共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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目前含硫废水污染很大,微生物燃料电池具有高效环境友好的特点成为研究热点。本文简要概述微生物燃料电池结构和发展历史,利用微生物燃料电池技术处理含硫废水的研究进展,最后分析了目前研究发展趋势和展望。 相似文献
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微生物燃料电池(Microbial fuel cell,MFC)利用微生物整体作为催化剂催化底物将化学能直接转化为电能,是一种极具应用前景的生物电化学技术。微生物在阳极氧化还原有机物产生电子并传递给阳极,电子通过外电路传递至阴极后将电子释放给阴极中的氧化剂,从而产生电流。当有毒物质进入MFC,微生物活性降低,电子传递量变少,电流降低,而电流的产生与微生物活性呈线性关系,据此可检测样品的毒性。本文主要介绍了微生物燃料电池在毒性物质抗生素、重金属离子、有机污染物、酸等方面的研究,并分析了微生物燃料电池存在的问题及未来研究方向,以期不久的将来微生物燃料电池能付之使用。 相似文献
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微生物燃料电池(Microbial fuel cell,MFC)是一种近几年快速发展的废物处理与能源化技术,可以与污水处理、污染物降解、脱盐等环境技术结合。微生物燃料电池与堆肥技术结合可以在处理日益增长的固体废弃物的同时回收能量,具有很好的发展前景。文中分析了堆肥微生物燃料电池系统的微生物特征,探讨了堆肥过程中影响微生物燃料电池产电性能的因素,包括电极,隔膜,供氧和构型。最后归纳说明了堆肥微生物电池作为一种新的废弃物处理技术的特点:较高的微生物量并可产生较高的电流密度;对不同环境的适应性强;可以自身调节温度,能源利用效率高;质子从阳极向阴极的移动会受到不同堆肥原料的影响。 相似文献
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近年来,微生物燃料电池已引起了广泛关注,它将低能量废水和木质纤维素生物质等有机废物转化为电能。在将来,微生物电能将成为一种重要的生物能源,因为微生物燃料电池提供了一种复合有机物和可再生生物能源中提取电能的可行性。人们研究了许多物质,以考察其是否能作为微生物电能转化的底物。这些物质包括人工的和天然废物,以及木质纤维素生物质。尽管现在微生物燃料电池提供的电流和功率较低,但是随着技术的发展和对微生物燃料电池系统的深入了解,微生物燃料电池转化的电流和电力将极大增加,从而向世人提供了一种可以将纤维素生物质和废水直接转化为有用能源的有效方法。本文介绍了迄今为止在微生物燃料电池中用到的各种反应底物,并对它们的应用效率和存在的不足进行了分析。 相似文献
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阳极作为微生物燃料电池中的重要组成部分,其性能的高低显著影响着微生物燃料电池的产电性能。纳米材料具有导电性好、表面积大等优良特性。因此,纳米材料修饰阳极能够有效减小电极内阻、增大微生物的粘附量,从而显著提高微生物燃料电池的产电性能。本文首先简要介绍了微生物燃料电池中阳极修饰纳米材料的种类,然后重点归纳了不同纳米材料修饰阳极对微生物燃料电池产电性能的影响及其原因。最后对微生物燃料电池阳极修饰纳米材料和技术进行展望。 相似文献
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《生物技术通报》2017,(10)
微生物燃料电池(Microbial fuel cell,MFC)作为一种新型的环境治理和能源技术,目前已得到研究者们的广泛关注。微生物燃料电池是一种利用微生物将有机物中的化学能转化成电能的装置,产电微生物作为生物催化剂,对微生物燃料电池的发展至关重要。不同种类的产电微生物,其电子转移机制与能力有所差异,直接影响MFC的产电性能,从而决定MFC在工程实践中的性能与应用。任何含有大量微生物的废水、污泥、沉积物都可以作为产电微生物的筛选来源,尝试从不同环境条件下分离筛选高效产电微生物有望促进MFC的进一步完善,从而加速其在环境中的应用。通过对微生物燃料电池的发展、产电微生物种类及其电子传递机制等进行总结分析,综述了MFC中产电微生物的最新研究进展,包括产电微生物的筛选方法、种类以及技术研究等,最后展望了今后在产电微生物方面的主要研究方向及MFC的发展前景,以期为产电微生物的的筛选和应用奠定相应的理论基础及提供思路。 相似文献
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摘要:能源危机已经成为阻碍世界发展的主要问题之一,微生物燃料电池的出现为能源危机提供了新的解决途径。将植物和微藻等光合生物与微生物燃料电池整合为微生物太阳能燃料电池(MSCs),能够实现将太阳能转化为电能。微生物太阳能燃料电池不仅能够实现电能持续稳定的产生,而且在污水处理,生物柴油加工以及中间代谢物生产等方面具有广阔的应用前景。本文从光合生物在微生物燃料电池中的作用的角度出发,在参考大量文献的基础上对微生物太阳能电池进行较为全面的综述,并评述其中的优点及不足之处,最后对微生物燃料电池面临的挑战及研究需求做简要分析。旨在为未来微生物太阳能燃料电池的实际应用提供参考。 相似文献
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Soroush Saheb-Alam Frank Persson Britt-Marie Wilén Malte Hermansson Oskar Modin 《Microbial biotechnology》2019,12(5):962-975
In microbial fuel cells (MFCs), microorganisms generate electrical current by oxidizing organic compounds. MFCs operated with different electron donors harbour different microbial communities, and it is unknown how that affects their response to starvation. We analysed the microbial communities in acetate- and glucose-fed MFCs and compared their responses to 10 days starvation periods. Each starvation period resulted in a 4.2 ± 1.4% reduction in electrical current in the acetate-fed MFCs and a 10.8 ± 3.9% reduction in the glucose-fed MFCs. When feed was resumed, the acetate-fed MFCs recovered immediately, whereas the glucose-fed MFCs required 1 day to recover. The acetate-fed bioanodes were dominated by Desulfuromonas spp. converting acetate into electrical current. The glucose-fed bioanodes were dominated by Trichococcus sp., functioning as a fermenter, and a member of Desulfuromonadales, using the fermentation products to generate electrical current. Suspended biomass and biofilm growing on non-conductive regions within the MFCs had different community composition than the bioanodes. However, null models showed that homogenizing dispersal of microorganisms within the MFCs affected the community composition, and in the glucose-fed MFCs, the Trichococcus sp. was abundant in all locations. The different responses to starvation can be explained by the more complex pathway requiring microbial interactions to convert glucose into electrical current. 相似文献
