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本文首次报道了马氏真藓（Bryum marratii Hook. & Wilson）在中国的分布。该种的主要识别特征为：植株鲜绿色;叶卵形至卵状椭圆形,强烈内凹、钝尖,边缘平直、不分化,中肋不及顶;孢蒴梨形,蒴盖具短喙。马氏真藓在中国主要分布于西藏阿里地区西南部高海拔地区,偶见于日喀则,多生长于高寒水体或季节性水体堤岸土壤。与世界其他地区同种物种相比,该新分布种植株矮、蒴柄短,叶和叶细胞较小;文中还比较了该新分布种与相似物种的主要形态识别特征。由于马氏真藓居群数量少,且破碎化分布,建议将该种列为中国受保护物种。 相似文献
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Charles F. McKhann 《Anthropological Forum》2017,27(4):382-401
ABSTRACTThe post-Mao era (1976–present) has seen a number of great changes in China. Two of these – the revival of religion and the emergence of a nascent, but powerful environmental movement – have come together in a unique way in the revitalisation of dongba religion among the Naxi nationality (pop. 300,000) of northwest Yunnan and southwest Sichuan provinces. This paper examines the relations between indigenous Naxi and outside tourists (mainly Han from other parts of China) through multiple lenses, including traditional Naxi cosmologies and theories of kinship and hospitality, as well as contemporary ideas concerning tourism development and environmental protection. The aim is to show that: (1) Naxi theories of alterity occur at multiple levels simultaneously – gods/demons vs. humans, kin vs. non-kin, native vs. stranger, host vs. guest, etc. – but that a unified logic underlies the relations, transactions, and interpenetration of these groups and (2) this logic is a productive force in its own right, that is, capable of harnessing new situations to it, even as it itself evolves as novel meanings are engendered in the process of intentional action. In all of this, one figure stands out: the dongba, a traditional shaman-priest viewed as a kind of mediator or facilitator in interactions and exchanges involving a wide range of human and non-human subjects. 相似文献
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戊型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis E Virus,HEV)感染是一个重要的全球公共卫生问题,而猪被认为是HEV的天然宿主。HEV可以跨种间传播,且已经证实生吃感染的猪肉会导致人感染。在中国西藏许多地区仍然有生吃猪肉、猪肝等的习惯,且不同种家畜混合饲养,极易造成HEV感染和传播。然而中国西藏地区猪HEV流行情况报道甚少。文中对中国西藏5个地区市(拉萨、日喀则、山南、那曲和昌都)猪血清进行HEV Immunoglobulin-M(Ig M)和Ig G抗体检测,并通过逆转录巢氏PCR(RT-n PCR)进行HEV RNA检测和定量RT-PCR(q RT-PCR)进行病毒拷贝计算,首次报道了藏猪血清HEV RNA阳性率。结果显示,在西藏猪中HEV有较高的流行趋势。猪血清HEV Ig M抗体阳性率高达7.6%(26/340),HEV Ig G抗体阳性率为1.8%(6/340),HEV RNA阳性率高达7.6%(26/340),血清中病毒拷贝高达1.7×107 copies/m L,而且5个地区有不同的流行趋势。结果表明西藏猪HEV感染情况严重。有关部门应加强管理,以避免人与动物之间的交叉感染和暴发。 相似文献
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Susanne Brandtstädter 《Ethnos》2013,78(3):328-351
This article explores the hidden transfers between law and religion by focussing on the conditions of existence of ‘liberated’ peasant subjects in contemporary China. The post-Maoist era sought to create new citizens from the collectivised Maoist masses who are subject to market reforms and a new politics of ‘governing through law’ (fazhi). At the same time, new religiousities have blossomed in the Chinese countryside. Representing ‘feudal superstition’, their collective practices remain illegal until today. I argue that, beyond the issue of belief, contemporary ‘feudal superstition’ does not represent a form of anti-secular resistance, but rather confirms the central tenets of Chinese secularism from the perspective of ‘failed’ peasant subjects. Where the realities of market liberalisation and governing through law are experienced as corruption, feudal superstition recreates the conditions to realise liberated peasant subjects: a participatory local public sphere, political visibility, investments in the public good, and a new collective property. 相似文献
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Yanling Li David M. Williams Ditmar Metzeltin J. Patrick Kociolek Zhijun Gong 《Journal of phycology》2010,46(2):325-330
