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1.
Biodegradation of deltamethrin and its hydrolysis product 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde by a newly isolated Streptomyces aureus strain HP-S-01 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A newly isolated actinomycete strain HP-S-01 from activated sludge could effectively degrade deltamethrin and its major hydrolysis
product 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde. Based on the morphological, cultural, physio-biochemical characteristics, and 16S rDNA sequence
analysis, strain HP-S-01 was identified as Streptomyces aureus. Strain HP-S-01 was also found highly efficient in degrading cyfluthrin, bifenthrin, fenvalerate, fenpropathrin, permethrin,
and cypermethrin. Strain HP-S-01 rapidly degraded deltamethrin without a lag phase over a wide range of temperature (18~38°C)
and pH (5~10), and metabolized to produce α-hydroxy-3-phenoxy-benzeneacetonitrile and 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde by hydrolysis
of the carboxylester linkage. The 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde was further oxidized to form 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzophenone resulting
in its detoxification. No persistent accumulative product was detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis.
Response surface methodology was used to optimize degradation conditions. Strain HP-S-01 completely removed 50~300 mg L−1 deltamethrin within 7 days under the optimal degradation conditions. Furthermore, the biodegradation kinetics corresponded
with the first-order model. Therefore, strain HP-S-01 is suitable for the efficient and rapid bioremediation of pyrethroid-contaminated
environment. 相似文献
2.
Using laboratory and field experiments, the ability of Streptomyces aureus HP-S-01 to eliminate β-cypermethrin (β-CP) and its metabolite 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde (3-PBA) in soils was investigated. In
the laboratory, 80.5% and 73.1% of the initial dose of β-CP and 3-PBA (50 mg kg−1) was removed in sterilized soils within 10 days, respectively, while in the same period, disappearance rate of β-CP and 3-PBA
in non-sterilized soils was higher and reached 87.8% and 79.3%, respectively. Furthermore, the disappearance process followed
the first-order kinetics and the half-life (T
1/2) for β-CP and 3-PBA reduced by 20.3–52.9 and 133.7–186.8 days, respectively, as compared to the controls. The addition of
sucrose to the soils enhanced the ability of strain HP-S-01 to eliminate β-CP and 3-PBA. Similar results were observed in
the field experiments. The introduced strain HP-S-01 quickly adapted to the environment and rapidly removed β-CP and 3-PBA
without any lag phases in the field experiments. Compared with the controls, 47.9% and 67.0% of applied dose of β-CP and 3-PBA
was removed from the soils without extra carbon sources and 52.5% and 73.3% of β-CP and 3-PBA was eliminated in soils supplemented
with sucrose within 10 days, respectively. Analysis of β-CP degradation products in soil indicated that the tested strain
transform β-CP to 3-PBA and α-hydroxy-3-phenoxy-benzeneacetonitrile. However, both intermediates were transient and they disappeared
after 10 days. Therefore, the selected actinomyces strain HP-S-01 is suitable for the efficient and rapid bioremediation of
β-CP contaminated soils. 相似文献
3.
A bacterial strain able to degrade dichloromethane (DCM) as the sole carbon source was isolated from a wastewater treatment
plant receiving domestic and pharmaceutical effluent. 16S rDNA studies revealed the strain to be a Xanthobacter sp. (strain TM1). The new isolated strain when grown aerobically on DCM showed Luong type growth kinetics, with μmax of 0.094 h−1 and S
m of 1,435 mg l−1. Strain TM1 was able to degrade other aromatic and aliphatic halogenated compounds, such as halobenzoates, 2-chloroethanol
and dichloroethane. The gene for DCM dehalogenase, which is the key enzyme in DCM degradation, was amplified through PCR reactions.
Strain TM1 contains type A DCM dehalogenase (dcmAa), while no product could be obtained for type B dehalogense (dcmAb). The sequence was compared against 12 dcmAa from other DCM degrading strains and 98% or 99% similarity was observed with all other previously isolated DCM dehalogenase
genes. This is the first time a Xanthobacter sp. is reported to degrade DCM. 相似文献
4.
