花椒属植物生物碱研究进展

花椒属植物全世界约有250种,我国约有39种14变种。近年来研究发现花椒属植物生物碱具有多种药理作用与临床功能,现就近20年来花椒属生物碱和花椒生物碱的提取、分离、测定方法以及其药理作用等研究作一综述。     

盘二孢属一新种——花椒盘二孢

花椒盘二孢Marssonina zanthoxyla Y.J.Lu et G.L.Li sp.nov.是寄生在芸香科花椒属植物上的一种寄生菌,本文有汉文和拉丁文的形态描述和新种的讨论。     

刺异叶花椒中的生物碱和香豆素类成分

从刺异叶花椒根的木质部中分得６种生物碱,分别为铁屎米－６－酮,乙氧基白屈菜红碱、去甲基白屈苯红碱、白藓碱、勒碱、氧化勒碱,以及３种香豆素类化合物,滨蒿内酯、东莨菪内酯和异东莨菪内酯。利用化学方法和光谱数据证实了它们的结构。这些生物碱和香豆素类成分在广义花椒属的化学分类和应用研究中均具有重要意义。     

采自甘肃白龙江流域中国茶渍属地衣的三个新记录种

在对甘肃白龙江流域的茶渍属(Lecanora)地衣进行调查采集和鉴定的基础上,报道三个中国新记录种:暗灰茶渍(L.cinereofusca H.Magn),暗黄茶渍(L.flavidofusca Mll.Arg.)和颗粒茶渍(L.perplexa Brodo)。对每种给出了详尽的形态、解剖和化学特征描述,并提供了每种的外部形态照片。     

舟山群岛2种中国新记录植物

报道了发现于浙江舟山群岛的2种中国分布新记录植物,分别是芸香科(Rutaceae)的日本花椒[Zanthoxylum piperitum(L.)DC.]和山茱萸科(Cornaceae)的日本四照花(Cornus kousa subsp.kousa F.Buerger ex Hance),并提供了形态描述与图片。凭证标本存于浙江农林大学植物标本馆(ZJFC)。     

甘肃马先蒿属植物的种类与分布

整理了甘肃产马先蒿属植物５３种,７亚种,６变种和１变型。记述了它们的生境与分布。其中,４种、２亚种为甘肃新记录。     

Chemoprotective influence of Zanthoxylum sps. on hepatic carcinogen metabolizing and antioxidant enzymes and skin papillomagenesis in murine model

In the present study, the putative potential of pericarp of dried fruit of Zanthoxylum (Rutaceae Family), a common spice additive in India's west coast cuisines, in protecting against carcinogenesis has been reported. Extract from dried fruit of Zanthoxylum was orally administered to mice at two dose levels: 100 and 200 mg/kg body wt. for 14 days. Results reveal bifunctional nature of Zanthoxylum species as deduced from its potential to induce phase-I and phase-II enzyme activities associated with carcinogen activation and detoxification in the liver of mice. Hepatic glutathione S-transferase and DT-diaphorase were found significantly elevated by the treatment. Zanthoxylum was also effective in augmenting the antioxidant enzyme activities of glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase and catalase albeit significantly by high dose of the extract (P < 0.05; P < 0.01). Reduced glutathione was also significantly elevated in the liver of treated animals (P < 0.05). The present study also investigated peri-initiation application of acetone extract of Zanthoxylum on initiated mouse skin. Results showed a significant reduction in tumor incidence from 68% to 36% (P < 0.05); as well as, a reduction in tumor burden per effective mouse from 3.87 to 0.72 (P < 0.01). Cumulatively, the findings strongly suggest cancer chemopreventive potential of Zanthoxylum sps.