A Time for Tea: Women, Labor, and Post/Colonial Politics on an Indian Plantation.

Time for Tea: Women, Labor, and Post/Colonial Politics on an Indian Plantation. Piya Chatterjee. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2001. 417 pp.     

综述与专论：遗传密码子扩展技术在蛋白质及多肽类药物中的应用

通过遗传密码子扩展技术位点特异性插入非天然氨基酸(noncanonical amino acids,ncAAs)可在原子水平上对蛋白质的结构与功能进行操控。目前该技术能够向包括高等动植物在内的各种生命体中插入200多种ncAAs,已被广泛应用于生物医药领域。凭借能够在蛋白质中定点引入可控生物正交化学官能团的独特优势,该技术不仅可以用于蛋白质及多肽药物的研发,提高蛋白质及多肽药物的质量与疗效,而且可以为一些人类重大疾病的预防和治疗提供开创性解决方案。本文将重点关注遗传密码子扩展技术的前沿进展及其在各类抗体、细胞因子以及抗菌肽等蛋白质及多肽类药物中的应用,同时也对其衍生的新型生物治疗手段进行简单阐述。     

Colonial gravestones and demography

This paper discusses in a general way the range and use of demographic data that are, or may be, retrieved from colonial New England gravestones. In particular it examines some limitations of the usefulness of these data. The uses of gravestone data are also discussed in conjunction with those of published vital records and of early census figures. An optimistic view is expressed of the feasability of using such data in bridging the “credibility gap” between paleo and modern demography, with particular reference to possible studies of average age at death and of population composition and change.     

Colonial allorecognition,hemolytic rejection,and viviparity in botryllid ascidians

Allorecognition is a fundamental system that animals use to maintain individuality. Although embryos are usually semiallogeneic with their mother, viviparous animals are required to allow these embryos to develop inside the maternal body, but must also eliminate an "invasion" by nonself. In colonial ascidians of the family Botryllidae, when two colonies are brought into contact at their growing edges, a hemolytic rejection reaction occurs between allogeneic colonies. Morula cells, a type of hemocyte, are the major effector cells in the hemolytic rejection. Morula cells infiltrate and aggregate where the two colonies make contact, and then discharge their vacuolar contents, which contain phenoloxidase and quinones. In viviparous botryllids, colonial contact at artificially cut surfaces always results in colonial fusion and establishment of a common vascular network even between allogeneic colonies in which the growing-edge contact results in rejection. This colonial fusion between incompatible colonies (surgical fusion) suggests that the allorecognition sites are not distributed in the vascular system in which the embryos are brooded. It is supposed that a common ancestor of the viviparous species lost the capacity for allorecognition in their vascular system to protect its embryos from alloreactivity, when it changed from ovoviviparous to viviparous in the course of evolution. The limited distribution of allorecognition sites would be a solution to the embryo-parent histoincompatibility in viviparity.     

Colonial variation, capsule formation, and bacteriophage resistance in Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron

A Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron strain segregated two unstable colonial variants at high frequency. There is a correlation between colony morphology, encapsulation, Giemsa staining, and bacteriophage resistance.     

Colonial past,voluntary association and far-right voting in France

We examine whether linked pluralism – association membership along cross-cutting lines – reduces the likelihood of voting for the far right. Data come from surveys of European ex-colonials (pieds noirs) conducted after the French national elections of 2002, 2007 and 2012. Results confirm that pied-noir support for far-right candidates in presidential and parliamentary elections greatly exceeded the average. This pattern was mediated by membership in voluntary associations: far-right voting was significantly higher among those whose association membership insulated them from countering influences. Our study demonstrates the importance for far-right studies of the distinction between bridging and bonding social capital. The effects on politics of France's colonial legacy depend on association membership, which can either uphold or cross social cleavages.