糖尿病伴酮症酸中毒纠正前后血浆游离氨基酸的改变

<正> 糖尿病患者,血浆支链氨基酸水平升高的报导很多,说明蛋白质代谢依赖胰岛素。糖尿病伴酮症酸中毒,提示葡萄糖利用严重受阻,导致脂肪及蛋白质分解加强,影响血浆更多氨基酸代谢紊乱。本文使用DNS-Cl(Dimethylamino-Naplthalene-5-Sulfonyl chloride,丹酰氯)荧光试剂     

血浆中氨基酸检测技术探讨

在血浆中检测游离氨基酸含量是临床诊断的重要手段之一。本文讨论了液相色谱法、氨基酸分析法、液质联用技术等几种血浆中氨基酸的检测技术,并介绍这些技术在氨基酸检测中的应用,为建立血浆中游离氨基酸的分析方法提供参考依据。     

某些内科系统疾病患者血浆游离氨基酸的变化及意义

为了解某些内科系统疾病的血氨基酸代谢特点。测定１７０例９种内科系统急慢性疾病患者血浆游离氨基酸浓度,并分别与５８例健康人血浆氨基酸浓度作对比分析。９种疾病的血浆胱氨基酸浓度不同程度升高,以尿毒症病人最为显著,炎症性病人血浆苯丙、蛋、赖氨酸和苯丙／酪比值显著升高,丙、组、精、脯氨酸和支／芳比值显著降低;糖尿病和甲亢病人血浆总游离氨基酸、谷、丙、酪、赖和支链氨酸显著升高;糠尿病病人支／芳比值显著升高,表明不同疾病的血氨基酸浓度有特征性变化,炎症是导致血氨基酸代谢紊乱的重要因素     

Critical Amino Acid Variants in HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1 Allotypes in the Development of Classical Type 1 Diabetes and Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults in the Japanese Population

The effects of amino acid variants encoded by the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II on the development of classical type 1 diabetes (T1D) and latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) have not been fully elucidated. We retrospectively investigated the HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1 genes of 72 patients with classical T1D and 102 patients with LADA in the Japanese population and compared the frequencies of HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1 alleles between these patients and the Japanese populations previously reported by another institution. We also performed a blind association analysis with all amino acid positions in classical T1D and LADA, and compared the associations of HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1 amino acid positions in classical T1D and LADA. The frequency of DRß-Phe-13 was significantly higher and those of DRß-Arg-13 and DQß-Gly-70 were significantly lower in patients with classical T1D and LADA than in controls. The frequencies of DRß-His-13 and DQß-Glu-70 were significantly higher in classical T1D patients than in controls. The frequency of DRß-Ser-13 was significantly lower and that of DQß-Arg-70 was significantly higher in LADA patients than in controls. HLA-DRß1 position 13 and HLA-DQß1 position 70 could be critical amino acid positions in the development of classical T1D and LADA.     

A simplified method for the estimation of individual amino acid radioactivity in plasma samples

A method is presented for the quantitative estimation of the individual amino acid radioactivity in biological samples. The material is deproteinized with cold acetone, and, after acetone evaporation, is passed through a column containing 1 g of Amberlite XAD-2, then eluted with 10% ethanol. The samples are derivatized with Sanger's reagent (alkaline 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene) and passed again through the Amberlite XAD-2 column; the 10% ethanol eluate is now discarded and the DNP-amino acids eluted with acetone. Aliquots are used for TLC chromatography on Silicagel plates; the spots are identified, cut away and their radioactivity estimated. The actual recovery of radioactivity in the spots is about 86-92% of the initial radioactivity. No contamination with radioactive glucose, lactate, pyruvate or glycerol has been observed.     

