Descriptions of a new Brazilian Tacora species and the female of Tacora saturata, and a key to the species of the genus (Insecta, Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Cicadellini)

Tacora johanni, a new species from Rondônia State, North Brazil, is described and illustrated. The new species can be recognized by the male genital features, especially the subgenital plates with the basal half distinctly expanded and with outer lateral margin round, the long and slender preapical pygofer process, and the styles with apical half strongly curved. Also, the genus is recorded for the first time from Venezuela, based on specimens of Tacora saturata Young, 1977, while the female of this species (here described in detail for the first time) shows two unusual features of the genitalia. A key to males of all known Tacora species and a map showing the known distribution of the genus are provided.     

Larval development ofNeopisosoma neglectum werding, 1986 (Decapoda: Anomura: Porcellanidae) under laboratory conditions

The complete larval development of the porcellanid crabNeopisosoma negluctum Werding, 1986, was studied under laboratory conditions. At 27°C, the megalopa appeared after 9 days. The development consists of a transitory prezoea, two zoeal stages and a megalopa stage. The larvae exhibit telsonal features which places them in thePetrolisthes-group of porcellanid larvae. Larval morphology gives no additional support for the status ofNeopisosoma as an independent genus.     

Genus Carvaka Distant in Australia (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Selenocephalinae)

Abstract  The leafhopper genus Carvaka Distant (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Selenocephalinae) in Australia is reviewed in light of recent publications on the subfamily Selenocephalinae in the Oriental region. The genus Exitianellus Evans is transferred from the subfamily Deltocephalinae to the Paraboloponini and synonymised with Carvaka . Carvaka elegantula (Evans) comb. nov. is redescribed and three new species, C. mouldsorum , C. maculata and C. flava are added to the genus. A key for the separation of the Australian species of Carvaka is provided. The Australian fauna represents all three recognised species groups of the genus. The significance of this to the biogeographical origins of the Australian fauna is discussed.     

Redescription and New Synonymies of Heteronemia Gray, 1835 (Insecta: Phasmatodea) Transferred to the Suborder Areolatae

Re-examination of the holotype of the stick insect species Heteronemia mexicana Gray, 1835, the type species of the genus Heteronemia Gray, 1835, has revealed this species to actually represent the suborder Areolatae. This discovery results in a number of dramatic nomenclatural alterations. As the family Heteronemiidae is based on Heteronemia, all of its more than 160 constituent genera but Heteronemia must be reallocated, being indeed members of the suborder Anareolatae. The Diapheromeridae Kirby, 1904, n.stat., being the next oldest available name, is thus allotted full family rank to encompass them. The following new synonymies have been established: generic synonyms of Heteronemia Gray, 1835 are Bacunculus Burmeister, 1838, Bactridium Saussure, 1868, Bacillidium Uvarov, 1939, and Donusa Stål, 1875. Synonyms of Heteronemia mexicana Gray, 1835, are Prisomera phyllopus Gray, 1835, Bacunculus spatulatus Burmeister, 1838, Bactridium coulonianum Saussure, 1868, Donusa prolixa Stål, 1875, Bacteria foliacea Blanchard, 1851, and Donusa glabriuscula Redtenbacher, 1906. Synonyms of Heteronemia chilensis (Westwood, 1859) are Bacteria cornuta Philippi, 1863, Bacteria collaris Philippi, 1863, and possibly Bacunculus blanchardi Camousseight, 1988. Heteronemia is rediagnosed, becoming the only genus in the family Heteronemiidae and comprising but two valid species, mexicana and chilensis, both from Chile. Hence the holotype of mexicana, claimed to derive from Mexico, was apparently mislabelled. A lectotype is designated for Bacunculus spatulatus Burmeister, 1838.     

Oragua Melichar, 1926: key to species from southeastern Brazil and a new species from Rio de Janeiro State (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellini)

A new species of Oragua Melichar, 1926 is described and illustrated from the Atlantic rainforest of Rio de Janeiro State, southeastern Brazil, based on specimens collected in Casimiro de Abreu (Oragua casimirensis n. sp.). The new species can be distinguished from the other species of the genus by the following combination of features: dorsum dark brown with dispersed yellow dots and spots; male pygofer with well developed dentiform process, directed inwards, on posterodorsal portion; subgenital plates subtriangular and elongate, expanded basally, not extending as far posteriorly as location of dentiform pygofer processes; aedeagus slender and elongate, with pair of apical processes weakly connected to shaft; paraphyses with rami elongate, slightly asymmetrical, approximately parallel to each other. A key to males of the six Oragua species recorded from southeastern Brazil is provided. We propose a group of species within Oragua (linnavuorii group) based on features of the male genitalia of O. flavolineata Mejdalani, Silva & Takiya, 2016, O. linnavuorii Mejdalani, Silva & Takiya, 2016, and O. casimirensis n. sp.

http://urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:38469659-F0A0-416D-8509-E594EDBA8277     

Description of two new species of the leafhopper subgenus Pediopsoides (Pediopsoides) (Hemiptera,Cicadellidae, Macropsinae) from Guangxi Province,Southern China

Two new species of the Macropsinae leafhopper subgenus Pediopsoides (Pediopsoides) Matsumura, 1912, Pediopsoides (Pediopsoides) damingshanensis Li, Dai & Li, sp. n. and Pediopsoides (Pediopsoides) tishetshkini Li, Dai & Li sp. n., are described and illustrated from Guangxi Province of southern China. A key to males is provided to distinguish the species of the subgenus along with a map showing the distribution of the new species.     