SW Ali FB Yu LT Li XH Li LF Gu JD Jiang SP Li 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2012,28(1):39-45
Burkholderia sp. GB-01 strain was used to study different factors affecting its growth for inoculum production and then evaluated for
abamectin degradation in soil for optimization under various conditions. The efficiency of abamectin degradation in soil by
strain GB-01 was seen to be dependent on soil pH, temperature, initial abamectin concentration, and inoculum size along with
inoculation frequency. Induction studies showed that abamectin depletion was faster when degrading cells were induced by pre-exposure
to abamectin. Experiments performed with varying concentrations (2–160 mg Kg−1) of abamectin-spiked soils showed that strain GB-01 could effectively degrade abamectin over the range of 2–40 mg Kg−1. The doses used were higher than the recommended dose for an agricultural application of abamectin, taking in account the
over-use or spill situations. A cell density of approximately 108 viable cells g−1 dry weight of soil was found to be suitable for bioremediation over a temperature range of 30–35°C and soil pH 7.5–8.5. This
is the first report on bacterial degradation of abamectin in soil by a Burkholderia species, and our results indicated that this bacterium may be useful for efficient removal of abamectin from contaminated
soils. 相似文献
5.
Buprofezin is a widely used insecticide that has caused environmental pollution in many areas. However, biodegradation of
buprofezin by pure cultures has not been extensively studied, and the transformation pathway of buprofezin remains unclear.
In this paper, a buprofezin co-metabolizing strain of DFS35-4 was isolated from a buprofezin-polluted soil in China. Strain
DFS35-4 was preliminarily identified as Pseudomonas sp. based on its morphological, physiological, and biochemical properties, as well as 16S rRNA gene analysis. In the presence
of 2.0 g l−1 sodium citrate, strain DFS35-4 degraded over 70% of 50 mg l−1 buprofezin in 3 days. Strain DFS35-4 efficiently degraded buprofezin in the pH range of 5.0–10.0 and at temperatures between
20 and 30°C. Three metabolites, 2-imino-5-phenyl-3-(propan-2-yl)-1,3,5-thiadiazinan-4-one, 2-imino-5-phenyl-1,3,5-thiadiazinan-4-one,
and methyl(phenyl) carbamic acid, were identified during the degradation of buprofezin using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
(GC–MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). A partial transformation pathway of buprofezin in Pseudomonas sp. DFS35-4 was proposed based on these metabolites. 相似文献
6.
We report here the degradation of a pesticide, malathion, by Brevibacillus sp. strain KB2 and Bacillus cereus strain PU, isolated from soil samples collected from malathion contaminated field and an army firing range respectively.
Both the strains were cultured in the presence of malathion under aerobic and energy-limiting conditions. Both strains grew
well in the medium having malathion concentration up to 0.15%. Reverse phase HPLC–UV analysis indicated that Strain KB2 was
able to degrade 72.20% of malaoxon (an analogue of malathion) and 36.22% of malathion, while strain PU degraded 87.40% of
malaoxon and 49.31% of malathion, after 7 days of incubation. The metabolites mal-monocarboxylic acid and mal-dicarboxylic
acid were identified by Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The factors affecting biodegradation efficiency were investigated
and effect of malathion concentration on degradation rate was also determined. The strain was analyzed for carboxylesterase
activity and maximum activity 210 ± 2.5 U ml−1 and 270 U ± 2.7 ml−1 was observed for strains KB2 and PU, respectively. Cloning and sequencing of putative malathion degrading carboxylesterase
gene was done using primers based PCR approach. 相似文献
7.