新生儿缺氧缺血脑病体液中游离氨基酸的改变

新生儿缺氧缺血脑病 ( hypoxic- ischem ic encephalapothy,HIE)是引起新生儿死亡及影响新生儿发育成长的一种常见病。使用丹酰氯反应 ,聚酰胺薄层析方法 ,分析了新生儿 HIE体液 (脑脊液及血液 )中 9种游离氨基酸水平的改变 ,以此探讨新生儿 HIE的发病机理 ,诊断依据以及治疗效果     

脑出血和脑梗死患者血清谷氨酸,甘氨酸和丙氨酸浓度的改变及意义

目的探讨血清中谷氨酸、甘氨酸和丙氨酸含量变化与脑出血和脑梗死的关系,为今后临床深入研究提供参考资料。方法用氨基酸分析仪对２３例急性脑出血和２６例脑梗死病人谷氨酸、甘氨酸和丙氨酸进行测定,并与对照组进行比较。结果病人组的兴奋性氨基酸谷氨酸的含量明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）,病人组的抑制性氨基酸甘氨酸和丙氨酸的含量与对照组无显著差异（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结论提示兴奋性氨基酸谷氨酸可能作为损伤因素参与脑出血和脑梗死脑损伤的发生。     

Construction and Analysis of Functional Networks in the Gut Microbiome of Type 2 Diabetes Patients

Although networks of microbial species have been widely used in the analysis of 16S rRNA sequencing data of a microbiome, the construction and analysis of a complete microbial gene network are in general problematic because of the large number of microbial genes in metagenomics studies. To overcome this limitation, we propose to map microbial genes to functional units, includ-ing KEGG orthologous groups and the evolutionary genealogy of genes:Non-supervised Ortholo-gous Groups (eggNOG) orthologous groups, to enable the construction and analysis of a microbial functional network. We devised two statistical methods to infer pairwise relationships between microbial functional units based on a deep sequencing dataset of gut microbiome from type 2 dia-betes (T2D) patients as well as healthy controls. Networks containing such functional units and their significant interactions were constructed subsequently. We conducted a variety of analyses of global properties, local properties, and functional modules in the resulting functional networks. Our data indicate that besides the observations consistent with the current knowledge, this study provides novel biological insights into the gut microbiome associated with T2D.     

烧伤狗浆血游离氨基酸的动态变化

烧伤狗浆血游离氨基酸的动态变化黎君友,周幼勤,赖业馥,赵有,伊少杰ＳｅｑｕｅｎｔｉａｌＣｈａｎｇｅｓｉｎＰｌａｓｍａＦｒｅｅＡｍｉｎｏＡｃｉｄＣｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎｉｎＢｕｒｎｅｄＤｏｇｓ￥Ｌｉｊｕｎｙｏｎ;Ｚｈｏｕｙｏｕｑｉｎ;Ｌａｉｙｅｆｕ;...     

“增收宝－3”中氨基酸成分

用日立８３５－５０型氨基酸分析仪对“增收宝－３”中游离的氨基酸进行了分析。结果表明其中含有１５种氨基酸,以脯氨酸含量最高。实验结果揭示,氨基酸可能是“增收宝－３”中抗逆增产的有效成分。     

老年高血压合并2 型糖尿病患者血清同型半胱氨酸、血尿酸水平 变化及临床意义

目的：探讨老年高血压合并2 型糖尿病患者血清同型半胱氨酸（Homocysteine, Hcy）、血尿酸（Serum uric acid, SUA）水平变 化及其临床意义。方法：2012 年9 月至2013 年9 月期间,我院诊治的40 例单纯高血压和40 例高血压合并2 型糖尿病患者,分别 作为对照组和研究组,检测两组血清Hcy、SUA水平。结果：两组患者收缩压、舒张压比较无统计学差异（P>0.05）。研究组空腹血 糖、餐后2h 血糖、血清Hcy、SUA 均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）。研究组中血管并发症患者血清Hcy、SUA为（25.0± 5.0）umol/L 和 （390.0± 65.0）mmol/L显著高于无血管并发症患者（17.0± 4.0）umol/L 和（330.0± 55.0）mmol/L,血管并发症患者FBG、餐后2h 血 糖与无血管并发症患者比较无统计学差异（P>0.05）。结论：高血压合并2 型糖尿病患者血清Hcy、SUA异常升高,且存在慢性血 管并发症患者两者水平更高,血清Hcy、SUA是老年高血压合并2 型糖尿病的危险因素。     

93例糖尿病住院患者的营养状况评价

对糖尿病住院患者入院时进行营养评价,分别对93例30～60岁糖尿病患者入院时做人体测量和生化检查,与正常人群作对照.结果显示,观察组患者的体质量、体质指数、总蛋白、白蛋白、低密度酯蛋白以及三酰甘油的平均值均高于正常组、而高密度脂蛋白低于正常组,差异有显著性意义(p＜0.05).结果表明,采用多项综合指标评价糖尿病患者的...