共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Yang TJ Kwon SJ Choi BS Kim JS Jin M Lim KB Park JY Kim JA Lim MH Kim HI Lee HJ Lim YP Paterson AH Park BS 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2007,114(4):627-636
We have newly identified five Terminal-repeat retrotransposon in miniature (TRIM) families, four from Brassica and one from Arabidopsis. A total of 146 elements, including three Arabidopsis families reported before, are extracted from genomics data of Brassica and Arabidopsis, and these are grouped into eight distinct lineages, Br1 to Br4 derived from Brassica and At1 to At4 derived from Arabidopsis. Based on the occurrence of TRIM elements in 434 Mb of B. oleracea shotgun sequences and 96 Mb of B. rapa BAC end sequences, total number of TRIM members of Br1, Br2, Br3, and Br4 families are roughly estimated to be present in
660 and 530 copies in B. oleracea and B. rapa genomes, respectively. Studies on insertion site polymorphisms of four elements across taxa in the tribe Brassiceae infer the taxonomic lineage and dating of the insertion time. Active roles of the TRIM elements for evolution of the duplicated
genes are inferred in the highly replicated Brassica genome.
Electronic supplementary material Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at and is accessible for authorized users.
Tae-Jin Yang and Soo-Jin Kwon have equally contributed to this work. 相似文献
2.
Glutamine Synthetase Activity, Relative Water Content and Water Potential in Maize Submitted to Drought 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Primer screening and optimization for random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis of cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) was investigated. Among four series (A, B, D and N) of 10-mer primers, A-series performed better amplification of fragments
than other series. The maximum amplification fragments was obtained using OPA-02, OPA-03, OPA-09, OPB-06, OPB-10, OPD-03,
OPD-05 and OPN-03 primers. The primers OPA-02 and OPN-03 produced maximum number of DNA fragments in Anacardium occidentale cv. H-320. Primers (OPB-08 and OPN-05 performed a least number of amplification fragments. RAPD profile also indicate that
some primer did not produce good amplification. The primer OPA-02 amplified 12 number of polymorphic bands in 20 cultivars
of cashew. Only one DNA fragment was produced in A. occidentale cv. Vridhachalam - 2 (M-44/3) by using the primer OPA-02.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
3.
TRIM retrotransposons occur in apple and are polymorphic between varieties but not sports 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Antonius-Klemola K Kalendar R Schulman AH 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2006,112(6):999-1008
Retrotransposon markers have been demonstrated to be powerful tools for investigating linkage, evolution and genetics diversity
in plants. In the present study, we identified and cloned three full-size TRIM (terminal-repeat retrotransposon in miniature)
group retrotransposon elements from apple (Malus domestica) cv. ‘Antonovka’, the first from the Rosaceae. To investigate their utility as markers, we designed primers to match the
long terminal repeats (LTRs) of the apple TRIM sequences. We found that PCR reactions with even a single primer produced multiple
bands, suggesting that the copy number of these TRIM elements is relatively high, and that they may be locally clustered or
nested in the genome. Furthermore, the apple TRIM primers employed in IRAP (inter-retrotransposon amplified polymorphism)
or REMAP (retrotransposon-microsatellite amplified polymorphism) analyses produced unique, reproducible profiles for 12 standard
apple cultivars. On the other hand, all seven of the sport mutations in this study were identical to their mother cultivar.
Genetic similarity values calculated from the IRAP/REMAP analyses or the STMS (sequence tagged microsatellite sites) analysis
were generally comparable. PAUP cluster analysis based on IRAP and REMAP markers in apple and Japanese quince generated an
NJ tree that is in good accordance with both a tree based on SMTS markers and the origin of the studied samples. Our results
demonstrate that, although they do not encode the proteins necessary to carry out a life cycle and are thereby non-autonomous,
TRIMs are at least as polymorphic in their insertion patterns as conventional complete retrotransposons.
Kristiina Antonius-Klemola, Ruslan Kalendar are the first two authors contributed equally to this work 相似文献
4.
5.