Hydrolytic Dechlorination of Chlorothalonil by Ochrobactrum sp. CTN-11 Isolated from a Chlorothalonil-Contaminated Soil 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Bin Liang Rong Li Dong Jiang Jiquan Sun Jiguo Qiu Yanfu Zhao Shunpeng Li Jiandong Jiang 《Current microbiology》2010,61(3):226-233
A bacterial strain, designated as CTN-11, capable of degrading chlorothalonil (CTN), was isolated from a chlorothalonil-contaminated
soil in China. Based on the morphological, biochemical characteristics and comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA genes, strain
CTN-11 was identified as Ochrobactrum sp. Strain CTN-11 could degrade 50 mg l−1 CTN to a non-detectable level within 48 h, and efficiently degrade CTN in a relatively broad range of temperatures from 20
to 40°C and initial pH values from 6.0 to 9.0. The new isolate differed from those previously reported CTN co-metabolic degraders
by transforming CTN in the absence of other carbon sources. A glutathione S-transferase (GST) coding gene, which showed 88%
sequence similarity with that from Ochrobactrum anthropi SH35B, was cloned from strain CTN-11. However, the gene was not functionally expressed in the presence of glutathione, indicating
that CTN was not reductively dechlorinated by thiolytic substitution catalyzed by GST in strain CTN-11. The metabolite hydroxyl-trichloroisophthalonitrile
(CTN-OH) produced during CTN anaerobic degradation was identified based on tandem MS/MS, confirming that hydrolytic dechlorination
was involved in the CTN degradation. The removal of CTN by strain CTN-11 in sterile and non-sterile soils was also studied.
In both soil samples, 50 mg kg−1 CTN could be degraded to an undetectable level within 3 days. This study highlights an important potential use of strain
CTN-11 for the cleanup of CTN-contaminated sites and presents a hydrolytic dechlorination reaction of CTN by a pure culture. 相似文献
8.
Biodegradation of diesel oil and production of fatty acid esters by a newly isolated Pseudomonas citronellolis KHA 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The ability of a newly isolated Pseudomonas citronellolis KHA to degrade diesel oil and to synthesize fatty acid esters has been screened in aerobic batch cultures. The microorganism
was able to grow with diesel oil at initial concentrations up to 126 g/l, with optimal growth at 25 g/l. Strain KHA has produced
compounds showing strong emulsifying properties (E24 = 75% at the end of the exponential growth phase). The crude extract reduces the surface tension of water from 72 mN m−1 down to 35 mN m−1 with a corresponding minimal concentration value of 60 mg/l. GC and GC–MS analysis of crude product show that the major components
are those of hexadecanoic acid propyl ester and octadecanoic acid propyl ester, which have potential for applications in cosmetics,
pharmaceutical and foods industries. In addition, strain KHA represents a valuable source of compounds with surface-active
properties and potential for the application in clean up of the sites contaminated with hydrocarbons. 相似文献
9.
AE Abo-Amer 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2012,28(3):805-814
Bacteria capable of degrading the pesticide, cadusafos, were isolated from agricultural soil using an enrichment method. In
this way, five distinct cadusafos-degrading strains of Pseudomonas putidia were isolated, and were characterized using morphological and biochemical analysis, as well as 16S rRNA sequencing. Strain
PC1 exhibited the greatest cadusafos degradation rate and was consequently selected for further investigation. Degradation
of cadusafos by strain PC1 was rapid at 20 and 37°C, but was greatly reduced (~1.5-fold) by the presence of carbon sources.
Strain PC1 was able to effectively degrade cadusafos in sterilized soil using low inoculum levels. The maximum degradation
rate of cadusafos (V
max
) was calculated as 1.1 mg l−1 day−1, and its saturation constant (K
s
) was determined as 2.5 mg l−1. Bacteria such as strain PC1, that use cadusafos as a carbon source, could be employed for the bioremediation of sites contaminated
with pesticides. 相似文献
10.
An endophytic bacteriumn identified as Acinetobacter johnsonii strain 3–1 was isolated from surface-sterilized roots of Beta vulgaris. Its effect on sugar beet seedling growth was studied using pot assays and field experiments. This strain promoted beet seedling
growth following seed inoculation by seed dipping. Plant height and dry weight of beet increased by 19% and 69%, respectively,
compared with controls. Strain 3–1 exhibited the ability to increase absorption of N, P, K, and Mg elements from soil and
increase the content of vitamins B and C, and protein within beet. In addition, the strain also produced a phytohormone-auxin,
produced nearly twice as much IAA as that produced by strain 2–2, and was able to solubilize phosphates. The concentration of dissolved P in the medium was 180.5 mg L−1 after 4 days of incubation. In field experiments, strain 3–1 significantly increased the content of sucrose, fructose, and
the yield of the beet. The growth-promoting properties of Acinetobacter johnsonii strain 3–1 indicates that this promising isolate merits further investigation into its symbiosis with beet plants and its
potential application in agriculture. 相似文献
11.