Tibetiella pulchra Y. L. Li, D. M. Williams et Metzeltin is described from River Nujiang. Its main features are heteropolar valves, which are linear with capitate ends; narrow sternum, expanding at its center; 2–5 rimoportulae at each apex; uniseriate striae; two short projections arising on the surface above each apical pore plate; and an ocellulimbus, extending from the edge of the valve margin to the edge of the valve surface. Of these characters, it is defined by the 2–5 rimoportulae at each apex. T. pulchra was common to abundant on rocks in the samples examined herein. 相似文献
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该文报道了2015年7月采自西藏拉鲁湿地的硅藻植物共133个分类单位,包括54属122种11变种,分别隶属于3纲12目54属,其中6种为中国新记录,分别为多罗弗里克短缝藻(Eunotia dorofeyukae Lange-BertalotM.S.Kulikovskiy)、嫌钙异极藻(Gomphonema calcifugumm Lange-BertalotE.Reichardt)、坎普登斯异极藻(Gomphonema campodunense E.Reichardt)、三角舟形藻(Navicula trilatera Bahls)、相似弯肋藻(Cymbopleura similiformis Krammer)、兰格伯泰勒特桥弯藻(Cymbella lange-bertalotii Krammer)。并对拉鲁湿地硅藻的种类组成进行了分析,指出了其中的优势属及优势种,对优势种的环境指示进行了分析。 相似文献
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记述了采自中国西藏的拟遁蛛属1新种:张氏拟遁蛛,新种Pseudopoda zhangi sp.nov.。张氏拟遁蛛,新种Pseudopoda zhangi sp.nov.(图1~5)正模♂,副模1♀,西藏墨脱县背崩乡(29°13′N,95°18′E,海拔2253m),2003-08-08,张锋采;副模2♀♀,西藏墨脱县背崩乡,2003-08-13,张锋采。词源:以采集人的姓氏命名。 相似文献
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The Ground Tit is a large parid species endemic to the Tibetan Plateau. Here we describe its genetic breeding system based on 2 years of fieldwork on a population from Damshung, Tibet. Genetic relatedness and parentage were analysed using 16 microsatellite markers and sex was determined with a marker on the Z and W chromosomes. We established that 16 of 75 families (21%) were assisted by one or occasionally two male helpers, which in most cases were young from a previous brood of one or both of the breeding adults. The helpers typically stayed with their families throughout the breeding season. Helpers never obtained any paternity in their own families, but one helper was identified as the sire in the only instance of extra‐group (and extra‐pair) parentage detected. Thus, the level of extra‐group/extra‐pair parentage appears to be very low in this Ground Tit population, and sharing of reproduction within family groups is apparently absent. Our results contrast with the findings from another Ground Tit population in Gansu, further northeast in China, with respect to both the number and sex of helpers and the division of parentage within and among family groups. In Gansu, helpers regularly produced offspring and both extra‐pair and extra‐group paternity as well as maternity (egg dumping) was common. Differences in family structure, philopatry, territoriality and potential inclusive fitness benefits can probably explain this contrast, and are likely to reflect the relative costs and benefits of co‐operative breeding. 相似文献
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于西藏喜马拉雅南坡的陈塘沟开展植物多样性调查过程中,发现一种在《中国植物志》中未记录的马先蒿属（Pedicularis ）植物。通过文献查阅和详细的形态学比较,确定其为中国新记录种Pedicularis tamurensis T. Yamaz.,为其新拟中文名称：陈塘马先蒿。该种以前仅发现于尼泊尔,现也发现于中国西藏自治区日喀则市定结县陈塘镇。此新记录种生长于海拔约2 900 m的冷杉（Abies fabri （Mast.） Craib）林下,与光唇马先蒿（Pedicularis fletcheri P. C. Tsoong）相似,主要识别特征为：叶对生,两面均密生短毛,羽状全裂至深裂;花序总状,花白色,盔瓣呈镰刀状弯弓,中间渐狭成喙,顶端2裂,下唇完全包围盔瓣。本文对陈塘马先蒿进行了详细的形态描述,介绍了其分布信息,并提供彩色图片便于鉴别。该新记录种的发现更新了国产马先蒿属植物的资料,丰富了中国植物多样性的内容。 相似文献
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中国长属一新种(弹尾目:长科) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文记述了长虫兆属西藏１新种：黄氏长虫兆Ｅｎｔｏｍｏｂｒｙａｈｕａｎｇｉ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．（图１～１７）。本种与Ｅ．ｍａｒｇｉｎａｔａＴｕｌｂｅｒｇ,１８７１和Ｅ．ｌａｎｕｇｉｎｏｓａＮｉｃｏｌｅｔ,１８４２在体色上很相似,但它们可从第４腹节与第３腹节的长度比、上唇乳突、生殖板等特征相区别。正模♀,西藏错美,海拔４２００米,１９７４－ＶＩ－２６,采集号８１００;副模：２♀♀,同正模;５♀♀,２♂♂,西藏错美哲古湖附近,海拔４６００米,１９７４－ＩＶ－２８,采集号８１１７。除部分副模保存于南京大学生物系外,模式标本均保存于中国科学院动物研究所。 相似文献