Andrew J. Lowe Alexandra E. Jones Alan F. Raybould Martin Trick Carolyn L. Moule Keith J. Edwards 《Molecular ecology resources》2002,2(1):7-11
We present a new set of 12 highly polymorphic simple sequence repeat primer sequences for use with Brassica species. These new primers, and four from A.K.S. SzewcMcFadden and colleagues, were tested in four Brassica species (B. rapa, B. napus, B. oleracea and B. nigra). Most primers successfully amplified products within all species and were polymorphic. Due to the risk of gene flow from GM oilseed rape to its wild relatives, hybrid formation in the Brassicaceae is of great interest. We identify six primer pairs as specific to the A, B or C genomes that could be used to identify such hybrids. 相似文献
6.
Kurt Weising Raymond W. M. Fung D. Jeannette Keeling Ross G. Atkinson Richard C. Gardner 《Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement》1996,2(2):117-131
We have identified a set of informative microsatellite markers for genome analysis in kiwifruit and related Actinidia species. A small-insert genomic library was constructed from Actinidia chinensis DNA, and screened for microsatellites. About 1.2% of the total colonies hybridised to a (GA)8 probe, 0.4% to (GT)8, and 0.1% to a mixture of three different trinucleotide repeat probes, (CAA)5, (GAA)5 and (CTA)5. From the DNA sequences of 35 hybridising clones, 18 primer pairs were designed, and used to amplify genomic DNA from 38 individual plants, representing 30 different accessions of ten Actinidia species. The banding patterns for most of the dinucleotide repeats showed a high degree of polymorphism in the diploid and tetraploid A. chinensis, and in the hexaploid A. deliciosa (kiwifruit). Heterozygosity levels of up to 100% were found among eight diploid accessions of A. chinensis examined, and the number of different-sized bands among all the species varied from 3 to 36 for each microsatellite. One simple CT microsatellite gave 21 bands with sizes suggesting that the number of repeats ranged from 9 to 37. The highest number of bands (36) and the largest size variation (>100 bp) were observed with a complex microsatellite harbouring four different repeat motifs. The majority of primer pairs amplified bands from most of the ten Actinidia species tested. The most polymorphic primer pairs were used successfully to fingerprint a range of closely related varieties of kiwifruit (A. deliciosa).Abbreviations PCR
polymerase chain reaction
- RFLP
restriction fragment length polymorphism
- VNTR
variable number of tandem repeats 相似文献
7.
Tribulus terrestris is well known for its medicinal importance in curing urino-genital disorders. Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP),
selective amplification of microsatellite polymorphic loci (SAMPL), inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) and randomly amplified
polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used for the first time for the detection of genetic polymorphism in this medicinal herb
from samples collected from various geographical regions of India. Six assays each of AFLP and SAMPL markers and 21 each of
ISSR and RAPD markers were utilized. AFLP yielded 500 scorable amplified products, of which 82.9% were polymorphic. SAMPL
primers amplified 488 bands, 462 being polymorphic (94.7%). The range of amplified bands was 66 [(TC)8G + M-CAG] to 98 [(CA)6AG + M-CAC] and the percentage polymorphism, 89.9 [from (CT)4C (AC)4A + M-CTG] to 100 [from (GACA)4 + M-CTA]. The ISSR primers amplified 239 bands of 0.4–2.5 kb, 73.6% showed polymorphism. The amplified products ranged from
5 to 16 and the percentage polymorphism 40–100. RAPD assays produced 276 bands, of which 163 were polymorphic (59%). Mantel
test employed for detection of goodness of fit established cophenetic correlation values above 0.9 for all the four marker
systems. The dendrograms and PCA plots derived from the binary data matrices of the four marker systems are highly concordant.
High bootstrap values were obtained at major nodes of phenograms through WINBOOT software. The relative efficiency of the
four molecular marker systems calculated on the basis of multiplex ratio, marker index and average heterozygosity revealed
SAMPL to be the best. Distinct DNA fingerprinting profile, unique to every geographical region could be obtained with all
the four molecular marker systems. Clustering can be a good indicator for clear separation of genotypes from different regions
in well-defined groups that are supported by high bootstrap values. 相似文献
8.