Enrichment, isolation, and characterization of 4-chlorophenol-degrading bacterium Rhizobium sp. 4-CP-20 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The objectives of this research were to monitor the variations of species in mixed cultures during the enrichment period,
isolate species and identify and characterize the pure 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) degrading strains from enriched mixed cultures.
Strain Rhizobium sp. 4-CP-20 was isolated from the acclimated mixed culture. The DGGE result indicated that strain Rhizobium sp. 4-CP-20 was undetectable at the beginning but detectable after 2 weeks of enrichment. The optimum growth temperatures
for Rhizobium sp. 4-CP-20 were both 36°C using 350 mg l−1 glucose or sodium acetate as the substrate. The optimum pH range for degrading 100 mg l−1 4-CP was between 6.89 and 8.20. Strain Rhizobium sp. 4-CP-20 could degrade 4-CP completely within 3.95 days, as the initial 4-CP concentration was 100 mg l−1. If the initial 4-CP concentration was higher than 240 mg l−1, the growth of bacterial cells and the activity of degrading 4-CP were both inhibited. 相似文献
12.
Biodegradation of methyl parathion and p-nitrophenol by a newly isolated Agrobacterium sp. strain Yw12 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Strain Yw12, isolated from activated sludge, could completely degrade and utilize methyl parathion as the sole carbon, phosphorus
and energy sources for growth in the basic salt media. It could also completely degrade and utilize p-nitrophenol as the sole carbon and energy sources for growth in the minimal salt media. Phenotypic features, physiological
and biochemical characteristics, and phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA sequence showed that this strain belongs to the genus
of Agrobacterium sp. Response surface methodology was used to optimize degradation conditions. Under its optimal degradation conditions, 50 mg l−1 MP was completely degraded within 2 h by strain Yw12 and the degradation product PNP was also completely degraded within
6 h. Furthermore, strain Yw12 could also degrade phoxim, methamidophos, chlorpyrifos, carbofuran, deltamethrin and atrazine
when provided as the sole carbon and energy sources. Enzymatic analysis revealed that the MP degrading enzyme of strain Yw12
is an intracellular enzyme and is expressed constitutively. These results indicated that strain Yw12 might be used as a potential
and effective organophosphate pesticides degrader for bioremediation of contaminated sites. 相似文献
13.
Shinawar Waseem Ali Rong Li Wei-you Zhou Ji-quan Sun Peng Guo Ji-ping Ma Shun-peng Li 《Biodegradation》2010,21(3):441-452
Abamectin is widely used in agriculture as an insecticide and in veterinary as an anti-parasitic agent, and has caused great
environmental pollution by posing potential risk to non-target soil invertebrates and nearby aquatic systems. A bacterium
designated GB-01, which was capable of degrading abamectin, was isolated from soil by enrichment culture method. On the basis
of morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics, combined with phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene, the
bacterium GB-01 was identified as Burkholderia cepacia-like species. The bacterium GB-01 was able to utilize abamectin as its sole carbon source for growth, and could degrade more
than 90% of abamectin at initial concentrations of 50 and 100 mg l−1 in mineral salt medium in 30 and 36 h, respectively. The longer degradation cycle was observed with abamectin concentrations
higher than 100 mg l−1. Optimal growth temperatures and pH values with highest degradation rate were 30–35°C and 7–8, respectively. Two new degradation
products were identified and characterized by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS)
based mass spectral data and a plausible partial degradation pathway of abamectin was proposed. This is the first report in
which an abamectin-degrading Burkholderia species isolated from soil was identified and characterized. 相似文献
14.
