛉科4属18种,包括6个越南新记录种:普通齿蛉Neoneuromus ignobilis Navás,1932、东方齿蛉N.orientalis Liu&Yang,2004、锡金齿蛉N.sikkimensis(van der Weele,1907)、广西星齿蛉Protohermesguangxiensis Yang&Yang,1986、台湾斑鱼蛉Neochauliodes formosanus(Okamoto,1910)和污翅斑鱼蛉N.fraternus(McLachlan,1869)。     

Molecular assessment of Ulva (Ulvales,Chlorophyta) diversity in Vietnam including the new species U. vietnamensis

Species diversity of Ulva in Vietnam was investigated using three commonly used genetic markers, the nuclear encoded rDNA ITS region and the plastid encoded rbcL and tufA genes. Single locus species delimitation methods, complemented with morphological and ecological information resulted in the delimitation of 19 species. This diversity is largely incongruent with the traditional understanding of Ulva diversity in Vietnam. Only four species identified in this study, U. lactuca, U. reticulata, U. spinulosa, and U. flexuosa, have been previously reported, and seven species, U. ohnoi, U. tepida, U. chaugulii, U. kraftiorum, U. meridionalis, U. limnetica, and U. aragoënsis, are recorded for the first time from Vietnam. Seven genetic clusters could not be associated with species names with certainty. A new species, U. vietnamensis, is described from marine to brackish coastal areas from southern Vietnam based on its morphological and molecular distinctiveness from the currently known Ulva species. A comparison with recent molecular-based studies of Ulva diversity showed that species composition in Vietnam is similar to that of adjacent countries, including Japan, China, as well as Australia. Our study emphasizes the importance of molecular data in the assessment of Ulva diversity, and indicates that a lot of diversity may still remain to be discovered, especially in tropical regions.     

Taxonomic and faunistic studies of the Sepsidae (Diptera) from Vietnam,with descriptions of six new species

A total of 52 species belonging to nine genera of the Sepsidae are reported from Vietnam. Of these, six species (Dicranosepsis splendifica sp. nov., D. trochanteris sp. nov., Mucha rectotibialis sp. nov., Perochaeta exilis sp. nov., Sepsis nigriminima sp. nov. and S. silvicola sp. nov.) are described as new to science. Eighteen species are newly recorded from Vietnam. Toxopoda pseudoviduata Ozerov, 2010 is synonymized with T. cavata Iwasa, 2008. The faunal composition of Vietnamese Sepsidae is divided into six groups based on distributional data and discussed. A key to the species of Vietnamese Sepsidae is also provided.     

越南赤车属(荨麻科)二新记录

报道越南赤车属(荨麻科)二新记录种,即翅茎赤车(Pellionia caulialata S．Y．Liou)和光果赤车(P ．leio-carpa W．T．Wang),并提供描述.它们原记载分布于中国,现在越南北部发现有分布,凭证标本保存在PE.