Identification of molecular markers in soybean comparing RFLP,RAPD and AFLP DNA mapping techniques 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
Jhy-Jhu Lin Jonathan Kuo Jin Ma James A. Saunders Hunter S. Beard Margaret H. MacDonald William Kenworthy George N. Ude Benjamin F. Matthews 《Plant Molecular Biology Reporter》1996,14(2):156-169
Three different DNA mapping techniques—RFLP, RAPD and AFLP—were used on identical soybean germplasm to compare their ability
to identify markers in the development of a genetic linkage map. Polymorphisms present in fourteen different soybean cultivars
were demonstrated using all three techniques. AFLP, a novel PCR-based technique, was able to identify multiple polymorphic
bands in a denaturing gel using 60 of 64 primer pairs tested. AFLP relies on primers designed in part on sequences for endonuclease
restriction sites and on three selective nucleotides. The 60 diagnostic primer pairs tested for AFLP analysis each distinguished
on average six polymorphic bands. Using specific primers designed for soybean fromEco RI andMse I restriction site sequences and three selective nucleotides, as many as 12 polymorphic bands per primer could be obtained
with AFLP techniques. Only 35% of the RAPD reactions identified a polymorphic band using the same soybean cultivars, and in
those positive reactions, typically only one or two polymorphic bands per gel were found. Identification of polymorphic bands
using RFLP techniques was the most cumbersome, because Southern blotting and probe hybridization were required. Over 50% of
the soybean RFLP probes examined failed to distinguish even a single polymorphic band, and the RFLP probes that did distinguish
polymorphic bands seldom identified more than one polymorphic band. We conclude that, among the three techniques tested, AFLP
is the most useful. 相似文献
9.
W. J. Phillips C. G. D. Chapman P. L. Jack 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1994,88(6-7):845-851
Simple sequence repeat oligonucleotides were used to probe the tomato genome for elements displaying variability amongst commercial cultivars. The oligonucleotide (GACA)4 was found to be particularly informative on genotype screening blots, hybridising to a highly polymorphic family of elements, and was used to clone one such member from a lambda library. The GACA-hybridisation was localised to a 1.3-kbHinfI fragment within the original 15-kb lambda insert. This 1,349-bp subclone (pT-GACA-2:1.3) was used to probe 27 Californian processing varieties and found to be capable of distinguishing all from each other, thus demonstrating its utility as a genetic fingerprinting probe for cultivar identification. Hybridisation occurred to approximately 10 major high molecular weight (> 4-kb) bands, most of which segregated independently in F2 populations, as well as a large number of less clearly resolvable smaller fragments. Sequence analysis of the cloned element reveals that it is almost entirely composed of GACA or GATA repeats. These tetranucleotides are organised into distinct repetitive domains, consisting either of tandem arrays of each tetranucleotide or interspersions of GACA and GATA to form dodecanucleotides that are then further repeated. The boundaries between domains contain sufficient departures from the concensus repeat to allow construction of unique polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers. Amplification from two such contiguous regions identifies length variation in both, thus yielding a genotype screen appropriate for high-throughput applications, such as assessment of purity in F1 hybrid seed lots. 相似文献
10.
Changes in AFLP and SSR DNA polymorphisms induced by short-term space flight of rice seeds 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
J. Y. Lu W. L. Zhang H. Xue Y. Pan C. H. Zhang X. H. He M. Liu 《Biologia Plantarum》2010,54(1):112-116
Differences of both amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) polymorphisms were compared
between the 60-d-old rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. DH7) and F3 rice plants (SP3) derived from seed, which endured a 7-d-space flight in March 2002. Total leaf AFLP DNA
bands amplified from 22 primer pairs were 537 in DH7, whereas 562 in SP3. From the total 267 SSR DNA bands generated by 267
primer pairs, 39 were polymorphic with 22 larger (56 %) or 17 smaller (44 %) fragment size bands. The greatest numbers of
AFLP DNA bands were amplified by primer E1M1 in DH7 (33) and E3M1 in SP3 (35), whilst the least by E4M3 in DH7 (14) and E5M2
in SP3 (16). 相似文献
11.
Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis was used to examine genetic differences in Agaricus blazei cultivated strains and their single-spore isolates (SSIs). AFLP analysis with five primer combinations identified a total
of 267 AFLP bands from nine cultivated strains (one from Brazil and eight from Japan), of which 165 were polymorphic between
the nine strains. An AFLP data dendrogram grouped the eight Japanese strains, with the Brazilian strain acting as an outlier,
suggesting that the Brazilian and Japanese strains are genetically quite different. Twelve SSIs derived from each of four
cultivated strains were subjected to AFLP analysis. All the AFLP bands detected in the cultivated strains were also found
in at least one SSI, but some unique bands were detected in SSIs. The total number of AFLP bands from individual SSIs was
clearly less than those from their parental strains, and many of polymorphic AFLP bands from the parental strains segregated
in SSIs at a ratio of 1 : 1, suggesting that the SSIs are homokaryotic. Distance values based on presence or absence of individual
AFLP bands among SSIs from different strains were clearly higher than those among SSIs from a single strain. In addition,
AFLP analysis was shown to be useful in confirming hybrid formation in crosses between SSIs. 相似文献
12.
Microsatellite markers were developed for conservation genetic studies of Lindera melissifolia (pondberry), a federally endangered shrub of southern bottomland ecosystems. Microsatellite sequences were obtained from DNA libraries that were enriched for the (AC)n simple sequence repeat motif. From 35 clone sequences, 20 primer pairs were designed and evaluated. Eleven primer pairs amplified polymorphic marker loci in pondberry while two did so in Lindera benzoin (spicebush). In 46 samples from a single pondberry site the number of microsatellite alleles ranged from two to 11 per locus with observed heterozygosity values of 0.07–0.91. 相似文献
13.
应用SRAP分子标记方法对冬枣×宁梨巨枣的子代进行了分子鉴定及遗传多样性分析。采用构建基因池的方法对SRAP分子标记引物进行筛选,从88对引物中筛选出15对多态性好、主带清晰的引物,并对子代进行了真实性鉴定及多态性分析。结果表明:(1)15对引物共产生95个多态性条带,平均每对引物产生6.3个多态性条带,显示了较高的多态性比率。(2)80个子代中44个具有父本特征带,鉴定为真杂种。子代遗传多样性及UPGMA聚类分析表明,子代个体与亲本间的遗传相似系数在0.55~0.98之间,个体差异明显。该研究结果为枣树杂交育种提供了重要的分子证据。 相似文献
14.
Sabot F Guyot R Wicker T Chantret N Laubin B Chalhoub B Leroy P Sourdille P Bernard M 《Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG》2005,274(2):119-130
Triticeae species (including wheat, barley and rye) have huge and complex genomes due to polyploidization and a high content
of transposable elements (TEs). TEs are known to play a major role in the structure and evolutionary dynamics of Triticeae
genomes. During the last 5 years, substantial stretches of contiguous genomic sequence from various species of Triticeae have
been generated, making it necessary to update and standardize TE annotations and nomenclature. In this study we propose standard
procedures for these tasks, based on structure, nucleic acid and protein sequence homologies. We report statistical analyses
of TE composition and distribution in large blocks of genomic sequences from wheat and barley. Altogether, 3.8 Mb of wheat
sequence available in the databases was analyzed or re-analyzed, and compared with 1.3 Mb of re-annotated genomic sequences
from barley. The wheat sequences were relatively gene-rich (one gene per 23.9 kb), although wheat gene-derived sequences represented
only 7.8% (159 elements) of the total, while the remainder mainly comprised coding sequences found in TEs (54.7%, 751 elements).
Class I elements [mainly long terminal repeat (LTR) retrotransposons] accounted for the major proportion of TEs, in terms
of sequence length as well as element number (83.6% and 498, respectively). In addition, we show that the gene-rich sequences
of wheat genome A seem to have a higher TE content than those of genomes B and D, or of barley gene-rich sequences. Moreover,
among the various TE groups, MITEs were most often associated with genes: 43.1% of MITEs fell into this category. Finally, the TRIM and copia elements were shown to be the most active TEs in the wheat genome. The implications of these results for the evolution of
diploid and polyploid wheat species are discussed.