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大叉飞虱属Ecdelphax Yang种类主要分布在我国,目前已知有5种,其中包括1新种.本文编有分种检索表,并对新种钩突大叉飞虱E.anconaea sp.nov.进行了记述.新种阳茎鞭节端部分岔,显示与大叉飞虱Ecervina (Muir)近缘,但前者根据臀刺突呈钩状可与后者和属内的其它种类区别.提供了成虫和雄虫外生殖器特征的照片.新种模式标本采自西藏墨脱上亚东村;保存在南京农业大学昆虫标本室. 相似文献
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ABSTRACTServe-and-return interactions between a young child and caregiver are cited as integral to healthy child development and language development. In this article, the authors assert that serve-and-return interactions offer a relevant model for policy development in early childhood music education. They share contemporary evidence that music learning and development begins in the womb, continues during infancy, and needs to be prioritized in preschool and early elementary years. Next, they trace the policy landscape for early childhood education and music education in the United States since 2008. Although the landscape has remained stark, the authors offer recent glimmers of possibilities and conclude with actionable steps for improving early childhood music education policies. 相似文献
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矛猛蚁属Myopopone Roger分布于东洋界和马来西亚界,目前为止该属仅知1种:红矛猛蚁M.castanea (Smith).首次在中国西藏记录到红矛猛蚁的分布,并系统记述了矛猛蚁属的特征、红矛猛蚁工蚁和蚁后的特征,提供了详尽的测量数据和插图. 相似文献
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In Asia, especially in China, our knowledge of the distribution of testate amoebae is still limited. In this paper, the geographical distribution of testate amoebae in Tibetan Plateau and northwestern Yunnan Plateau, southwest China and their relationships with the climatic factors have been studied. We found testate amoebae shifted in the most dominant species and increased in species (or genus) richness from northwest to southeast. Further, the linear regression analyses revealed that both species richness and genus richness have higher positive correlations with the mean temperature of the warmest month and annual mean precipitation as contrasted with the mean altitude, which showed weak negative correlation. This indicates that the temperature and precipitation are more significant influences on the richness than the altitude. The cluster analysis based on the community structure, defined by Sørenson’s coefficient matrix, suggested four groups from the 10 physiographical regions. This geographical distribution pattern was also closely related with the climatic regionalization. The present climatic regionalization pattern of the study area originated from the uplift of Tibetan Plateau and mainly occurred in or after the late Pleistocene. Therefore, the geographical distribution of testate amoebae in our study area may have experienced complicated and drastic changes corresponding to the variation of the climate caused by the geological events. 相似文献
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凹冠叶蝉属一新种（同翅目：叶蝉科：杆叶蝉亚科）沈林,张雅林（西北农业大学昆虫研究所,陕西省杨陵区７１２１００）凹冠叶蝉属Ａｓｓｉｒｉｎｇｉａ由Ｄｉｓｔａｎｔ建立于１９０８年,该属迄今仅记述１个种,即模式种ＡｓｓｉｒｉｎｇｉａｅｘｈｉｂｉｔａＤｉｓｔａ... 相似文献
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中国野牦牛现状研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
根据１９８７～１９９０年在西藏的野外调查资料和７５２ｋｍ长的调查样线以及调查中所遇见的２６７头野牦牛,采用截线抽样法,以直方图截舍法确定其探测函数,计算出了野牦牛在西藏的平均分布密度为０．０７９头／ｋｍ２,每群平均头数为１２．７１头,种群数量达７９５９±８０２头,分布面积为１０万ｋｍ２,加上新疆３０３１头（或１００００头）,甘肃１０３头和青海４０９２头,则中国野牦牛总数为１５０００～２００００头,分布总面积为４６６０００ｋｍ２以上．目前其分布区已被分割为５个较孤立的区域,整个种群呈急剧下降趋势,亟待人类采取有效措施,防止分布区的进一步分割并制止捕杀,切实保护好现有资源 相似文献
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西藏台错晚第四纪轮藻类的新类型 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文的研究材料来自西藏羌塘高原西部台错古湖一个3.69 m的天然剖面,其地层测年为32.6-4.5ka.从其156个样品中获取大量的轮藻类、介形类和腹足类及少量有孔虫等微体化石.据轮藻类藏卵器外形,顶部结构、螺旋细胞钙化式样等特征,该剖面的轮藻类应归属于轮藻科Characeae之轮藻属Chara.经研究得知,台错古湖在... 相似文献