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Yang-Chun Yong Zhi-Hong Liao Jian-Zhong Sun Tao Zheng Rong-Rong Jiang Hao Song 《Process Biochemistry》2013,48(12):1947-1951
Coulombic efficiency and stability of electricity output are crucial for practical applications of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). In this study, a cell immobilization method for electrogenic microorganism in MFCs using graphite/alginate granules is developed. The MFC with immobilized cell granules delivered a much more stable electricity output than that with suspension cells, and resulted in a ~0.8 to 1.7 times improvement on coulombic efficiency compared to the suspension mode. Impressively, with the conductive graphite/alginate/cells granules, the internal resistance of the MFC decreased dramatically. Moreover, the cell immobilized MFC showed a much higher tolerance to the shock of high salt concentration than the MFC with suspension cells. The results substantiated that immobilization of electrogenic microorganism for MFCs could be achieved by the method developed here, and it is promising for practical application in energy harvesting from wastewater by MFCs. 相似文献
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Hussain A Guiot SR Mehta P Raghavan V Tartakovsky B 《Applied microbiology and biotechnology》2011,90(3):827-836
Electricity generation in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) has been a subject of significant research efforts. MFCs employ the
ability of electricigenic bacteria to oxidize organic substrates using an electrode as an electron acceptor. While MFC application
for electricity production from a variety of organic sources has been demonstrated, very little research on electricity production
from carbon monoxide and synthesis gas (syngas) in an MFC has been reported. Although most of the syngas today is produced
from non-renewable sources, syngas production from renewable biomass or poorly degradable organic matter makes energy generation
from syngas a sustainable process, which combines energy production with the reprocessing of solid wastes. An MFC-based process
of syngas conversion to electricity might offer a number of advantages such as high Coulombic efficiency and biocatalytic
activity in the presence of carbon monoxide and sulfur components. This paper presents a discussion on microorganisms and
reactor designs that can be used for operating an MFC on syngas. 相似文献
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产电和污染物降解是微生物燃料电池(Microbial Fuel Cells,MFCs)的两个基本功能,也是MFCs作为一种新型的环境治理和能源技术最具吸引力的优势。大量的研究已表明:相对于一般厌氧生物降解技术,MFCs具有更高效的废弃物、废水或污染物降解的能力。解析MFCs强化污染物降解的机理对于进一步优化MFCs的性能具有重要的指导意义,也可以为MFCs在实际环境中的原位应用提供理论支持。本文在综述MFCs强化污染物降解研究报道的基础上,从MFCs中微生物群落的代谢模式、生物膜的活性以及MFCs对局部氧化还原环境的影响等方面为MFCs强化污染物降解的功能提供可能的理论依据,并对MFCs在污染物降解方面的几个可能的发展方向进行展望,为不同学科背景的相关研究者提供参考。 相似文献
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A state of the art review on microbial fuel cells: A promising technology for wastewater treatment and bioenergy 总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20
A microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a bioreactor that converts chemical energy in the chemical bonds in organic compounds to electrical energy through catalytic reactions of microorganisms under anaerobic conditions. It has been known for many years that it is possible to generate electricity directly by using bacteria to break down organic substrates. The recent energy crisis has reinvigorated interests in MFCs among academic researchers as a way to generate electric power or hydrogen from biomass without a net carbon emission into the ecosystem. MFCs can also be used in wastewater treatment facilities to break down organic matters. They have also been studied for applications as biosensors such as sensors for biological oxygen demand monitoring. Power output and Coulombic efficiency are significantly affected by the types of microbe in the anodic chamber of an MFC, configuration of the MFC and operating conditions. Currently, real-world applications of MFCs are limited because of their low power density level of several thousand mW/m2. Efforts are being made to improve the performance and reduce the construction and operating costs of MFCs. This article presents a critical review on the recent advances in MFC research with emphases on MFC configurations and performances. 相似文献