Electronic Supplementary Material Supplementary material is available for this article at 相似文献
15.
Qualitative and quantitative characterization of RAPD variation among snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) genotypes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
P. W. Skroch J. Nienhuis 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1995,91(6-7):1078-1085
Ten snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) genotypes were screened for polymorphism with 400 RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) primers. Polymorphic RAPDs were scored and classified into three categories based on ethidium bromide staining intensity. An average of 5.19 RAPD bands were scored per primer for the 364 primers that gave scorable amplification products. An average of 2.15 polymorphic RAPDs were detected per primer. The results show that primer screening may reduce the number of RAPD reactions required for the analysis of genetic relationships among snap-bean genotypes by over 60%. Based on the analysis of the distribution of RAPD amplification, the same number of polymorphic RAPDs were amplified from different genotypes for all RAPD band intensity levels. A comparison of RAPD band amplification frequency among genotypes for the three categories of bands classified by amplification strength revealed a measurable difference in the frequencies of RAPDs classified as faint (weakly amplifying) compared to RAPD bands classified as bold (strongly amplifying) indicating a possible scoring error due to the underscoring of faint bands. Correlation analysis showed that RAPD bands amplified by the same primer are not more closely correlated then RAPD bands amplified by different primers but are more highly correlated then expected by chance. Pairwise comparisons of RAPD bands indicate that the distribution of RAPD amplification among genotypes will be a useful criterion for establishing RAPD band identity. For the average pairwise comparison of genotypes, 50% of primers tested and 15.8% of all scored RAPDs detected polymorphism. Based on RAPD data Nei's average gene diversity at a locus was 0.158 based on all scorable RAPD bands and 0.388 if only polymorphic RAPD loci were considered. RAPD-derived 1 relationships among genotypes are reported for the ten genotypes included in this study. The data presented here demonstrate that many informative, polymorphic RAPDs can be found among snap bean cultivars. These RAPDs may be useful for the unique identification of bean varieties, the organization of bean germplasm, and applications of molecular markers to bean breeding. 相似文献
16.
Establishment of AFLP technique and assessment of primer combinations for mei flower 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Chaodong Yang Junwei Zhang Qiang Xu Caifeng Xiong Manzhu Bao 《Plant Molecular Biology Reporter》2005,23(1):79-80
Mei flower is one of the most famous ornamental flowers in eastern Asia for its blossoming in early spring. Amplified fragment
length polymorphism (AFLP) is one of the most frequently used techniques for analysis of genetic variation and is used herein
for the first time inPrunus mume. This research provides a detailed and modified AFLP protocol for Mei genomic DNA digested withEcoRI/PstI restriction endonuclease combinations. The 10 best primer pairs of high polymorphism were screened from 256 primer combinations
that could reliably and repetitively distinguish 14 Mei samples and would be suitable for genetic analysis of more cultivars.
Ten primer pairs produced up to a total of 524 AFLP bands and up to 233 polymorphic bands. The ratio of polymorphic bands
scoped from 35.71% to 59.67%, and the average ratio was 44.46% in the 10 primers. AFLP is an effective, inexpensive, and timesaving
technique for the genetic differentiation of the Mei cultivars, as evidenced in this study. 相似文献
17.
The role of random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers in detecting intra-clonal genetic variability in vegetatively propagated UPASI-9 clone of tea (Camellia sinensis) was studied. Twenty five decamer primers were used, of which three did not amplify, three gave single bands and the rest of nineteen primers generated upto twelve bands (an average of 6.3 bands per primer). Twenty one primers exhibiting amplified products gave monomorphic banding patterns. Only one primer (OPE-17) gave a unique extra band of similar size in four plants. 相似文献
18.
