共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Chanteau S Ratsitorahina M Rahalison L Rasoamanana B Chan F Boisier P Rabeson D Roux J 《Microbes and infection / Institut Pasteur》2000,2(1):25-31
From 1996 to 1998, 5,965 patients with suspected plague were identified in 38 districts of Madagascar (40% of the total population are exposed). Using standard bacteriology, 917 of them were confirmed or presumptive (C + P) cases. However, more than 2,000 plague cases could be estimated using F1 antigen assay. Two out of the 711 Yersinia pestis isolates tested were resistant to chloramphenicol and to ampicillin (both isolates found in the harbour of Mahajanga). Urban plague (Mahajanga harbour and Antananarivo city) accounted for 37.4% of the C + P cases. Bubonic plague represented 97.2% of the cases, and the lethality rate was still high (20%). In comparing the exposed population, plague was more prevalent in males (M:F sex ratio 1.3:1) and patients under 20 years (2.7% babies under two years). Buboes were mainly localised in the inguinal/femoral regions (55.8%). The epidemiological risk factors are discussed. 相似文献
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We present the first epidemiological data on the 2002 outbreak of phocine distemper virus (PDV) in European harbour seals (Phoca vitulina). The epizootic curve to date supports a mortality rate and probability of infection identical to that of the 1988 outbreak, which killed 58% of the population. Thus immunity is playing no significant role in the dynamics of the current outbreak. Because the timing of the outbreak is important in determining local mortality rates, we predict higher mortality rates on the European continent than in Great Britain or Ireland. A stochastic model is used to quantify how recurrent epizootics affect the long‐term growth, fluctuation, and persistence of the population. Recurrent PDV epizootics with the observed frequency and severity would reduce the long‐term stochastic growth rate of the harbour seal population by half, and significantly increase the risk of quasi‐extinction. 相似文献
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E D Samokhodkina I V Ryzhko A I Shcherbaniuk I V Kasatkina R I Tsuraeva T A Zhigalova 《Antibiotiki i khimioterapii͡a》1992,37(11):26-28
A comparative study was performed on the efficacy of doxycycline in experimental plague infection induced in albino mice by strain 231 of the plague microbe and its variant 231 Fra- deprived of the ability to produce the fraction I antigen. It was shown that the LD50 for strain 231 during animal treatment with doxycycline was significantly higher than that for variant 231 Fra-. Prophylaxis of the plague infection caused by the Fra- forms of the plague microbe required significantly higher doses of doxycycline (ED50) than that of the infection caused by the Fra+ forms. The use of the daily maximum permissible doses of doxycycline (50 to 100 mg/kg a day) for 10 days in treatment of albino mice infected with the strain Fra- did not provide animal survival at the level higher than 60 to 70 per cent while the survival rate in the animals infected with the strain Fra+ of the plague microbe and treated according to the same scheme amounted to 90-100 per cent. The lower therapeutic efficacy of doxycycline in the treatment of the infection caused by the fractionless variant of the plague microbe should be considered in development of rational schemes for prophylaxis and treatment of plague. 相似文献
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JAKOBKIEWICZ J 《Polski tygodnik lekarski (Warsaw, Poland : 1960)》1951,6(20):682-6 contd
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Carniel E 《Comptes rendus biologies》2002,325(8):851-3; discussion 879-83
The plague has been one of the most devastating diseases of human history. Despite major advances in diagnosis, prevention, and treatment, it has not been possible to eradicate this infection. Plague is still active in Africa, in Asia and in the Americas, and is classified as a currently re-emerging disease. The plague is mainly a disease of rodents, which is transmitted by fleabites. Humans develop two main clinical forms: bubonic plague (following bites of infected fleas, lethal in 50-70% of the cases in less than a week if an appropriate treatment is not started rapidly), and pneumonic plague (after inhalation of infected droplets, lethal in less than three days in 100% of cases without immediate treatment). Y. pestis, the causative agent of plague, is usually sensitive to most antibiotics, but the first multi-resistant strain was recently described. No efficient and safe vaccines are currently available. The plague bacillus is one of the few organisms that could be used for biological warfare. 相似文献
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鼠疫是由鼠疫耶尔森菌(Yersinia pestis,Y. pestis)感染引起的一种人畜共患病。鼠疫在世界范围内出现过3次大流行,均引起致命的瘟疫。由于自然疫源面积不断扩大和人口流动愈加频繁,我国的鼠疫防治形势依旧严峻。本文就鼠疫耶尔森菌的毒力因子、对宿主细胞的黏附和侵袭、胞内繁殖、宿主内播散等机制的研究进展进行总结,有助于揭示鼠疫独特的致病和传播机制,为精准防治鼠疫提供工作基础。 相似文献
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B N Mishan'kin L A Shevchenko 《Zhurnal mikrobiologii, epidemiologii, i immunobiologii》1990,(1):17-19
The phenomenon of the reversible phosphorylation of proteins has been discovered in Y. pestis cells. Eight proteins with a molecular weight of 30-80 kilodaltons have been found capable of phosphorylation. The intensity of phosphorylation has been found to be influenced by the temperature of cultivation and the composition of the incubation medium. This newly found phenomenon of the chemical modification of proteins is supposed to play a certain role in the organization of rapid responses of the cell to changes in the environment. 相似文献
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