Contact Dermatitis in Home Helps Following the Use of Enzyme Detergents

Twelve women in the home help service in Nottingham developed dermatitis after using enzyme detergents. A survey based on a questionary showed an incidence of 5% among those using them. The enzyme appears to act as a primary irritant.     

变应性接触性皮炎小鼠模型评价指标探讨

目的探讨变应性接触性皮炎小鼠模型的评价指标。方法首先用DNFB致敏小鼠,分别于激发后24、48、72 h及96 h检测激发后耳肿度、双侧耳重量之差、组织切片显微镜下耳双面距离之差、组织切片中浸润细胞种类及数量、双侧耳引流淋巴结细胞数目及淋巴细胞增殖活性,观察各指标与激发后耳肿度之间的一致性。结果与激发后耳肿度一样,其他各指标均显示出一致的随时间变化趋势,即：24 h及48 h时炎症程度达到高峰,随后逐渐减弱,至96 h时已减弱至一半左右。结论除激发后耳肿度之外,激发后双侧耳重量之差、组织切片显微镜下耳双面距离、组织中炎症细胞浸润程度及局部引流淋巴结中淋巴细胞的增殖活性等亦可反映炎症的程度,且更客观,从而丰富了该模型的评价指标,便于我们从多方面客观地评价药物的干预作用。     

两种变应性接触性皮炎动物模型的建立及比较

目的比较两种动物作为变应性接触性皮炎（allergic contact dermatitis,ACD）模型各自的优势,为实际应用中恰当选择动物模型提供依据。方法利用二硝基氯苯（dinitrochlorobenzene,DNCB）作为致敏剂,以腹部致敏、背部激发的方法分别建立豚鼠（连续激发4次）和小鼠（1次激发）两种ACD动物模型,并以丙酮作为对照。激发后0～96h,对激发部位进行动态分级。激发后96h,H-E染色观察激发部位皮肤病理变化,并计算脾指数和胸腺指数。结果动态评分结果显示：豚鼠激发后72h红斑程度最强,临床分级以3级为主,并于72～96h保持不变;小鼠激发后24h红斑程度最强,临床分级以4级为主,48h后红斑程度减轻。病理结果显示：两种模型激发部位皮肤内均有大量炎症细胞浸润。脾指数和胸腺指数计算结果显示：两种动物模型的脾指数和胸腺指数均较对照组明显增加（P〈0．05）。结论通过上述方法分别成功建立了豚鼠和小鼠ACD动物模型。豚鼠红斑程度较弱,且出现较晚,持续时间较长;小鼠红斑程度较强,出现较早,持续时间较短。     

Ethylene Formation from Acrylic Acid by a Banana Pulp Extract

An enzyme extract from ripe banana pulp catalyzed the formation of ethylene in the presence of Mg²⁺, TPP and acrylic acid under the gas phase of argon. Reaction conditions, cofactor requirement and optimum pH are presented.

Ethylene formation from acrylic acid catalyzed by TPP at pH 9.0 or by yeast decarboxylase was also demonstrated.

The following route was proposed as a biosynthetic pathway of ethylene in banana fruit;      

中医药治疗疱疹病毒引发的炎性皮肤病

疱疹病毒引起的炎性皮肤病 ,如带状疱疹常在发疹前或出疹时 ,出现患者难以忍受的痛疼 ,常呈阵发性加剧 ,且在皮损消退后仍可持续数月。生殖器疱疹久治不愈给患者带来难言之隐。我们在进行民间药用资源调查时 ,发现民间利用鲜草药治疗疱疹性疾病具有特色。我院自 1998年 5月～ 2     

Monomer composition and sequence of alginates from Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Alginates from four strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, one mucoid strain isolated from a technical water system, one strain isolated from a patient with cystic fibrosis and two mutants of this strain with a defect which affects the O-acetylation of the extracellular alginate, have been isolated and analysed for monomer composition and sequence by 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The detected contributions of different monomer triplets (triads) were compared with values expected from a statistical chain constitution based on the given monomer ratio. While a typical algal alginate presents a nearly statistical distribution of uronic acids in the polymer chain, a strong deviation from the statistical arrangement of mannuronate (M) and guluronate (G) was found in the alginate of the mucoid strains of P. aeruginosa, being most expressed for the triad MMM. This feature is partially lost in the alginate from the mutant strains, indicating that the O-acetylation is linked to a mechanism which takes influence on the chain sequence. The strong preference for MG-pairs in the parent strain of P. aeruginosa may be connected to a stronger binding of cations in the MG-vicinity.     

Accumulation of Metal-Specific T Cells in Inflamed Skin in a Novel Murine Model of Chromium-Induced Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Chromium (Cr) causes delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions possibly mediated by accumulating T cells into allergic inflamed skin, which are called irritants or allergic contact dermatitis. However, accumulating T cells during development of metal allergy are poorly characterized because a suitable animal model is not available. This study aimed to elucidate the skewing of T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire and cytokine profiles in accumulated T cells in inflamed skin during elucidation of Cr allergy. A novel model of Cr allergy was induced by two sensitizations of Cr plus lipopolysaccharide solution into mouse groin followed by single Cr challenge into the footpad. TCR repertoires and nucleotide sequences of complementary determining region 3 were assessed in accumulated T cells from inflamed skin. Cytokine expression profiles and T-cell phenotypes were determined by qPCR. CD3+CD4+ T cells accumulated in allergic footpads and produced increased T helper 1 (Th1) type cytokines, Fas, and Fas ligand in the footpads after challenge, suggesting CD4+ Th1 cells locally expanded in response to Cr. Accumulated T cells included natural killer (NK) T cells and Cr-specific T cells with VA11-1/VB14-1 usage, suggesting metal-specific T cells driven by invariant NKT cells might contribute to the pathogenesis of Cr allergy.