Larval development of Hexapanopeus caribbaeus (Stimpson, 1871) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Xanthoidea, Panopeidae) reared under laboratory conditions

The genus Hexapanopeus Rathbun, 1898 contains eight species,of which three are found in the Brazilian coast. The larvaldevelopment of two of these species has already been studiedin the laboratory. This article describes in detail the morphologyof the complete larval stages of Hexapanopeus caribbaeus rearedunder laboratory conditions, and the morphology is comparedwith that of the larvae of the other species of the same genus.     

A remarkable new species of the sharpshooter genus Egidemia (Insecta, Hemiptera, Cicadellidae, Cicadellinae)

A new species of Egidemia China, 1927, Egidemia impudica, is described and illustrated from the Department of Magdalena (Colombia). The male genitalia of the new species have a very peculiar, diagnostic feature: the pygofer is considerably reduced and truncate posteriorly, so that part of the aedeagus is exposed. A key to males of all known Egidemia species is provided. Notes comparing Egidemia impudica with the other nine known species of the genus are also given.     

Larval stages of Brachynotus atlanticus Forest, 1957 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Grapsidae) reared under laboratory conditions

The complete larval development of the Eastern Atlantic grapsidcrab, Brachynotus atlanticus, was obtained in the laboratory.Five zoeal stages, the megalopa and the first crab stage aredescribed and illustrated. Under laboratory conditions at 23°Cthe first crab appeared on the 25th day. This is the first speciesof the genus for which the complete larval development is known.Larval features are compared with those of other members ofthe subfamily Varuninae.     

Two new leafhopper genera of the Alebroides genus group (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Typhlocybinae) from China,with a key to genera of the group

Two new microleafhopper genera in the Alebroides genus group, Nulliata Lu, Xu & Qin, gen. nov. , based on the type species N. rubrostriata Lu, Xu & Qin, sp. nov. , and Inflatopina Lu, Dietrich & Qin, gen. nov. , based on the type species I. intonsa Lu, Dietrich & Qin, sp. nov. , are described from southwest China. Five known species in the Alebroides sohii species group are transferred to Inflatopina as new combinations. Keys to genera of the Alebroides genus group and species of Inflatopina are given.     

Three new species of the leafhopper genus Tambocerus Zhang & Webb (Hemiptera,Cicadellidae) from southern China

Three new species, Tambocerus dentatus, T. longicaudatus and T. robustispinus spp. n. from southern China, are described and illustrated. A checklist and distribution to the Tambocerus species from China is provided together with a key for their separation.     

The Petrolisthes galathinus complex: species boundaries based on color pattern, morphology and molecules, and evolutionary interrelationships between this complex and other Porcellanidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura)

While the amphi-American porcellanid crab Petrolistes galathinus has been traditionally viewed as a highly variable species containing several different color forms, we consider it to be a complex of at least 6 morphologically similar species with similar ecological requirements, but diagnosable through coloration. Here we surveyed sequence variation of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene, compared the morphology of adults and of the first larval stage (Zoea I), and explored shape variation of the sternal plate using geometric morphometric methods, to investigate boundaries among the species in the complex, and to confirm the validity of color and color pattern for distinguishing them. Sequences and larval morphological characters of other porcellanids were included to investigate the correspondence between genetic divergence and morphology of adults and larvae. The molecular and morphometric results support the validity of the species in the complex, and of color pattern for their distinction. The close relationship between the complex and the putative ancenstral porcellanid Parapetrolisthes tortugensis was indicated by the molecular and larval-morphology results. The adult morphology of this species is interpreted as a result of convergent evolution driven by a relatively rapid ecological adaptation to conditions in deeper waters. The nesting position in the phylogenetic trees of Petrocheles australiensis outside the Porcellanidae clade questions the monophyly of this family.     

Description of a second species of Nannogonalia Young, 1977 (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellini) from the Atlantic Forest of south Brazil

A second species of the poorly known sharpshooter genus Nannogonalia Young, 1977 is described and illustrated from the Atlantic Forest of south Brazil (state of Paraná). Types are deposited in DZUP. Nannogonalia inusitata n. sp. can be distinguished from the type-species (Tettigonia circumcincta Signoret, 1855) mainly by the color pattern and form of the male subgenital plates and female sternite VII. Nannogonalia circumcincta is newly recorded from the state of Paraná. The female genitalia of Nannogonalia are described in detail for the first time, based on the type-species and the new species. We discuss some peculiar features of the first and second ovipositor valvulae of this genus that were previously observed in Versigonalia Young, 1977.     

A remarkable new genus of leafhoppers (Hemiptera,Cicadellidae, Iassinae) from Southeast Asia

Tardrabassus pakneunensis, n. gen. & sp. is described and illustrated. The new genus shows morphological affinities to three leafhopper subfamilies, Tartessinae, Deltocephalinae, and Iassinae, but is tentatively placed in Iassinae based on the position of the ocelli, the reduced lateral frontal sutures, the leg chaetotaxy, and the structure of the male genitalia.