共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 255 毫秒
1.
贵州疣螈骨骼系统的研究 总被引:6,自引:3,他引:3
本文运用硬骨-软骨双染色技术对贵州疣螈(Tylototriton kweichowensis)的骨骼系统做了较全面的观察研究,包括头骨、脊柱和前后肢带骨,并对各骨块的形状、位置以及与邻近骨块的关系都作了详细的描述。最后,将贵州疣螈与东方蝾螈、有斑肥螈的骨骼系统进行了比较,为揭示蝾螈科属间演化关系提供一定的依据。 相似文献
2.
为揭示新疆北鲵(Ranodon sibiricus)骨骼系统特征及骨骼发育时序规律,采用“软骨-硬骨”双染色法对2月龄、3月龄、4月龄、6月龄、1龄、2龄、3龄和9龄8个不同年龄段新疆北鲵骨骼系统进行详细观察和对比分析。结果表明新疆北鲵骨骼系统分为头骨、脊椎骨和附肢骨三大部分,共(217±1)块骨,其中头骨骨骼53块脊椎骨(48±1)块,附肢骨116块。此外,新疆北鲵头颅外形宽扁,犁骨齿排列幼体呈“/”型,成体则呈“■”型颅顶同时具有额顶囟和前颌囟,且前颌囟长与鼻骨长之比达或大于1/2,翼骨前端与上颌骨后端较接近等显著区别于其他小鲵科物种的骨骼特征,可作为种间分类重要依据。基于骨骼发育时序和骨化时间特征对比分析,北鲵骨骼数量和形态发生重大改变主要在6月龄幼体和2龄幼体两个时期。6月龄幼体的骨骼变化主要体现在头骨:新生出上颌骨、泪骨和前额骨,前颌囟形状逐渐清晰,腭骨退化,翼骨向后回缩,鳞骨向外延展。此外,腰带新生出前耻骨,暗示其进入骨骼变态发育阶段。2龄幼体的骨骼变化主要体现在舌器:第三、第四鳃弓退化,外鳃消失,暗示其变态发育接近尾声或结束。研究结果表明新疆北鲵变态发育时期从6月龄起至2... 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
6.
采用透明骨骼染色法,观测了荒漠麻蜥Eremias przewaskii比较完整的骨骼系统,对其各部分骨骼组成、形态和位置作了详细的描述,为麻蜥属的分类及演化提供骨骼方面的基础资料。其骨骼可分为中轴骨骼(包括头骨、脊柱、胸骨和肋骨)和附肢骨骼(包括肩带、腰带、前肢骨和后肢骨)。其头骨呈三角形,眼窝与颞窝相通,不完整。颈椎8枚,胸椎5枚,腰椎13枚,荐椎2枚,尾椎44~45枚。与已报道的蜥蜴物种骨骼特征相比较,发现其前肢腕骨部位、尺骨和桡骨远端中间具1枚骨化不完全的籽骨——介间骨;在前肢腕骨与掌骨的腹面,有2块平面不规整四方形的掌籽骨,位于连接腕骨与各掌骨的韧带中间;在后肢股骨远端的关节内侧与髌骨相对的位置存在1粒籽骨,为股腓侧豆状骨;跗骨腹面下方有1枚三角形籽骨——跗籽骨。 相似文献
7.
青海沙蜥红原亚种的骨骼系统解剖及分类意义探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用透明骨骼染色法,观测到了青海沙蜥红原亚种雌体比较完整的骨骼系统,为沙蜥属的分类及演化提供骨骼方面的资料.其特征是高颅型头骨,眼窝完整;颈椎8枚,躯椎13枚,荐椎2枚,尾椎多于21枚.我们第1次详细描述了眶间隔,鼻甲软骨,耳柱骨软骨部分等结构,并且在硬骨系统中也对以往的沙蜥骨骼系统有所补充:在前肢肱骨与尺骨间的韧带内,存在1块小骨,这块骨对应于后肢髌骨的位置,我们暂时称之为肘骨.在前肢腕骨与掌骨的腹面,有1块平面方形的骨骼,位于连接腕骨与各掌骨的韧带中间,我们暂时称之为垫骨. 相似文献
8.
9.
团头鲂骨骼系统的发育 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
本文对团头鲂骨骼系统的发育进行了研究,观察了刚孵化的仔鱼到已具成鱼特征的幼鱼的骨骼发育过程,对脑颅、咽颅、韦伯氏器和脊椎骨、肩带和胸鳍支鳍骨、腰带和腹鳍支鳍骨以及奇鳍支鳍骨在不同生长阶段的形态特征进行了描述。讨论了韦伯氏器、复合神经骨及第二神经板等的发生过程;并根据团头鲂骨骼发育情况,讨论了头骨各骨片的性质。 相似文献
10.
11.
The morphological characteristics of the dorsal skin of trunk in two species of hynobiid salamanders, Batrachuperus pinchonii and Hynobius chinensis were examined by light microscopy. The basic structures of the skin in the two species are similar and consist of two layers: epidermis and dermis. The epidermis consists of stratum corneum, stratum intermedium and stratum germinativum, while the dermis is composed of a stratum spongiosum and stratum compactum. However, some species-specific variation has been identified(e.g., the distribution of capillary vessels and gland cells, and the thickness of skin). H. chinensis is a terrestrial species and only lives in water during breeding period, but B. pinchonii is aquatic and remains aquatic throughout its lifetime. The differences in the distribution of capillary vessels and gland cells are related to their different habitats, and show a morphological adaptation. 相似文献
12.
13.
14.
