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1.
LBD是植物中所特有的转录因子基因家族,在调控植物侧生组织发育、营养代谢以及响应逆境胁迫等方面具有重要作用。该研究利用生物信息学手段,从全基因组水平筛选和鉴定了蒺藜苜蓿LBD基因家族,并对基因结构、系统进化、进化压力、保守域、染色体定位以及基因表达模式等进行了分析。研究结果共鉴定出2类5亚类共计56个蒺藜苜蓿LBD家族基因,在8条染色体上均有分布,但分布不均匀。该家族成员外显子数目都不超过2个,结构简单,基因间在进化时存在负向选择作用。基因表达模式分析发现,该家族成员的表达具有一定的时空特异性,并受干旱和氮素调控。该研究结果对蒺藜苜蓿LBD基因功能研究及进化分析具有重要的意义。 相似文献
2.
蒺藜苜蓿全基因组中WRKY转录因子的鉴定与分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
WRKY基因家族是植物基因组内一类重要的转录因子, 参与植物许多生理生化过程, 如植物发育、代谢以及生物和非生物胁迫。目前, 已在多种植物中鉴定出WRKY基因家族, 但是关于蒺藜苜蓿(Medicago truncatula L.) WRKY基因家族的系统分析鲜有报道。文章利用生物信息学方法, 从蒺藜苜蓿全基因组中共鉴定出93个WRKY基因, 包括81个标准的WRKY基因(19个Ⅰ型基因, 49个Ⅱ型基因以及13个Ⅲ型基因)和12个非标准类型的WRKY基因。对这些WRKY基因进行了基因重复、染色体定位、基因结构、保守基序和系统进化等方面的分析。蒺藜苜蓿WRKY基因家族中最近共发生了11次基因重复事件, 共涉及24个基因, 占全部WRKY基因的26%。染色体物理定位分析表明, 蒺藜苜蓿WRKY基因在染色体上呈不均匀分布, 存在6个基因簇。对WRKY Ⅲ型基因的进化分析表明, 它们在长期的进化过程中受纯化选择压力。 相似文献
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蒺藜苜蓿(Medicago truncatula G)花器官特异表达基因是参与其花器官形成与发育的重要基因。筛选蒺藜苜蓿的花器官特异表达基因,寻找这类基因在其他模式植物中的直系同源基因,并将其表达模式在不同植物间进行比较,有利于深入的理解这类基因在蒺藜苜蓿花器官发育中的功能。根据蒺藜苜蓿表达谱,并以其PISTILLAZA(PI)基因为模板,文章筛选了97个蒺藜苜蓿花器官特异表达基因(Ratio≥10,且Z≥7.9).通过同源比对,确定了这类基因在拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana L.)、大豆(Glycinemax L.)、百脉根(Lotusjaponicus L.)和水稻(Oryzasativa L.)中的直系同源基因。对这类基因在5种植物中的表达量、表达部位和功能进行比较,发现进化关系较近的植物,直系同源基因的表达变异较小,而进化关系较远的植物,直系同源基因的表达变异较大。进一步对表达分化较大的直系同源基因进行启动子分析,发现不同植物中直系同源基因表达模式的变化与启动子中调控元件的特性有关。 相似文献
4.
蒺藜苜蓿(Medicago truncatula G.)花器官特异表达基因是参与其花器官形成与发育的重要基因。筛选蒺藜苜蓿的花器官特异表达基因, 寻找这类基因在其他模式植物中的直系同源基因, 并将其表达模式在不同植物间进行比较, 有利于深入的理解这类基因在蒺藜苜蓿花器官发育中的功能。根据蒺藜苜蓿表达谱, 并以其PISTILLATA(PI)基因为模板, 文章筛选了97个蒺藜苜蓿花器官特异表达基因(Ratio≥10, 且Z≥7.9)。通过同源比对, 确定了这类基因在拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana L.)、大豆(Glycine max L.)、百脉根(Lotus japonicus L.)和水稻(Oryza sativa L.)中的直系同源基因。对这类基因在5种植物中的表达量、表达部位和功能进行比较, 发现进化关系较近的植物, 直系同源基因的表达变异较小, 而进化关系较远的植物, 直系同源基因的表达变异较大。进一步对表达分化较大的直系同源基因进行启动子分析, 发现不同植物中直系同源基因表达模式的变化与启动子中调控元件的特性有关。 相似文献
5.