The development of oat microsatellite markers and their use in identifying relationships among Avena species and oat cultivars 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
C. D. Li B. G. Rossnagel G. J. Scoles 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2000,101(8):1259-1268
Microsatellites have many desirable marker properties. There has been no report of the development and utilization of microsatellite
markers in oat. The objectives of the present study were to construct oat microsatellite-enriched libraries, to isolate microsatellite
sequences and evaluate their level of polymorphism in Avena species and oat cultivars. One hundred clones were isolated and sequenced from three oat microsatellite-libraries enriched
for either (AC/TG)
n
, (AG/TC)
n
or (AAG/TTC)
n
repeats. Seventy eight clones contained microsatellites. A database search showed that 42% of the microsatellite flanking
sequences shared significant homology with various repetitive elements. Alu and retrotransposon sequences were the two largest
groups associated with the microsatellites. Forty four primer sets were used to amplify the DNA from 12 Avena species and 20 Avena sativa cultivars. Sixty two percent of the primers revealed polymorphism among the Avena species, but only 36% among the cultivars. In the cultivars, the microsatellites associated with repetitive elements were
less polymorphic than those not associated with repetitive elements. Only 25% of the microsatellites associated with repetitive
elements were polymorphic, while 46% of the microsatellites not associated with repetitive elements showed polymorphism in
the cultivars. An average of four alleles with a polymorphism information content (PIC) of 0.57 per primer set was detected
among the Avena species, and 3.8 alleles with a PIC of 0.55 among the cultivars. In addition, 54 barley microsatellite primers were tested
in Avena species and 26% of the primers amplified microsatellites from oat. Using microsatellite polymorphisms, dendrograms were constructed
showing phylogenetic relationships among Avena species and genetic relationships among oat cultivars.
Received: 1 November 1999 / Accepted: 14 April 2000 相似文献
19.
Sa Peng Na Feng Meili Guo Yuehua Chen Qinghua Guo 《Biochemical Systematics and Ecology》2008,36(7):531-538
Genetic diversity of 23 populations of Carthamus tinctorius L. and two populations of Carthamus lanatus L. in China was investigated using Sequence-related Amplified Polymorphism (SRAP). All populations could be uniquely distinguished by 30 primer combinations with 483 bands and 274 polymorphic bands which generated 57% of polymorphic ratio. Unweighed pair-group method of with arithmetical averages (UPGMA) cluster analysis enabled construction of a dendrogram for estimating genetic distances among different populations. The extreme variation was observed when No. 4 cultivated and No. 13 wild population of C. lanatus were grouped at GS = 0.58, and separated from 23 populations of C. tinctorius at GS = 0.10. The result suggested that the cultivated and wild populations of C. lanatus had close relationship with each other and far relationship with C. tinctorius. Dendrogram also revealed a large genetic variation in 23 C. tinctorius populations; different primer combinations allowed them distinctly distinguished one from others with relatively low genetic similarity. Furthermore, five typical representative fragments in C. lanatus were obtained by four most informative primer combinations, which provided a possibility to distinguish C. lanatus from the C. tinctorius evidently. 相似文献
20.
Characterization and mapping of NBS-LRR resistance gene analogs in apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Soriano JM Vilanova S Romero C Llácer G Badenes ML 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》2005,110(5):980-989
Genomic DNA sequences sharing homology with the NBS-LRR (nucleotide binding site-leucine-rich repeat) resistance genes were isolated and cloned from apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) using a PCR approach with degenerate primers designed from conserved regions of the NBS domain. Restriction digestion and sequence analyses of the amplified fragments led to the identification of 43 unique amino acid sequences grouped into six families of resistance gene analogs (RGAs). All of the RGAs identified belong to the Toll-Interleukin receptor (TIR) group of the plant disease resistance genes (R-genes). RGA-specific primers based on non-conserved regions of the NBS domain were developed from the consensus sequences of each RGA family. These primers were used to develop amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP)-RGA markers by means of an AFLP-modified procedure where one standard primer is substituted by an RGA-specific primer. Using this method, 27 polymorphic markers, six of which shared homology with the TIR class of the NBS-LRR R-genes, were obtained from 17 different primer combinations. Of these 27 markers, 16 mapped in an apricot genetic map previously constructed from the self-pollination of the cultivar Lito. The development of AFLP-RGA markers may prove to be useful for marker-assisted selection and map-based cloning of R-genes in apricot. 相似文献