山溪鲵卵黄发生的显微与超微结构 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
用光镜和透射电镜观察了山溪鲵(Batrachuperus pinchonii)不同发育时期卵母细胞的显微与超微结构,特别注意了与卵黄发生相关的细胞器变化。结果表明,类核周体为线粒体、高尔基体、内质网等膜性细胞器聚集的场所;线粒体自身也可演变成卵黄前颗粒,参与构成卵黄小板的成分;吞饮泡和髓样小体是卵母细胞利用外源卵黄物质的中间媒介。经过与其他动物卵黄发生过程相比较,认为非哺乳脊椎动物卵黄发生是卵母细胞在多种细胞器参与下整体活动的结果,不是经由单一的模式或途径形成,因此呈现发生上的多元化;不同物种在卵黄发生中分别采取与各自相适应的模式或途径。 相似文献
15.
小鲵科线粒体16S rRNA基因序列分析及其系统发育 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
To study the phylogeny of Hynobiidae, we amplified DNA fragments of 470 bp 16S ribosomal RNA (16S rRNA) gene on mitochondrial DNA from Ranodon sibiricus and Ranodon tsinpaensis. PCR products were cloned into PMD18 T vector after purification. These sequences were determined and deposited in the GenBank (accession numbers: AY373459 for Ranodon sibiricus, AY372534 for Ranodon tsinpaensis). By comparing the nucleotide differences of 16S ribosomal RNA sequences among Liua shihi, Pseudohynobius flavomaculatus and Batrachuperus genus from GenBank database, we analyzed the divergences and base substitution among these sequences with the MEGA software. The molecular results support that B. tibetanus, B. pinchonii and B. karlschmidti are classified into three valid species. Liua shihi has closer phylogenetic relationships to Ranodon tsinpaensis than to other species. More our results reveal that Pseudohynobius flavomaculatus is not a synonym of Ranodon tsinpaensis. [Acta Zoologica Sinica 50 (3) : 464 - 469,2004]. 相似文献
16.
山溪鲵皮肤分泌物抗菌活性的初步研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
山溪鲵皮肤分泌物和经两次SephadexG-25层析分离得到的初步提纯样品经抗菌实验,发现具有抗菌活性。其中的抗菌活性成分为蛋白质性质,分子量约为20kD,具有在高温下短时间、常温下长时间保持稳定的特性。初步提纯样品经尿素SDS聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测为两条带;经反相高效液相层析(RP-HPLC)检测为13个峰。此提纯方法的活性回收率为46.7%。这为进一步的纯化和性质鉴定工作奠定了基础。 相似文献
17.
我国有尾动物分类中几个问题的研究 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:6
本文对有尾两栖类小鲵科Hynobiidae山溪鲵属、巴鲵属、小鲵属分类研究中的同物异名,以及属称的订正方面进行了进一步探讨,认为我国山溪鲵属应为5种,无唇褶山溪鲵B.cochranae应为北方山溪鲵Batrachuperus ti-betanus同物异名。巴鲵属是一个有效属称,义乌小鲵Hynobius yiwuensis应为中国小鲵H.chinensis的同物异名,黄斑拟小鲵Pseudohynobius flavonaculatus可以暂定为秦巴北鲵Ranodon tsinoaensis的同物异名。黑抓异鲵Xenobius melanonychus是否有效种有待确定。 相似文献
18.
我国两栖类皮肤形态方面(非性征性状)的多态现象(polymorphism)可分为两类,一类是色斑的,另一类是皮肤表型结构的。本文主要探讨后一类型“皮肤多瘰疣或满布瘰疣”的多态现象。目前在我国两栖类中已发现6种存在这种类型的多态性变体,其中有尾2种Batrachuperus pinchonii和B.tibetamus;无尾目4种Scutiger(Scutiger)boulengeri,S.(Aelu 相似文献
19.
《Journal of Fermentation and Bioengineering》1991,71(4):248-253
Proteins were separated from Koshu grape juice and wine by precipitation with ammonium sulfate. The protein fractions were further fractionated by gel electrophoresis and gel isoelectric focusing, followed by amino acid analyses. The juice contained more than eleven protein fractions with molecular weights between 13,000 and 65,000, and their isoelectric points were between 3.6 and 10.5. The wine also contained more than eleven protein fractions with molecular weights between 21,000 and 65,000, while their isoelectric points were between 3.6 and 11.0. All the juice proteins and some major wine proteins were glycoproteins. The same three protein fractions were present in both juice and wine. The other juice proteins were lost during wine-making and thus, were not detected in the wine. About half of the proteins detected in the wine were not observed in the juice. Some juice proteins were bound to the flavonoid phenolics extracted from the wine and were removed as insoluble precipitates. There was specific interaction between wine flavonoids and juice proteins. 相似文献
20.
Moriwake Y Tohno Y Tohno S Azuma C Minami T Takano Y 《Biological trace element research》2002,88(3):215-222
To elucidate compositional changes of elements in the meniscus with aging, the authors investigated the relationships among
elements in the medial meniscus by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry. The subjects consisted of 16 men
and 7 women, ranging in age from 65 to 93 yr. In the left medial meniscus, extremely significant correlations were found both
between calcium and phosphorus contents and between sulfur and magnesium contents, whereas significant correlations were found
between calcium and either iron or zinc contents, between phosphorus and either iron or zinc contents, and between iron and
zinc contents. On the other hand, in the right medial meniscus, there were only an extremely significant correlation between
calcium and phosphorus contents and a significant correlation between sulfur and magnesium contents. The common finding between
the left and right medial menisci was an extremely significant correlation between calcium and phosphorus contents and a significant
correlation between sulfur and magnesium contents. 相似文献