以'富平尖柿'(Diospyros kaki L.cv.Fuping Jianshi)为材料,采用RACE方法,首次获得了柿果实多聚半乳糖醛酶(PG)基因的3个全长cDNA(登录号为EU816197、EU816198、EU816199),分别命名为DKPG1、DKPG2、DKPG3.DKPG1全长1 616 bp,DKPG2全长1 654 bp,DKPG3全长1 545 bp.3个基因均含有一个1 326 bp的开放阅读框,共编码441个氨基酸.通过Blast比对发现该基因核苷酸序列与其他植物已报道的PG基因具有74%~78%的相似性;其氨基酸序列与其他植物的相似性为60%~73%.对GenBank同源性搜索获得的其他植物PG基因氨基酸序列进行系统进化分析,发现其与葡萄、猕猴桃、桃的亲缘关系近,与大豆亲缘关系较远. 相似文献
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高粱SBP-box基因家族全基因组鉴定及表达分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN box (SBP-box)基因家族编码一类绿色植物特有的转录因子,其功能涉及作物遗传改良的许多方面,如产量、株型、抗逆性等,具有重要的实际应用价值。本研究通过生物信息学方法从高粱(Sorghum bicolor L.)全基因组中鉴定出18个SBP-box基因,分布于9条染色体上,其中8个基因位于基因组重复区域。系统发育分析表明高粱SBP-box基因家族可分为6个亚家族,其中SbSBP12、SbSBP3和SbSBP15分别与玉米ZmLG1、ZmTGA1和ZmUB2/3直系同源。基于RNA-seq数据的表达分析发现高粱SBP-box基因在花序原基中表达量最高,SbSBP9和SbSBP17为花序原基特异表达基因,SbSBP5、SbSBP8和SbSBP18等基因受外源ABA和PEG胁迫上调表达,表明SBP-box基因可能参与高粱对非生物逆境的响应。本研究为高粱SBP-box家族重要基因的克隆提供了参考,相关基因可作为高粱遗传改良的候选基因。 相似文献
8.
WRKY蛋白是一类在植物生长发育过程及生物与非生物胁迫过程中起重要调控作用的转录因子。该研究利用石榴全基因组数据,采用生物信息学的方法,对石榴WRKY转录因子家族成员蛋白理化性质、系统进化、基因结构、保守基序、顺式作用元件、蛋白互作及基因共表达和转录组表达模式进行系统分析。结果共鉴定出69个PgWRKY基因;分组鉴定和进化分析显示WRKY蛋白可分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ共三大类型。顺式作用元件分析表明,PgWRKY基因广泛参与到非生物胁迫中;蛋白互作网络与共表达分析暗示PgWRKY基因在同一胁迫应答中可能作用一致并同时诱导表达;RNA-Seq数据分析表明,PgWRKY基因有一定的组织表达特异性,广泛参与植物营养、生殖生长以及根部逆境胁迫应答过程。 相似文献
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以加工番茄“87-5”为材料,采用反转录PCR(RT-PCR)技术将加工番茄G基因的cDNA序列克隆到pGEM-T载体上,并进行了全序列测定分析,结果表明,加工番茄的PG基因的cDNA与国内外报道的番茄PG基因的cDNA,在碱基序列及氨基酸序列上均有差异,说明番茄的PG基因具有多态性。 相似文献
11.
AGAMOUS(AG)基因是控制高等植物花发育的重要基因,已在20多种植物基因组中发现同源基因。作为MADS-box家族的一员,AG基因结构具有高度的保守性。AG及其同源基因在植物生长发育中的功能已经十分清晰。本文研究AG同源基因在豆科几个代表物种中的分布,对其基因结构和蛋白序列进行分析比对。结果表明,AG同源基因在不同的豆科物种中具有高度的序列同源性及结构保守性。进一步通过蒺藜苜蓿Medicago truncatula的AG同源基因表达模式分析发现,其表达是与功能相互验证的。 相似文献
12.
L. O. das Neves S. R. L. Duque J. S. de Almeida P. S. Fevereiro 《Plant cell reports》1999,18(5):398-405
Medicago truncatula ssp Narbonensis and four genotypes of M. truncatula Gaertn cv. Jemalong were tested for their somatic embryogenesis potential using a two-step protocol. In the first step, embryogenic
callus was induced in folioles isolated from shoots grown in vitro and cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented
with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and zeatin. In the second step, somatic embryos were allowed to develop from the induced
callus in MS growth-regulator-free medium. Individual somatic embryos were then isolated and transferred again to growth regulator
free medium where they formed secondary somatic embryos in repetitive cycles. Conversion of somatic embryos into plantlets
was achieved by isolating late-torpedo-phase somatic embryos with distinct cotyledons and reculturing them onto MS growth
regulator free medium. The system of repetitive somatic embryogenesis in M. truncatula described here represents a permanent source of embryogenic material that can be used for the genetic modification of this
species.