Chlorothalonil (2, 4, 5, 6-tetrachloroisophthalonitrile, TPN) has been widely used as a wide-spectrum fungicide in China and
other countries, and is considered to be an important soil and water contaminant. Here we report the isolation and characterization
of a novel TPN-degrading bacterial strain TP-D1 from a heavily TPN-polluted soil in Henan Province, China, and identified
it as a strain of Ochrobactrum
lupini based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and its morphological, biochemical, and physiological characteristics. Strain TP-D1
could degrade 90.4 and 99.7% of TPN after 4- and 7-day incubation in mineral salt broth with 50 mg TPN l−1 and in autoclaved soil with 50 μg TPN g−1, respectively. Two new metabolites, methyl 2, 5, 6-trichloro-3-cyano-4-methoxy-benzoate (metabolite C) and methyl 3-cyano-2,
4, 5, 6-tetrachlorobenzoate (metabolite D), were detected besides previously reported 4-hydroxy-2, 5, 6-trichloroisophthalonitrile
(TPN-OH, metabolite A). This result suggests that the cyano-group in TPN could be converted into amide groups by strain TP-D1,
and reveal the biodegradation mechanism of TPN in soil. 相似文献
15.
Isolation and characterization of a fungus <Emphasis Type="Italic">Aspergillus</Emphasis> sp. strain F-3 capable of degrading alkali lignin 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A fungus strain F-3 was selected from fungal strains isolated from forest soil in Dalian of China. It was identified as one
Aspergillus sp. stain F-3 with its morphologic, cultural characteristics and high homology to the genus of rDNA sequence. The budges or thickened node-like structures are peculiar structures of hyphae of the strain. The fungus degraded 65% of
alkali lignin (2,000 mg l−1) after day 8 of incubation at 30°C at pH 7. The removal of colority was up to 100% at 8 days. The biodegradation of lignin
by Aspergillus sp. F-3 favored initial pH 7.0. Excess acid or alkali conditions were not propitious to lignin decomposing. Addition of ammonium
l-tartrate or glucose delayed or repressed biodegradation activities. During lignin degradation, manganese peroxidase (28.2
U l−1) and laccase (3.5 U l−1)activities were detected after day 7 of incubation. GC-MS analysis of biodegraded products showed strain F-3 could convert
alkali lignin into small molecules or other utilizable products. Strain F-3 may co-culture with white rot fungus and decompose
alkali lignin effectively. 相似文献
16.
17.
Biodegradation of phenol and 4-chlorophenol by the yeast <Emphasis Type="Italic">Candida tropicalis</Emphasis> 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Biodegradation of phenol and 4-chlorophenol (4-cp) using a pure culture of Candida tropicalis was studied. The results showed that C. tropicalis could degrade 2,000 mg l−1 phenol alone and 350 mg l−1 4-cp alone within 66 and 55 h, respectively. The capacity of the strain to degrade phenol was obviously higher than that
to degrade 4-cp. In the dual-substrate system, 4-cp intensely inhibited phenol biodegradation. Phenol beyond 800 mg l−1 could not be degraded in the presence of 350 mg l−1 4-cp. Comparatively, low-concentration phenol from 100 to 600 mg l−1 supplied a sole carbon and energy source for C. tropicalis in the initial phase of biodegradation and accelerated the assimilation of 4-cp, which resulted in the fact that 4-cp biodegradation
velocity was higher than that without phenol. And the capacity of C. tropicalis to degrade 4-cp was increased up to 420 mg l−1 with the presence of 100–160 mg l−1 phenol. In addition, the intrinsic kinetics of cell growth and substrate degradation were investigated with phenol and 4-cp
as single and mixed substrates in batch cultures. The results illustrated that the models proposed adequately described the
dynamic behaviors of biodegradation by C. tropicalis. 相似文献
18.