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Senthilkumar Nangan Aziz Md. Abdul Pannipara Mehboobali Alphonsa A. Therasa Al-Sehemi Abdullah G. Balasubramani A. Gnana kumar G. 《Bioprocess and biosystems engineering》2020,43(1):97-109
Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering - Despite the green energy generation with low cost compared to conventional fuel cells, microbial fuel cells (MFCs) still suffer with anode related... 相似文献
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Use of inexpensive semicoke and activated carbon as biocathode in microbial fuel cells 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In this study, two inexpensive semicoke and activated carbon packed bed biocathode were developed for oxygen reduction in microbial fuel cells (MFCs). These two materials were compared with two commonly used biocathode materials graphite and carbon felt in terms of material characteristic, power density, biomass density and price-performance ratio. MFCs with semicoke and activated carbon biocathode produced a maximum power density of 20.1 W/m3 (normalized liquid volume in cathodic compartment) and 24.3 W/m3, respectively, compared to 14.1 and 17.1 W/m3 obtained by MFCs with graphite and carbon felt biocathode, respectively. The bacteria attached on biocathode played a major role in oxygen reduction for all the materials investigated. The material cost per Watt produced for semicoke and activated carbon biocathode is only 2.8% and 22.7% of that for graphite biocathode, respectively. These two inexpensive carbon materials, especially semicoke, are very cost-effective biocathode materials for future large scale MFCs. 相似文献
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Production of Electricity and Butanol from Microalgal Biomass in Microbial Fuel Cells 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Chlorella vulgaris (a freshwater microalga) and Dunaliella tertiolecta (a marine microalga) were grown for bulk harvest, and their biomass was tested as feedstock for electricity production in cubic two-chamber microbial fuel cells (MFCs) at 37°C. The anode inoculum was anaerobic consortium from a municipal sewage sludge digester, enriched separately for the two microalgal biomass feedstocks. After repeated subculturing of the two anaerobic enrichments, the maximum power density obtained in MFCs was higher from C. vulgaris (15.0 vs. 5.3 mW m?2) while power generation was more sustained from D. tertiolecta (13 vs. 9.8 J g-1 volatile solids). Anolytes of algal biomass-fed MFCs also contained substantial levels of butanol (8.7–16 mM with C. vulgaris and 2.5–7.0 mM with D. tertiolecta), which represents an additional form of utilizable energy. Carryover of salts from the marine D. tertiolecta biomass slurry resulted in gradual precipitation of Ca and Mg phosphates on the cathode side of the MFC. Polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis profiling and sequencing of bacterial communities demonstrated the presence of Wolinella succinogenes and Bacteroides and Synergistes spp. as well as numerous unknown bacteria in both enrichments. The D. tertiolecta enriched consortium contained also Geovibrio thiophilus and Desulfovibrio spp. Thus, the results indicate potential for combining fermentation and anaerobic respiration for bioenergy production from photosynthetic biomass. 相似文献