Received: 7 August 1997 / Revision received: 22 December 1997 / Accepted: 20 January 1998 相似文献
13.
Kai Xiao Jian-Heng Zhang Maria Harrison Zeng-Yu Wang 《植物学报(英文版)》2006,48(1):35-43
14.
(Iso)flavonoids are commonly accumulated as malonylated or acetylated glycoconjugates in legumes. Sequence analysis on EST database of the model legume Medicago truncatula enabled us to identify nine cDNA sequences encoding BAHD super-family enzymes that are distinct from the most of the characterized anthocyanin/flavonol acyltransferase genes in other species. Functional characterization revealed that three of these corresponding enzymes, MtMaT1, 2 and 3, specifically recognize malonyl CoA as an acyl donor and catalyze the malonylation of a range of isoflavone 7- O- glucosides in vitro . These malonyltransferase genes displayed distinct tissue-specific expression patterns and responded differentially to biotic and abiotic stresses. Consistent with gene expression, the level of the accumulated malonyl isoflavone glucoside was altered in the roots of M. truncatula grown under normal and drought-stressed conditions. Overexpression of the MtMaT1 gene in a previously engineered Arabidopsis line that accumulates genistein glycosides ( Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA , 99 , 2002:14578) led to a malonylated product. Confocal microscopy of the transiently expressed MtMaT1–GFP fusion revealed strong fluorescence in both the cytoplasm and nucleus of M. truncatula and tobacco leaf cells. A truncated MtMaT1 lacking the C-terminal polypeptide of 110 amino acid residues that include the DFGWG motif, the single conserved sequence signature of BAHD super-family members, retained considerable catalytic efficiency, but showed an altered optimum pH preference for maximum activity. Such C-terminal polypeptide deletion or deletion of the DFGWG motif alone led to improper folding of the transiently expressed GFP fusion protein in living cells, and impaired nuclear localization of the enzyme. 相似文献
15.
Huyen T T Phan Simon R Ellwood Kedar Adhikari Matthew N Nelson Richard P Oliver 《DNA research》2007,14(2):59-70
We report the first genetic linkage map of white lupin (Lupinus albus L.). An F8 recombinant inbred line population developed from Kiev mutant x P27174 was mapped with 220 amplified fragment length polymorphism and 105 gene-based markers. The genetic map consists of 28 main linkage groups (LGs) that varied in length from 22.7 cM to 246.5 cM and spanned a total length of 2951 cM. There were seven additional pairs and 15 unlinked markers, and 12.8% of markers showed segregation distortion at P < 0.05. Syntenic relationships between Medicago truncatula and L. albus were complex. Forty-five orthologous markers that mapped between M. truncatula and L. albus identified 17 small syntenic blocks, and each M. truncatula chromosome aligned to between one and six syntenic blocks in L. albus. Genetic mapping of three important traits: anthracnose resistance, flowering time, and alkaloid content allowed loci governing these traits to be defined. Two quantitative trait loci (QTLs) with significant effects were identified for anthracnose resistance on LG4 and LG17, and two QTLs were detected for flowering time on the top of LG1 and LG3. Alkaloid content was mapped as a Mendelian trait to LG11. 相似文献
16.