Use of Acadian marine plant extract powder from Ascophyllum nodosum in tissue culture of Kappaphycus varieties 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Anicia Q. Hurtado Dianne Aster Yunque Keneth Tibubos Alan T. Critchley 《Journal of applied phycology》2009,21(6):633-639
Three varieties of Kappaphycus alvarezii (Kapilaran, KAP), Tambalang purple (PUR), Adik-adik (AA), and one variety of Kappaphycus striatum var. sacol (green sacol (GS) were used to determine the efficiency of Acadian marine plant extract powder (AMPEP) as a culture medium
at different concentrations, for the regeneration of young plants of Kappaphycus varieties, using tissue culture techniques for the production of seed stock for nursery and outplanting purposes for the
commercial cultivation of carrageenophytes. A shorter duration for shoot formation was observed when the explant was treated
with AMPEP + Plant Growth Regulator (PGR = PAA + zeatin at 1 mg L−1) compared to AMPEP when used singly. However, four explants responded differently to the number of days required for shoot
formation. The KAP variety took 46 days to form shoots at 3–4 mg L−1 AMPEP + PGR; while PUR required 21 days at 3–5 mg L−1 AMPEP and 3–4 mg L−1 AMPEP + PGR. AA required 17 days at 3–5 mg L−1 AMPEP and AMPEP + PGR; and GS 25 days at 1 mg L−1 AMPEP + PGR. It was observed that among the four explants used, PUR and AA initiated shoot formation with the use of AMPEP
only at higher concentrations (3–5 mg L−1) after a shorter period. Only PUR responded positively to ESS/2 for shoot initiation. The use of AMPEP alone and/or in combination
with PGR as a culture medium in the propagation of microplantlets using tissue culture technique is highly encouraging. 相似文献
19.
Yoshida N Nakasato M Ohmura N Ando A Saiki H Ishii M Igarashi Y 《Current microbiology》2006,53(5):406-411
A novel thermoacidophilic iron-reducing Archaeon, strain NA−1, was isolated from a hot fumarole in Manza, Japan. Strain NA-1 could grow autotrophically using H2 or S0 as an electron donor and Fe3+ as an electron acceptor, and also could grow heterotrophically using some organic compounds. Fe3+ and O2 served as electron acceptors for growth. However, S0, NO3
−, NO2
−, SO4
2−, Mn4+, fumarate, and Fe2O3 did not serve as electron acceptors. The ranges of growth temperature and pH were 60–90°C (optimum: 80°C) and pH 1.0–5.0
(optimum: pH 1.2–1.5), respectively. Cells were nearly regular cocci with an envelope comprised of the cytoplasmic membrane
and a single outer S-layer. The crenarchaeal-specific quinone (cardariellaquinone) was detected, and the genomic DNA G + C
content was 29.9 mol%. From 16S rDNA analysis, it was determined that strain NA-1 is closely related to Acidianus ambivalens (93.1%) and Acidianus infernus (93.0%). However, differences revealed by phylogenetic and phenotypic analyses clearly show that strain NA-1 represents a
new species, Acidianus manzaensis, sp. nov., making it the first identified thermoacidophilic iron-reducing microorganism (strain NA-1T = NBRC 100595 = ATCC BAA 1057).
Strain NA-1 has been deposited in the culture collections of the National Institute of Technology and Evolution (NBRC 100595)
and American Type Culture Collection (ATCC BAA 1057). The 16S rDNA sequence has been deposited at GenBank under accession
number AB182498. 相似文献
20.
Butanol, a four-carbon primary alcohol (C4H10O), is an important industrial chemical and has a good potential to be used as a superior biofuel. Bio-based production of
butanol from renewable feedstock is a promising and sustainable alternative to substitute petroleum-based fuels. Here, we
report the development of a process for butanol production from glycerol, which is abundantly available as a byproduct of
biodiesel production. First, a hyper butanol producing strain of Clostridium pasteurianum was isolated by chemical mutagenesis. The best mutant strain, C. pasteurianum MBEL_GLY2, was able to produce 10.8 g l−1 butanol from 80 g l−1 glycerol as compared to 7.6 g l−1 butanol produced by the parent strain. Next, the process parameters were optimized to maximize butanol production from glycerol.
Under the optimized batch condition, the butanol concentration, yield, and productivity of 17.8 g l−1, 0.30 g g−1, and 0.43 g l−1 h−1 could be achieved. Finally, continuous fermentation of C. pasteurianum MBEL_GLY2 with cell recycling was carried out using glycerol as a major carbon source at several different dilution rates.
The continuous fermentation was run for 710 h without strain degeneration. The acetone–butanol–ethanol productivity and the
butanol productivity of 8.3 and 7.8 g l−1 h−1, respectively, could be achieved at the dilution rate of 0.9 h−1. This study reports continuous production of butanol with reduced byproducts formation from glycerol using C. pasteurianum, and thus could help design a bioprocess for the improved production of butanol. 相似文献