M. Ruszkowski K. Szpotkowski M. Sikorski M. Jaskolski 《Acta Crystallographica. Section D, Structural Biology》2013,69(12):2365-2380
Nodulation is an extraordinary symbiotic interaction between leguminous plants and nitrogen‐fixing bacteria (rhizobia) that assimilate atmospheric nitrogen (in root nodules) and convert it into compounds suitable for the plant host. A class of plant hormones called cytokinins are involved in the nodulation process. In the model legume Medicago truncatula, nodulin 13 (MtN13), which belongs to the pathogenesis‐related proteins of class 10 (PR‐10), is expressed in the outer cortex of the nodules. In general, PR‐10 proteins are small and monomeric and have a characteristic fold with an internal hydrophobic cavity formed between a seven‐stranded antiparallel β‐sheet and a C‐terminal α‐helix. Previously, some PR‐10 proteins not related to nodulation were found to bind cytokinins such as trans‐zeatin. Here, four crystal structures of the MtN13 protein are reported in complexes with several cytokinins, namely trans‐zeatin, N6‐isopentenyladenine, kinetin and N6‐benzyladenine. All four phytohormones are bound in the hydrophobic cavity in the same manner and have excellent definition in the electron‐density maps. The binding of the cytokinins appears to be strong and specific and is reinforced by several hydrogen bonds. Although the binding stoichiometry is 1:1, the complex is actually dimeric, with a cytokinin molecule bound in each subunit. The ligand‐binding site in each cavity is formed with the participation of a loop element from the other subunit, which plugs the only entrance to the cavity. Interestingly, a homodimer of MtN13 is also formed in solution, as confirmed by small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS). 相似文献
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Penmetsa RV Uribe P Anderson J Lichtenzveig J Gish JC Nam YW Engstrom E Xu K Sckisel G Pereira M Baek JM Lopez-Meyer M Long SR Harrison MJ Singh KB Kiss GB Cook DR 《The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology》2008,55(4):580-595
The plant hormone ethylene negatively regulates bacterial infection and nodule formation in legumes in response to symbiotic rhizobia, but the molecular mechanism(s) of ethylene action in symbiosis remain obscure. We have identified and characterized multiple mutant alleles of the MtSkl1 gene, which controls both ethylene sensitivity and nodule numbers. We show that this locus encodes the Medicago truncatula ortholog of the Arabidopsis ethylene signaling protein EIN2. In addition to the well-characterized role of MtSkl1 in rhizobial symbiosis, we show that MtSkl1 is involved in regulating early phases of the symbiotic interaction with mycorrhizal fungi, and in mediating root responses to cytokinin. MtSkl1 also functions in the defense against Rhizoctonia solani and Phytophthora medicaginis , with the latter interaction likely to involve positive feedback amplification of ethylene biosynthesis. Overexpression of the C-terminal domain of MtEIN2 is sufficient to block nodulation responses, consistent with previous reports in Arabidopsis on the activation of ethylene signaling. This same C-terminal region is uniquely conserved throughout the EIN2 homologs of angiosperms, which is consistent with its role as a higher plant-specific innovation essential to EIN2 function. 相似文献
19.
土壤有效磷(P)含量低是限制植物生长的主要因素之一。根形态变化和根系大量分泌以柠檬酸为主的有机酸是植物适应土壤P素缺乏的重要机制。以广泛分布于我国北方的重要豆科牧草黄花苜蓿(Medicago falcata)和豆科模式植物蒺藜苜蓿(M. truncatula)为材料, 采用砂培方法, 研究了低P胁迫对其植株生长、根系形态和柠檬酸分泌的影响, 对比了两种苜蓿适应低P胁迫的不同策略。结果表明: 1)低P处理显著抑制了蒺藜苜蓿与黄花苜蓿的地上部生长, 而对地下部生长影响较小, 从而导致根冠比增加。2)低P胁迫显著降低黄花苜蓿的总根长和侧根长, 而对蒺藜苜蓿的上述根系形态指标没有显著影响。3)低P胁迫促进两种苜蓿根系的柠檬酸分泌, 无论是在正常供P还是低P胁迫条件下, 黄花苜蓿根系分泌柠檬酸量显著高于蒺藜苜蓿根系。上述结果表明, 黄花苜蓿和蒺藜苜蓿对低P胁迫的适应策略不同, 低P胁迫下, 黄花苜蓿主要通过根系大量分泌柠檬酸, 活化根际难溶态P来提高对P的吸收, 而蒺藜苜蓿维持较大的根系是其适应低P胁迫的主要策略。 相似文献
20.
Kevei Z Seres A Kereszt A Kaló P Kiss P Tóth G Endre G Kiss GB 《Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG》2005,274(6):644-657
The increased amount of data produced by large genome sequencing projects allows scientists to carry out important syntenic
studies to a great extent. Detailed genetic maps and entirely or partially sequenced genomes are compared, and macro- and
microsyntenic relations can be determined for different species. In our study, the syntenic relationships between key legume
plants and two model plants, Arabidopsis thaliana and Populus trichocarpa were investigated. The comparison of the map position of 172 gene-based Medicago sativa markers to the organization of homologous A. thaliana genes could not identify any sign of macrosynteny between the two genomes. A 276 kb long section of chromosome 5 of the model
legume Medicago truncatula was used to investigate potential microsynteny with the other legume Lotus japonicus, as well as with Arabidopsis and Populus. Besides the overall correlation found between the legume plants, the comparison revealed several microsyntenic regions in
the two more distant plants with significant resemblance. Despite the large phylogenetic distance, clear microsyntenic regions
between Medicago and Arabidopsis or Populus were detected unraveling new intragenomic evolutionary relations in Arabidopsis.
Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available for this article at and is accessible for authorized users. 相似文献